Professional Documents
Culture Documents
THE
IRREGULAR
VERBS
AND MODALS
EDITORIAL STANLEY
Written by / Escrito por:
Edward R. Rosset
Member of the Bachelor of Arts Association of
Euskadi.
Miembro del Colegio de Licenciados de Filosofia y
Letras de Euskadi
© Editorial Stanley
Apdo. 207 - 20302 IRUN - SPAIN
Telf. (943) 64 04 12 - Fax. (943) 64 38 63
ISBN: 84-7873-343-4
Dep. Leg. BI-2.267/99
Printers / Imprime:
Imprenta Berekintza
Introduccion Introduction
Los verbos ingleses tienen fama de ser faciles y sencillos, English verbs are reputed to be simple. Having relatively
tan sencillos que ninguna otra editorial se ha preocupado few inflected forms, they are indeed easier to master than
nunca de publicar un libro de verbos conjugados tal como the verbs of many other languages. For that reason,
los conocemos en espanol o frances, por ejemplo. perhaps, no book of English verb conjugations like those we
Sin embargo, no por ser faciles dejan de tener sus are accustomed to in Spanish and French, has, until now
dificultades. A muchos estudiantes les gustaria tener un been published.
libro de referencia, sobre todo de verbos irregulares y However, the fact that English verbs are relatively easy
defectivos. does not mean that they are entirely without difficulty. Quite
La Editorial Stanley, despues de publicar ENGLISH VERBS the contrary. They have their own peculiarities, complexities
ONE BY ONE, lanza al mercado ENGLISH IRREGULAR and traps for the unwary. Consequently, we feel that many
and modal VERBS conjugated students can benefit from a reference work devoted wholly
Pongamos por caso que queremos traducir: to the irregular and modal verbs, presenting each form
- Si yo hubiese podido, habria venido mas methodically, completely and with the utmost clarity.
temprano. Suppose, for example, that your English is somewhat rusty
Puede ocurrir que los verbos no se nos dan muy bien, ni and that you wish to translate a comparatively complex
siquiera en castellano. Abrimos el libro de IRREGULAR verbal pattern like:
VERBS en el verbo PODER y buscamos hubiese podido, - Si yo hubiera podido, habria venido.
lo encontramos en el pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo, y a Simply open the book at PODER and look for, hubiese
su lado la traduccion: podido. You will find it in the Past Perfect Subjunctive and
- / had been able. next to it, the translation:
A continuation miramos, habria venido en el verbo VENIR, - / had been able.
y lo encontramos en el condicional compuesto: In the same way find, habria venido, the Conditional
- / would have come. Perfect of VENIR:
Asi pues: - / would have come.
- If I had been able, I would have come earlier. All that remains is to put the two clauses together:
Veamos otra frase: - If I had been able, I would have come.
- Si hubiera habido menos trafico, habrian ido This book is addressed not only to those who are beginning
en coche. to study English, but also to those who, for whatever
En el verbo HABER (impersonal) encontraremos, hubiera reason, are still uncertain about how to form verb tenses
habido en el pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo y su correctly. In both cases, ENGLISH IRREGULAR & MODAL
traduccion there had been. Y si miramos, habrian ido en VERBS will prove an invaluable tool.
el verbo IR, veremos que es el Condicional compuesto,
they would have gone.
Asi pues:
- If there had been less traffic, they would have
gone by car.
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INDEX
DEJAR, SALIR, IRSE, ABANDONAR . . . . 73 SAW SAWED • SAWED/SAWN SLEEP SLEPT • SLEPT
DORMIR 113
LEND • LENT - LENT SERRAR 93
SMELL • SMELLED/SMELT • STICK STUCK STUCK THROW • THREW THROWN ... 153
SMELLED/SMELT PEGAR, ADHERIR, COLOCAR, ATASCAR(SE),
ARROJAR ' TIRAR 153
OLER 118 AGUANTAR, SOPORTAR 134
THRUST • THRUST • THRUST
SMITE • SMOTE SMITTEN STING • STUNG • STUNG CLAVAR ' INSERTAR ' EMPUJAR 154
GOLPEAR, ATORMENTAR 119 PICAR MORDER 135
TREAD - T R O D -TRODDEN . . . . 1 5 5
SOW SOWED • SOWN STINK • STANK STUNK
PISAR ' APISONAR 155
SEMBRAR 120 APESTAR 1 36
WAKE - W O K E WOKEN 156
SPEAK • SPOKE • SPOKEN STREW STREWED STREWED/
HABLAR 121 STREWN DESPERTAR 156
THE
IRREGULAR
VERBS
AND MODALS
EDITORIAL STANLEY
This page intentionally left blank
ABIDE • ABODE/ABIDED - ABIDED
TOLERAR, SOPORTAR, ACATAR, CUMPLIR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 1
ARISE - AROSE • ARISEN
SURGIR, LEVANTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would arise you would have arisen surgido habiendo surgido
they would arise they would have arisen arisen having arisen
2 Stanley
AWAKE • AWOKE • AWOKEN
DESPERTAR (SE)
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 3
BEAR • BORE - BORNE
AGUANTAR, RESISTIR, SOPORTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
Future F u t u r e p e r fe c t
I m p e r a t i v e
aguantare habre aguantado
I shall/will bear I shall/will have borne let me bear no existe (dejame aguantar)
you will bear you will have borne bear aguanta tu
he/she/it will bear he/she/it will have borne let him/her/it bear aguante el/ella/ello
we shall/will bear we shall/will have borne let us (let's) bear aguantemos nosotros
you will bear you will have borne bear aguantad vosotros
they will bear. they will have borne let them bear aguanten ellos/ellas
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
4 Stanley
BEAT • BEAT • BEATEN
DERROTAR, VENCER, GOLPEAR, BATIR, SACUDIR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would beat you would have beaten derrotado habiendo derrotado
they would beat they would have beaten beaten having beaten
Stanley 5
BECOME • B E C A M E • BECOME
LLEGAR A SER, HACERSE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
llegaba/llegue a ser habia/hube llegado a ser llegara o llegase a ser hubiera o hubiese llegado a ser
I became I had become I became I had become
you became you had become you became you had become
he/she/it became he/she/it had become he/she/it became he/she/it had become
we became we had become we became we had become
you became you had become you became you had become
they became they had become they became they had become
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would become you would have become llegado a ser habiendo llegado a ser
