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Hibbeler
ll bb l
Ch
Chapter 6: Bending
6 B di
Shear Force And Bending Moment
Objectives:
Determine the stress in these members caused byy
bending.
To establish the shear and moment diagram (SMD) –
SMD provide a useful means for determining the
largest shear and moment in a member, and they
specify where these maximum occur
occur.
Shear and Moment Diagrams
Members with support loadings applied perpendicular
to their longitudinal axis are called beams.
beams
Beams classified according to the way they are
supported.
supported
Chapter 6: Bending
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Types of Loadings
Chapter 6: Bending
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Determine the value of shear force and bending moment
at a cross section 0.5 m to the right of point A and B.
Example 1
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown.
Chapter 6: Bending
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Example 2
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown
shown.
Example 3
g
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown.
Example 4
g moment diagrams
Sketch the shear force and bending g for
the beam shown below.
Graphical Method
Why graphical Method?
w(x)dx and V dx
represent differential areas
under distributed loading
and shear diagram dM
respectively V
dx
For area under C and D:
ΔV = - ∫w(x)dx
Change in shear = - area ΔM = - ∫V(
∫V(x)dx,
) ,
under distributed loading Change in moment =area under shear diagram
B. Regions of concentrated force and moment
FBD of a small segment under
concentrated force,
+ ΣFy = 0, V – F - (V + ΔV) = 0
ΔV = - F
(Note:
(N t If F actt downwards,
d d ΔV iis –ve, shear
h
will jump downward)
Moment:
+ ΣMo = 0, M + ΔM – Mo – VΔx – M = 0
For Δx 0, ΔM = Mo
(Note: If Mo is applied CW, ΔM is +ve, so
the moment diagram will jump upward
upward.
Likewise, when Mo acts CCW, the jump ΔM
will be downward)
Some common loading, shear and moment diagram
N
o
t
t
o
b
e
m
e
m
o
r
i
z
e
d
Example 1
Draw the shear and moment diagram for the beam shown
Example 2
Draw
D the
th shear
h and
d momentt diagrams
di for
f the
th beam.
b The
Th
bearing at A and B only exert vertical reactions on the
beam.
Example 3
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam.
Example 4
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the
beam and loadingg shown
Example 5
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the
beam and loading shown
Example 6
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the
beam and loading shown
Example 7
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the
beam and loading shown
Example 8
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the
beam and loading shown
Bending Deformation of a Straight Member
Cross section of a straight beam remains plane when the
beam deforms due to bending.
bending
There will be tensile stress on one side and compressive
stress on the other side.
Chapter 6: Bending
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
L it di l strain
Longitudinal t i varies
i linearly
li l from
f zero att the
th neutral
t l axis.
i
Hooke’s law applies when material is homogeneous.
Neutral axis passes through the centroid of the cross-sectional area
for linear-elastic material.
Chapter 6: Bending
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
The Flexure Formula
Resultant moment on the cross section is equal to the
moment produced by the linear normal stress distribution
about the neutral axis.
My
I
σ = normal stress in the member
M = resultant
lt t internal
i t l momentt
I = moment of inertia
y = perpendicular distance from the neutral axis
Chapter 6: Bending
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Example 10
The beam has a rectangular cross section shown
shown. If P = 1
1.5
5 kN,
kN
determine the maximum bending stress in the beam
Chapter 6: Bending
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Example 11
g
If the beam has a rectangular cross section with a width 200 mm
and a height 400 mm, determine the absolute maximum bending
stress in the beam
Chapter 6: Bending
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Example 12
The simply supported beam has the cross sectional area as shown
cross-sectional shown.
Determine the absolute maximum bending stress in the beam and draw
the stress distribution over the cross section at this location.
Chapter 6: Bending
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd