J20419F

A PUBLICATION FOR TH E RADIO AMATEUR

ES PECIALLY COVERING VHF, UH F AND MICROWAVES

VOLUME NO.1 FEBRUARY 1969 us $ 1.00

•
 CONTENTS :

A 2 ME1RE CO NVERTER WITH FIELD EFFECT

TRANSISTORS p.g. 2_10
K P , T,mm.nn, OJ II ZR PHASE·LOCKED OSCILLATOR FOR TRANSMIT AND

/ "-25
v, Tll" n. OJ 1 ZV RECEIVE MIXERS AMATEUR RACIO EQUIPMENT p.g.
H JF..n... . OK 'PN THE 1018 II CV ANTENNA FOR VHF AND UHF p.g. 2ll-JO
L. W.g n." OL II JU 144 MHz I 4J:I MHz TRANSVERTER fOR LOW POWER
AND FIELD DAY A~ i CAT I O NS
R L.nll . DL 3 WR A SOLID-STATE CO NVERTER f OR ~ e m
E. K..,.,., DL II GU A ,.... MHI ADAPTEA FO R USE WiTH A 10 ME1RE
sse TRANSCE IVER P'll' !lo4-el

VHF COMMUNICATIO NS, IN ,nl.r,..h on. 1 .-d",on 01 th. w, lI·nl.b ll, h,d G,rm. n p"b liUh on UKW.BERICHTE,
" • q".rlerl~ .m.,. " r ..d ,o m'llu ,.n . nPK"II~ Ul' rong for lh. VHf/UHF/SHF I .eIlnol og ~ . Pllbli.h.-d In
F'br".ry. M.~ . A"ll" " 'nd No" ,mb,,_
Th. '"b,erophon prlC' " US $ 300 or n'" on, ' , q", ,,,I ,nl p,r ~n' , Ind ,,,,d,,. 1 co po" " . , ,,, d.bi • •, $ , 00.
or .q",,,.I ,nl, , .eIl
S "b,cropl,o n., ord." 01 ,n~, ,,,d,, .1 co p'n, p"rchn . of pr,n l.-d c, re"" bo.rd. ,nd .-d....rt".d ,p. c"l co mpo·
n, nl', .d",rl,,,m.nl• • nd c ont"b"h on. 10 lh. m' llu, n, th ould b• •ddr....d 10 th, n, toon. 1 r,pr,..nltl' "' '
It I' ,mportlnl lIlt l ,n~ cn-.g. 0' .dd" .. b. rlpo.-ud I t , oon I t pon ,bl, 10 , n'url the co rr.cl .nd pu...:tu'l
.",,,.1 of th' p"bll cII,on , Pi.... II'''' ~o"r .dd".. In bl ox" I.n, ,, .nd _k, ,ur, 10 pl'GI ,ulf,,:!".nl POIl.g"

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Pubh,h..,
01' ".n,I",on, (.",n , xl"CII ) on l ~ w,th Ih, w"tt,n .pp'o" .1 01 th' P\lblo'h"

VERLAG UKW.8 '''e/lI' . H. n, I, Oohlu'. OJ 3 QC . 0-8520 ERLANGEN. Gl. oW"ur Sir , 45.
f'd ...1 R, publ 'c of G,rm.n~, h I. (0111 31) 3 33 n
Edolor. Rob.rt E. L.nll . DL 3 Wit T.rry 0 8, II.n, G 31VO. 010 8Q
Prln led ,n Ih' F.d,,,1 R,publoc 01 G"m.n, b, Ale/ln R" ch. nb. ch KG, 0-&00 Nu. mb"ll, Kr,l ,nllllr.". 39

VERTRETUNGEN REPRESENTATIVES'

Au, .". H,n, J Oohlu • . 0 1 3 O C. 0 -8520 ERLANGEN. G letw " u r SlrtB, 4S. , •• G.rm, n,
A"Ilr.U. WIA. PO Box 67. Enl l.l, lbournt :1)02. V,dor,.
B.lg'um E O"'lIh, . O N S JK, 8-9180 HAl.lME, K.ptlllllr. 10, hl, 'on (052) 4~7 , PCR 588111
C.n.d. . ... US A
D,nm"k S".n J'cob'on. S l.l 7 OTT, Ornbogll.n I, 5·21232 MALMO, hI. 49 1693, PO,'klo K, be..h. vn 149llS
F"nc. C h"""n, M'eIl, l. F 5 S M, F-89 PARLV, I,. Pili.., CCP PARIS 16219-86
F,nl.nd T,mo Hko, 01'1 1 S M. PORI, K.I,,,,nPllIIIo 63 C . POll1oro 47,10648
a.rm.n~ V"I.g UKW·B£RICHTE 1'1 Dohl". oHG, 0-.$520 RLANGEN, GI. lw,U" Sir 45. T. I. fo n
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Holl.nd S Hoog",,,I. PA , MSH , ALMELO , O " n)lIl r,, ' 010. goro 137 2 282. ,,1,10" (05400) _ I 16 117
1"1, STf " I (I I GM) "0' m,n"go IS, 1·20134 MILANO, T, I. 21789 t , Con lO Co ",nl' Po".I. 314lE16ll
Luu mbo urg P W,nll, LX I C Wo T' ''",,,on, DUDELANGE. POII'ch'ckkonto 17005
Norw . , 101 Th,g, LA 4 VG, PII P,d""..,v , ~, N 132<1 LVSAKEA flr, 0.10, Po"goro 31 6000
SO,,' h Alrou Arlh"r ."m,'" ZS S D. P O Boo 61. POI NT, Durbin T, t 31 11 77
N.w Zlt l. 1Id E M Z,,"mtrm.nn . ZL I AGO , PO Box 56, WELLSf O AD. T, l; 110 ~
SPlin+POrl"g.1 Jul'o A P""0 AtonIC , EA . Cl, MADRtD· IS. Dono.o COrl" 56 S· ·B. T, 1. ~3113 64
Sw.d,n S" ,n J. c ob ,on , S l.l 7 OTT. S·21232 MALMO . embog,',n I. hI. 491893. po,'glro 43 CIa 66
Sw"url.nd H, n, 1 Cohlu• . 01 3 QC, D~ EALANGEN, G '" Wot ' " Slr,6e 410, ' " O. rm. n~
Un'Ied Klng60m MIC ROWAVE MODULES LId , 4 N, wllng W' y , WORTHING/SSX T. 1. 0ll03-6I301
USA-En' COltl VHF CO MMUNICATIONS Au.. PIII' bury. K 2 TXB, & G.ry And' rt o n. W 2 UCZ , 91S North
MIO n SI JAMESTOWN. NY 1.1Il1
US A·C.nlr,1 Bob E'de , W" £NC. S3 SI And " w, RAPID CITY, SO S711l1. T,I . flOS.3oI2~I43
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 UKW · BERICHTE VOL UME I F E BR UARY 1989 ED IT ION I
PUBLISHER : VERLAG VKW. BE RIC HTE
Ha na J . DohlulI, OJ :S Q C
GlrlwltU'f St r ulf' ,, ~

kVHF
COMMUNICATIONS
EDITORS :
Ft'd . Rr publlc 01 ~ rman)'