they would become they would have become become having become
6 Stanley
BEGIN • BEGAN • BEGUN
EMPEZAR, COMENZAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would begin you would have begun empezado habiendo empezado
they would begin they would have begun begun having begun
Stanley 7
BEND - BENT - BENT
DOBLAR, TORCER, CURVAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will bend he/she/it will have bent let him/her/it bend dob/e el/e//a/e//o
we shall/will bend we shall/will have bent let us (let's) bend doblemos nosotros
you will bend you will have bent bend dob/ad vosotros
they will bend they will have bent let them bend dob/en e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
doblar haberdob/ado
Present Perfect
to bend to have bent
dob/aria habria dob/ado Gerund Perfect Gerund
I should/would bend I should/would have bent
doblando habiendo dob/ado
you would bend you would have bent
bending having bent
he/she/it would bend he/she/it would have bent
Participle Perfect Participle
we should/would bend we should/would have bent
you would bend you would have bent dob/ado habiendo dob/ado
they would bend they would have bent bent having bent
8 Stanley
BESEECH • BESOUGHT • BESOUGHT
SUPLICAR, IMPLORAR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 9
BET - BET • BET
APOSTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would bet you would have bet apostado habiendo apostado
they would bet they would have bet bet having bet
10 Stanley
BID • BADE • BIDDEN
MANDAR, ORDENAR, INVITAR, DAR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 11
BIND - BOUND - BOUND
ATAR, AMARRAR, ENVOLVER, UNIR, VENDAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will bind he/she/it will have bound let him/her/it bind ate e//e//a/e//o
they will bind they will have bound they them bind aten ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would bind you would have bound atado habiendo atado
they would bind they would have bound bound having bound
12 Stanley
BITE • BIT • BITTEN
MORDER, PICAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 13
BLEED • BLED • BLED
SANGRAR, DESANGRAR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will bleed he/she/it will have bled let him/her/it bleed sangre el/ella/ello
we shall/will bleed we shall/will have bled let us (let's) bleed sangremos nosotros
you will bleed you will have bled bleed sangrad vosotros
they will bleed they will have bled let them bleed sangren ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would bleed you would have bled sangrado habiendo sangrado
they would bleed they would have bled bled having bled
14 Stanley
BLOW • BLEW • BLOWN
SOPLAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 15
BREAK • BROKE • BROKEN
ROMPER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
16 Stanley
BREED• BRED• BRED
CRIARf GENERAR, ENGENDRAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 17
BRING • BROUGHT • BROUGHT
TRAER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
18 Stanley
BUILD • BUILT • BUILT
CONSTRUIR, EDIFICAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would build you would have built construido habiendo construido
they would build they would have built built having built
Stanley 19
BURN • BURNT/BURNED • BURNT/BURNED
QUEMAR, ARDER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
20 Stanley
BURST • BURST • BURST
REVENTAR, DESBORDAR, ABRIRSE DE GOLPE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would burst you would have burst reventado habiendo reventado
they would burst they would have burst burst having burst
Stanley 21
BUY • BOUGHT • BOUGHT
COMPRAR, ADQUIRIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will buy he/she/it will have bought let him/her/it buy compre el/ella/ello
we shall/will buy we shall/will have bought let us (let's) buy compremos nosotros
you will buy you will have bought buy comprad vosotros
they will buy they will have bought let them buy compren ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
22 Stanley
CAST • CAST • CAST
ARROJAR, PROYECTAR, ECHAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would cast you would have cast arrojado habiendo arrojado
they would cast they would have cast cast having cast
Stanley 23
CATCH • CAUGHT • CAUGHT
ACARRAR, COGER, ATRAPAR, ASIR
I n d i c a t i v e
Indicative S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
24 Stanley
CHOOSE • CHOSE - CHOSEN
ELEGIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would choose you would have chosen elegido habiendo elegido
they would choose they would have chosen chosen having chosen
Stanley 25
CLING • CLUNG • CLUNG
AFERRARSE, ADHERIRSE, PEGARSE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will cling he/she/it will have clung let him/her/it cling aferre el/ella/ello
we shall/will cling we shall/will have clung let us (let's) cling aferremos nosotros
you will cling you will have clung cling aferrad vosotros
they will cling they will have clung let them cling aferren ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would cling you would have clung aferrado habiendo aferrado
they would cling they would have clung clung having clung
26 Stanley
COME - CAME - COME
VENIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will come he/she/it will have come let him/her/it come venga el/ella/ello
we shall/will come we shall/will have come let us (let's) come vengamos nosotros
you will come you will have come come venid vosotros
they will come they will have come let them come vengan ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 27
COST • COST - COST
COS TAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will cost he/she/it will have cost let him/her/it cost cueste el/ella/ello
we shall/will cost we shall/will have cost let us (let's) cost costemos nosofros
you will cost you will have cost cost costad vosotros
they will cost they will have cost let them cost cuesten ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
28 Stanley
CREEP • CREPT • CREPT
ARRASTRARSE, DESLIZARSE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 29
CUT • CUT • CUT
CORTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
30 Stanley
DEAL • DEALT • DEALT
TRATAR CON, REPARTIR, DISTRIBUIRf DAR (NAIPES)
