Normal Stress

Problem 104

A hollow steel tube with an inside diameter of 100 mm must carry a tensile load of 400
kN. Determine the outside diameter of the tube if the stress is limited to 120 MN/m 2.

Solution 104

P= A
P= A
where:
P=400kN=400000N
=120MPa
A=41 D2–41 (1002)
A=41 (D2–10000)
thus,
400000=120[41 (D2−10000)]

400000=30 D2−300000

D2=30 400000+300000

D=119 35mm answer

Problem 105 page 12

Given:
Weight of bar = 800 kg
Maximum allowable stress for bronze = 90 MPa
Maximum allowable stress for steel = 120 MPa

Required: Smallest area of bronze and steel cables

Solution 105

By symmetry:
Pbr=Pst=21(7848)
Pbr=3924N
Pst=3924N
For bronze cable:
Pbr= brAbr
3924=90Abr
Abr=43 6mm2 answer
For steel cable:
Pst= stAst
3924=120Ast
Ast=32 7mm2 answer
Problem 106 page 12

Given:
Diameter of cable = 0.6 inch
Weight of bar = 6000 lb

Required: Stress in the cable

Solution 106

MC=0
5T+10 3 34T =5(6000) 
T=2957 13lb
T= A
2957 13= 41 (0 62)  
=10458 72psi answer
Problem 107 page 12

Given:
Axial load P = 3000 lb
Cross-sectional area of the rod = 0.5 in2

Required: Stress in steel, aluminum, and bronze sections

Solution 107

For steel:
stAst=Pst
st(0 5)=12
st=24ksi answer
For aluminum:
alAal=Pal
al(0 5)=12
al=24ksi answer
For bronze:
brAbr=Pbr
br(0 5)=9
br=18ksi answer
Problem 108 page 12

Given:
Maximum allowable stress for steel = 140 MPa
Maximum allowable stress for aluminum = 90 MPa
Maximum allowable stress for bronze = 100 MPa

Required: Maximum safe value of axial load P

Solution 108

For bronze:
brAbr=2P
100(200)=2P
P=10000N
For aluminum:
alAal=P
90(400)=P
P=36000N
For Steel:
stAst=5P
P=14000N
For safe P, use P=10000N=10kN answer
Problem 109 page 13

Given:
Maximum allowable stress of the wire = 30 ksi
Cross-sectional area of wire AB = 0.4 in2
Cross-sectional area of wire AC = 0.5 in2

Required: Largest weight W

Solution 109

For wire AB: By sine law (from the force polygon):

TABsin40 =Wsin80
TAB=0 6527W
ABAAB=0 6527W
30(0 4)=0 6527W
W=18 4kips
 

For wire AC:

TACsin60 =Wsin80
TAC=0 8794W
TAC= ACAAC
0 8794W=30(0 5)
W=17 1kips
Safe load W=17 1kips answer
Problem 110 page 13

Given:
Size of steel bearing plate = 12-inches square
Size of concrete footing = 12-inches square
Size of wooden post = 8-inches diameter
Maximum allowable stress for wood = 1800 psi
Maximum allowable stress for concrete = 650 psi

Required: Maximum safe value of load P

Solution 110
For wood:
Pw= wAw
Pw=1800[41 (82)]
Pw=90477 9lb
From FBD of Wood:

P=Pw=90477 9lb
For concrete:
P c= cA c
Pc=650(122)
Pc=93600lb
From FBD of Concrete:

P=Pc=93600lb
Safe load P=90478lb answer
Problem 111 page 14

Given:
Cross-sectional area of each member = 1.8 in2

Required: Stresses in members CE, DE, and DF

Solution 111
From the FBD of the truss:

MA=0
24RF=16(30)
RF=20k
At joint F:

FV=0
53DF=20
DF=3331k(Compression)
At joint D: (by symmetry)
BD=DF=3331k(Compression)
ΣFV=0
DE=53BD+53DF
DE=53(3331)+53(3331)
DE=40k(Tension)
At joint E:

FV=0
53CE+30=40
CE=1632k(Tension)
Stresses:
Stress = Force/Area
CE=1 81632=9 26ksi (Tension) answer
DE=401 8=22 22ksi (Tension) answer
DF=1 83331=18 52ksi (Compression) answer
Problem 113 page 15

Given:
Cross sectional area of each member = 1600 mm 2.

Required: Stresses in members BC, BD, and CF

Solution 113

For member BD: (See FBD 01)

MC=0
3(54BD)=3(60)
BD=75kN Tension
BD= BDA
75(1000)= BD(1600)
BD=46 875MPa (Tension) answer
For member CF: (See FBD 01)
MD=0
4(1 2CF)=4(90)+7(60) 
CF=275 77kN Compression
CF= CFA
275 77(1000)= CF(1600)
CF=172 357MPa (Compression) answer

For member BC: (See FBD 02)

 MD=0
4BC=7(60)
BC=105kN Compression
BC= BCA
105(1000)= BC(1600)
BC=65 625MPa (Compression) answer
Problem 114 page 15

Given:
Maximum allowable stress in each cable = 100 MPa
Area of cable AB = 250 mm2
Area of cable at C = 300 mm2

Required: Mass of the heaviest bar that can be supported

Solution 114

FH=0
TABcos30 =RDsin50
RD=1 1305TAB
FV=0
TABsin30 +TAB+TC+RDcos50 =W
TABsin30 +TAB+TC+(1 1305TAB)cos50 =W
2 2267TAB+TC=W
TC=W−2 2267TAB
MD=0
6(TABsin30 )+4TAB+2TC=3W
7TAB+2(W−2 2267TAB)=3W
2 5466TAB=W
TAB=0 3927W
TC=W−2 2267TAB
TC=W−2 2267(0 3927W)
TC=0 1256W
Based on cable AB:
TAB= ABAAB
0 3927W=100(250)
W=63661 83N
Based on cable at C:
T2= CAC
0 1256W=100(300)
W=238853 50N
Safe weight W=63669 92N
W=mg
63669 92=m(9 81)
m=6490kg
m=6 49Mg answer