Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Global Natural
Resources
Strategy
Valuation
Natural Resource markets have been in a five-year bear market and today we believe
offer very attractive valuations. Historically, the strongest natural resource investment
returns occur after long periods of market under-performance ever recorded.1
Low Correlation
Natural Resources tend to exhibit a low correlation with the broad market. The S&P
Natural Resource Stock Index has a 0.59 correlation of monthly total returns with the S&P
500 Index since 1996.1
1
Source: Bloomberg, Goehring & Rozencwajg models FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 4
W H Y N AT U R A L R E S O U R C E S ?
D
Period GSCI S&P Relative
F A to B
49% -13% 62%
B
B to C 5% 13% -8%
C to D
40% 2% 37%
D to E -4% 19% -23%
E to F 19% 0% 19%
C
F to G -16% 7% -23%
E
G Average
A Inflationary
Period
36% -4% 40%
G Average
Deflationar y
Period
-5% 13% -18%
19.0%
17.0%
15.0%
13.0%
11.0%
9.0%
7.0%
5.0%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
If there is one thing We believe the best way We believe that portfolios We seek to deliver top
that defines our Firm, to find value in global of 50 - 70 positions offer quartile performance in
it is our top-quality commodity and natural investors access to our our peer group over a
differentiated research resource markets is when best ideas while mitigating 3 – 5 year time horizon
focused on both prices are depressed, idiosyncratic risks and while simultaneously
the commodity level investors are discouraged, providing diversification. striving to keep our
as well as the specific and financial We are long term investors; expenses and fees in
security level. measurements target range for portfolio the lowest quartile in
are cheap. turnover is 20 - 25% per year. our peer group.
RISK
MANAGEMENT
FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 13
Top-down
COMMODITY
ANALYSIS
We begin with a top-down analysis of various
commodity sectors. We utilize publicly available
data when available, combined with proprietary
databases to create an in-depth supply and
Bottom-up
demand model. SECURITY
We model the cost to bring on new supply, the ANALYSIS
unit economics of existing production, and
trends in the underlying current production base
in an attempt to understand supply dynamics.
RISK
MANAGEMENT
FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 14
Top-down
COMMODITY
ANALYSIS
We compute net asset values ("NAV") for the
commodity producers we look at. Using our
long-term commodity price forecast, we model Bottom-up
current and future expected production profiles,
operating costs and capital spending to SECURITY
approximate a NAV.
ANALYSIS
Our process is largely driven by extensive
fundamental modeling of companies in our
universe, extensive management meetings and
whenever possible, site visits to the projects
in question. PORTFOLIO
We attempt to identify new profitable growth
CONSTRUCTION
projects and compare them against other
investments available in the industry.
RISK
MANAGEMENT
RISK
MANAGEMENT
RISK
MANAGEMENT
Return G&R
+ Diversifier = Global Natural
Enhancer Resources Fund
Alpha
0.8
0.0 -3.0
Since Inception (1/1/92) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Beta
G&R (Net) Bloomberg Commodity TR G&R Global Natural Resources
S&P 500 TR G&R (Net)Strategy (net) Bloomberg Commodity TR S&P 500 TR
Bloomberg Commodity TR
S&P 500 TR
PORTFOLIO CHARACTERISTICS
Portfolio Characteristics - Since Inception 1/1/92 to 6/30/18
Time Period: 1/1/1992 to 6/30/2018 Source Data: Total, Monthly Return Calculation Benchmark: S&P 500 TR USD
Cumulative
Cumulative Annualized Sharpe
Excess Alpha Beta Correlation
Return Return Ratio
Return
1,200.0%
1,000.0%
800.0%
G&R Global Natural Resources Strategy (net)
600.0%
Bloomberg Commodity TR
400.0%
200.0%
0.0%
-200.0%
1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 2018
Since inception, the Strategy has outperformed the commodity index by +1000%.
11.0
9.0
7.0
G&R Global Natural Resources Strategy (net)
5.0 Bloomberg Commodity TR
3.0
1.0
Alpha
-1.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Beta
G&R (Net) Bloomberg Commodity TR
Diversifier
For investors looking for a differentiated return profile relative to their traditional
equity/bond portfolio or real asset portfolio, the G&R Global Natural Resources Strategy
offers extremely attractive diversification benefits.