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would deal you would have dealt tratado habiendo tratado
they would deal they would have dealt dealt having dealt
Stanley 31
DIG • DUG - DUG
CAVAR, EXCAVAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will dig he/she/it will have dug let him/her/it dig cave el/ella/ello
we shall/will dig we shall/will have dug let us (let's) dig cavemos nosotros
you will dig you will have dug dig cavad vosotros
they will dig they will have dug let them dig caven ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
32 Stanley
DO • DID • DONE
HACER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 33
DRAW • DREW • DRAWN
DIBUJAR, TRAZARf TIRAR DE, SACAR, GIRAR (LETRAS)
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e
Impersonal r s o n a l f o r mforms
s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Conditional Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
dibujar haber dibujado
Present Perfect
to draw to have drawn
dibujaria habria dibujado Gerund Perfect Gerund
I should/would draw I should/would have drawn
dibujando habiendo dibujado
you would draw you would have drawn
drawing having drawn
he/she/it would draw he/she/it would have drawn
Participle Perfect Participle
we should/would draw we should/would have drawn
you would draw you would have drawn dibujado habiendo dibujado
they would draw they would have drawn drawn having drawn
34 Stanley
DREAM . DREAMT/DREAMED. DREAMT/DREAMED
SONAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
Present Perfect I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
sonaria habria sonado
Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
I should/would I should/would have dreamt/
dream dreamed sonar haber sonado
you would you would have dreamt/ to dream to have dreamt/dreamed
dream dreamed
he/she/it would he/she/it would have dreamt/ Gerund Perfect Gerund
dream dreamed sohando habiendo sonado
we should/would we should/would have dreamt/
dreaming having dreamt/dreamed
dream dreamed
you would you would have dreamt/ Participle Perfect Participle
dream dreamed
sonado habiendo sonado
they would they would have dreamt/
dream dreamed dreamt/dreamed having dreamt/dreamed
Stanley 35
DRINK - DRANK - DRUNK
BEBER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
IImpersonal
m p e r s o n a l f o r mforms
s
36 Stanley
DRIVE • DROVE • DRIVEN
CONDUCIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
C o n d
Conditional i t i o n a l Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
conducir haber conducido
Present Perfect
to drive to have driven
conduciria habria conducido Gerund Perfect Gerund
I should/would drive I should/would have driven
conduciendo habiendo conducido
you would drive you would have driven
driving having driven
he/she/it would drive he/she/it would have driven
we should/would drive we should/would have driven Participle Perfect Participle
you would drive you would have driven conducido habiendo conducido
they would drive they would have driven driven having driven
Stanley 37
DWELL • DWELT - DWELT
MORAR, VIVIR, HABITAR.
I n d i c a t i v e
Indicative S u b j u n c t i v e
Subjunctive
I m p e r s o n a l
Impersonal f o r forms
m s
38 Stanley
EAT • ATE • EATEN
COMER
IIndicative
n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l
Impersonal f o r forms
m s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Conditional lnfinitive Perfect Infinitive
comer haber com/do
Present Perfect
to eat to have eaten
comer/a habria com/do
Gerund Perfect Gerund
I should/would eat I should/would have eaten
you would eat you would have eaten
com/endo hab/endocom/do
eating having eaten
he/she/it would eat he/she/it would have eaten
we should/would eat we should/would have eaten Participle Perfect Participle
you would eat you would have eaten com/do habiendo com/do
they would eat they would have eaten eaten having eaten
Stanley 39
FALL • FELL • FALLEN
CAER
I n d i c a t i v e Subjunctive
S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
40 Stanley
FEED • FED • FED
ALIMENTAR, DAR DE COMER
IIndicative
n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e
Impersonal r s o n a l f o r mforms
s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Conditional Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
alimentar haber alimentado
Present Perfect
to feed to have fed
alimentaria habria alimentado Gerund Perfect Gerund
I should/would feed I should/would have fed
alimentando habiendo alimentado
you would feed you would have fed
feeding having fed
he/she/it would feed he/she/it would have fed
we should/would feed we should/would have fed Participle Perfect Participle
you would feed you would have fed alimentado habiendo alimentado
they would feed they would have fed fed having fed
Stanley 41
FEEL • FELT • FELT
SENTIR, PALPAR
I n d i c a t i v e
Indicative S u b j u n c t i v e
Subjunctive
he/she/it will feel he/she/it will have felt let him/her/it feel sienta el/ella/ello
we shall/will feel we shall/will have felt let us (let's) feel sintamos nosotros
you will feel you will have felt feel sentid vosotros
they will feel they will have felt let them feel sientan ellos
I m p e
Impersonal r s o n a l f o r mforms
s
you would feel you would have felt sentido habiendo sentido
they would feel they would have felt felt having felt
42 Stanley
FIND • FOUND • FOUND
ENCONTRAR, HALLAR
Indicative
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
Subjunctive
he/she/it will find he/she/it will have found let him/her/it find encuentre el/ella/ello
we shall/will find we shall/will have found let us (let's) find encontremos nosotros
you will find you will have found find encontrad vosotros
they will find they will have found let them find encuentren ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would find you would have found encontrado habiendo encontrado
they would find they would have found found having found
Stanley 43
FIGHT • FOUGHT • FOUGHT
LUCHAR, COMBATIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will fight he/she/it will have fought let him/her/it fight luche el/ella/ello
we shall/will fight we shall/will have fought let us (let's) fight luchemos nosotros
you will fight you will have fought fight luchad vosotros
they will fight they will have fought let them fight luchen ellos
