Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CI/SfB
(47) Nh2
Third Issue March 2010
Low Energy -
Low Carbon Buildings
Contents
Page
Summary 3
Current Practice 3
Assessing the Alternatives for Future Practice 3
2
Assessing the Alternatives
Summary for Future Practice
Kingspan Thermataper® Systems comprise tapered insulation The purpose of this report is to examine these alternatives by
boards designed for warm deck flat roofing applications. Using means of three case studies.
these products to achieve a U-value of 0.16 W/m2.K could be
The case studies are for new build non-residential projects with
up to 26.9% cheaper than using alternative methods to create
warm deck roofs only. Refurbishment is not covered.
a fall in a flat roof for drainage purposes.
The designs are based on achieving a U-value of 0.16 W/m2.K
Kingspan Thermataper® Systems do not need time to dry
as an average across the whole roof, U-values are calculated
out saving time in the scheduling of a construction project.
in accordance with Annex C of BS EN ISO 6946: 2007.
It is estimated that the screed to falls systems, used for the
case studies in this document, may require between 122 and Three case studies have been examined for this report, of
195 days to dry. varying sizes and plan complexity:
Kingspan Thermataper® Systems can be as little as 1.5% of Case Study 1: A relatively small rectangular roof plan
the weight of a solution using screed to falls with a flat with simple falls.
insulation board. Case Study 2: A slightly larger complex roof plan with
more complicated falls.
Current Practice
Case Study 3: A much larger roof plan, with
The provision of a fall in a warm deck flat roof is normally
relatively simple falls.
achieved in one of three ways: falls achieved by screed laid to
falls; falls achieved by the use of tapered insulation; or falls Three design options have been costed for each case study:
achieved by the use of timber firrings under a plywood deck. falls achieved by screed laid to falls; falls achieved by the use
of tapered insulation, specifically Kingspan Thermataper®
Systems, and falls achieved by the use of timber firrings
under a plywood deck (more usually associated with timber
or metal deck roofs).
The three case studies all employ a concrete sub-base but the
conclusions regarding Kingspan Thermataper® Systems
compared with timber firrings would be equally valid in a metal
deck roof situation. (It is unlikely that a screed would be used
with a metal deck roof).
RSPB Environment and Education Centre, Rainham Marshes: Kingspan Thermataper® TT47 LPC/FM
3
Additional Benefits of Tapered Insulation
Cost Analysis of the Alternatives Kingspan Thermataper® Systems do not suffer from the
Kingspan Insulation commissioned independent quantity two inherent disadvantages in the use of screeds, drying time
surveyor Davis Langdon to carry out a cost analysis of the and weight.
three case studies detailed on page 3*. A standard cement:sand screed dries out in approximately one
Cost per Square Metre of Roof Build-Up Above the Deck month per 25 mm thickness and weighs approximately
Case Study Alternative £/m2 2000 kg/m3. NB the weight of wet screed would be
1 Tapered insulation 98.23 marginally greater.
1 Screed laid to falls 106.43
1 Timber firrings 127.19 Drying Times and Weights for Alternatives in Each Case Study
2 Tapered insulation 107.42 Approx.
2 Screed laid to falls 119.83 Weight of
2 Timber firrings 140.83 Approx. Dry Screed
3 Tapered insulation 96.91 Drying (If Used)
3 Screed laid to falls 108.27 Time & Insulation
3 Timber firrings 132.53 Case Study Alternative (days) (kg)
1 Tapered insulation 0 983
In all three case studies the Kingspan Thermataper® System 1 Screed laid to falls 128 41,242
solution has been shown to be the cheapest option. 2 Tapered insulation 0 1,676
2 Screed laid to falls 122 69,168
In these case studies, a screeded option has been shown 3 Tapered insulation 0 15,242
to be £8 - 12 per m2 more expensive than a Kingspan 3 Screed laid to falls 195 998,110
Thermataper® System solution.
Drying time could be improved by the use of a proprietary
In all three case studies the most expensive means of quick-drying screed.
achieving drainage falls is by the use of timber firrings.
A standard quick-drying screed dries out in approximately
Timber firrings are likely to be a more valid solution on a
7 days per 25 mm thickness. However the cost of such
timber or metal deck roof structure than a concrete sub-base
screeds is 40-50% higher than that of a normal cement:sand
but, in the roof plans indicated by these case studies, are
screed, ensuring the economic advantage of Kingspan
still likely to be a more expensive option than the use of
Thermataper® Systems. Furthermore, a significant drying out
Kingspan Thermataper® Systems.
period would still be required for thick screeds. Still faster
*A copy of the Davis Langdon & Everest report is available drying out screeds are available but at a further cost penalty.
upon request from the Kingspan Insulation Marketing
The weight of a screed can be of great consequence, as
Department on 01544 387 384.
demonstrated by Case Study 3, where the average thickness
All rates based on UK average first quarter 2008 prices. is 160 mm. The weight of this would have undoubted
consequences on the design of both the frame and
foundations. This would inevitably incur an additional cost,
adding to the economic advantage of Kingspan Thermataper®
Systems. This cost has not been taken into account in the
cost analysis presented in this document.