CO R R E L AT I O N M AT R I X 1/1/08 to 6/30/18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
1. G&R (net) 1.00
2. S&P 500 TR 0.59 1.00
3. MSCI ACWI Ex USA NR USD 0.67 0.89 1.00
4. US Agg Bond TR 0.07 0.05 0.18 1.00
5. Commodities 0.77 0.62 0.71 0.07 1.00
6. Natural Resources 0.89 0.77 0.80 0.04 0.81 1.00
7. REITs 0.35 0.73 0.67 0.31 0.39 0.49 1.00
8. Infrastructure 0.46 0.62 0.59 0.36 0.49 0.53 0.53 1.00
9. MLP 0.58 0.53 0.54 -0.06 0.51 0.63 0.32 0.41 1.00
10. TIPS 0.33 0.27 0.39 0.76 0.35 0.33 0.38 0.42 0.15 1.00
11. CPI 0.17 0.25 0.18 -0.30 0.31 0.19 0.17 0.01 0.29 0.02 1.00
Past performance does not guarantee future results. Please refer to disclosure information at the back of this presentation.
FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 26
Positioning
SECTOR BREAKDOWN+ CO U N T RY B R E A K D O W N + TOP 10 HOLDINGS
4.1% 3.8% 2.4%
5.9% PXD 4.9%
7.2%
7.6% CCJ 4.6%
11%
38% Exploration/Prod.
17% Drillers
Energy Energy
Mining Mining
Agriculture Agriculture
Other
As of 5/31/18, subject to change.
+
Excludes cash position of 1.3%
200,000
150,000
(000 bbl)
100,000
50,000
-50,000
5
8
14
15
15
16
16
17
17
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
2/
2/
2/
2/
2/
2/
2/
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
2/
4/
6/
8/
2/
4/
6/
8/
2/
4/
6/
8/
2/
4/
6/
12
10
12
10
12
10
12
As of 6/30/18; Source: Energy Information Agency
FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 30
THEME: OIL
97
+1.0mm b/d
95 2016 +900k b/d
2015
93 +1.1mm b/d
2014 +800k b/d
91 2012 2013
-300k b/d
+1.7mm b/d
89
+3.3mm b/d
2011
87
2010
85
9 0 0 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 6 6 7 8
200 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 201
07 / 03 / 11 / 07 / 03 / 11 / 07 / 03 / 11 / 07 / 03 / 11 / 07 / 03 /
16
Every additional unit of GDP per capita requires
per (b/person/year)
14
3x more oil for countries in the “tipping-point”
12 than for those that are not, in our opinion.
10
Thailand China and India are both just entering their
Oil Demand
Today
8 “tipping-point” according to our estimations.
Oil Consumption
4 Indonesia
Today
2 China
Today
0
$0 $2,000 $4,000 $6,000 $8,000 $10,000 $12,000 $14,000 $16,000
Real per capita GDP
3500
is set to surge over the coming decade.
in "Tipping
in T"ipping
3000
Our models indicate that while the last commodity
2500 bull-market was largely caused by problems with
(in millions)
2000
1500
People
Source: World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Goehring & Rozencwajg Models
1
"Population in tipping point" is an estimate number of people in the world living between $2000-10000 in real per capita GDP as measured by real USD from
2000 at any moment in time. FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 33
T H E M E : CO P P E R
0
$0 $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000
Real GDP per Capita
1
Source: World Bank, International Monetary Fund, International Copper Study Group, Goehring & Rozencwajg Models.
Chart points represent an annual historical reading of Real GDP per Capita and Total Installed Copper Base for various countries. Total Installed Copper Base is
calculated based upon Goehring & Rozencwajg models and is an attempt to measure the total amount of copper installed in a country, adjusted for depreciation. FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 34
T H E M E : P R E C I O US M E TA LS
160%
The value of US Treasury’s gold holdings has traded
140% Gold radically overvalued in a band between ~20 – 180% of the value of the
120% monetary base. There have been two historical
100% periods of extreme over-valuation: 1938 and 1979.
Similarly there have been two historical periods
80%
of extreme undervaluation: 1971 and 2001.
60%
Gold has been an excellent investment after periods
40%
of undervaluation and a terrible investment after
20% Gold radically undervalued periods of over-valuation, according to our models.