I m p e
Impersonal r s o n a l f o r mforms
s
you would fight you would have fought luchado habiendo luchado
they would fight they would have fought fought having fought
44 Stanley
FLEE • FLED • FLED
HUIR, ESCAPAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 45
FLING • FLUNG • FLUNG
TIRARy ARROJAR, ECHAR, LANZAR, AVENTAR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
Subjunctive
we shall/will fling we shall/will have flung let us (let's) fling tiremos nosotros
you will fling you will have flung fling tirad vosotros
they will fling they will have flung let them fling tiren e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Conditional Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
tirar haber tirado
Present Perfect
to fling to have flung
tiraria habria tirado
Gerund Perfect Gerund
I should/would fling I should/would have flung
tirando habiendo tirado
you would fling you would have flung
flinging having flung
he/she/it would fling he/she/it would have flung
we should/would fling we should/would have flung Participle Perfect Participle
you would fling you would have flung tirado habiendo tirado
they would fling they would have flung flung having flung
46 Stanley
FLY • FLEW • FLOWN
VOLAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would fly you would have flown volado habiendo volado
they would fly they would have flown flown having flown
Stanley 47
FORBID • FORBADE • FORBIDDEN
PROHIBIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will forbid he/she/it will have forbidden let him/her/it forbid prohiba el/ella/ello
we shall/will forbid we shall/will have forbidden let us (let's) forbid prohibamos nosotros
you will forbid you will have forbidden forbid prohibid vosotros
they will forbid they will have forbidden let them forbid prohiban ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would forbid you would have forbidden prohibido habiendo prohibido
they would forbid they would have forbidden forbidden having forbidden
48 Stanley
FORGET • FORGOT • FORGOTTEN
OLVIDAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 49
FORSAKE - FORSOOK • FORSAKEN
ABANDONAR, RENUNCIAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will forsake he/she/it will have forsaken let him/her/it forsake abandone el/ella/ello
we shall/will forsake we shall/will have forsaken let us (let's) forsake abandonemos nosotros
you will forsake you will have forsaken forsake abandonad vosotros
they will forsake they will have forsaken let them forsake abandonen ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
50 Stanley
FREEZE • FROZE • FROZEN
HELAR, CONGELAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
stanley 51
GILD • GILDED - GILDED/GILT
DORAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
52 Stanley
GIRD - GIRDED/GIRT • GIRDED/GIRT
CENIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would gird you would have girt/girded cenido habiendo cenido
they would gird they would have girt/girded girt/girded having girt/girded
Stanley 53
GO • WENT - GONE
IR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
54 Stanley
GRIND - GROUND • GROUND
MOLER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 55
GROW • GREW • GROWN
CRECER, CULTIVAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
56 Stanley
HANG • HUNG/HANGED • HUNG/HANGED
COL GAR, AHORCAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
C o n d i t i o n a l I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 57
HEAR - HEARD - HEARD
OIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
58 Stanley
HEW - HEWED - HEWED/HEWN
EXTRAER, LABRAR, TALLAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
Present Perfect extraer haber extraido
extraeria habria extraido to hew to have hewn/hewed
I should/would hew I should/would have hewed/hewn
Gerund Perfect Gerund
you would hew you would have hewed/hewn
extrayendo habiendo extraido
he/she/it would hew he/she/it would have hewed/hewn
hewing having hewn/hewed
we should/would we should/would have hewed/
hew hewn Participle Perfect Participle
you would hew you would have hewed/hewn extraido habiendo extraido
they would hew they would have hewed/hewn hewn having hewn/hewed
Stanley 59
HIDE - HID • HIDDEN
ESCONDER, OCULTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will hide he/she/it will have hidden let him/her/it hide esconda el/ella/ello
we shall/will hide we shall/will have hidden let us (let's) hide escondamos nosotros
you will hide you will have hidden hide esconded vosotros
they will hide they will have hidden let them hide escondan ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would hide you would have hidden escondido habiendo escondido
they would hide they would have hidden hidden having hidden
60 Stanley
HIT • HIT • HIT
GOLPEAR, ACERTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 61
HOLD • HELD • HELD
SOSTENER, AGUANTARr MANTENER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
62 Stanley
HURT • HURT - HURT
DOLER, HERIR, HACER DANO, LAST/MAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
hacia/hice dano habia/hube hecho dano hiciera o hiciese dano hubiera o hubiese hecho dano
I hurt I had hurt I hurt I had hurt
you hurt you had hurt you hurt you had hurt
he/she/it hurt he/she/it had hurt he/she/it hurt he/she/it had hurt
we hurt we had hurt we hurt we had hurt
you hurt you had hurt you hurl you had hurt
they hurt they had hurt they hurt they had hurt
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would hurt you would have hurt hecho dano habiendo hecho dano
they would hurt they would have hurt hurt having hurt
Stanley 63
KEEP • KEPT • KEPT
GUARDAR, CONSERVAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
they will keep they will have kept let them keep guarden ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would keep you would have kept guardado habiendo guardado
they would keep they would have kept kept having kept
64 Stanley
KNEEL • KNELT KNELT
ARRODILLAR(SE)
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 65
KNIT • KNIT/KNITTED • KNIT/KNITTED
TRICOTAR. TEJER, HACER PUNTO O CALCETA
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will knit he/she/it will have knit/knitted let him/her/it knit tricote el/ella/ello
