SECTION 02500

CONCRETE WALKWAYS

1. PART 1 - GENERAL

1.01 SECTION INCLUDES

A. Cast-in-place concrete walkways and driveways in site as shown on Drawings

and as specified in this section.

1.02 REFERENCES

A. ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials

ASTM A 184 Fabricated Steel Bar or Rod Mats for Concrete Reinforcement

ASTM A 185 Steel Welded Wire fabric, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement

ASTM C 31 Standard Method of Making and Curing Concrete Test -

Specimen in the field

ASTM C 33 Concrete Aggregates

ASTM C 39 Compressive Strength of Molded Concrete Cylinders

ASTM C 94 Ready-Mixed Concrete

ASTM C 150 Portland Cement

ASTM C 171 Sheet Materials for curing

Concrete

ASTM C 309 Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete

ASTM D 1751 Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and
Structural Construction (Non-Extruding and Resilient
Bituminous Types)

ASTM D 1850 Concrete Joint Sealer, Cold-applied type

ASTM D 3569 Joint Sealant Hot-Poured Elastomeric, Jet Fuel Resistant type
for Portland Cement Concrete Pavements

B. ACI - American Concrete Institute

ACI 117 Standard Tolerances for Concrete Construction Material

ACI 214 Recommended Practice for Evaluation of Compression Test

Results of Field Concrete

ACI 304 Recommended Practice for Measuring, Mixing, Transporting,

and Placing Concrete

ACI 305 Hot Weather Concreting

 ACI 308 Curing Concrete

C. SASO - Saudi Arabian Standard

SASO 142 Physical and Mechanical Methods of Testing Portland Cement

SASO 143 Portland Cement Ordinary and Rapid Hardening

SASO 226 Methods for Sampling of Concrete Aggregates

SASO 570 Sulfate Resistant Portland Cement

SASO 1068 Ready Mixed Concrete

SASO 391 Methods of Sampling Fresh Concrete

SASO 874 Testing concrete: Method for determination of density of

compacted fresh concrete

D. AASHTO- American Association of State Highway and

Transportation Officials

AASHTO M 182 Burlap Cloth Made from Jute or Kenaf

E. Applicable Requirements Of This Specifications Specified In

The Following Sections:

1. Section 03100 - CONCRETE FORMWORK

2. Section 03200 - CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT

3. Section 03300 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

1.03 SUBMITTALS

A. Refer to the applicable requirements of the following Sections

of this Specifications:

- Section 03100 - CONCRETE FORMWORK

- Section 03200 - CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT

- Section 03300 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

B. Samples: Provide 900 mm square slab showing finish for concrete paving for
approval. Locate mock-up where directed. Provide finish on paved areas were
shown to match the approved sample mock-up. Retain mock-up protected from
damage and staining until completion, final curing, and acceptance of Work.
Remove mock-up(s) and dispose of before final completion of Work or when
directed by the Engineer.

1.04 TRANSPORTATION, HANDLING AND STORAGE

A. Refer to the applicable requirements of the following Sections

of this Specifications:
 - Section 03100 - CONCRETE FORMWORK

- Section 03200 - CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT

- Section 03300 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

1.05 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Refer to the applicable requirements of the following Sections

of this Specifications:

- Section 03100 - CONCRETE FORMWORK

- Section 03200 - CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT

- Section 03300 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

2. PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.01 MATERIALS

A. Formwork: conform to Section 03100 - CONCRETE FORMWORK, unless

specified otherwise,.

B. Reinforcement: Conform to Section 03200 - CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT,

unless specified otherwise. Type and size shall be as shown on the Drawings.

C. Concrete: Conform to Section 03300 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE unless

specified otherwise. Provide Class 30 concrete (30 MPa compressive strength
at 28 days) using Type I cement mixed with percentage of microsilica fume as
required. Construct paving in conformance with details shown on Drawings.
Provide final finish as indicated on Drawings.

D. Stamped Concrete: Manufacturer's standard materials and tools to provide the

required patterns as indicated on Drawings and as follows:

1. Color Hardener: Cement based, suitable for application on fresh concrete

slabs.

2. Color Release: Specially-formulated, iron oxide based, release powder for

application prior to stamping.

3. Clear Sealer: Acrylic resin liquid material, suitable for application to cured
slabs to protect stamped surfaces from discoloration, stains and moisture.

4. Stamping Tools: Manufacturer standard mats, to provide the patterns

indicated on Drawings after being tamped with special tamping machines.

E. Brick for Edging/Banding: Conform to the requirements of Section 2515 - UNIT

PAVERS.

F. Vapor Barrier: Polyethylene sheets of thickness 250 micron and 150 mm

overlapping for areas under concrete.
 G. Joint Filler: Asphalt saturated fiber board conforming to ASTM D 1751.

H. Joint Sealant: Cold applied, pourable, polyurethane-based 2-component

elastomeric sealant conforming to ASTM C 920, Type M, Grade P, Class 25 or
FS-SS-S-200 or FS-SS-S-227 jet-fuel resistant.

3. PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 SUBGRADE PREPARATION

A. Construct subgrade true to grades and cross-sections shown on Drawings.

Excavation, backfill, fill and compaction shall conform to requirements specified in
Section 02200 - EARTHWORK. Check the compacted subgrade for grade and
cross-section using template supported on side forms. Provide polyethylene
vapor barrier sheets with minimum 150 mm overlapping before placing
reinforcement and concrete.

3.02 FORM CONSTRUCTION

A. Formwork shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 03100 -

CONCRETE FORMWORK. Set forms to the required grades and lines, rigidly
braced and secured.