0%
1920
1924
1928
1932
1936
1940
1944
1948
1952
1956
1960
1964
1968
1972
1976
1980
1984
1988
1992
1996
2000
2004
2008
2012
2016
Source: Bloomberg, St. Louis Federal Reserve FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 35
... But An Even Better Opportunity
for Oil Investments
G O L D / O I L R AT I O last 150 years
40.0x
40.00x
MVA
MVA
30.0x
30.00x
(oz/bl)6 mon.
(bbl/oz)
20.0x
20.00x
Ratio
Ratio
10.0x
10.00x
Gold-Oil
Gold-Oil
The ratio is currently at a bullish level that investors rarely see during their lifetime. According to our models, oil
is by far the most critical industrial commodity, while gold is the most important financial commodity. As a result, it
stands to reason that the ratio of these two commodities can offer many valuable insights. Historically our research has
shown when oil is cheap relative to gold, oil and oil-related investments represent excellent investment opportunities.
Over the last 150 years, a gold-to-oil ratio above 30 is exceptionally rare, occuring only when sentiment is incredibly
negative and oil prices are extraordinarily depressed. In the post-World War II environment, every time this ratio
surpasses 30 (or even 25), it has been a great opportunity to buy oil and oil related investments in our opinion.
As of 6/30/18; Source: Bloomberg, Energy Information Agency FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 36
OUR
RESEARCH
in ACTION
Introduction
Chart 1: 100 Years of Commodity Valuation
(1) Goldman Sachs Commodity Index to 1970. Goehring & Rozencwajg Commodity Index pre-1970.
Source: Bloomberg, Goehring & Rozencwajg Models.
We are at the bottom in global commodity prices. As you can see from Chart 1 (which plots
the price of commodities as measured against the US stock market going back 100 years), commodities
are as cheap today as they have ever been. Only in the depths of the Great Depression and at the
end of the dying Bretton Woods Gold Exchange Standard did commodities reach this level of
undervaluation relative to equities. For those investors willing to ignore the noise and extreme negative
commentary (regarding surging shale production, OPEC disunity, electric cars, and China’s
impending collapse), there is a proverbial fortune to be made if they invest today When commodities
are this cheap relative to stocks, the returns accruing to commodity investors have been spectacular.
For example, had an investor bought the Goldman Sachs Commodity Index (or something equivalent)
in 1970, by 1974 he would have compounded his money at 50% per year. From 1970 to 1980
commodities compounded annually in price by 20%. If that same investor had bought commodities
$600
palladium and platinum. Palladium
usage in catalytic converters has $400
increased tenfold over the last decade. Article Published
$200
A 100% increase in palladium prices
would raise the price of an SUV by
just $60.” $0
0
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
01
/0
/0
/0
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
4/
/4
/4
/4
1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/
7/
8/
9/
1/
10
11
12
Past performance does not guarantee future results.
Source: Barron’s, "Green Metal?", 1/24/2000
1
Source: Bloomberg, 4/24/2018 FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ONLY 39
“If all of the dollars in circulation ($560B)
GOLD were backed with gold, the implied price
would be about $2,500.”
AT $2,500?
GOLD PRICE vs. S&P 5001
“In making the case for gold, Goehring
700
points to the relationship between the
price of an ounce of gold and the level 600
of the Dow Jones Industrial average.
Price Index (1/1/99 = 100)
$40
Article Published
$0
01/2004 10/2004 07/2005 04/2006 01/2007 11/2007 08/2008
Declining
0.9% Article Published
0.8%
COPPER 0.7%
GRADES 0.6%
1985 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
$1.00
1/7/05 6/7/05 11/7/05 4/7/06 9/7/06 2/7/07 7/7/07 12/7/07 5/7/08
100,000
HIGHER 50,000
-50,000
"The events that took place at the end 1/1/16 5/1/16 9/1/16 1/1/17 5/1/17 9/1/17 1/1/18 5/1/18
of 2006 have now been repeated: OPEC
has […] cut production into an oil
market that has already slipped into
deficit, just like they did in 2006. As
recently as September, the IEA was
writing about how “the supply-demand
dynamic may not change significantly
“This complacency in the market
in the coming months.” has left the world today in
Our model tells us that inventories will
approach 2008’s dangerously low levels
a very precarious situation
by the end of 2018.”