Rolwrt E. Lenta, DL :s WR
Tf'rry D. Btttan, G 3 JVQ
OHIlQ

VHF COMMUNICATIONS
'rne Urat t'd ltiOll 01 VHF COMMUNICAT IONS repree.. nt ll t ht> birth of a new
ama tf'Uf r adio magnl n• • Howe ve r , VHF CO MMUNIC AT IONS ha s not ~apPf'a rf'd
out of Ihe bl ue" bu t ta th f' InlE'rnatl onal f'dlt lon or the we ll known Gf'f ma n
language PJbll cation VKW .BER ICHTE which has ff' gularly appea re d a lnce
1960. Th f' Inc rr:UIf'd f'dUar ta l t r a m Intrnda t o lorward thr same (dr at . In
both VIfF COMMU NICAT IONS a nd UKW-BERICHT E: T o publl ih a ma gazln e
fr om radi o a ma teu rs for radi o a ma te ur e , IIppc la llil: lng Itst'lf t o th e VHF, UHF
and mrercw ave t echn otcgy .
Thf' prfnetple task of VHF COM MUNIC AT IONS I, t c prc vtde exact and ext enst ve
all f.' mbly Instructions for t ranl mlU pr l, r f'cf'l vf'u , con ve r te r-s, co mplete
tra ncet vere, antenna e, mt'a lurlng a nd audllary eq atpment etc • • a llow ing
thf'm t o be f'u lly dupHcatf'd. Thf' I rf'at adva ntagt' (or ou r r padPu II that
111 th f' l'poxy pr lnlf'd ci rc uit bOlIrda and olh f'r I ppclallzf'd e cmponente , l uc h
al tr lm mf'rI. c oli termers, c cm pltcated mt'tal -wor k, etc,, a re a va llablf'
(rom our r epre een tat tvee at modf'rltl' prlet'l.
Thp l'vt'r lner pallng dt'ma ndl mad f' OIl tht' l'fflc lf'ncy a nd ppr formanct' of
ama tf'ur r ad io .-qutp mf.' ntl as wpU al th" co ntl nuoully ad van clnl tf'thn oJorY
r l'lul ti ng fr om t hll, mak". It mof" and morl' diffi cult for t h" Indi vidual
a ma tt' ur t o asse mble hli own eqc tp me nt . z ve n though tn e turnovu of a ma te u r
rad io equi pme nt man u(ac turf' rI II I h 'ad lly Inc rf'al lng . we t eet tha t t b ma -
Jority of a mah' un would prl'fPr t o build tn e tr own hlgh -pprCorma nct' equip-
ment If only the ccs- r ee pondt ng Inlt r uc tlonll and allll ta nCl' were ava tlab le ,
Thil II whe r e we wou ld IIkl' t o help by pr oviding det a tled dl'I Cr lptlonl and
l upplylng t ne s pec ta l co mpone nt s. Wl' beltev e tha t thes e Idf'al. have be ..n
rf' lpDflllbl p for the I UCCf'I. 01' tn e Gf'rman langu agt' t'dl tlon. W" hope that
ou r rl'ad f'rI thr ough out Ihe world will agree with 1.11 and he lp 1.1 1 t o (orw ard
ou r Id.·al l an d tn e cause of a matf' ur rad io.

Vy 73, th e pubUlhe r l

OJ 3 QC DL 3 WR G 3JVQ !OJiBQ

- I _
 A 2 MET RE CONVE RTfo: R WITH F IE LD n "FECT T RANS ISTORS
Crom W. yon Sc hlmmel m a n n. DL 6 SW

I. INTR OD UCTI ON
A g rl"at d e al h a ll been wr iU .. n r e c entt y r egard in g th e excellent qu alitle a
or CleM e rre ct Ira n.b lor. with l"l"gard to cr-oea -modulattcn a nd l nte r m od u-
latlon r e Jl.'c tl o n. Si nce fie ld effect Iransiator a are no w available o n the
ma r-ket lor r ough l y th e s a me pric e .a a good e lec t ronic tube , t he deet ,
a la n wa a made to exemt ne th e RF c ha r_ c le r l_tlcR In expe r ime nt. wi th a
2 metre co nve r te r. The ta a k wa a to replace a tubed eorwe r-ter- , if the
c roea- m odul at ton a nd a m plification we r t" In t he aame orde r.a that obtain .
I'd wit h tube , e qu tpped typ e • .

TMa larll: et wa a mel, .a ,can be eeen In Sec t ton 5, with tht' foll o win g con.
ve r- ie r. St'vt' r a l dllfe r-e nt t ubed a nd I ra natatorizt'd converters we re meaeu,
r l·1! under the same conditions and a re gfven as a compa riso n.

T IS 34 jun ction field erreet t r ans is tor s ma nufactured by the !lrm of Texa s
Ins t r ume nts we re us ed in th is de s tgn a nd pro ved to be exeettent a nd tn,
I l' nllHv(' to ove r loa ding.

T he !lrlt attem pt wa s bu Ut .up u s in g. a single RF ampHfle- r atage, the a ub_

s eq ue nt mlXl'r bei ng fed via a n RF t r-anefc r-me r-, The pre -ampllti er a nd
m l xt'r Iltagt's we r e eech eq ui pped with a T IS 34 tr-ene fe tcr-, whereaa th e
08cl1lato r a nd trlp ler s tage were equi pped with t wo HF 224 t ranailto rs.
Due to the fa ct. ho weve-r, t ha t th e tranacond uctance of t he junction !leld
ef!l'ci i ransl atora availa ble- a t p r-esent l a ex t remely l ow. the ampl ifi cation
pro ved to Iw ao In llufflc lent that the nol ae f igure of the m i xer wa a no nce -
abj y adver-eefy dft'ctl ng th e to tal nolae fig ure. The a tte mpt wa s then made
to Inc r eaae the amplification with th e aid of a hig h LC r a ti o at the RF
n-enercrmer- all well as to r edu ee th e l oa. by dls pe na lng with align ment
cor-ee , Th is , howe ve e, o nl y br ou ght a at'nsltlvlty fl gur e of a ppr-ox tma te ly
J . 5, whe r-eby the adjus tme nt of th e ne ut ralization was fo und to be so cri-
tic a l that It cou l d be o nly carried out f'xa ctly wi th the aid of • ewe.. p
measuring s e t.

TIll' followi ng circuit wa a bu ilt_up us ln i t wo RF a mplltie r stage s ao that

the amplifica tion is a uff lc lf'nt to a Uow th e> second RF atagf' and the mlxN'
to be ft'd at low Impedance . This meant t hat t he ne utra li za t ion wa a no
lo nger- c ri ti ca l and th at th e fie ld e ttect tran slator. obtai ne d th e sour-ce
Im pe da nce of ap prox. I kO needed for th e l o wes t no tae tigu re .

2. CmCU IT DESCR IP T ION

T he c i r c uit as shown In F ig . 1 co mpri ses two HF ampillier stage s . the
mixer a nd a two stage cecutetor- c irc uit. Thf' os cillator Is equipped with
a 38 .666 Mil l. crystal a nd Is followed by a tr lpler ata ge multiplying th e-
c rys tlll f rt'qul'ncy to 1I 6 Mll z.
- 2
 t iS J~

" "
,0'
~ r-=..; -
<.\:' ..J... TJ I k"s:. [D0.

TIS 4S
e ll ~
,0'
~ [D0'
,.-T" '''1
- IF 14 4 rCI

IBF 22.(,) cn - IBF22.(,1

lit l l1
,0'
I l' , TIS 45 45
1.. .....- 115 ~ [D0.
- 100, I 'n
~M .. t<. ~ ,t 15 CUI > " l,S-'J,
. " ,n ICt
14'6:21
¢ I ,~ 're' -or-
i • _
r1m-:!..,": 4OlI 'k
... ~
' ".,ri Dl 6SWoo.. '
." 1:';-- ' 0
,'j.· I I II I.,,:hlo: ,.. lt--l:'en I _ 0 '
~.'~J:)'T 33k I
, 1 !
- ! ..:~+
~
. IIf U 4
1"-
-- Inf • 1,000 pF _ 0 .00, ~F

- '
-0
Fig. 1 Circuit Diagram of the 2 Metre Field Effect Trans istor Conver t er 0'
~
w
 Junc tion t id d .'ttl'ct trani l itor, or the typl' TIS 34 a n' u ."'d In th.' t wo
nF . tagl" a nd tor the mi xe r (In c on t r as t to metal o xtde . Il kon th'ld .,th·c t
tr an l l s tor . MOS F1o;T), Thl' TIS 34 Is a deptettcn -m ode FET.

