Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)

Lab Project -2
Report

Center for Advanced Studies in Electronic

Sciences and Technology
​ Gaddala Babu Rao

18PIMT03
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

Table of contents :
1. Question 1
1.1Characteristics of NMOS
​1.1.1​ ​g​m​ vs W/L
1.1.2 g​m​ vs I​D
1.1.3 g​m​ vs Vgs ​ ​-V​tn
1.2Characteristics of PMOS
​ ​1.2.1​ ​g​m​ vs W/L
1.2.2 g​m​ vs I​D
1.2.3 g​m​ vs Vsg ​ ​-V​tp
​ 2.Question 2
​2.1 g​mb​ variation w.r.t V​BS​ for NMOS
2.2​ ​g​mb​ ​variation w.r.t V​SB​ ​for PMOS
3. Question 3
3.1.1 R​on ​ with respect to W/L ratio for NMOS
3.1.2 R​on ​ with respect to Overdrive voltage For NMOS
3.2.1 R​on ​ with respect to W/L ratio for PMOS
3.2.2 R​on ​ with respect to Overdrive voltage For PMOS
4. Question 4
Common source Amplifier with Resistive load
4.1 The calculated and simulated g​m​ and g​mb​ and r​o
​ 4.2​ ​Gain calculated from graph
4.3 VTC Curve
4.4 Frequency response of the Amplifier
5. Conclusion
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

Abstract: ​The purpose of simulations is to understand the variation of g​m​ with

respect to Aspect ratio, Drain current and Overdrive voltage for both NMOS and
PMOS by using gpdk 1.8 V 180nm technology. To observe the variation of g​mb
with respect to body to source voltage in both NMOS and PMOS.Along with these
How the R​on ​ is varying with aspect ratio, overdrive voltage for both NMOS and
PMOS. To study Common source amplifier with resistive load ,it’s behaviour,
gain,3-dB bandwidth and unity gain frequency Through simulations.
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

1.Question 1

1.1 Characteristics of NMOS​: Transconductance is given by

​ 1.1.1​ ​gm
​ ​ vs W/L

SL No Transconductance (g​m​) in W/L Aspect Ratio

μmho

1 1007.61 11.11

2 972.372 10

3 938.54 9.090

4 906.291 8.33
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant when the transconductance is

increases with increasing the W/L ratio values.

​ ​ vs ID​
1.1.2 gm

Sl no Transconductance (g​m​) in μmho I​D​ in mA

1 1007.61 1.1922

2 972.372 1.12662

3 938.54 1.06757

4 906.291 1.01421
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant when the transconductance is

increases with increasing the drain current values.

​ ​ vs V​gs​-Vtn
1.1.3 gm ​

Sl no Transconductance (g​m​) in μmho V​gs​-V​tn

1 1007.61 1.25713

2 972.372 1.265422

3 938.54 1.271871

4 906.291 1.277032
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant when the transconductance is

decreases with increasing the Overdrive voltage values.

1.2Characteristics of PMOS​:

​1.2.1 g​m​ vs W/L

SL No Transconductance (g​m​) in W/L Aspect Ratio

μmho

1 317.912 11.11

2 278.149 10

3 247.216 9.090

4 222.469 8.33

5 202.224 7.69
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant when the transconductance is

increases with increasing the W/L ratio values

1.2.2 g​m​ vs I​D

Sl no Transconductance |I​D​| in μA
(g​m​) in μmho

1 317.912 89.7828

2 278.149 78.859

3 247.216 70.279

4 222.469 63.3714

5 202.224 57.695
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant when the transconductance is

increases with increasing the drain current values

​1.2.3​ ​g​m​ vs Vgs

​ -V
​ ​
tn

Sl no Transconductance (g​m​) in μmho V​SG​-|V​tp​|

1 317.912 1.2151

2 278.149 1.224761

3 247.216 1.232165

4 222.469 1.238011

5 202.224 1.242744
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant when the transconductance is

increases with decreasing the overdrive voltage values.

