CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of Study

Language as a means of communication is an important element of

education, a language can uses for expressing their ideas, thoughts, feeling,

and mind people. Therefore, the use of foreign languages is needed as a

global communication tool in control of communication technologies or

communication directly. Additionally, (Valoes, 2014) states that the ability

to communicate in multiple languages is becoming more and more

important in the increasingly integrated global business community.

English is an international language in the world. As an International

language, English has become part and parcel of existing field. People uses

English in the business field, science, information technology, economic,

tourism, entertainment and so on. In order to master a language there are

four skills you need to focus on: listening, reading, speaking and writing.

According to consider of four skills

Speaking is one of the four basic competences, Speaking is a skill which

deserves much attention as much as other language skills are concerned and

that should be mastered beside listening, reading and writing. Speaking is

not easy as imagined it can be classify as difficult and complicated language

skills especially speaking in a foreign language. (Abbaspour, 2016) stated

that Learners of English as a foreign language, in countries where English

is not widely spoken outside the classroom, often build a substantial

knowledge about the language through study of its grammar and

vocabulary, but have difficulty in developing oral proficiency because they

lack exposure to the language, and experience using it. It is not easy to make

students use English in communication because For EFL students,

confidence and fluency are probably the main talking problems they face.

In fact, in countries where English is not widely used outside classrooms

like Indonesia, most English teachers do not always make speaking skills a

top priority with other skills such as writing and reading because they are

considered more important. In nowadays, speaking skill needed to be able

to communicate with other people in the language to explain their ideas and

thoughts, or just to be polite conversation. However, making mistakes when

speaking is common in part of the learning process, especially for EFL

students because of the language habit in mother tongue is very different of

English. For that reason, it is important to hone students’ speaking skills

with more interesting, fun, that can support students’ able on learning

English, the teachers need a media that can help it and it will give an

important knowledge to students to increase their speaking skill to be more

confident and not be a passive learner in speaking English anymore. And

for teachers, they will find out how far of students' skills in speaking English

and is their teaching strategies especially in practice speaking skill by

Kamishibai media as a support tools is success or not.

 Based on the reason above, the researcher is interested on developing

students’ speaking material by using Kamishibai speaking skill as a media

learning.

B. Objective of the Study

As state at the background of the study, it could be seen that the essential

problem is the unavailability of material which can support the teaching-

learning process of speaking skill which can be easily

By the students’ so, the objective of the study is to develop the material

of Kamishibai (card-story) at Junior High school, with the tasks and that

enable the students to develop their knowledge and speaking skills through

Kamishibai (card-story). For this reason, the researcher put some card-story

in this product so that it can be used as the reference for the students to

produce their speaking skill. It also become a good reference for the

researcher in explaining English speaking skill theoretically and practically,

C. Significance of the Material Development

This development is intended to effective way for researchers in

teaching speaking using Kamishibai as well as for the students in learning

it. The researcher can use the final product of this study i.e. course book, as

a reference in teaching speaking skill. The material enables the researcher

to facilitate the students with the activities that encourage them to relate the

lesson to the context in the daily conversation. It is hoped that by making

this connection, the students can improve their speaking ability certainly by

having a Kamishibai as a media. For the eighth grader at MTsN Berau, the
 final product of the study will be an advantageous contribution related to

the curriculum component.

D. Delimitation of the Study

The researcher is done this study with the assumption that availability

of the proposal material, which is developed based on the Curriculum Based

Syllabus, will be able to improve the students’ competence in the mastery

of English Speaking Skills. The researcher limited the material for Eighth

Grader at MTsN Berau. The materials was only directed at the Kamishibai

as a media in English speaking skill communication, topic especially the

narrative text and Folk card-story.

This study was conducted based on educational Research and

Development design or (R&D) model by Borg and Gall (2003) which is

consists of set of steps to develop a new educational product.

E. Specification of the Product

This study was intended to provide the materials which would be able

to improve the students’ competence in the mastery of English speaking

skill. The product was presented in Kamishibai Media. The special feature

of the product is that it is completed with some pictures, audio, and gesture

demonstrations. The audio and gesture demonstration can be used by the

learners to imitate the speech sound. This material was more appropriate to

be used in MTsN Berau as some of the students still have lack abilities in

understanding English. This developed the material was presented in a

 simple language so that the students can understand the material easily. It

was also completed with some exercises which can support the students

learning process.

F. Definition of Key Terms

The following are some terms used in this study that needs to be defined

in order to avoid misunderstanding.

 Material development in present study is the process of developing the

materials of speaking skill practice based on the needs and interest of

the students of MTsN Berau and it is restricted used for eighth grader

students’.

 Material in this study refers to the Kamishibai Japanese card-story

locally made for students’ to facilitate in teaching speaking skill. It

covers, some topics, those are problems in speaking skill

communication, intonation and fluency.

 Kamishibai is an old traditional storytelling in Japan that used paper

pictures card. Kamishibai is like PowerPoint storytellers change “slides”

or “story” card as they make presentations. In presents study, the

researcher uses this media to develop the material of speaking skill

practice for the eighth grader students’ at MTsN Berau.