SEMANTIC

REFERENCE AND REFERRING EXPRESSIONS

Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Tugas Kelompok Semester 5 Pada Mata Kuliah
Semantic Jurusan Tarbiyah prodi Tadris Bahasa Inggris

Oleh

Kelompok 1

SULPADLI ALI 02164129

MUHAMMAD YUSUF 02164142

AHMAD FADIL N 02164145

INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI (IAIN)

WATAMPONE

2018/2019
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

And Praise God we pray to Allah SWT, because thanks to His grace and
guidance we can finish this paper on time. The paper is titled "Translation". The paper
is structured to meet one task subjects Translation.

We need to distinguish three terms: referring expression, referent, and way of

referring. Uncle Fred and that canary are obviously different referring expressions and
have different referents when used in utterances. Lake Ontario and a lake are different
referring expressions with different kinds of referent; one referent, Lake Ontario, is
unique and the referring expression, Lake Ontario, always refers to that referent; the
other referring expression, a lake, can have different referents in different utterances.
A canary, the canary, this canary and our canary are different referring expressions
with possibly the same referent but they refer in different ways. This paper entitled is
“REFERENCE’

Therefore, we welcome any suggestions and constructive criticism for the

perfection of this paper. Any shortcomings and errors are coming from the author
himself personally, and all the absolute

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDMENT.......................................................................................................................i

TABLE OF CONTENTS..............................................................................................................ii

CHAPTER I

1. Referents and referring expressions ..............................................................................1

2. Extension and intension.................................................................................................2
3. Some different kinds of referents..................................................................................3
a) Unique and non-unique referents.......................................................................3
b) Concrete and abstract referents..........................................................................4
c) Countable and non-countable referents.............................................................4
4. Different ways of referring............................................................................................5
a) Generic and non-generic reference ...................................................................6
b) Specific and non-specific reference...................................................................7
c) Definite and indefinite reference.......................................................................8
d) Deixis.................................................................................................................9
e) Anaphora..........................................................................................................10
f) Shifts in ways of referring................................................................................13
g) Referential ambigiuty.......................................................................................14

CHAPTER II......................................................................................................................15

CONCLUSION.....................................................................................................................15

REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................17

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