Both It}o" a m p l Uil' r .tagl'. o pe r-a t e a . a nl'utral hl'd aou r-c e circuit, wht·rt· _
by t h.· Inducta nct" 14 2 a nd L 5 torm , tog..-t ho r- w ith t he tN'dback capaci ty
or Iht, tr an . l sto r. a n "'u t ra lhl ng ci rc uit with r-e eonance a t 14 5 M Hz. TIll'
copocltorll C 2 a nd e 7 ee r-ve m et-ef y a . DC bl ock tng.

The In put ci rc uit o t th e c c n ver-n- r c o m pr-teing L I a nd e 1 po ••l·•••·• a

l ow-I m pedance tapp ing tor th..• c o nn ec tton ot thl' a n te nn a. An Inh' rml'dlnl l'
lin k eOlllll\ lItln g of L 4 and C 6 II to Ill' tou n d hetw ... ·1\ tin· t wo In' a m pl !-
flt 'r IItn~"II. TIlt' d r-etn volla gl ' II t l'd 10 1I' 01\6 111tol' 'I' I In por ' olll'l 10 thl '
1'.'II01lRut d l"' ult ,vla c hoc ke L 3.

Th e Il F III~nal II Iur-t her a mp lUh'd In tr an l l . t o r T 2 a nd i' Ie d via a 111'_

cond In!l'rllwdlah' li n k conllllll ng o f L 6 and C 9 to the mtxe r , wh tc n dee
not r.'llull"· Iw u t r a ll z ln g . when IIII' OIl' ilia tor Hlgnal 18 a bll .' nt, a voltage
d rop of appr-cxtrnate-Iy 1.2 V a ppo'arll acrOIl. the Bourct' r l' s l ,lo r It 7 o f
the mtxer Iranlli,tor 'I' 3 wh ic h caUII'" a q ut e seent c u r-m-nt of epprc x tm e ,
tl'ly 0 , 2 m A. It Ih l' voltajl:" dro p acr-ose n 7 r .'ac h.' ~ ap p r ox, 2, 1 V, th.,
amplttude ot th .· 116 Mll z cscntetcr will be lIuHlch· nt. T'h e dr a in c u rrt' n l
wlll t h.'rt.hy b., Im· I·.·aNed to e p pr-ox t m e te l y O. 35 mA.

T'hr- pr-Irn nr-y o f t he JF lI·n nlltorm.' r fo llowin g t he mt xcr- I. dampe-d wllh

1'I' lIl slo l" It 8. A coupling lln k III 10 ln - round lit the c ol d end or tnduc ,
tOUCt' . l , 7 a nd I. 8, Altl'r c o un oc u c n o t th ., lIu bllt''l u'' nt r"C I'IVI'r vl n Iln-
ca pac lt lv l' voltag., dtvtder- c o m pl"lsln g e l f) a nd C 17. a bandw idth of rou ghl y
2,5 M ll z III o htal rw d wit h a d ip of a pp rcx . 3 d n at 29 MH z ,

The ollcl l1a tor a nd tr- Ipler- ,tagl' a r t" equipped with "normal" b ipolar t ra nl_
Il lors typ., BF 22 4. wh ich art' e utcc n p la na r NPN tr a nllill to rl In epo xy
calli ng" Tht· y can or cour-e e be r-ep l ac e-d wilh s imila r t r an l h to r typt · •• ur-h
all 2 N !I18, 2 N 91 4 (RSY 211, BF' 11 5, Be 108 or Be 130 .

The o ecrlletor- u- an s t e tcr- T 4 oper-e t .. . w ith a 38. 666 MH z over-tom- c ryll ta l

In II c trc un p r-evtou aly de s cr-Ibod In III a nd (2 ), The rt 'l' dba ck III ac h ieved
u lling a ca pa c itive vol tag t' d ivtder- . Th., e o ru rn o n- bn a r- t r-I p ler- t r nn lli lltor
T 5 I. 100Jill'1y c oupl ed vi a C 23 to th e hot t'nd of th .. osc illa tor t lln k c f r-
cutt. The 116 MH z tr-ansfor-me r- lit th.· c oll ector- ot trun e tetor T 5 III In.
du ctlve l y c ou pled without Ihe need or II c o up li ng link Iinet' the Induc ta nc e
L 10 and I.. 11 art· 110 arrang e d th ai the y er-o dt r-ee tl y a djacent 10 ancuie r •
Tht, 11 6 MII 1. l ie nal is the n fin all y Ied v ia C 12 10 till' ga ll' o r m l xt 'r t r-nna ,
Illto r T 3.

Si nc .' the c ue-r ent coneumptton or the whoh- conver-ter- III o nlya pp r oxlma tcly
16 rn A a t a n o pt'rati ng voltagl' o r 9 V, It wall dec ldr-d to d l IlJ)(.'1lt1l' w ith a n
AC pow er su pply. In llt.. a d o r thill, IIlx 1.5 V dr y batt r-rl('11 wvr-v pl a ced In
'('1"1e 11. T h e r" sul tln g o pl'raH ng p e- r-Iod III r ou gh ly 200 to 300 hou r-s , T hll

.
ro r m of p owvr- s up p l y ha ll tilt' o dd ltional Adva ntag(' of oH(' rl ng an e xeep,
tlona l frt' '1u(' nc y IItab lllty.

-
3. MI-:C IIANIC:AL ASSj,;MBl.Y (t-' iK. 2 n nd 3)
" 110' ron vl'rh'r I" hui lt.up o n a p rlntt'd ci r c u li board with tl1I' dl lTll' n lll o n ll
o f 63 nun hy 1 13 111m (",'. ' F lg.2n). Th., pr-Intr-d circuit hoard i ll dt vided
I n t o four d lff.' r. ' n t chamlwrs by hra llll o r co ppe r- .trl ps . 0 11l' c hnmh.' r is
used for tlu- untennn Inp ut ci rcuit with trlltlllltitor T I , II ee-ccud for the
r " lIo llllll t c irc u it com prising L 4, C 6 lin d the t ra nllilltor T 2, nn d II th i r d
contn ln lll l." ttw m lx. 'r IItag.' an d tlu- IF trnnHfor m.' r . The ,'Iongn h'd fou r th
e hu rnbet- e cecmcuotee th., c ryltal cecntator a nd the Irlp h 'r . Iag t' . The
c o up li ng link 110 1 t he col d e nd of thl1 I F n-a nafo r-mur- L 7/L 8 (Il'(' fo"lg, I )
rl' p rl' II,'nt s loop In th e fo r m of a n l·longa h 'd "0" , each rormer huvlng o nly
a half turn . T h.· link Is mad" up from 0 .2 mm (32 A WG) dlam.'!t'r wlr.,
_ a th lck"r d iamete r wire wou ld cau s .. thl' c o up li ng to be too g r e a l.

T h., me-tal ca lli ng of the crYlltaC a hould b.· gr-ounded to the neare st g r o un d
po int o f Ih e pr-In t e d circuit boa r d.

It Is Ilt ro ng ly advllll' d t hat Ih. ' conver-ter- be e nc loeed In a ml'\al c lIb ln.'t
l'qu lpp e d wit h coax lnl connec te r-e. If th e batte r le 8 a r e no t c o nt n tr n- d with in
UIl' cabt net, t h.' o p.' ratl ng voltng., s ho uld b.. f,' d vi a (r,,'d . thr ou gh cu pnci;
tor s . Unwante d Hhort w a v e I lg nal s hn v e been o bser-ved to b.. l nd ucod Into
the conve r-ter- In ltll un scr-een ed " ta te ,

Wit h Ule a id o f the ci rc uit diaj ram (fo'ig.I), t he pa r ts li st {Sec t lon 3. I)

a nd th e location pl n n (F lg ,2bl . It I. poe stble 10 com mence th., mounting
of the compone nts o n to the p r-Inte-d ci rcuit boa rd. T h l . illl dam' In the
following o rd c r: The r e 8 11tors are the fi r s t compone nts 10 be m ount e d
wh ich a re then re n e we d by the capacitors . The t ranslllIto rs art' then mount-
ed afh'r Ihe tnoucte ncee. The Ir ans lator conn..c ti ona , a. 1I., e n from 1",_
low , Dre g i ven In F ig . I. F in all y , t he c ry. ta l a n d th e .c re" n lng pl a t.. ..
wh ic h form lh t, Individ ua l c hembe r- e, arl' m o u nt e d . The com p lete d conver-,
te l' I. aho wn In F Ill: , 3,

Fig . 3 The AIIeembled 2 M.. trl' FET T rans l.tor Conve s-tr-r-
-, -
 1--- - - - - - - - - - - llJmm

Fig . 28 Conducllng Side at the Printed C ircuit Board

DL 6 S W Pteld EUl' ct T ranll tala r Converter fo r 2 ~1('trt· .

C· ,-.:...=) ... ~ ~'", Q'.oJ .. ..- ..

~
.~-:...
~ 1I-<:l

'9 ,. ..
T Y ."
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.. II.

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f" 0 . q;5 0 ",-

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OL6 SW ClGoi 1
'to. ..~ 'tT,lr-.o
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o.. ......,'"
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T"..,-
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. ... 11....
'

no" 9" )~~i./.

••
..".. ....
. ~: T r
-- A - I:

: . . "~ "' t -~ GJ . ' .

0"
•
~,"'" /' .~
-. .~. ill" •
- jl"'- ~
' t .•

.-'~i~«' ' ... .

o
o ~
~6d
1 •
.••
''' T ~ ~Q 9'" ;' :L ·II.~
~ ~

F ig . 2b Location P l an

•••
3. I . COM I' ONI-:NTS
R I , H4 a ndHl0: 330 n : R 2. R 5 a ndR 9: 1000 All r e s is to r s are
R 3,R 6 a ndH I I : 2.2 kO; R 7 and R 8: 5. 6 kO
rated at O. 3 wa tt .
R 12: 18 kO; R 13: i kn

C I. C 6, C 9, C 24 an d e 26: 3.5 to 13 p i-~ ce ra mic trim m e r s

e 2, C 3. C 4, e 7. C 8, e 10 and C 13: 470 pI-' c e ram ic disc capacito rs
e I S an d e 18: 0.004 7 IJF cera mic dtsc ca pac ito r
e 22 and C 25: 0.001 IJF c e ra mic disc capacito r
e 12: 2 p F ce ra m ic dis c capacito r
e 5 and e I I : 100 pF ce ra mic t ubul a r c apacito r
e 14 and C 16: 20 pF ce r a mic tubula r capacitor
e 17: 200 pF c eramic tu bul a r capacitor
C 19: 30 pi-' ce ra mic t ubula r capac itor
e 20 and e 21: 40 pF ceram ic tu bul a r capacitor
Ceramic Sub -Micr o Disc Trimmers
<otor d,o 7 mm
, for p r l" ' ''' . Ircu ll
_-.
,__ ,,, ' N'"
....,_ .. ...•

+ ~!
T 4 a nd T 5:
~.

,
- ...

T I . T 2 a nd T 3: T IS 34 (BF 245) fr:om Te xa s In s tr um en ts

BF' 22 4 fr o m Te xae In at r um e nta
~
Q Overton e c r ys ta l 38.666 MHz He 6/V

3. 2. COIL DATA
L 1. L 4 a nd L 6: 6 tu r ns of 1 mm (1 8 AWG) dill. silve r _pl a ted co ppe r
wire wound o n a 5 mm di a. fo rmer. s e lf_s uppo r ti ng
a nd with a l e ng th of 10 mm , T he ta p of L I Is m ade
I turn fr om th e col d e nd.
L 2 and L 5: 10 t urns of O. 3 mm (29 AWG) d ta . e nam ell ed s il k_
covered wire o n a 3.5 mm fo rmer, 0. 8 IJH. VHF core .
L 7 and L 8: 20 tur ns of O. 3 mm (29 AWG) dla . e name jled silk_
cove r ed wire o n a fo rmer and core as given for L 2
and L 5.
L 9: 15 turns of 0. 3 mm (29 AWG) dia . e na melled silk-
cover ed wire on a for me r and c o r e a s given fo r
L 2 a nd L 5.
L 10 and L 11: 7 tur ns of 1 mm (1 8 AWG) dla . s Uver-plated coppe r
wi r e woun d o n a 5 mm dla . for m er, self_s uppo rti ng
a nd with a coil l e ngth of 10 mm.
L 3: 4.7 IJH R F choke or 1 m etr e of 0 . 2 m m ( 32 AWG)
dl a . e namelled coppe r wi r e o n a 4 m m dla . forme r .

- 7 -
 4 . A L IGN MENT
T he nt ' ut r n li z ln g coils L 2 a nd L J a r e altgn e d to 14 5 Mll z befo r-e m ou n t in g
with the ai d of a g rld.dl p mete r a nd a pa ra l h' ! cnpac U<)r of 1. 5 pF. whe r-e ;
by cu r-e IIhou l d be ta ke thnt tho:- c o nnec ti ng It' ad _ of the colla a re no t Io n-
gl' r Ihnn und e r mou nll'd cond it io n• . l f an In duc t nnce m c ter I. eva jlable,
lh.· c oils can d t r-ec tl y a ll gn t"d to a n Ind uc ta nce or 0 . 8 ",II. The othe r- r-eao-
na n t cl rc ultll can ht· cour-eely aUg nt' d to th l' rl'l a UvI' I r-r-qu vn c y w ith th e
a id oC n g ri d- di p m ctor-, in t ho t r mounted s t n u- .