(with very bullish implications).
Joseph Herlihy
Joseph Herlihy has nearly 40 years of diversified Financial Services experience, most recently serving as Managing Director and
Chief Operating Officer of Neuberger Berman’s Equities Division from 2003 to 2017. From 1984 to 2003, he served in a variety of
positions at Neuberger, including Head of Operations, Head of NYSE Floor Operations, and Head of Regulatory Reporting. Prior
to Neuberger, Mr. Herlihy worked at Becker Paribas, Prudential Bache Securities and the Dreyfus Corporation. Mr. Herlihy holds
a Bachelor of Science degree with a major in Accounting from Siena College and is a Certified Public Accountant.
1992
Fund
3.69%
Lipper
1.52%
IGE
-
MSCI
-4.23%
SPX
7.62%
Performance 1993
1994
1995
30.68%
-4.89%
26.54%
18.35%
-2.38%
19.27%
-
-
-
24.88%
5.03%
19.46%
10.08%
1.32%
37.58%
Prudential Jennison
From January 1st 1992 until May 31st 2005 represent Mr. Goehring’s performance at the Prudential / Jennison Natural 1996 28.16% 32.63% - 13.20% 22.96%
Resources Fund and is total returns net of all fees incurred. Mr. Goehring stopped managing the Prudential / Jennison 1997 -12.21% 0.99% - 15.00% 33.36%
Natural Resources Fund on May 31st 2005 and began managing the Chilton Global Natural Resources Fund on August
1998 -17.57% -25.33% -14.19% 21.97% 28.58%
1st 2005. During the interim period, the performance figures represent the Prudential / Jennison Natural Resources
Fund even though Mr. Goehring was not the manager. Returns for the Chilton Global Natural Resources Fund are 1999 45.15% 28.07% 27.23% 26.82% 21.04%
calculated on a total return basis net of all fees incurred and include all dividends and interest, accrued income, and 2000 29.08% 32.31% 15.79% -13.94% -9.10%
realized and unrealized gains and losses.
2001 -10.46% -6.19% -15.60% -15.91% -11.89%
Returns for the Prudential/Jennison Natural Resources Fund were calculated using the standardized methodology 2002 20.07% 3.48% -12.98% -18.98% -22.10%
prescribed for registered investment companies by the SEC. Performance from the Chilton Global Natural Resources 2003 37.10% 39.21% 34.40% 34.63% 28.68%
Fund includes the (i) Chilton Global Natural Resources Partners, L.P., which was managed by Mr. Goehring between
August 1, 2005 and December 31, 2015 and consisted of a long/short portfolio (the “Partners Fund”), and (ii) Chilton 2004 27.06% 31.07% 24.59% 15.75% 10.88%
Global Natural Resources Long Opportunities, L.P., which was managed by Mr. Goehring between January 1, 2013 and 2005 48.41% 46.90% 36.61% 11.37% 4.91%
December 31, 2015 and consisted of a long-only portfolio (the “Opportunities Fund”). The performance information
presented below for the Chilton Composite reflects the returns of each Fund’s entire portfolio (including both long 2006 17.63% 16.20% 16.85% 21.53% 15.79%
and short positions). Although the Fund may take short positions, it does not expect to do so to the same extent as the 2007 30.56% 39.19% 34.44% 12.18% 5.49%
Partners Fund. The Fund believes that the return of the Partners Fund’s combined portfolio, on a cumulative basis,
2008 -30.84% -50.70% -42.55% -41.85% -37.00%
over the 10-year period shown was not materially different from the return of the long-only portion of its portfolio.