we shall/will knit we shall/will have knit/knitted let us (let's) knit tricotemos nosotros
you will knit you will have knit/knitted knit tricotad vosotros
they will knit they will have knit/knitted let them knit tricoten ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
66 Stanley
KNOW • KNEW • KNOWN
SABER, CONOCER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 67
LAY - LAID • LAID
POHER (HUEVOS, MESA), COLO CAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
we shall/will lay we shall/will have laid let us (let's) lay pongamos nosotros
you will lay you will have laid lay poned vosotros
they will lay they will have laid let them lay pongan e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
68 Stanley
LEAD - LED • LED
CONDUCIR, GUIAR, ENCABEZAR, DIRIGIR, MANDAR, ESTAR AL FRENTE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would lead you would have led encabezado habiendo encabezado
they would lead they would have led led having led
Stanley 69
LEAN • LEANED/LEANT LEANED/LEANT
APOYAR, RECOSTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
apoyar haberapoyado
Present Perfect
to lean to have leaned/leant
apoyar/'a habria apoyado
Gerund Perfect Gerund
I should/would lean I should/would have leaned/leant
you would lean you would have leaned/leant apoyando habiendo apoyado
he/she/it would lean he/she/it would have leaned/leant leaning having leaned/leant
we should/would lean we should/would have leaned/
leant Participle Perfect Participle
you would lean you would have leaned/leant apoyado habiendo apoyado
they would lean they would have leaned/leant leaned/leant having leaned/leant
70 Stanley
LEAP • LEAPED/LEFT • LEAPED/LEPT
SALTAR, BRINCAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 71
LEARN - LEARNED/LEARNT • LEARNED/LEARNT
APRENDER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
72 Stanley
LEAVE • LEFT • LEFT
DEJAR, SALIR, IRSE, ABANDOHAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would leave you would have left salido habiendo salido
they would leave they would have left left having left
Stanley 73
LEND • LENT - LENT
PRESTAR, OEJAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
74 Stanley
LET • LET • LET
PERMITIR, DEJAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 75
LIE • LAY - LAIN
ECHARSE, ACOSTARSE, YACER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
76 Stanley
LIGHT • LIT/LIGHTED • LIT/LIGHTED
ENCENDER, ILUMINAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would light you would have lit/lighted encendido habiendo encendido
they would light they would have lit/lighted lit/lighted having lit/lighted
Stanley 77
LOSE - LOST • LOST
PERDER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
78 Stanley
MAKE • MADE • MADE
HACER, FABRlCAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 79
MEAN - MEANT • MEANT
SIGNIFICAR, QUERER DECIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
queria/quise decir habia/hube querido decir quisiera o quisiese hub/era o hubiese querido
I meant I had meant decir decir
you meant you had meant I meant I had meant
he/she/it meant he/she/it had meant you meant you had meant
we meant we had meant he/she/it meant he/she/it had meant
you meant you had meant we meant we had meant
they meant they had meant you meant you had meant
they meant they had meant
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
80 Stanley
MEET • MET • MET
ENCONTRARSE, CONOCER, PRESENTAR, TOPARSE CON
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 81
MOW - MOWED • MOWN/MOWED
SEGAR, CORTAR EL CESPED
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
82 Stanley
PAY • PAID • PAID
PA CAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would pay you would have paid pagado habiendo pagado
they would pay they would have paid paid having paid
Stanley 83
PUT • PUT • PUT
PONER, COLOCAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will put he/she/it will have put let him/her/it put ponga el/ella/ello
we shall/will put we shall/will have put let us (let's) put pongamos nosotros
you will put youk will have put put poned vosotros
they will put they will have put let them put pongan e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
84 Stanley
QUIT • QUIT/QUITTED • QUIT/QUITTED
ABANDONAR, DEJAR, IRSE, RETIRARSE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would quit you would have quit/quitted abandonado habiendo abandonado
they would quit they would have quit/quitted quit/quitted having quit/quitted
Stanley 85
READ • READ • READ
LEER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will read he/she/it will have read let him/her/it read lea el/ella/ello
we shall/will read we shall/will have read let us (let's) read leamos nosotros
you will read you will have read read leed vosotros
they will read they will have read let them read lean ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would read you would have read leido habiendo leido
they would read they would have read read having read
86 Stanley
REND - RENT - RENT
RASGAR, DESGARRAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will rend he/she/it will have rent let him/her/it rend rasgue el/ella/ello
we shall/will rend we shall/will have rent let us (let's) rend rasguemos nosotros
you will rend you will have rent rend rasgad vosotros
they will rend they will have rent let them rend rasguen ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would rend you would have rent rasgado habiendo rasgado
they would rend they would have rent rent having rent
Stanley 87
RID • RID - RID
LIBRAR DE, DESHACERSE, QUITARSE, LIMPIAR, DISIPAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will rid he/she/it will have rid let him/her/it rid libre el/ella/ello de
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would rid you would have rid librado de habiendo librado de
they would rid they would have rid rid having rid
88 Stanley
RIDE • RODE • RIDDEN
CABALGARr MONTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would ride you would have ridden cabalgado habiendo cabalgado
they would ride they would have ridden ridden having ridden
Stanley 89
RING • RANG • RUNG
SONAR, REPICAR , TAMER , TOCAR EL TIMBRE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
90 Stanley
RISE • ROSE • RISEN
ELEVAR, LEVANTAR, SUBIR, SALIR (SOI.)