T he c r ystal oscillator on ly op cre u-e at it a nom in a l Ir-oqu ency an d doee not

tend to Ollcl ll n lt-' a t a pur-Io ue Crt'qul'n c !(' II. T h e f rl'quI' lIe y of lh., c rysta l can
l n- .lIgh tly pu llvd by a dj usti ng th e value o f capacltor C 19 between 10 a n d
30 pF' . Tbe t r-tpl er- s tagt.' i. al tgm-d l or a m a x im u m voltagi" drop ac r oss
t he eour-c e r eaiator- It 7 or 2,1 V, w h en the oscillato r is lnoper-a tfve, the
voltagl' d rop ec roea r (> s is tor It 7 e he ul d r e ad a pproxlmah'ly 1. 2 V,

The I F trandorml'r I. now allanl·d l or maxi m u m nc t e e . Th.' t o met r-e rl'-

cetver- eho ul d be s .,t to 28,3 M ll z ro r- th., al fgn m ent o r th .. p r imar y Slagl'
COm prlBIIIg L 7 a nd C 1-4 a nd to a p p roxi matel y 29 . 7 M II~ Ior- t h,' allgllllwn t
or th ., out pu l ci rc u it, The Inp u t s tag(' ill Illigne d In si m ila r m ann.. r a t H 5
M ll z, th (' tntc r m od teto li nk L -4 a nd C 6 a t 1-4 5 . 5 M ll z lin d till" ml xl'r fl tag l'
with L 6 a n d C 9 a t 1-4-1 , 5 Mll z ror- m a xi m u m nol 81' In ot e nuon. T h i s alig n_
rm-nt m us t h., r-epen te d u nt il a n equal ampllCic a tion Is obtat ne d ove r th e
whol e r-an ge f r-om 14 4 Mill to 14 6 Mll z. T h e nou t r-alt za t ton doce 1I0t no r -
mall y t-eq u i r-e r!'a llgnm t'nt. Th., m o at si m p!l' rm-ane or alig ni ng the con-
ver n- r- llil wi th the aid or a IIWl"l' p nw a lilu r ln g 111'1, but thill 1I"I·d no t be rn vn-
uon ed ht' rl' In grl'at deta tl, 'I'h e rvsponse cur ve or Ih v cenwrwr- can be
adj ullh'd 10 obtain a band wid th 01 2,5 MHz with a dip 01 roug hly 2 dB a t
1-45 Mll z.

5. Mf:ASUHF:1l V ALU E S
Th., l ollow ing tllhh· c o nt ai nll ttll' mort' im p orta n t pr-r-Io t-mu nc e s poc tr tc e -
uo ne or th r- d" Jlcr il ...d 2 m u n-o c onvertor , T h e p er-Io r-mu nce of some o ther-
convor-te r-e wer-e mea sured under- the lIam ,' c ond ition. lind art' give n he re
fo r compa r-Ison. T he o t hl"r ecnvor- re r-s te sted wer- e a convor-u-r- eq u ipped
wit h th,' PC 88 tube , o ne with a P C 97 ( 3) (-4) and t h,' c om me ectet tra n...
tetc r typ., MB 22 mall ula('t ured by the (;l' r ma n ('om pany of Sp mCOM t't, T be
eonver- tve o utput slglla l was It,d in a ll calit'S to a D r- a ke It -I who'Il' band;
wi dt h amou n ted to 2. 7 kilt .

~
T IS 34 PC 88 PC 97 S.·mcoll t't
MI'a llur t.' Jnt'nt Conve r-te r- C c nv o r n-r Conv er-t er- MB 22
Nohw f lgu r t' 2. 0 3. s 2.7 2.7
Am pllllcuti on ( dB) 22 3J l' 27
Im a g ., r-vj r-ctlo n (dB) 65 00 00 65
ceoee- mooulauon (mV) 35 35 40 4

..
w tpe- e u r d l t'ct (m V) 20 10 '0 2
IF r t')N' t! o n (d B ) 65 05 80 75

-
Notes :
T he eros a- mod uteucn m e a sur e m e nt wa s made by fe ed in g an unmodulated
1 ".V signal at a f r e qu en cy of 144.5 M'h. to t he conve r ter. A s econd 30 ,.
m o dul a ted sig na l wa s the n also fed to t he conve r ter a nd Its level tnc reee-
e d un t U a 1 ,. c ross-mod ulatio n wa s observed. T he va lu e of the modulated
Input s i gnal (st 14 5. 5 MHz) Is the n given In m V.

Th e wip e- ou t erte ct wa s measu re d by fe ed in g a n unm odul a te d 2 JJV signal

to t he co nve rte r at a f reque ncy of 144 . 5 MHz. A aecc nd algnal (at 145.5
MH z) wa s th e n f ed to t he conve r te r a nd the level inc reased un til II r-e duc ,
tl on of 3 d B was o bserved on t he f irst signal. The value In mV of t his
s eco nd signa l la give n In the a bove table .

The excelle nt c haracteristics of the DL 6 SW FET Co nverte r m a y alec be

utilized fo r sa tellite band r e c e pti on In the fr equ en c y r an ge of 13 6 to 137
MH z . l. e. for the m onitor in g of we a t he r sate llites. It Is merely ne c e a-
ear y to r epl a c e th e 38.66 MHz crystal with o ne of 53 .7 MHz and to align
t he tra ns is tor s tage with T 5 to th e f1r .t ha r m oni c of t he c rystal fr eq ue nc y
(10 7.4 MHz) as well as the two pre_a m plifier stages T 1 a nd T 2 to the
fr eq ue nc y r a nge of 135. 4 MHz to 137 .4 MHz .

If a d iff erent Inter media te fr e q uen cy is to be used t ns teud of 28 to 30 MHz .

th e ne c e a s ar-y c rystal frequency s hould be calculated witho ut dlfflculty.

6, REF ERENCES

( I) RC A T ra nsistor Man ua l , P a ge 44 0
(2 ) M. Kindler: Eln Tran s is to rk o nverter rue 14 5 MHz
mit gu te r vc r-eele ktton
UKW- BE RIC IITE 6 (1966) 11 . 2, P a ge s 88 to 97
( 3 ) R. Le nt z: Der P C 97_ Ko nve r ter
DL· QTC 34 (196 3) n. e, P a ge s 268 to 273
(4 ) Ch. Ju nge : Dt'r P C snu-xcnverter
DL _QTC 35 (19 641 H. 8 , P a ge s 470 and 471

E DITOR IAL NOTES

T he values gtven In Section 5 cannot be conside red a8 absolute values be ,
cauae t hese m e a euremen te ar-e _ except fo r t he amplification rnea aur-ernent
_ extremely critical an d di fficult to re produce. However- the com par-ieon
can be clearly 8et'n a nd we consider the table to be tnfor-muttve,

-, -
 In th e m e a n time. a e rea t number of th e deacr-tbed conver-ter-a have been
buUt, meaaured and te a te d un der pra c ti cal conditiona. Thla ha a aho wn th at
th e gtven e pectftc ettone ha ve been a ch ie ved a nd, In aome caaea , exceeded,
Th e a lienmt"nt la uncritic al a nd ca n be achiev ed without diftlcultie a. The
prac ti cal te a t wa a ca r- r-ted out by DL 3 SPA a t a good clear locatio n a t an
altitude ot 600 m etre s (181 5 tt. ) ua ln g a 16 ele me nt an tenna . Th e te at
pro ved th a t th e conve r ter la , In a ll r -e spects, equ a l to a good tubed typ e
a nd , In co nt r a at to pa at conve r te r a e q ui pped with co nve ntiona l tran a iator a,
s hewe d that the c r-oee-mcdute ttcn c ha rac te ristic a were not wcr ee than
th oae of a eood t ube conve r te r .

We woul d l tk e to point o ut tha t e uropean a mate r ua can uae the F ET tr-ans ,

istor t ypes OF 244 a nd BF 24!l i natead of the T IS 34. They are electrical.
Iy complelf'ly identical to th e T IS 34 (Boc ket ccnnecttone a re gtven In
Flg ,l l . It t he tran a i lltor "fIS 45 la uaed t or the two osc il la tor t ranalato ra
T 4 a nd T 5 a g reate r a uxilia r y fe equ en c y level la obtai ned wh ich e nable.
th e a m plification ot th e conve rter to be Inc r ea ae d to 2!l to 28 d B.

For e ur o pean r ea dera th e printe d ci rcuit boa rda , coli torm e r a a nd tr im.
me r-e are available fr om :
Ve r lag UKW· BE R ICIIT E, lIan a J, Dohlua , OJ 3 QC . D 852 0 E rla nge n, Gt e i .
wtt eer s t r , 45, Pc a tech eck , Konto 30455 NlIrnbE'rg , w e s t Germa ny (ee e ctee-
aifled advertlaeme nt) ,
Non e uropea n r eade r a should ap ply to th e ir eepee eentt ve e wh ich a re Ua ted
o n th e t lr at Inne r cove r .

