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Q – Analyse and design four storied building as shown in Fig.1 & 2 using SAP2000 v14
3 Nos @ 5m C/C
Y4
3m
Y3
2m
Y2
3m
Y1
X1 X2 X3 X4
Fig.1 Plan of the building
Z6
3.1
Z5
3.1
Z4
3.1
Z3
3.1
Z2
1.2
Z1
Fig. 2 Elevation of building
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
A. Click the File menu > New Model command or the New Model button . The
form shown in Fig. 3 will display. Verify that the default units are set to KN, m, C.
B. The New Model form
allows for the quick
generation of numerous
model types using
parametric generation
techniques. However, in
this tutorial the model will
be started using only the
grid generation. When
laying out the grid, it is
important that the geometry
defined accurately represents Fig.3 New Model form
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
Fig. 4 Quick Grid lines form Fig. 5 Define Grid Data form
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
click the Modify/Show System button. The Define Grid Data form (Fig.
5) will display.
2. The Define grid data form is used to specify the irregular spacing in the X,
Y and Z directions. Set the Display Grid as to spacing.
3. In Y Grid Data set spacing as 2 for Grid ID 2 and in Z Grid Data set it to
1.2 for z1 Grid ID.
4. Click the OK button to close the Define Grid Data form.
D. Click the OK button to close the Coordinate/Grid Systems form, and Fig. 6 will
appear. The grids appear in two view windows tiled vertically, an X-Y “Plan”
View on the left and a 3-D View on the right, as shown in Fig. 6. The number of
view windows may be changed by selecting the Options menu > Windows
command.
Notice that the “Plan” view is active in Fig 6. When the window is active, the
display title bar is highlighted. Set a view active by clicking anywhere in the view
window.
Note that the Global Axes are displayed as well, and that Z positive is in the “up”
direction. When SAP2000 refers to the direction of gravity, this is in the negative
Z direction, or “down”.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
Fig. 8 Material Property Data form -Concrete Fig. 9 Material Property Data form -Rebar
Highlight a 4000Psi in the Materials display list. Then Click the Modify/Show
Material button, the form shown in Fig. 8 will display.
B. In Material Name and display color edit box, type M20 and in Material Type select
concrete from drop down list.
C. Set Weight per unit Volume as 25. Set Modulus of Elasticity to 22360679.774
( 5000 f ck as per IS 456). Set Poisson’s Ratio to 0.15. Set Specified Concrete
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
Fig. 11 Add Frame Section Property form Fig. 12 Rectangular Section form
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
Fig. 13Reinforcement Data form for Column Fig. 14Reinforcement Data form for Beam
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
G. Click the Concrete Reinforcement button, Reinforcement data form (Fig. 13)
will appear.
1. In Rebar Material Area, Select Fe415 from list as a rebar material of
Longitudinal Bars and Confinement Bars (Ties).
2. In Design Type Area, Select Beam (M3Design only) option, which will
display reinforcement data form (Fig.14) for beam.
3. In Concrete Cover to Rebar Center Area, Type 0.03 Top and Bottom edit box.
4. Click the OK buttons on Reinforcement Data form, Rectangular section form
and frame properties form.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
drawing this object, click the Select Object button, to leave the Draw mode
and go to the Select mode. Then click the Edit menu > Undo Frame Add
command, and repeat Items C-D.
F. Repeat Item E to draw additional columns along the Grid line X=5, X=10 and
X=15. These members form the columns of XZ frame at Y = 0. Right click to
stop drawing.
G. Click in the Section drop-down list on the Properties of Object form (Fig. 15) and
scroll down to B-300X450. Single click on it to assign the auto select list B-
300X450 to the members you will draw.
H. Repeat Item E to draw beams along grid line Z=1.2, Z=4.3, Z=7.4, Z=10.5 and
Z= 13.6. These members form the complete XZ frame at Y = 0.
I. Click the Select Object button, or Press the Esc key on the key-board to exit
the Draw Frame/Cable/Tendon command.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
Add Restraints
In this step, supports for the frame are defined. Make sure that the X-Y Plane @ Z=0
view is active, and that the program is in the Select mode.