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 91
RUN • RAN • RUN
CORRER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
92 Stanley
SAW • SAWED • SAWED/SAWN
SERRAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 93
SAY - S A I D - SAID
DECIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will say he/she/it will have said let him/her/it say diga el/ella/ello
we shall/will say we shall/will have said let us (let's) say digamos nosotros
you will say you will have said say decid vosotros
they will say they will have said let them say digan ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would say you would have said dicho habiendo dicho
they would say they would have said said having said
94 Stanley
SEE • SAW - SEEN
VER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 95
SEEK • SOUGHT • SOUGHT
BUSCAR, PEDIR AYUDA, IR EN BUSCA DE ALCO, TRATAR DE LOORAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
96 Stanley
SEND • SENT • SENT
EHVIAR, MANDAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 97
SET • SET • SET
PONER, COLOCARf PREPARAR, FIJAR, ACORDAR, ESTABLECER, ASIGNAR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will set he/she/it will have set let him/her/it set coloque el/ella/ello
we shall/will set we shall/will have set let us set (let's) set coloquemos nosotros
you will set you will have set set colocad vosotros
they will set they will have set let them set co/oquen e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would set you would have set colocado habiendo colocado
they would set they would have set set having set
98 Stanley
SEW • SEWED • SEWN
COSER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would sew you would have sewn cosido habiendo cosido
they would sew they would have sewn sewn having sewn
Stanley 99
SHAKE • SHOOK • SHAKEN
AGITAR, REMOVER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
we shall/will shake we shall/will have shaken let us (let's) shake agitemos nosotros
you will shake you will have shaken shake agitad vosotros
they will shake they will have shaken let them shake agiten ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
100 Stanley
SHAVE - SHAVED • SHAVED/SHAVEN
AFEITAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
C o n d i t i o n a l I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 101
SHEAR • SHEARED - SHORN
ESQUILAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would shear you would have shorn esquilado habiendo esquilado
they would shear they would have shorn shorn having shorn
102 Stanley
SHED • SHED - SHED
DERRAMAR ' VERTER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would shed you would have shed derramado habiendo derramado
they would shed they would have shed shed having shed
Stanley 103
SHINE • SHONE . SHONE
BRILLAR, RESPLANDECER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
we shall/will shine we shall/will have shone let us (let's) shine brillemos nosotros
you will shine you will have shone shine brillad vosotros
they will shine they will have shone let them shine brillen ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
104 Stanley
SHOE • SHOD - SHOD
HERRAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would shoe you would have shod herrado habiendo herrado
they would shoe they would have shod shod having shod
Stanley 105
SHOOT • SHOT • SHOT
DISPAKAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
106 Stanley
SHOW • SHOWED • SHOWN
MOSTRAR, ENSENAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would show you would have shown mostrado habiendo mostrado
they would show they would have shown shown having shown
Stanley 107
SHRINK - SHRANK • SHRUNK
ENCOJER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
108 Stanley
SHUT • SHUT - SHUT
CERRAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would shut you would have shut cerrado habiendo cerrado
they would shut they would have shut shut having shut
Stanley 109
SING - SANG • SUNG
CANTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will sing he/she/it will have sung let him/her/it sing cante el/ella/ello
we shall/will sing we shall/will have sung let us (let's) sing cantemos nosotros
you will sing you will have sung sing cantad vosotros
they will sing they will have sung let them sing canten e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
110 Stanley
SIT • SAT - SAT
SENTAR(SE)
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 111
SLAY - SLEW • SLAIN
ASESINAR, OAR MUERTE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would slay you would have slain asesinado habiendo asesinado
they would slay they would have slain slain having slain
112 Stanley
SLEEP • SLEPT • SLEPT
DORMIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would sleep you would have slept dorm/do habiendo dorm/do
they would sleep they would have slept slept having slept
Stanley 113
SLIDE - SLID • SLID
DESLIZAR, RESBALAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will slide he/she/it will have slid let him/her/it slide deslice el/ella/ello
we shall/will slide we shall/will have slid let us (let's) slide deslicemos nosotros
you will slide you will have slid slide deslizad vosotros
they will slide they will have slid let them slide deslicen ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would slide you would have slid deslizado habiendo deslizado
they would slide they would have slid slid having slid
114 Stanley
SLING • SLUNG • SLUNG
TIRARr LANZARf ARROJAR, AVENTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would sling you would have slung arrojado habiendo arrojado
they would sling they would have slung slung having slung
Stanley 115
SLINK - SLUNK • SLUNK
ESCABULLIRSE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will slink he/she/it will have slunk let him/her/it slink escabulla el/ella/ello
we shall/will slink we shall/will have slunk let us (let's) slink escabullamos nosotros
you will slink you will have slunk slink escabullid vosotros
they will slink they will have slunk let them slink escabullan ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
C o n d i t i o n a l lnfinitive
Perfect Infinitive
escabullir haber escabullido
Present Perfect
to slink to have slunk
me escabulliria me habria escabullido
Gerund Perfect Gerund
I should/would slink I should/would have slunk
escabullendo habiendo escabullido
you would slink you would have slunk
Slinkin9 having slunk
he/she/it would slink he/she/it would have slunk
we should/would slink we should/would have slunk Participle Perfect Participle
you would slink you would have slunk escabullido habiendo escabullido
they would slink they would have slunk slunk having slunk
116 Stanley
SLIT - SLIT - SLIT
CORTAR, RAJAR, DEGOLLAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would slit you would have slit rajado habiendo rajado
they would slit they would have slit slit having slit
Stanley 117
SMELL • SMELLED/SMELT • SMELLED/SMELT
OLER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
118 Stanley
SMITE • SMOTE - SMITTEN
GOLPEAR, ATORMENTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 119
SOW • SOWED • SOWN
SEMBRAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
120 Stanley
SPEAK • SPOKE • SPOKEN
HABLAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 121
SPEED • SPEEDED/SPED • SPEEDED/SPED
ACELERAR, COHDUCIR RAPIDO, IR DEPRISA
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
122 Stanley
SPELL - SPELLED/SPELT • SPELLED/SPELT
DELETKEAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