VERON VHF BULLETIN

ENQUIH EDITION

P. 0 , BOX 13 ICHIID"" HOLLAND

Subl c rlbflrs to the v e r on VHF Bulleotln a re to be (ound nearly fl Yflr ywheo r e

on all conti ne nt., T hl. I. no wonde r becaus e our periodical of(e rs you the
very lat eat Information and newe about tbe lat ea t developments In the field
of MoonbOllnce, s a te ll ite tracking and lut but not leaat "Pr ojec t Moonr a y",
Y ou shou ldn' t put off until tomorr ow what ca n be done today; t hflre(or e,
don't dfllay, wr ite off t bla very mome nt lor your own tr ee copy t o :

VERON VHF BULLETIN

I NQU I H EDITION

• 10 • ..
 P HASE ·LOCKED OSCILLATO R FOR TRANSMIT AND RE CE IVE MIXER S
AMATE UR RAD IO EQUIP MF NT

by K. P . T lm m.nn. OJ 9 Z R .nd V.Thun , OJ ~ ZV

I. INT RODUCT ION

On ob .e rvini n..wly d" velop ..d prore ••lo n. 1 VHF t r. n. m IUe ra an d re c .. rvere,
It w ill be neue ..d Ih.t t h.. . purlou • •11". 1 .nd cro.. - modu latlon c he r ac t .. •
r l . tl c . h. vt' b....n Imp rov..d . For Ina t'nc t' , .. qulpm..nt which h• • b.... n ... .
p..c1. Uy d..ve lo p..d for ... r ona utl c. 1 re d tc com mu nlc. tl on. I. on t'n ..qu ip p..d
with fl eld · .. Uect- t ra n. ht o ra in th .. Inpu t .nd tlrat m l.... r . t. i ... . Th i . i.
follow..d by ne r-row ban d (Ute r . with . t.... p . kl n • • nd hlih Ilu ..nu. tlon r' r
from th.. c ..nt r .. fre qu ..ncy , ". i. c ry . t.1 fil t .. r •. It la po..lbl .. In thi' m. n -
n.. r to o bta in . n e ..t r e m ..ly low c r ou_ mo dul. t ion In t h.. Input . ta i e. ( vtr-
tu. ll y eq ue r e dyn . m lc c ha ra c t .. r t euc ot th .. t l..ld - e ffec t · t r a n. l. tora ) lind
to " n.u r" that th e freq u.>nc i... Invol ved In th.. c ro•• -mcd ulettcn do not
r ..ac h th .. IF . t. i ... .

T h.. n..ee... ry t r e quen c y . ta bili ty a nd low e pu r tc u••1V' al rev ..1 o r th .. R!-'

voltaie .u ppUed from th ...uxlll.ry o.clll. to r t o t h.. m l .... r c an b.. obt .ln..d
u . init h.. ph . . .. · loc ke d o.c UI. tor p rlnclpl... T he !ollow ln ll pa ra i r aph. bri .. t·
Iy d... c r tbe th r e e m ..thod . of lI..n.. r .Unll the e uxlli. ry fre qu..nc y • • w.. l1 • •
men ti on lni the . d v. ntll i'" . nd diu dv. nt'i'" of ..a ch . Thl. la foll ow..d by
II detll il ..d d... crlpllon of II pra c tl c. 1 ph..... loc k..d oa c lllat o r ci rc ui t.

2. ADVANTAG ES AND DISAD VANTAG ES O F T il E VARIOUS

OSCI LLATO R T YPES
2.1. FREE - RUNNING OSC IL LA TOR S
V. rl ou ••ltem pt a h. v" been mil de r ece ntly to d... 11ftl fr.... -ru nn lni oac Ul. -
to r' wit h hillh tr.. qu .. ncy at a bility a t tr.. qu"nc l'" ov e r ~ o MHz . Suc h 0' -
c1l1at o r . po...... low e pc r tco • • 11ftl. 1 c om pon..nt . , I. e , t h.. . pu r lou • • ii-
n. ta a nd h. r m onlc • • r .. f.r lower t h.n th e r e qu lre d . li n.1 wh ic h m... n.
thllt Ih ey wlll nol ca u . ...ny edv .. rae e n ec t .ne r fr e qu..nc y mu ltl pllc.tlo n .
T h...utho r h• • built up lI"v" r al .uch o.c IU. to r ci rc uit., .om .. c om p r l .lnll
c.. r.m lc r ... c na nt c ircu li c o m po nent a a nd . lllc on lra n al .tor. with an ou t put
cepe cue nc .. o f I... . th. n 0 .2 pF . T he frequ..nc y . t . bllity obta ined wit h th.....
o.c lllato ra wa a ho we v.. r nOI • • tl. r.cto ry be cllu . .. It wa . not . u fflcl " nt tor
. lngl .. al d..b. nd op.. r. tlon on th .. VII!-' blin d•.

2. 2. OSCILL AT ORS OP E RAT ING ACCO RDING TO r ue F REQ UE NCY

SYNTH ESIS ( S UP E RH ET E RODYNE I PR INCIPLE
In th l. p ri nci pl e . th .. t r .. quenc y of . ...U· ....en ..d o. cl ll . to r I. m l....d wlt h
th e fl x..d fr ..qu"ncy of a cry . t.1 cont ro ll ..d o. cUla tor in o r d" r to obta in
th .. v.rl.bl.. . um fr ..qu ..ncy . Slnc" It la onl y po aa lbl .. 10 build ·up .u ft l -
cI .. ntly . ta bl.. rr.... -ru nnlni oac il l.t ora up t o • fr.. qu..nc y ot . ppr o xlm .t ely
10 MH z wlt houl exten.lv.. m ..llna. II I. n..ce. aa ry t o Ullt' • c .. rta ln amoun t
of filterln i a nd a c. r eful c on. t rucH on t o e n . ure th. t t h.. . pu rt ou a alin. l.
do not c au. e Im aie . , whl .t l.. o r nol. to point . In t h.. r ..c.. lv.. r .

- 11 -
 2.3 . OSCILLATORS O PERATING ACCORD ING TO TIlE P IIASE _LOCKED
PRINCIPLE (OSCILLATOR CO NT ROL L ED BY MEA NS 0..-
FREQUENCY OR P HASE DISCR IMINATION I .
In Ihl. pr-lnclple, the treql.l~n cy o f ••• U -~.cllllld olclllilor II c on t roll ~ d
If u. tr e quency devl.te l f r om Ihe nomln.1 value , Thll I. c . r rl ..d out. for
Inllance. with the .Id ot • motor driven clp'cilor or v'rl ctor dlode l .

The c ontrol .I en l l la obt.lnllld vii' c irculi which h.1 th. t.lk of mldn..
t h~ f r~"",en cy o r phale o f • Ilen.1 volll..e obt.lned f r om th . loc.1 o lic Ula-
tor d own 10 a ppr-c .. lmltel y th e f r. qu ~ n c y of the VFO ( r e ve r ee o f th~ au ~ r ­
hf'terodyn ~ prlnclplf'). T he rf'ducllld fnquen cy o f tne loc a l o lclll.tor II

__-
now c om pa r lll d wllh t h~ VFO fre"",~ncy In • dll crl mln.tor. T hill c on t rol
v olt ' l ~ at the output of th l • •t'llII I, mttlr~d and c on t rol . th e f r f'"",lIIncy
o r th e oac lll. to r w ll h the .Id o r • v.r. ctor d iode .
.... . ..
-_.... -
....
0--•
.••_. ~
r-: ...*---------------------------------:1
M.... ..... "" ..._ ..... _ - ..... .....
---
•...".... ..._........ _....·1

I~ {¥
:I
_
..
,
OiL ~
"''""' It rr I 11'-' -<tar ~l•
I~ ..-
i]
i:---
't- rW- nl I

I
I
I
If"l' I

--,....
""." ,
'. -
-
~=
_ "' _ -
•
:i!i
,
I
I
I
I
.. ...- .__ ... --.....
'.. II
~

........ _...
~,_
Cl.I' " ~_J

PI, I a,.. . . '•• '. .. .. .. . "". .. .'.. . 001 000" ' ....