A. Select the support nodes i.e. nodes at Z=0.
B. Click the Assign menu > Joint > Restraints
command to bring up the Joint Restraints
form (Fig. 16).
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
Replicate Objects
Make sure that the program is in the Select mode.
A. Select the complete XZ plane frame at Y=0 by left clicking directly on the
members, or left clicking to the right of the object, holding the left mouse button
down, and dragging the mouse across the member. See Fig. 19 for selection
options.
B. Click the Edit menu > Replicate command to bring up the form shown in Fig.
20.
C. On the Linear tab, type 3 into the dy edit box. Type 1 in the Number edit box.
Click the OK button.
D. Repeat Item A-B.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
D. Click the Select Object button, or Press the Esc key on the key-board to exit
the Draw Frame/Cable/Tendon command.
Replicate Objects
Make sure that the program is in the Select mode and Y-Z Plane @ X= 0 views is active.
A. Select all the beams in YZ plane frame at X=0.
B. Click the Edit menu > Replicate command to bring up the form shown in Fig.
20.
C. On the Linear tab, type 5 into the dx edit box. Type 3 in the Number edit box.
D. Click the OK button.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
F. The Define Loads form should now appear as shown in Fig. 22. Click the OK button
in that form to
accept the
newly defined
static load
cases.
If you make a mistake in selecting, press the Clear Selection button, and try
again. Use the Move Up in list and Move Down in List buttons to
change floor level.
B. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command. This brings up
the Frame Distributed Loads form (Fig. 23).
1. Select DEAD WALL from the Load Case Name drop-down list. New Load
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
Y4
Y2
Y3
Y1
X1 X2 X3 X4
Fig. 24 Yield line pattern for slab load
Make sure that the X-Y Plane @ Z=4.3 view is active, and that the program is in the
select mode.
A. Select the all beams in X-Y Plane along line Y=0, Y=3, Y=5 and Y=8 (i.e. beams
along Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 in Fig. 24) at level Z= 4.3, Z=7.4, Z=10.5 & Z=13.6). Use
the Move Up in list and Move Down in List buttons to change floor
level.
B. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command.
1. Select DEAD SLAB from the Load Case Name drop-down list.
2. In the Options, select the Replace Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, select the Absolute Distance From End I
option.
a. In Trapezoidal loads area, type 0 in first Distance and Load edit
boxes.
b. Type 1.5 in second Distance edit box and type 5.625 in second
Load edit box.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
c. Type 3.5 in third Distance edit box and type 5.625 in third Load
edit box.
d. Type 5 in fourth Distance edit box and type 0 in fourth Load edit
box
4. In the Uniform load area, Type 0 in Load edit box.
5. Click the OK button to accept the DEAD SLAB load.
C. Select the all beams in X-Y Plane along line Y=3 and Y=5 (i.e. beams alongY2 & Y3
in Fig. 22) at level Z= 4.3, Z=7.4, Z=10.5 & Z=13.6).
D. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command.
1. In Load Case Name, Verify that DEAD SLAB is selected.
2. In the Options, select the Add to Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, Type 0 in all Load edit boxes.
4. In the Uniform load area, Type 3.75 in Load edit box.
5. Click the OK button to accept the DEAD SLAB load.
E. Select the beams having 3m length in X-Y Plane along line X=0, X=5, X=10 and
X=15(i.e. beams along X1, X2, X3 and X4 in Fig. 24) at level Z= 4.3, Z=7.4, Z=10.5
& Z=13.6).
F. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command.
1. Select DEAD SLAB from the Load Case Name drop-down list.
2. In the Options, select the Replace Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, select the Absolute Distance From End I
option.
a. In Trapezoidal loads area, type 0 in first Distance and Load edit
boxes.
b. Type 1.5 in second Distance edit box and type 5.625 in second
Load edit box.
c. Type 1.5 in third Distance edit box and type 5.625 in third Load
edit box.
d. Type 3 in fourth Distance edit box and type 0 in fourth Load edit
box.
4. In the Uniform load area, Type 0 in Load edit box.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
5. In the Trapezoidal loads area, select the Absolute Distance From End I
option.
a. In Trapezoidal loads area, type 0 in first Distance and Load edit
boxes.
b. Type 1.5 in second Distance edit box and type1.5 in second Load edit
box.
c. Type 3.5 in third Distance edit box and type1.5 in third Load edit
box.
d. Type 5 in fourth Distance edit box and type 0 in fourth Load edit box
6. In the Uniform load area, Type 0 in Load edit box.
7. Click the OK button to accept the DEAD FF load.
C. Select the all beams in X-Y Plane along line Y=3 and Y=5 (i.e. beams along Y2 and
Y3 in Fig. 24) at level Z= 4.3, Z=7.4and Z=10.5).
D. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command.
1. In Load Case Name, Verify that DEAD FF is selected.
2. In the Options, select the Add to Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, Type 0 in all Load edit boxes.
4. In the Uniform load area, Type 1 in Load edit box.
5. Click the OK button to accept the DEAD FF load.
E. Select the beams having 3m length in X-Y Plane along line X=0, X=5, X=10 and
X=15 (i.e. beams along X1, X2, X3 and X4 in Fig. 24) at level Z= 4.3, Z=7.4and
Z=10.5).
F. Click the Assign menu > Frame Distributed command.
1. Select DEAD FF from the Load Case Name drop-down list.
2. In the Options, select the Replace Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, select the Absolute Distance From End I
option.
a. In Trapezoidal loads area, type 0 in first Distance and Load edit
boxes.
b. Type 1.5 in second Distance edit box and type 1.5 in second Load
edit box.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
c. Type 1.5 in third Distance edit box and type 1.5 in third Load edit
box.
d. Type 3 in fourth Distance edit box and type 0 in fourth Load edit box.
4. In the Uniform load area, Type 0 in Load edit box.
5. Click the OK button to accept the DEAD FF load.
G. Select the beams having 3m length in X-Y Plane along line X=5 & X=10 (i.e. beams
along X2 and X3 in Fig. 24) at level Z= 4.3, Z=7.4and Z=10.5).
H. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command.
1. Select DEAD FF from the Load Case Name drop-down list.
2. In the Options, select the Add to Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, select the Absolute Distance From End I
option.
a. In Trapezoidal loads area, type 0 in first Distance and Load edit
boxes.
b. Type 1.5 in second Distance edit box and type 1.5 in second Load
edit box.
c. Type 1.5 in third Distance edit box and type 1.5 in third Load edit
box.
d. Type 3 in fourth Distance edit box and type 0 in fourth Load edit box.
4. In the Uniform load area, Type 0 in Load edit box.
5. Click the OK button to accept the DEAD FF load.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
3. In the Load Type and Direction area, verify that the Forces option is
selected and that the Gravity direction is selected.
4. In the Options, select the Replace Existing Loads Option.
5. In the Trapezoidal loads area, select the Absolute Distance From End I
option.
a. In Trapezoidal loads area, type 0 in first Distance and Load edit
boxes.
b. Type 1.5 in second Distance edit box and type2.25 in second Load
edit box.
c. Type 3.5 in third Distance edit box and type2.25 in third Load edit
box.
d. Type 5 in fourth Distance edit box and type 0 in fourth Load edit
box
6. In the Uniform load area, Type 0 in Load edit box.
7. Click the OK button to accept the Dead RT load.
C. Select the all beams in X-Y Plane along line Y=3 and Y=5 (i.e. beams along Y2,
and Y3 in Fig. 24).
D. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command.
1. In Load Case Name, Verify that DEAD RT is selected.
2. In the Options, select the Add to Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, Type 0 in all Load edit boxes.
4. In the Uniform load area, Type 1.5 in Load edit box.
5. Click the OK button to accept the DEAD RT load.
E. Select the beams having 3m length in X-Y Plane along line X=0, X=5, X=10 and
X=15 (i.e. beams along X1, X2, X3 and X4 in Fig. 24).
F. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command.
1. Select DEAD RT from the Load Case Name drop-down list.
2. In the Options, select the Replace Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, select the Absolute Distance From End I
option.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
K. Select the beams having 3m length in X-Y Plane along line X=0, X=5, X=10 and
X=15 at level Z= 4.3, Z=7.4 & Z=10.5 (i.e. beams along X1, X2, X3 and X4 in Fig.
24).
L. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command.
1. Select Live from the Load Case Name drop-down list.
2. In the Options, select the Replace Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, select the Absolute Distance From End I
option.
a. In Trapezoidal loads area, type 0 in first Distance and Load edit
boxes.
b. Type 1.5 in second Distance edit box and type 4.5 in second Load
edit box.
c. Type 1.5 in third Distance edit box and type 4.5 in third Load edit
box.
d. Type 3 in fourth Distance edit box and type 0 in fourth Load edit
box.
4. In the Uniform load area, Type 0 in Load edit box.
5. Click the OK button to accept the LIVE load.
M. Select the beams having 3m length in X-Y Plane along line X=5 & X=10 at level Z=
4.3, Z=7.4 & Z=10.5 (i.e. beams along X2 and X3 in Fig. 24).
N. Click the Assign menu > Frame Loads > Distributed command.
1. Select Live from the Load Case Name drop-down list.
2. In the Options, select the Add to Existing Loads Option.
3. In the Trapezoidal loads area, select the Absolute Distance From End I
option.
a. In Trapezoidal loads area, type 0 in first Distance and Load edit
boxes.
b. Type 1.5 in second Distance edit box and type 4.5 in second Load
edit box.
c. Type 1.5 in third Distance edit box and type 4.5 in third Load edit
box.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
d. Type 3 in fourth Distance edit box and type 0 in fourth Load edit
box.
4. In the Uniform load area, Type 0 in Load edit box.
5. Click the OK button to accept the LIVE load.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
3. Type 1.5 in third Distance edit box and type 2.25 in third Load edit
box.
4. Types 3 in fourth Distance edit box and type 0 in fourth Load edit
box.
d. In the Uniform load area, Type 0 in Load edit box.
e. Click the OK button to accept the LIVE ROOF load.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
button, to bring up the Set Load Cases to Run form (Fig. 31).
B. Click the Run Now button on the set load cases to run form, which will display
SAP Analysis Monitor (Fig. 32). The program will create the analysis model from
your object-based SAP2000 model. Data will scroll in this window as the
program runs the analysis. This information may be accessed at a later time by
going to the File menu > Show Input/Output Text Files command and selecting
the file with the .LOG extension.
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
VB
Step 12 Apply Correction
VB
A. Click the Display Menu > Show Tables command, which will display Choose
tables for Display Window (Fig. 34).
B. Check the Structural Output Option.
C. Click OK button on the Choose Tables for Display, which will display tables
Base Reactions and Modal Information.
D. Note Base reactions for DEAD, DEAD SLAB, DEAD WALL, DEAD FF and
DEAD RT, LIVE and LIVE ROOF and compare it with manual load calculations.
E. Also note the Base Shear ( VB X ) in X Direction (Global FX force for EQ – X Load
Case) and Base Shear ( VBY ) in Y Direction (Global FY force for EQ – Y Load
Case).
F. Calculate Base shear in X direction ( VB X ) and Base shear in Y direction ( VB Y )
VB X VB
as per IS 1893: 2002 provisions, and calculate and Y
VB
VB X Y
G. Click the Define menu > Load Cases command, which will display the Analysis
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
Cases form.
H. In Cases area, click the EQ – X Case Name and click Modify/Show Case button,
which will display Analysis Case Data- Response Spectrum form.
Z I VB X
I. In the load applied area, type the value of g X in scale factor edit
2 R VB X
box and Click OK button on the Analysis Case Data – Response Spectrum form.
J. Click the EQ – Y Case Name on the Analysis Case Form.
K. Click Modify/Show Case button, which will display Analysis Case Data-
Response Spectrum form.
Z I VB Y
L. In the load applied area, type the value of g X in scale factor edit
2 R VBY
box and Click OK button on the Analysis Case Data – Response Spectrum form.
M. Repeat the step 11 and 12A-12C and Check the base shear in X & Y direction.
Now base shear in X & Y direction should match with base shear in X & Y
direction as per IS 1893:2002 provisions.
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3. Select DEAD in the Case Name from drop-down list (if it is not already
selected) and type 1.5 in the Scale Factor edit box (if it is not already
there) and click the Add button.
