Professional Documents
Culture Documents
- Hand to Machine.
- Using steam power
- Textile
Now 4.0
- Big Data
- Internet of things
- Smart factory
STRATEGY FORMULATION
Process Measurement
Bottleneck > - The relationship b/w various stage (highly dependence will create BN) -
Higher buffer inventories, higher independence b/w stage - The stage with a
lowest capacity
Which products should be produced? > Calculating of max production in bottleneck station.
QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Producer’s view > Quality of conformance> conformance to spec., and Cost
Customer’s view > Quality of design > characteristic and Price.
Fitness for use – How well product does as it supposed to be. Ex. Car and Truck
Quality of design – MB and Ford have same use but diff in perf. Feat. Size etc.
Quality of conformance – Making sure that products produced according to the design at acceptable cost.
QPR – Quality productivity ratio; the index that include productivity and quality cost
> 1/production cost (Cost which include the defect and rework) Higher QPR is good
Walter Shewhart > Term Quality Assurance by using statistical control method
Principles of TQM
KAORU USHIKAWA – Developed Fishbone diagram (What make machine cause prob)
SIX Sigma – 99.9997% or return no more than 3.4 defects per million(DPMO)
Employee Empowerment – Let they involve in product and process improvements (85% of quality problems are
from process and materials
JIT > High WIP hide problems. Pull system. Cut cost of quality
7 Basic QC Tools
Generating ideas
1. Check sheet
2. Scatter diagrams
3. Cause and effect diagram
Organizing data
Identifying problems
4 mains SC Process
1. Procurement
2. Production
3. Distribution
4. Information
Bullwhip effect – w/o sharing information (move back upstream) so the farest from customer will have high cost.
To prevent BW effect
1. Vendor Managed Inventory – Supplier will manage our inventory. They will check stock and decide
themselves when to reorder. We just send them a plan.
2. JIT
3. Information sharing
4. Strategic partnership
Risk Pooling – is another way to reduce uncertainty. Have a center WH to share inventory
Approaches
Measures of Errors
Tracking Signal – One model cannot use forever so we have to track RSFE/MAS
-+
INVENTORY MGT
It’s items kept to meet demand. Ex. RM, WC, Tool, machine, equip or labor.
1. Uncertainty
2. Support strategic plan
3. Take adv. Of EOS > Disc.for larger quantity order
ABC Classification
Inventory Cost