T h...d vanta.. e of th ll m e th od la that the au .. U1ary oaclll.tor o pe r at .. a cern -

plllll ely apu r loua - t r e e a nd that thl c on t rol de vt e e doea not r f'qu l r e a I.r....
1m 000nt o f fIIt e r ln .. and ee reen te .. . On~ dlladvant...e of thl a m~thod la thllt
a .. ood cem p r-em tse mUlt be c . r d Ull y d~t.rml ntld eetwe..n th o.' low-nol le
leve l .nd th lll lo ck-In pe riod on v. ry ln.. t h. o.clll ato r fr~qu f'n cy .

Funhermore. It unfa vourab le RC ru ter link. wlll r~ ee llllct.d for th e c on trol

volta..e , an oac Ul.U on ot the c on t ro l Ci rcuit c ou ld be oble rved. whic h c a n,
how .. v ~r. b.. e .aUy ccc nt e r e c t e d .

3. TIIlW lt Y OF OPEHATION ( ...11 . I )

We would Uk e to .. .. pl.ln thlll opt'r.t lon o f the ph. ae -Iocked pr inc iple wit h
th e a id o f t h~ bloc k d l'l r.m ..Iv t'n In "-1,. I . L.. t u. rl r ll ly a ..u me tha t
t he cont rol VOIt," 1II ( U c ) connec tl on II b rokllln . An RF I lm . 111 t .k..n from
th lll o lcm.tor . which I. oltClII .Un, a t a fr "qullln c)' f adja cent to the re-
l
qu lr..d nom in a l frt'q u..ney , Ind la m ind with th .. flx t' a u r.lll ary frequllln cy
fol ( o r with l e vera l tlu'd fr.. quencl.. a In the e u bee que nt 1t "IIII). T h ia h.a
been mad.. In o r d.. r t o obtain. lo..er frequen cy fl ..hlch la within t h.. tre -
qUf'nc )' r.n, lll o r thf' vlrl.bl.. lu .mary oltClllllo r ( VI-'O J. ThO' fr""",lIIn c )'
o f thl a o_cll ia to r ta .dju.t lll d to the fr.. quenc y f0 2 '
- 12 -
 A frequf'n cy o r ph . ... com pu·l.on ea n now b.. c. r rl e d out In t he Bu bB" -
qu.nl Bt. Il•.

3. I . F REQUENCY CO MPARISON
In orde r 10 obl.in the requ lr.d a urn Is-equency f o l + f0 2 from fl' let UB
flntl y . uume thai w. h.v• • c i rc u it In whi ch w. c . n c c m pa r-e both tre-
qu e nclO'. t o an oth.r . A c on t rol volt.it' a h ou ld be avall.blt' .t the out put
wh ic h i. both of the c o r r ec t Bien and proportlon.1 t o the freque ncy dUft'-
r-ene .. b.. tween f l . nd f 0 2 ' If th e c ont rol line La n ow r e c on n e c t e d, the rre-
quency f l o f the loca l oac ll l. t o r will ( If th .. p ol .rlty ia co r r e c t ) be ee-
duc e d by me.n B of the va r Bc l or diode until

I ' and thu a

1 '"
It c an be a e en that a re aiduBI frequen cy deviat ion exl . " be tween the f re-
quen cy f l o f th. loca l oacillat or a nd the nom inal frequency when u a in, a
tr e quen cy dl a crlm inat o r . Since a uc h clrcuita are m or-e t' xt e nalv. l ha n phaa.
c o m pa ra to r cf rcu tt e , 11'1 . latter ar. nonna lly .mploy.d .

The d laadvantale o f the pha at' ccm pa rt ecn c i r c u it , namely th at the local
oac il lato r wil l be am b li\l ou . ly c o ni rolled . 1 frequen cy dev latlon a o f ""veral
hundred H ~ bf'twe e n the t wo fre quen cie, In qu .. euon , c a n be compen aated
fo r with th e aid o f a a pe el a l lock -in circuit .

3. 2. PHA SE C O M PA RISON USING A SYNC HR ONOUS D EMODULA TOn

{ F ill . 21
Normal de m od ula tion ci rc u lta CBn be u af'd In th e pha ae c omparal or c i rcu it
( ph a a O' d l ac r lminal o r) If I i'll' DC com po ne n ta a re not , up p r eued.

The ue e of , ay nc h ronou, dem odu lat or ( ayn c h ronoua detect o r . product de_
te ct or) a, a pha,e di acrlmlnator l a sh ew n in F II. 2 . The dlode a ar. con -
ne ct e d an ti-pha ae ( Fill . 2a) and ar. fe d In pu ah_pull with U I a , well
with U02 In puah .pu . h . Two example. of difft'r...nl ph u e po.ltlon a between
a.
U I a nd U 0 2 are ahown in the ve ct or dia,ram [ Fill. 2b) . The out pu t ve t -
ta ll. U c • • a fun c ti on of the pha a e po .llion r .. au lta approximately from th e
dtffe renc .. In le n llth o f th .. two vee to re a ho wn a a da ,hed Hn e a :

I !
UD2

0'

.. •
I·,
J I"'
I~
0 'r l ~,:\ "/:~~, ~:,
~\!? •
1 e e
• 1 c" .~, . t1 ....."" o.q. 1 .II.,• toO• ••
.II" .I JO· Tho " Uc ., "' . - cl h ...., 11 _ _co .. .... "".' 0
"H
. """ .'.H.' .". l>o""" . 11,' ••• II••
u,' . " "
u, 10. " .....~ v' ".... ~'o """ 1 to .... bo.... _
II ,DC ••n.oo '.'.""'11 .' "'• .... _ ''''11''* IJoo 110.
~,

FI\I 2 ; CI' ,ul t 010'.0 Vo,"'. 0 '0"0'" 0"" C~ o'o<t.' I.tl c Cu, •• of tI'I. Out put Volt "\I' U. of ..
S,"c/I,onou. O o<I ul..' o.
- 13 -
 Ue r.n. frQm . m 'Jr.lm ...m va lu. at a fr aq<l.nc y dlff.rt'nc. of .d cp • 0 to
ee r-c a t .dq> , 90 0 an d wlll become n. ,aUve a t .r.at.r pha •• dlff. renc ••
un t il .d<J' ' 180 0 I. re . ch .d .

T he c urve dlU.ra .....nU.lly fr om . eoe tne function It UI an d U2 a r e

a pp roJr.lma t.ly of e qual a mpll tud• . Thl l d. vl.t lon II. In our c•••••Jr. tr••
m el y ra vou r abl. et nee the ce nt re po rt io n o f th e c h.ract. r l.Uc cu rve i.
n . lI.r. ( On t he ot h. r hand, when u.ln• • uch c irc uit. fo r am pllt ud. an d
. In, l• •Ideb.nd d.m od ul.!lon, th e v.l.... o f U0 2 mu .t b. at 1•••t !I ti me.
, r.at. r th.n UI to . n . ur. a low d l lt o rt lon te ve t j .