Cobblers Lane Primary School, Pontefract, West Yorkshire: Kingspan Thermataper® TT46 LPC/FM
5
Case Study 1
6
Screed Laid To Falls Timber Firrings To Falls
Thermal Thermal Thermal Thermal
conductivity resistance conductivity resistance
Roof layer (W/m.K) (m2.K/W) Roof layer (W/m.K) (m2.K/W)
External surface resistance 0.040 External surface resistance 0.040
1.5 mm single ply membrane 0.160 0.009 1.5 mm single ply membrane 0.160 0.009
Bituminous vapour check 0.020 Bituminous vapour check 0.020
105 mm average cement:sand screed 1.400 0.075 18 mm plywood 0.140 0.129
Precast concrete roof slab 1.400 0.143 Softwood firrings (incl. airspace) 0.163
Airspace 0.000 Precast concrete roof slab 1.400 0.143
Mineral fibre suspended ceiling 0.000 Airspace 0.000
Internal surface resistance 0.100 Mineral fibre suspended ceiling 0.000
Total resistance excluding insulation 0.387 Internal surface resistance 0.100
Resistance of 90 mm Total resistance excluding insulation 0.604
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 3.462 Resistance of 95 mm
Resistance of 60 mm Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 3.654
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 2.222 Resistance of 50 mm
Total resistance including insulation 6.071 Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 1.852
Total resistance including insulation 6.110
U-value achieved (W/m .K)
2
0.16
U-value achieved (W/m2.K) 0.16
Approximate weight of dry screed
and insulation (kg) {insulation thickness
Cost of option from deck upwards £/m2
x density [32 kg/m3] x roof area}
+ {screed thickness x density Softwood joists/firrings fixed to concrete deck 23.00
[2000 kg/m3] x roof area} 41,242 18 mm WBP Plywood roof decking 22.00
Bituminous vapour check fully bonded 4.25
Approximate drying time of screed (days) 128 145 mm Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM
in two layers 27.94
Cost of option from deck upwards £/m2 1.5 mm single ply membrane fully adhered 50.00
105 mm average cement:sand (1:3) screed,
Cost of roof finish (above deck level) 127.19
laid to falls 22.00
Bituminous primer to screed 1.50
Build up of cost of 145 mm
Bituminous vapour check fully bonded 4.25
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM in two layers £/m2
150 mm Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 28.68
1.5 mm single ply membrane fully adhered 50.00 Supply only cost 14.85
Waste (5%) 0.74
Cost of roof finish (above deck level) 106.43 Disposal of waste material 0.07
Bitumen bonding 2.00
Build up of cost of 150 mm Labour in laying 3.50
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM in two layers £/m2 Sub-total 21.72
Supply only cost 15.38 Sundries, profit and overheads (20%) 4.23
Waste (5%) 0.77 Main contractor’s discount, profit and
Disposal of waste material 0.08 attendances (10%) 2.54
Bitumen bonding 2.00 Rate per m2 27.94
Labour in laying 3.50
Sub-total 21.72
Sundries, profit and overheads (20%) 4.34
Main contractor’s discount, profit
and attendances (10%) 2.61
Rate per m2 28.68
7
Case Study 2
8
Screed Laid To Falls Timber Firrings To Falls
Thermal Thermal Thermal Thermal
conductivity resistance conductivity resistance
Roof layer (W/m.K) (m2.K/W) Roof layer (W/m.K) (m2.K/W)
External surface resistance 0.040 External surface resistance 0.040
1.5 mm single ply membrane 0.160 0.009 1.5 mm single ply membrane 0.160 0.009
Bituminous vapour check 0.020 Bituminous vapour check 0.020
100 mm average cement:sand screed 1.400 0.071 18 mm plywood 0.140 0.129
150 mm concrete slab 1.400 0.107 Softwood firrings (incl. airspace) 0.163
Permanent metal deck 0.000 150 mm concrete slab 1.400 0.107
Airspace 0.163 Permanent metal deck 0.000
Plasterboard suspended ceiling 0.190 0.066 Airspace 0.163
Internal surface resistance 0.100 Plasterboard suspended ceiling 0.190 0.066
Total resistance excluding insulation 0.576 Internal surface resistance 0.100
Resistance of 95 mm Total resistance excluding insulation 0.797
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 3.654 Resistance of 80 mm
Resistance of 50 mm Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 3.077
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 1.852 Resistance of 60 mm
Total resistance including insulation 6.082 Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 2.222
Total resistance including insulation 6.096
U-value achieved (W/m2.K) 0.16
U-value achieved (W/m2.K) 0.25
Approximate weight of dry screed
and insulation (kg) {insulation thickness Cost of option from deck upwards £/m2