2009 33.73% 47.89% 37.54% 35.41% 26.46%
The table also includes return information for the MSCI All Country World Index (ACWI), the Lipper Natural
Chilton
Resources Index, and the IGE. The MSCI ACWI is a free float-adjusted market capitalization weighted index that is 2010 21.43% 14.14% 23.88% 13.21% 15.06%
designed to measure the equity market performance of developed and emerging markets. Performance data shown for 2011 -27.19% -16.74% -7.35% -6.86% 2.11%
the MSCI ACWI is net of dividend tax withholding. MSCI data may not be reproduced or used for any other purpose. 2012 -10.60% 2.54% 2.20% 16.80% 16.00%
MSCI provides no warranties, has not prepared or approved this report, and has no liability hereunder. The Lipper
Natural Resources Index is an unmanaged equally weighted index of the largest mutual funds in the Lipper Natural 2013 6.82% 14.32% 16.49% 23.44% 32.39%
Resources category of funds. The IGE represents the performance of the IShares North American Natural Resources 2014 -9.64% -13.32% -9.77% 4.71% 13.69%
ETF, which tracks the S&P North American Natural Resources Sector Total Return Index. 2015 -17.48% -23.08% -24.28% -1.84% 1.38%
G&R
Index returns reflect the reinvestment of income dividends and capital gains, if any. Unlike the accounts described in 2016 69.76% 22.48% 30.87% 8.48% 9.34%
the table, an index does not incur fees or expenses.
The results presented in the table may not necessarily equate with the return experienced by any particular investor as
a result of the timing of investments and redemptions. In addition, the effect of taxes on any investor will depend on Cumulative (1992-2016)
such person’s tax status, and the results have not been reduced to reflect any income tax that may have been payable.
Total 1096% 521% 187% 519% 875%
The related performance information is being provided for information purposes only and is not intended to predict or
CAGR 10.43% 7.42% 5.54% 7.41% 9.34%
suggest the return that will be experienced by GRA’s clients. The performance of a client’s account may have been different
than the performance of the accounts shown in the table due to, among other things, differences in fees and expenses, invest-
ment limitations, diversification requirements, and tax restrictions. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results.
& Risk
security or as an offer to provide advisory services. Information in this presentation is intended only for United States citizens and
residents. Nothing contained in this presentation constitutes investment, legal, tax, or other advice nor should be relied upon
in making an investment or other decision. Investors should always obtain and read up-to-date investment services description
before deciding whether to appoint an investment advisor. All investments are subject to risk, including the possible loss of the
Disclaimers
money you invest. You may owe taxes on any capital gains realized through trading or through your own redemption. For some
investors, income may be subject to state and local taxes. Natural Resource investments may have different characteristics and
risk than do traditional investments, and can have more volatility than a more diversified portfolio.
Commodities Risk
The Firm concentrates its investments in the natural resources industry. Natural resources include, among other things, energy
commodities such as oil, natural gas, coal and uranium, precious metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium,
diamond, base metals such as copper, lead and zinc; ferrous metals; agricultural commodities; and fertilizer commodities such
as potash, phosphate and nitrogen. Historically, commodity investments have had a relatively high correlation with changes
in inflation and a relatively low correlation to stock and bond returns. Commodity-related securities and other instruments
provide exposure, which may include long and/or short exposure, to the investment returns of physical commodities that
trade in commodities markets, without investing directly in physical commodities. The Firm’s accounts will be exposed to
commodities through its investments in natural resources companies and its investments (such as derivatives and ETFs)
which are intended to provide economic exposure to one or more commodities or commodities indexes. The Firm’s
accounts may invest in commodity-related securities and other instruments, such as structured notes, swap agreements,
options, futures and options on futures that derive value from the price movement of commodities, or some other readily
measurable economic variable dependent upon changes in the value of commodities or the commodities markets. However,
investments in commodity related instruments do not generally provide a claim on the underlying commodity. The value
of commodity related instruments may be affected by changes in overall market movements, volatility of the underlying
benchmark, changes in interest rates or factors affecting a particular industry or commodity, such as droughts, floods,
weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs and international economic, political and regulatory developments. The value
of commodity-related instruments will rise or fall in response to changes in the underlying commodity or related index.
To the extent that the Firm’s accounts are more heavily exposed to a commodity sub-sector that undergoes a period of
weakness, an investor can expect poor returns from the Firm’s accounts. Investments in commodity-related instruments
may be subject to greater volatility than non-commodity-based investments. A highly liquid secondary market may not
exist for certain commodity-related instruments, and there can be no assurance that one will develop. Commodity-related
instruments are also subject to credit and interest rate risks that in general affect the values of debt securities. The Fund may
lose money on its commodity investments.
Goldman Sachs Commodity Index (GSCI) is a composite index of commodity sector returns which represents a broadly diversi-
fied, unleveraged, long-only position in commodity futures.