C o n d i t i o n a l I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 123
SPEND • SPENT - SPENT
PASAR, GASTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
124 Stanley
SPILL • SPILLED/SPILT - SPILLED/SPILT
DERRAMAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
they would spill they would have spilled/spilt spilled/spilt having spilled/spilt
Stanley 125
SPIN • SPAN/SPUN • SPUN
GIRAR, HACER GIRAR, CENTRIFUGAR, HILAH
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
126 Stanley
SPIT • SPAT • SPAT
ESCUPIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 127
SPLIT • SPLIT • SPLIT
PARTIR, REPARTIR, ESCINDIR, DIVIDIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will split he/she/it will have split let him/her/it split parta e//e//a/e//o
we shall/will split we shall/will have split let us (let's) split partamos nosotros
you will split you will have split split partid vosotros
they will split they will have split let them split partan e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would split you would have split part/do habiendo partido
they would split they would have split split having split
128 Stanley
SPOIL • SPOILED/SPOILT • SPOILED/SPOILT
ECHAR A PERDER, ESTROPEAR, ARRUINAR, CONSENTIR, MALCRIAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Stanley 129
SPREAD • SPREAD • SPREAD
ESPARCIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
130 Stanley
SPRING • SPRANG • SPRUNG
SALTAR, SURCIR, BROTAR, NACER, BRINCAR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would spring you would have sprung saltado habiendo saltado
they would spring they would have sprung sprung having sprung
Stanley 131
STAND • STOOD • STOOD
ESTAR, PONEIt (DE PIE), RESIST IK, INCORPORARSE.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will stand he/she/it will have stood let him/her/it stand incorpore el/ella/ello
we shall/will stand we shall/will have stood let us (let's) stand incorporemos nosotros
you will stand you will have stood stand incorporad vosotros
they will stand they will have stood let them stand incorporen ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
132 Stanley
STEAL • STOLE • STOLEN
ROBAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 133
STICK • STUCK • STUCK
PEGAR, ADHERIR. COLOCAR, ATASCAR(SE), AGUANTAR, SOPORTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will stick he/she/it will have stuck let him/her/it stick pegue el/ella/ello
we shall/will stick we shall/will have stuck let us (let's) stick peguemos nosotros
you will stick you will have stuck stick pegad vosotros
they will stick they will have stuck let them stick peguen ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
134 Stanley
STING • STUNG • STUNG
PICAR • MORDER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 135
STINK • STANK • STUNK
APESTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
we shall/will stink we shall/will have stunk let us (let's) stink apestemos nosotros
you will stink you will have stunk stink apestad vosotros
they will stink they will have stunk let them stink apesf.cn ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
136 Stanley
STREW • STREWED • STREWED/STREWN
ESPARCIR, DERRAMAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
Present Perfect
esparcir haber esparcido
esparciria habria esparcido
to strew to have strewed/strewn
I should/would strew I should/would have strewed/
strewn Gerund Perfect Gerund
you would strew you would have strewed/strewn
esparciendo habiendo esparcido
he/she/it would strew he/she/it would have strewed/
strewn strewing having strewed/strewn
we should/would we should/would have strewed/ Participle Perfect Participle
strew strewn
you would strew you would have strewed/strewn esparcido habiendo esparcido
they would strew they would have strewed/strewn strewed/strewn having strewed/strewn
Stanley 137
STRIDE • STRODE STRIDDEN
DAK ZANCADAS
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
daba/di zancadas habia/hube dado zancadas diera o diese hubiera o hubiese dado
I strode I had stridden zancadas zancadas
you strode you had stridden I strode I had stridden
he/she/it strode he/she/it had stridden you strode you had stridden
we strode we had stridden he/she/it strode he/she/it had stridden
you strode you had stridden we strode we had stridden
they strode they had stridden you strode you had stridden
they strode they had stridden
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
138 Stanley
STRIKE • STRUCK - STRUCK
GOLPEAR • HACER HUELGA
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would strike you would have struck go/peado habiendo go/peado
they would strike they would have struck struck having struck
Stanley 139
STRING • STRUNG • STRUNG
PONER CUERDAS, ENCORDAR, COLCAR, ENSARTAR, ENHEBRAR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
ponia/puse cuerda habia/hube puesto cuerda pus/era o pusiese hubiera o hubiese puesto
I strung I had strung cuerda cuerda
you strung you had strung I strung I had strung
he/she/it strung he/she/it had strung you strung you had strung
we strung we had strung he/she/it strung he/she/it had strung
you strung you had strung we strung we had strung
they strung they had strung you strung you had strung
they strung they had strung
you will string you will have strung string pon cuerda tu
he/she/it will string he/she/it will have strung let him/her/it string ponga cuerda el/ella/ello
we shall/will string we shall/will have strung let us (let's) string pongamos cuerda nosotros
you will string you will have strung string poned cuerda vosotros
they will string they will have strung let them string pongan cuerda e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would string you would have strung puesto cuerda habiendo puesto cuerda
they would string they would have strung strung having strung
140 Stanley
STRIVE - STROVE • STRIVEN
ESFORZARSE, LUCHAR POR ALGO.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 141
SWEAR • SWORE - SWORN
JURAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
they will swear they will have sworn let them swear juren ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would swear you would have sworn jurado habiendo jurado
they would swear they would have sworn sworn having sworn
142 Stanley
SWEEP • SWEPT • SWEPT
BARRER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 143
SWELL • SWELLED - SWOLLEN
HINCHAR, INFLAMAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
we shall/will swell we shall/will have swollen let us (let's) swell inflamemos nosotros
you will swell you will have swollen swell inflamad vosotros
they will swell they will have swollen let them swell inflamen ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would swell you would have swollen inflamado habiendo inflamado
they would swell they would have swollen swollen having swollen
144 Stanley
SWIM • SWAM • SWUM
NADAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 145
SWING - SWUNG • SWUNG
COLUMPIARSE, COLGAR, BALANCEARSE
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will swing he/she/it will have swung let him/her/it swing co/ump/e el/ella/ello
we shall/will swing we shall/will have swung let us (let's) swing columpiemos nosotros
you will swing you will have swung swing co/ump/ad vosotros
they will swing they will have swung let them swing co/ump/en e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would swing you would have swung co/ump/ado habiendo co/ump/ado
they would swing they would have swung swung having swung
146 Stanley
TAKE - TOOK • TAKEN
COGER, TOMAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would take you would have taken cog/do habiendo cog/do
they would take they would have taken taken having taken
Stanley 147
TEACH • TAUGHT • TAUGHT
ENSENAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
they will teach they will have taught let them teach ensenen ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
148 Stanley
TEAR - TORE • TORN
DESGARRAR, ARRANCAR, RASGAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would tear you would have torn desgarrado habiendo desgarrado
they would tear they would have torn torn having torn
Stanley 149
TELL • TOLD • TOLD
DECIR, CONTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will tell he/she/it will have told let him/her/it tell diga el/ella/ello
we shall/will tell we shall/will have told let us (let's) tell digamos nosotros
you will tell you will have told tell decid vosotros
they will tell they will have told let them tell digan ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
150 Stanley
THINK • THOUGHT • THOUGHT
PENSAR, CREER
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
they will think they will have thought let them think crean ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would think you would have thought ere/do habiendo ere/do
they would think they would have thought thought having thought
Stanley 151
THRIVE • THROVE/THRIVED • THRIVEN
PROSPERAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
C o n d i t i o n a l I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
152 Stanley
THROW • THREW • THROWN
ARROJAR • TIRAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would throw you would have thrown arrojado habiendo arrojado
they would throw they would have thrown thrown having thrown
Stanley 153
THRUST • THRUST - THRUST
CLAVAR • INSERTAR • EMPUJAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will thrust he/she/it will have thrust let him/her/it thrust clave el/ella/ello
we shall/will thrust we shall/will have thrust let us (let's) thrust clavemos nosotros
you will thrust you will have thrust thrust clavad vosotros
they will thrust they will have thrust let them thrust claven ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
154 Stanley
TREAD - TROD • TRODDEN
PISAR • APISONAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 155
WAKE • WOKE • WOKEN
DESPERTAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
156 Stanley
WEAR • WORE • WORN
LLEVAR PUESTO
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 157
WEAVE • WOVE • WOVEN
TEJER, HILAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
we shall/will weave we shall/will have woven let us (let's) weave tejamos nosotros
you will weave you will have woven weave tejed vosotros
they will weave they will have woven let them weave tejan ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
Present Perfect
tejer haber tejido
tejeria habria tejido to weave to have woven
I should/would weave I should/would have woven Gerund Perfect Gerund
you would weave you would have woven habiendo tejido
tejiendo
he/she/it would weave he/she/it would have woven weaving having woven
we should/would we should/would have
Participle Perfect Participle
weave woven
you would weave you would have woven tejido habiendo tejido
they would weave they would have woven woven having woven
158 Stanley
WEEP - WEPT • WEPT
SOLLOZAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would weep you would have wept sollozado habiendo sollozado
they would weep they would have wept wept having swept
Stanley 159
WIN - WON • WON
GANAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
160 Stanley
WIND • WOUND • WOUND
ENROSCAR ' ENROLLAR • DEVANAR * OVILLAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
you would wind you would have wound enrollado habiendo enrollado
they would wind they would have wound wound having wound
Stanley 161
WRING • WRUNG - WRUNG
RETORCER • ESTRUJAR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
162 Stanley
WRITE • WROTE • WRITTEN
ESCRIBIR
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Stanley 163
AUXILIARYOR MODALS
BE • WAS - BEEN
SER, ESTAR.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will be he/she/it will have been let him/her/it be sea/este el/ella/ello
they will be they will have been let them be sean/esten ellos
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
164 Stanley
AUXILIARY OR MODALS
CAN/BE ABLE TO
PODER
I n d i c a t i v e u b j u n c t i v e
C o n d i t i o n a l
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Present Perfect
podr/a habria pod/do Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
I could/would be I should/would have been
poder haber pod/do
able to able to
you could/would be you would have been able to to be able to have been able
able to Gerund Perfect Gerund
he could/would be able to he would have been able to
we could/would be we should/would have been pud/endo habiendo pod/do
able to able to being able having been able
you could/would be you would have been Participle Perfect Participle
able to able to
they could/would be they would have been pod/do habiendo pod/do
able to able to been able having been able
Stanley 165
A U X I L I A R Y O R MODALS
HAVE - HAD • HAD
TENER, TOMAR
I n d i c a t i v e u b j u n c t i v e
he/she/it will have he/she/it will have had let him/her/it have tengae//e//a/e//o
we shall/will have we shall/will have had let us (let's) have tengamos nosotros
you will have you will have had have fened vosotros
they will have they will have had let them have e//os
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
166 Stanley
AUXILIARY OR MODALS
MAY - MIGHT
PODER
I n d i c a t i v e u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
Stanley 167
A U X I L I A R Y O R MODALS
MUST
DEBO, TENGO QUE.
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
C o n d i t i o n a l
Conditional Infinitive Perfect Infinitive
deber haber debido
Present Perfect
to have to to have had
deberia habria debido Gerund Perfect Gerund
I should/would have to I should/would have had to
debiendo habiendo debido
you would have to you would have had to
having to having had
he/she/it would have to he/she/it would have had to
we should/would have to we should/would have had to Participle Perfect Participle
you would have to you would have had to debido habiendo debido
they would have to they would have had to had to having had
168 Stanley
AUXILIARY OR MODALS
OUGHT TO
DEBERIA
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
Present
NO HAY NO HAY
Perfect
deberia deberia haber/tener
Gerund Perfect Gerund
I ought to I ought to have
you ought to you ought to have
NO HAY NO HAY
he/she/it ought to he/she/it ought to have
we ought to we ought to have Participle Perfect Participle
you ought to you ought to have NO HAY NO HAY
they ought to they ought to have
Stanley 169
A U X I L I A R Y OR MODALS
SHOULD
DEBERlA
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
170 Stanley
IMPE RS O N A L
THERE TO
THERE TO BE
BE
HABER (IMPERSONAL)
I n d i c a t i v e S u b j u n c t i v e
I m p e r s o n a l f o r m s
haber
Present Perfect
there to be
habria habria Gerund Perfect Gerund
there would be there would have been
habiendo habiendo habido
there being there having been
Participle Perfect Participle
habiendo habido
there having been
tanley 171
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