x density [32 kg/m3] x roof area} Softwood joists/firrings fixed to concrete deck 25.00
+ {screed thickness x density 18 mm WBP Plywood roof decking 22.50
[2000 kg/m3] x roof area} 69,168 Bituminous vapour check fully bonded 4.00
Approximate drying time of screed (days) 122 140 mm Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM
in two layers 29.33
1.5 mm single ply membrane fully adhered 60.00
Cost of option from deck upwards £/m2
100 mm average cement:sand (1:3) screed, Cost of roof finish (above deck level) 140.83
laid to falls 24.00
Bituminous primer to screed 1.50 Build up of cost of 140 mm
Bituminous vapour check fully bonded 4.00 Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM in two layers £/m2
145 mm Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM Supply only cost 14.16
in two layers 30.33 Waste (5%) 1.42
1.5 mm single ply membrane fully adhered 60.00 Disposal of waste material 0.14
Cost of roof finish (above deck level) 119.83 Bitumen bonding 2.00
Labour in laying 4.50
Sub-total 22.22
Build up of cost of 145 mm
Sundries, profit and overheads (20%) 4.44
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM in two layers £/m2
Main contractor’s discount, profit and
Supply only cost 14.85 attendances (10%) 2.67
Waste (5%) 1.49 Rate per m2 29.33
Disposal of waste material 0.15
Bitumen bonding 2.00
Labour in laying 4.50
Sub-total 22.98
Sundries, profit and overheads (20%) 4.60
Main contractor’s discount, profit and
attendances (10%) 2.76
Rate per m2 30.33
9
Case Study 3
10
Screed Laid To Falls Timber Firrings To Falls
Thermal Thermal Thermal Thermal
conductivity resistance conductivity resistance
Roof layer (W/m.K) (m2.K/W) Roof layer (W/m.K) (m2.K/W)
External surface resistance 0.040 External surface resistance 0.040
1.5 mm single ply membrane 0.160 0.009 1.5 mm single ply membrane 0.160 0.009
Bituminous vapour check 0.020 Bituminous vapour check 0.020
160 mm average cement:sand screed 1.400 0.114 18 mm plywood 0.140 0.129
300 mm concrete slab 1.400 0.214 Softwood firrings (incl. airspace) 0.163
Airspace 0.000 300 mm concrete slab 1.400 0.214
Mineral fibre suspended ceiling 0.000 Airspace 0.000
Internal surface resistance 0.100 Mineral fibre suspended ceiling 0.000
Total resistance excluding insulation 0.497 Internal surface resistance 0.100
Resistance of 90 mm Total resistance excluding insulation 0.675
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 3.462 Resistance of 95 mm
Resistance of 60 mm Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 3.654
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 2.222 Resistance of 50 mm
Total resistance including insulation 6.181 Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM 1.852
Total resistance including insulation 6.181
U-value achieved (W/m .K)
2
0.16
U-value achieved (W/m2.K) 0.16
Approximate weight of dry screed
and insulation (kg) {insulation thickness Cost of option from deck upwards £/m2
x density [32 kg/m3] x roof area} Softwood joists/firrings fixed to concrete deck 35.00
+ {screed thickness x density 18 mm WBP Plywood roof decking 21.50
[2000 kg/m3] x roof area} 998,110 Bituminous vapour check fully bonded 3.75
Approximate drying time of screed (days) 195 145 mm Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM
in two layers 27.28
1.5 mm single ply membrane fully adhered 45.00
Cost of option from deck upwards £/m2
160 mm average cement:sand (1:3) screed, Cost of roof finish (above deck level) 132.53
laid to falls 30.00
Bituminous primer to screed 1.50 Build up of cost of 145 mm
Bituminous vapour check fully bonded 3.75 Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM in two layers £/m2
150 mm Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM Supply only cost 14.85
in two layers 28.02 Waste (5%) 0.74
1.5 mm single ply membrane fully adhered 45.00 Disposal of waste material 0.07
Cost of roof finish (above deck level) 108.27 Bitumen bonding 2.00
Labour in laying 3.00
Sub-total 20.67
Build up of cost of 150 mm
Sundries, profit and overheads (20%) 4.13
Kingspan Thermaroof® TR27 LPC/FM in two layers £/m2
Main contractor’s discount, profit
Supply only cost 15.38 and attendances (10%) 2.48
Waste (5%) 0.77 Rate per m2 27.28
Disposal of waste material 0.08
Bitumen bonding 2.00
Labour in laying 3.00
Sub-total 21.22
Sundries, profit and overheads (20%) 4.24
Main contractor’s discount, profit and
attendances (10%) 2.55
Rate per m2 28.02
11
Contact Details
www.insulation.kingspan.co.uk
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