B. Check completed formwork for grade and alignment to the following tolerances:

1. Grade: Plus or minus 3 mm.

2. Alignment: Plus or minus 6 mm at any point and no more than 3 mm

deviation from a 3 meter straight edge.

C. Clean forms after each use and coat with form release agent.

3.03 REINFORCEMENT

A. Locate, place, and support reinforcement in conformance with Section 03200 -

CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT.

3.04 CONCRETE PLACEMENT

A. Conform to the requirements of Section 03300 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

for mixing, transportation and placing concrete and as specified herein.

B. Do not place concrete until subgrade and forms have been checked for line and
grade. Provide polyethylene sheet vapor barrier over subgrade before placing
reinforcement and concrete. Do not place concrete around structures or frames
until they have been brought to the required grade and alignment.

C. Place concrete in one course monolithic construction for the full width and depth
of walks, and in staggered and checkered manner.

D. Spread concrete as soon as it is deposited on the subgrade using methods which

prevent segregation of the mix. Consolidate concrete along the face of forms
and adjacent to transverse joints with an internal vibrator. Keep vibrator away
from joint assemblies, reinforcement, or side forms. Use square-faced shovels
for hand spreading and consolidation. Consolidate with care to prevent
 dislocation of reinforcing and joint materials.

E. Strike-off fresh concrete and compact until a layer of mortar is brought to the
surface. Finish the surface to grade and cross section with a trowel smooth
and/or broom finish as required. Perform concrete finishing using machine or
hand method as approved by the Engineer. Broom transversely to the line of foot
traffic. If necessary, apply water to the surface immediately before brooming.
Broom finish shall match the approved sample.

F. Unless indicated otherwise on the drawings, mark the surface of walks into
rectangles measuring not less than 1 m² not over 2 m², unless approved
otherwise. Use a scoring tool which leaves the edges rounded.

G. Concrete Curing: Conform to the requirements specified in Section 03300 -

CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE.

H. Hot Weather Placing: Conform to the requirements specified in Section 03300 -

CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE.

3.05 STAMPED CONCRETE

A. Concrete surfaces, indicated to receive a stamped pattern shall be troweled to a

smooth finish and left until concrete reaches a plastic stage.

B. Apply color hardener in 2 coats. Float surface using Bull-Float after each coat,
unless otherwise recommended by manufacturer.

C. Apply color release in one coat, same manner as above, prior to stamping,
unless otherwise recommended by manufacturer.

D. Stamping: Place stamping mats on concrete surfaces according to the patterns

indicated on the Drawings. Tamp mats using manufacturer standard methods and
tamping machines.

E. Remove stamping mats.

F. Second day after stamping, remove extra color release and cut joints as
recommended by manufacturer. Repair damaged areas as required.

G. After proper curing, depending on weather conditions, apply clear sealer to

stamped clean surfaces by roller or spray. Number of coats shall be as
recommended by manufacturer and as appropriate for the intended application.

H. Do not allow traffic on all stamped areas until sealer is applied and completely dry
(second day after application as a minimum).

3.06 JOINTS

A. General

1. Construct expansion, construction, isolation, and contraction joints true-to-

line with the face perpendicular to the surface of the walks.

2. Construct transverse joints at right angles to the pavement centerline,

unless otherwise indicated.
 B. Contraction Joints

1. Provide contraction joints, to section the walkway into areas as shown on

the drawings. Construct weakened-plane joints to a depth equal to at least
1/4 the walkway thickness, as follows:

a. Tooled Joints: Form weakened-plane joints in the fresh concrete by

grooving the top portion of the slabs with a recommended cuttings
tool and finishing edges with a joiner.

b. Saw Cut Joints: Saw cut to a width equal to 1/2 depth and fill with
joint sealant.

C. Construction Joints

1. Place construction joints at the end of pours and at locations where

placement operations are stopped for a period of more than 1/2 hour,
except where such pours terminate at expansion joints.

2. Construct joints as shown on Drawings. Where not shown, use standard

metal keyway-section forms.

D. Expansion and Isolation Joints

1. Provide 6 mm wide expansion joints at returns and intervals not greater

than 9 m along the walkway, unless otherwise indicated on the drawings.

2. Provide pre-molded joint filler for expansion joints and isolation joints
abutting concrete paving and curbs, gutters, catch basins, manholes, inlets,
structures, walks, and other fixed objects.

3. Extend joint fillers full width and depth of the joint, and not less than 12 mm
or more than 25 mm below the finished pavement surface where joint
sealer is indicated. If no joint sealer, place top of joint filler flush with
finished concrete surfaces.

4. Use joint fillers in one-piece lengths for the full width being placed wherever
possible. Where more than one length is required, lace or clip joint filler
sections together.

5. Protect the top edge of the joint filler during concrete placement with a
metal cap or other temporary material. Remove protection after both sides
of joint are placed.

3.07 CURING

A. Protect and cure finished concrete walks in conformance with the requirements of
Section 03300 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE. Use moist-curing methods of
initial curing whenever possible. After removal of forms, extend curing to
exposed edges.

3.08 FIELD QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Conform to the applicable requirements specified in Section 03300 - CAST-IN-

PLACE CONCRETE.
3.09 REPAIR AND PROTECTION

A. Repair or replace broken or defective walks as directed by the Engineer.

B. Protect the walks from damage until acceptance of the Work. Exclude pedestrian
traffic from walks for at least 14 days after placement.

C. Sweep concrete walkways and pavings, and wash free of stains, discolorations,
dirt, and other foreign material.

END OF SECTION