4. Select DEAD Slab in the Case Name from drop-down list and click the
Add button.
5. Select DEAD Wall in the Case Name from drop-down list and click the
Add button.
6. Select DEAD FF in the Case Name from drop-down list and click the Add
button.
7. Select DEAD RT in the Case Name from drop-down list and click the Add
button.
8. Select Live in the Case Name from drop-down list and click the Add
button.
9. Select Live Roof in the Case Name from drop-down list and click the Add
button.
10. Click OK button on Response Combination Data form to accept
combination.
C. Again Click the Add New Combo button to add another load combination, which
will display the Response Combination Data form (Fig.35).
11. Type 1.2(DL+LL+EQX) in the Response Combination Name edit box.
12. Select Linear Add from the Combination Type drop-down list if it is not
already selected.
13. Select DEAD in the Case Name drop-down list and type 1.2 in the Scale
Factor edit box and click the Modify button.
14. Select DEAD Slab in the Case Name drop-down list and type 1.2 in the
Scale Factor edit box and click the Modify button.
15. Select DEAD Wall in the Case Name drop-down list and type 1.2 in the
Scale Factor edit box and click the Modify button.
16. Select DEAD FF in the Case Name drop-down list and type 1.2 in the
Scale Factor edit box and click the Modify button.
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17. Select DEAD RT in the Case Name drop-down list and type 1.2 in the
Scale Factor edit box and click the Modify button.
18. Select Live in the Case Name drop-down list and type 0.3 in the Scale
Factor edit box and click the Modify button.
19. Select Live Roof in the Case Name drop-down list and click the Delete
button.
20. Select EQ-X in the Case Name drop-down list and type 1.2 in the Scale
Factor edit box and click the Add button.
21. Click OK button on Response Combination Data form to accept
combination.
D. Similarly define following combinations
1. 1.2(DL + LL - EQX)
2. 1.2(DL + LL ± EQY)
3. 1.5(DL ± EQX)
4. 1.5(DL ± EQY)
5. 0.9DL ± 1.5 EQX
6. 0.9DL ± 1.5 EQY
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4. Click the OK
button to generate
the Shear force
diagram shown in
Fig 37.
C. Right click on the any
column in the X-Z
view to bring up the
Diagram for Frame
Object window (Fig.
38). Note that the
program displays the
force diagrams for the
entire column.
1. Select DEAD in
Fig. 38 Diagram for Frame Object
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
C. Click the Design menu > Concrete Frame Design > Start De-sign/Check of
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
F. Right click on any beam/column to access the Concrete Beam /Column Design
Information form.
1. Note that the required top and bottom longitudinal steel and the required
shear steel is reported for each design load combination at each output
segment along the beam.
2. Click the Flex. Details button to display flexural design details for the
highlighted design load combination and output station location. The
Concrete Design Information {Code} form is displayed.
For any suggestions and queries please write to Mr. VIJAY N. KHOSE, vijaynkhose@gmail.com
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
APPENDIX
A. Load calculations
A.1. Wall load
External wall load intensity
= 0.23 X 1 X (3.1-0.45) X 20
= 12.19kN/m.
Internal wall load intensity
= 0.15 X 1 X (3.1-0.45) X 20
= 7.95kN/m.
Parapet wall load intensity
= 0.23 X 1 X 1.5 X 20
= 6.9kN/m.
A.2. Slab (Self weight) load (Dead Slab)
Intensity of slab load
= 0.15 X 1 X 1 X 25
= 3.75kN/m.
A.3. Floor finish load (Dead FF)
Intensity of floor finish load
=1X1
= 1kN/m.
A.4 Roof treatment load (Dead RT)
Intensity of roof treatment load
= 1.5 X 1
= 1.5kN/m.
A.5. Live load
Intensity of live load
=3X1
= 3kN/m.
A.6. Live roof load
Intensity of live roof load
= 1.5 X 1
= 1.5kN/m.
For any suggestions and queries please write to Mr. VIJAY N. KHOSE, vijaynkhose@gmail.com
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Analysis And Design Of Four Storied RC Building Using SAP2000 v14
Load Case
For any suggestions and queries please write to Mr. VIJAY N. KHOSE, vijaynkhose@gmail.com
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