UNIT 1

“My Guide to Nutrition”

Aims:
- Students are able to explain the meaning and functions of Nutrition.
- Students are able to read and comprehend the text.
- Students are able to differentiate part of speech in the sentences.

Warming Up:
Discuss with your classmates to answer the questions below!

1. What is nutrition?
2. What is a nutrient?
3. What role does physical health play into nutrition?
4. What role does Culture play into nutrition?
5. What role does one’s environment play into nutrition?
6. What role does one’s emotion play into nutrition?
7. During your life when is nutrition important?
8. Is nutrition important to teenagers? Why or Why not?
9. How has your culture and family influenced your food habits?

10. Compare your food habits with those of a friend. Give a few reasons why there might be
differences in habits.

Activity 1: Read the text carefully!

More Food Choice More Food Decision

Every year US consumers have more variety and more new foods from which to
choose. About twenty thousand new foods and drinks are introduced yearly, according to the
USDA Economic Research Service, yet only a small percentage survive. And the average
store stocks more than 42,000 items, according to the Food Marketing Institute.
Why not keep the status quo instead of introducing new foods every year? Changes
in consumer demand and flavor preferences are the main reasons. For consumers, taste tops
the list, notes 2016 consumer surveys from the International Food Information Council
Foundation (IFIC), followed by price, healthfulness, convenience, and for many,
sustainability (a term with no universal definition).
More food choices mean more to learn, more decisions to make, and more ways to
eat for health. Today, you have options like these:
 More local and regional foods. If you’re committed to local food, call yourself a
locavore! Local food is generally grown or produced close to where it’s purchased,
 perhaps in the same state or closer; “local” isn’t a defined and regulated term—and it’s
not necessarily from a small or organic farm.
Because it’s closer in proximity, seasonal produce may be picked at the peak of ripeness.
It may not be available all year long, so eating local means eating with the season.
Supporting local and regional farmers’ markets and agriculture offers a chance to
explore foods from your region and perhaps reduce your carbon footprint.
 More organic foods and more foods marketed as “GMO-free,” ‘pesticide-free,” or
“hormone-free.”
 More food marketed as environmentally friendly. Increasingly, environmental
responsibility from farm to store is part of the business bottom line. You’re likely to see
more marketing that deems the food “clean” or “sustainable” these days—although
there’s no regulated definition for either term.
 More varieties of vegetables and fruits. Produce departments, as well as the grocery and
frozen-food aisles—stock a greater variety year-round, including exotics, tropicals, and
different varietals. For example, a potato isn’t just a potato anymore; it may be a Yukon
Gold, a purple, or a fingerling. Depending on the season, a peach may be a Babcock, a
doughnut, or a Honey Baby, and a water melon may be an icebox Sugar Baby, a seedless
Crimson, or a picnic Jubilee. See “Vegetables: Have You Tried These” and “Fruit:
What’s New to You?”.
 More grain varieties (including whole, ancient, and sprouted grains, nuts, and seeds. For
example, bread choices have shifted to more coarse-textured and dense whole-grain
breads made with ancient grains. Breakfast cereals are made with amaranth, barley,
kamut, and more, not just corn, oats, or wheat; pasta may be made with farro, quinoa, or
spelt. And chia seeds, flaxseeds, and hemp seeds are finding their way into many food
products. See “Grains, Grains, and More Grains”
 More fish options: Fresh and frozen, wild-caught and farm-raised fish have found their
way to supermarkets and specialty stores.
 More simple, fresh, and raw foods. Supermarkets from coast to coast are expanding the
variety of fresh, raw vegetables and fruits they carry. They also offer more “just-baked”
breads, “freshly caught” fish, and even “made-to-order” sushi. Farmers’ markets and
specialty stores present similar and even more choices.
 More convenience, too. You can buy restaurant-style take-out to eat at home, steamed-
to-order shellfish, and made-to-order wraps. Fresh bagged salad and stir-fry mixes, as
 well as meal kits and marinated ready-to-cook roasts and chicken breasts, are among
items that just need assembly or simple cooking or heating. The freezer section is full of
frozen skillet meals, bean burritos, and vegetarian lasagna and prepared items.
 More nutrition- and health-focused products. Traditional foods have been modified as
consumers become increasingly health aware. That includes new and leaner cuts of meat;
dairy and other foods with probiotics for gut health; foods made with chia seeds, or soy
or whey protein for a protein boost; and myriad gluten-free products for those with celiac
disease.
 More flavor and taste adventure —and more ethnic and specialty foods. Growing food
experiences and sophistication have brought more gourmet, artisan, and ethnic foods to
mainstream stores. Just consider the many flavored vinegars and oils as well as
condiments such as wasabi mustard and Sriracha catsup on today’s store shelves.

Activity 2: Find out the meaning of words below!

Research : Sustainable :
Percentage : Grocery :
Average : Varieties :
Survive : Expanding :
Convenience : Assembly :
Sustainability : Coast :
Grown : Myriad :
Produced : Disease :
Purchased : Sophistication :
Responsibility : Mainstream :

Activity 3: Answer the questions based on the text!

1. How many varieties and new foods do the customers have to choose every year in
US?
2. What is meant by local food based on the text?
3. What does IFIC stand for? What did IFIC find in 2016?
4. What is meant by organic food?
5. Why do people buy vegetables and fruits in the supermarket rather than in the
traditional market?
6. Can you find the new varieties of vegetables and fruits in your country? Give the
examples!
7. From the options above, which one do you prefer? Why?
 Parts of Speech Table

part of function or "job" example words example sentences

speech
Verb action or state (to) be, have, do, EnglishClub is a web site.
like, work, sing, I like EnglishClub.
can, must
Noun thing or person pen, dog, work, This is my dog. He lives
music, town, in my house. We live in
London, teacher, London.
John
Adjective describes a noun good, big, red, well, My dogs are big. I like
interesting big dogs.
Determiner limits or "determines" a/an, the, 2, some, I have two dogs and
a noun many some rabbits.
Adverb describes a verb, quickly, silently, My dog eats quickly.
adjective or adverb well, badly, very, When he is very hungry,
really he eats really quickly.
Pronoun replaces a noun I, you, he, she, some Tara is Indian. She is
beautiful.
Preposition links a noun to another to, at, after, on, but We went to school on
word Monday.
Conjunction joins clauses or and, but, when I like dogs and I like
sentences or words cats. I like cats and dogs.
I like dogs but I don't
like cats.
Interjection short exclamation, oh!, ouch!, hi!, well Ouch! That hurts! Hi!
sometimes inserted How are you? Well, I
into a sentence don't know.

* Some grammar sources traditionally categorize English into 8 parts of speech. Other say
10. At EnglishClub, we use the more recent categorization of 9 parts of speech. Examples
of other categorizations are:

 Verbs may be treated as two different parts of speech:

o lexical Verbs (work, like, run)
o auxiliary Verbs (be, have, must)
 Determiners may be treated as adjectives, instead of being a separate part of speech.

Activity 4: Decide which parts of speech are the underlined words.

1. You have to believe in yourself if you ever expect to be successful at something.

2. We left for the mountain just before six in the morning.
3. We first went to the store to buy a few things.
4. We had a breakfast at a café near the rail station.
5. My friend wasn't strong enough to lift his heavy rucksack.
6. I helped him carry it.
7. The weather was very cold.
8. My friend said, "Oh! What a cold weather!"
9. We didn't spend the night there.
10. We got back home late at night but we didn't go to sleep immediately. We were very
hungry.
11. Steve can play the trumpet.
12. Do you like dogs?
13. They listen to music every day.
14. She is an old lady.
15. The group went climbing in the mountains.
16. This is a fast car.
17. He did well in the test.
18. My father drives carefully.
19. Has your father ever been to Australia?
20. The play was fantastic.