Q) 2.
2.1 g​mb​ ​variation w.r.t V​BS​ :

For NMOS
Sl no g​mb​ in micro mho V​BS

1 297.087 0

2 126.089 0.45

3 22.54 0.9

4 0 1.35

5 0 1.8
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping other parameters constants g​mb​ will decreases with increasing the V​BS
values

2.2 g​mb​ ​variation w.r.t V​SB

For PMOS
Sl no g​mb ​ in micro mho V​SB

1 170.568 0

2 91.7911 0.45

3 62.7623 0.9

4 54.0953 1.35

5 44.6728 1.8
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

As keeping other parameters constant g​mb ​ decreases with increasing V​SB​ values.

Q) 3. R​on ​ with respect to W/L and Overdrive voltage

​ vs
3.1.1 ​Ron ​ W/L for NMOS

Sl no R​on ​ in ㏀ W/L Aspect Ratio

1 1.50993 11.11

2 1.5978 10

3 1.68615 9.090

4 1.77483 8.33
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant when the R​ON​ is increases with
decreasing the W/L ratio values

3.1.2 R​on vs
​ V​gs​-V​tn

Sl no R​on ​ in ㏀ V​gs​-V​tn

1 1.50993 1.25713

2 1.5978 1.265422

3 1.68615 1.271871

4 1.77483 1.277032
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant the R​ON​ is increases with increasing
the overdrive voltage values
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

Calculation Of R​on

3.2 For PMOS

​ vs
​3.2.1​Ron ​ W/L

SL No R​on ​ in ㏀ W/L Aspect Ratio

1 20.0484 11.11

2 22.8255 10

3 25.6122 9.090

4 28.404 8.33

5 31.1985 7.69
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant when the R​ON​ is increases with
decreasing the W/L ratio values

3.2.2 R​on ​vs VSG

​ -|V
​ ​ ​|
tp

SL No R​on ​ in ㏀ V​SG​-|V​tp​|

1 20.0484 1.2151

2 22.8255 1.224761

3 25.6122 1.232165

4 28.404 1.238011

5 31.1985 1.242744
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

By keeping the other parameters constant when the R​ON​ is increases with
decreasing the W/L ratio values

4.CS Amplifier with resistive load:

​C
​ ommon source amplifier with resistive load and the power dissipation is
1.8 milli watt and the drain current is 1 milli ampere.
P​dis​=1.8 mW,
I​D​= 1 mA and Vdd=1.8 V
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

Schematic diagram of Common Source Amplifier with Resistive load

 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

4.1) The calculated and simulated g​m​ and g​mb​ ​:

 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

4.2)Gain calculated from graph:

Fig. Transient Response of Amplifier

 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

4.3) VTC Curve

Fig. Vin Vs Vout

Observation: ​the voltage swing is maximum i.e is vdd. But the curve is quadratic
in nature.
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

4.4) Frequency response of CS Amplifier:

​Observation: ​ The gain of the chosen amplifier is 7.79dB.

3-dB bandwidth is at 4.39 dB so the 3-dB bandwidth is at 27.0826 GHz.

Unity gain frequency is at gain is 0dB so it is at 28.61 GHz
 Analog and Mixed signal IC Design Laboratory (IC-406)
Lab Project -2

5.Conclusion:
The variation of g​m​ with respect to Aspect ratio, Drain current and Overdrive
voltage for both NMOS and PMOS by using gpdk 1.8 V 180nm technology is
studied.The variation of g​mb​ with respect to body to source voltage in both NMOS
and PMOS observed.R​on ​ is varying with aspect ratio, overdrive voltage for both
NMOS and PMOS are observed and compared both simulated and calculated
values. Common source amplifier with resistive load voltage swing is vdd but
non-linear and gain from the graph and simulated compared.3-dB bandwidth and
unity gain frequency is calculated from the frequency response.