Cross-country pipelines are fairly simple to construct in a linear trench traversing through the Earth.

However, construction becomes more challenging when a pipeline crosses railroad, highway,
waterbodies such as creeks, rivers, lakers or other infrastructure such as foreign pipelines. At this point
in construction, sound engineering design and support is required to construct a successful pipeline
crossing. The crossings are divided into following main groups:

Waterbody Crossings:

Highway/Railroad Crossings:

HDD Crossings: