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1.INTRODUCTION
2.OBJECTIVES
3. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS
Pivoting blades are shaped with the filler tip to allow the control of
residual volume in the upper and lower chambers at maximum pressure
configuration. Carriage wheels should be wide to reduce contact pressure with the
counter wall. For smoother operation, roller bearings are inserted in the blade’s
hook pivots.
Intake, spark plug and exhaust ports are made either radially in the
housing, or axial in the side covers, or both. In order to pass along the flame make a
continuous combustion engine, a small channel(ignition flame transfer slot) located
along the internal housing counter wall next to spark plug allows a voluntary flow
back of hot gases into the next ready-to-fire combustion chamber. Screwing or
unscrewing the spark plug can control the amount of flow. This channel is called
ignition transfer cavity.
To help cooling and reduce lubrication, at least one of the lateral side
covers has a large central hole exposing the pivoting blades to central area of the
rotor such that all parts of engine are external, except for the carriage and wheels
which are always in good thermal contact with the housing contour. Since the seals
are the only friction surfaces, the need of lubrication is minimized by an optimal
choice of anti-friction materials.
The housing, the pivoting blades and the carriages can be made of
metal, glass, ceramic or plastic, the later mostly for compressor, pump or water-
hydraulic engine application.
The simpler Quasi turbine model looks very much like a traditional
rotary engine: A rotor turns inside a nearly oval-shaped housing, Notice, however
that the Quasi turbine rotor has four elements instead of three. The sides of the
rotor seal against the sides of the housing, and the corners of the rotor seal against
the inner periphery, dividing it into four chambers.
In a piston engine, one complete four-stroke cycle produces two complete
revolutions of the cranks shaft. That means the power output of a piston engine is
half a power stroke per one piston revolution. A Quasi turbine engine, on the other
hand, doesn’t need pistons. Instead, the four strokes of a typical piston engine are
arranged sequentially round the oval housing. There’s no need for the cranks shaft to
perform the rotary conversion a in basic model, it’s very easy to see the four cycles
of internal combustion.
• Intake , which draws in a mixture of fuel and air
• Compression, which squeezes the fuel - air mixture into a smaller volume.
• Combustion , which uses a spark from a spark plug to ignite the fuel.
• Exhaust, which expels waste gases (the by-products) from the engine.
Sree Narayana Gurukulam College of Engineering Dept. of Mechanical engineering
7
QUASI TURBINE
In a Quasi turbine, as the rotor blade turn the volume of the chambers
change. First the volume increases, which allows the fuel air-mixture to expand.
Then the volume increases, which allows the fuel air-mixture to expand. Then the
volume decreases, which compresses the mixture into a smaller space.
It is also found that when one combustion stroke is ends then the next
combustion stroke is ready to fire. By making a small channel along the internal
housing wall next to the spark plug, a small amount of hot gas is allowed to flow back
to the next ready to - for combustion chamber when each of the carriage seals passes
over the channel. The result is continuous combustion, just like in the airplane gas
turbine.
What all this amounts to the Quasi turbine engine is increased efficiency and
performance. The four chambers produce two consecutive circuits. The first circuit
is used to compress and expand during combustion . The second is used to expel
exhaust and intake air, kin one revolution of the rotor, for power strokes are created.
That’s eight times more than a typical piston engine! Even a Wankel engine, which
produces three power strokes per rotor revolution, can’t match the performance of a
Quasi turbine .
1. The Wankel engine uses a rigid three-face rotor with a crankshaft. The quasi
turbine uses a deformable four faces rotor without a Crankshaft.
2. The Wankel engine shaft turns at three times the rotor RPM. The quasi
Turbine rotor and main shaft turns at same RPM Speed.
3. The Wankel engine fires only once per revolution The quasi turbine fires 4
times per main shaft revolution, producing Exceptional torque continuity.
4. When the Wankel engine rotor goes from one T.D.C to next, the Torque
increases to a maximum value and starts decreasing right Away (progressive).
The torque generated by the quasi turbine gets rapidly to a plateau, and hold
this maximum for a long arc before decreasing, giving a better overall
mechanical energy conversion rate.
5. The Wankel engine has a dead time. The quasi turbine strokes are consecutive
with no dead time.
6. The Wankel engine can not be operated in diesel mode due to the excess
expansion volume which adiabatically cools down the combustion. Quasi turbine has
no excessive volume and can run in diesel Mode.
7. Due to its one single fire per shaft revolution and the dead time, the
Wankel engine needs a flywheel. Quasi turbine does not need a flywheel, and
consequently has faster acceleration.
8. Since the Wankel engine’s shaft rotates at three times its rotor speed, it is not
suitable for low rpm compressor or pumps. But quasi turbine is suitable for this.
CONVENTIONAL TURBINE
QUASI TURBINE
1. In I.C engine piston makes positive torque only 17% of the time and drag 83%
of the time. This is not the case in Quasi turbine.
2. In I.C engine gas flow is not unidirectional, but changes directions with the
piston direction. But in Quasi turbine it is unidirectional.
3. In I.C engine valve inertia being a serious limitation to the engine revolution.
In Quasi turbine there are no valves.
4. The duration of the piston rest time at top and bottom are without
necessarily too long in I.C engines. But it is not the case for Quasi turbine.
5. In I.C engine there is quite important noise level and vibration. But it is not
the case for Quasi turbine.
6. In I.C engines accessories like cam shaft uses a substantial power , but in
Quasi turbine there is no need of cams
7. In I.C engine lubricant is to be used as heat coolant, which require a
Cumbersome oil pan. But Quasi turbine requires no lubrication.
Number of expansions In
Volume of each every two revolutions
Chamber
Piston4 strokes 50cc 1
(Gasoline)
Piston 2strokes 50cc 2
(Gasoline)
Wankel 4 strokes 50cc 6
Qurbine 4strokes 50cc 8
(Gasoline)
(Gasoline) 50cc 16
Qurbine2strokes
Qurbine 50cc 16
(steam/pneumatic)
9. QUASITURBINE FEATURES
1. Zero vibration
In quasi turbine, rotor rotates with a fixed centre of gravity and the
Engine is perfectly balanced so there is no chance of vibration.
2. Less noisy
For comparable power, the quasi turbine is much quieter than the
piston engines, since it splits each expansion into four per turn and evacuates the
gases more gradually and on a greater angular displacement
3. Less pollution
As the quasi turbine expansion starts quicker than in the other engines,
there will be less time for the NOx formation, and less transfer of heat to the engine
block.
The Quasi turbine has jointed torque impulses without the assistance
of a flywheel. This gives a better torque continuity for quasi turbine. Flywheel is the
main obstacle to engine acceleration. Since Quasi turbine has no fly wheel it gives
fast acceleration.
10. APPLICATIONS
So Considering the high power density, the low cross section area and
the exceptional intake characteristics of the Quasiturbine,
it is reasonable to expect to conceive an airplane engine
In the Quasi turbine Stirling, all the engine shell is pressurized with
helium, so that the inter-chambers leaks are automatically recycled by the central
region, and required only sealing of a turning shaft (comparatively to the sealing of
the back and forth piston connecting rods, unless sealed machines, which the Quasi
turbine also can be). The Stirling engines are also known to be large and heavy,
which the Quasi turbine-Stirling concept should solve.
11.CONCLUSION
For over 50 years, researches have been dreaming about the Perfect
engine, having uniform combustion, with a small combustion chamber (high
compression ratio). This is what the Quasi turbine does by producing much shorter
pressure pulses, and further more accepting photo-detonation.
Quasi turbine eliminates all the energy wastes occurring in piston and
Wankel engine and also it can satisfy modern engine criteria. The research is going
on to further improve and develop this highly innovative concept and for creating
commercially viable prototypes of Quasi turbine. In future we can see more
developments happening in the field of quasi turbine.
12.REFERENCE
1. www.quasiturbine.com
2. www.me.berkeley.edu/cal/QT.
3. http://quasiturbine.promci.qc.ca
4. http//kairos.dsa.uqam.ca/tycoon/Quasiturbine
5. Quasiturbine: Article by Lawrence Tse.