It f0 2 a nd f l' dtrf.r . Ii,htly fr om an ot her, th l . will co r r • • pond to a e on ,

tl nou.ly Incr.a.ln, phI' . dlrt.r.nc . and Uc will nu ctult. p.rlodlcally with
th e d lrte n 'nce fr.qu.n c y In th e form o f a dl .t ort.d AC vo lta .e. At i r.l t. r
frequency dl rt.re nc ••• th. am pll tud. o f thl. a lt. ma Uni valla•• will be r . ·
duc.d rlpidly due- 10 th. RC tl lI.r lin k r . qulr.d by the eu-c...lt.

It th. c on t rol nne I, conn.ct.d and th . fIIt .rlni I. not t oo i r •• t , lar, .r

pha ' . d iffere nc e. d o not u . ua Uy occu r .... hl ch c ould c.uae th . ph ••e.loc k
o f th e loc . 1 o.c lll.lor to b. un.ync hron ind, eve n It the VFO I. tune d o r
th e r e . on lnt ci rcu it o f t he- loc al olc Uil to r detunlld. A ph a ee d lffe r e ne e bet -
we e n U l a nd V 02 . 1Il(htly d. vl.llni from 90 0 II a lway' pr. l .nt.

J. J . P IIA SE CO MP ARISON VSING AN ~NVELOI' E D EMOD ULATOR

( t'I •. J I
A .lmpll' d lod . c u-cv u ca n o f't e n b. u • • d a . a ph • • e dl . crl mln at or , F i• .
l aho .... . a n ex am ple of .uch a c i rc uit with 1.... 0 vecto r- d la.ram . and an
IlI u.l rallon . ho .... ln. th . out put volta• • a . I func t io n o f th e pha • • dIU.r.nc e .
T h. ou tpu t voltai. Uc I• •pproidma t. ly proportlon.l t o th e I.net h of Ih.
r-•• ullini vecto r- . nd I• •I..... y. po.ltlv. (o r n. ,llI v. If th . d lod . I. 1'.'
vera. d I. 'rne control voll a, e Vc I. only UrQ wh. n V I an d U 2 a r • •qu. l -
Iy .n·at o r It th e lum vo lt••• il be lo w th. t h r ••ho ld o f the d iod e,

w her-• • • th e . y nc h ronool d.m odu lltor . u pp U•• an outpu t vo lt . ,• • t ac e I"

ta ln pha •• dlfter.. nee , n.m. ly 9 00 , .... ho•• a m plitud. il Ind..p..nd ..n t of th..
m a inl tud e . of V I an d Vol (nam.ly ze ro I. th. ..n v.lop. d e modulat or, how·
ev.. r-, will c.u.e Uc to r ••ct to I ny v. ri . tl on of V I e nd V 0 2' T he u t tll·
:r:.Uon o f Ihll cl rc ult II. in many c ••••• IImll.d by th l ••• II th. uI. bl.
pull -In r ani. of t he loc.1 o.cll ia to r .

t:-\"
,,~/Lv:
I ..

'I
~I
I ++++++++N-H+++-
• ~
<D ..' .. to '
• 1Or.... 0..
u,' • I
1101 ,_
..... OC
.,
..
~

h." '.0 " '''0'

,,.., "" ..
.. -
'I n ... c.••_ ••
4 •••0
"" OC ..,

I',,~ '
"" , 110'

_.... . .
"' ,_,..
.lc........... p .~

""1110 1._ .n.. ",I>0_

• •_ of
u,..~~ U"
.

Clocu' f 0 OO9'Il... . Yoc'or O'llll 'Il'" lind Cl\1I"'C r.". tIC C... . . of_
o...l put Yo/fOil. lit: 0 1 0 " E.... l _ [HmOtlullll llI

• 14 •
Fr" qu..n cy dU f" rl.'nc ... b..t w.. e n U I IUld U02 co rr"lIpond t o. conll nu ou . In .
en o r d.. c r ... ... o f Ih .. ph. ... d iUe r .. nee, whi ch I• •1.0 th e c a . ... with
th yn c hronou. d ..modulator, T hi ll cau.... pe rlod lc nuct llatlonll of U c a t
th .. dtrf.. r" n ce fr.. qu pnc y

'.2I . I',
At Ilr e a t.. r d ..v latlOllIl. th.. AC c o mpon e nt o f Uc will faU an d th e DC com -
p on.. nt will appr oxi mately r each the .1lJ1l"
valu e a ll ",hrn . y n c h r on lz e d
( ph .... diff.. r en e e .dCf' . 0 I .

3. 4 . F ILT ERI NG O F Til E CO NT HOL VOL TA G E

S incr any v. rlallon o f the con trol vol lage Uc will c a u." a ph. ... o r rr..-
qu rncy m o du la ti on of Ul , th .. c on t rol voltall" m u . t b e ca r e full y fill e r .. ~ ,
RF c ompon..nt . from th .. c on t rol c l l'<' u ll o.c ill a t o r. , al.o f h.. o.cllI a to ril
and Int .. rm e d lat r I r-equ e nc l.. . ot th .. r e c .. tve r, can c a us e a mcdateuo n o f
t h.. local o.c Ula to r tr .. qu..n cy If th ..y r ..a c h th e va racto r d lod .. .. T h.. lIa m "
I. v. ll d for AF Int " r fe r ..nc .. , n ol .... hllm ..rc ,

On th .. ot he r h and. t h e ril te rlnll . hould n ot d a mp the cll'<'l1l1 In .\Ic h a

mann.. r , th.t th e c on trol vo lt alle I. not a b le t o com pe n llll.l e fo r a r aJid
pha ll" . h ll'!. o f UI ( e .Il, a . a rl!llult ot a lo ad va r l. tl o n ).

3. 5 . TIf E PHAS E - L OCK RANG E

W.. h. v.. n ot d.. . c rlbe d th e ac tu a l . y ne h r on lz a t lon proc In th e pr"v lou .
c Olllllde r a t ion •• We wou ld, th e r e tore , n ow Ilk e to d c r lbe t h l a p r-oc e a.
In m ore d e tail .

Flrllt ly to t h e bloc k d l.llram ( nil. I ). L.. t II' allaum e thai an In c r " lla to
o f th .. cont ro l vo lt a ge Uc wilt c a u . " the tr.. qu e nc y of th.. Icc.. l o llcUlat o r
to al8 0 lnc r (Ollu' ( the c a pa c it anc e o f th e Vllrllcto r . III thu . lowe r I.

Stll tf' mtont : UI can on ly be ph a ... - Iccke d to fo l + f 02 It U I Ie a d ll t he vcl -

tag... U02 in t he r ange 0 0 to 180 0•

E xp la nlltlon : Le t II' a ll.u m e that th e c trcu tt h a . be t·n controlled in . ue h

a m a nn e r- I hat U I Ir ad . the volta ge U02 by app r ox lmatr ly 90 0 • T he vol -
t al" r a ll o . o f th e dl . erlm lnato r cl rc u lt a re Illv rn a . a v..et c r d lail r am In
Fi i . 3b (o r F ii. 2b I • wh e e e by th .. malln ll ud .. of the c on t rol vol t ag .. l_
glv..n In F ill. ac ( or Fii. ze }. T h e loc a l ollc ill a to r I. n ow detun ed 110
th a t It II f re qu..ncy . li ghlly incr.. a ll.... T h.. pha. to difftor.. nl'''' lJ.t!t w.... n UI lind
U0 2 w lll th e n mer-e.... and Uc wlll d..c r toallf', all I• •h own In F ig. 3c ( o r
F ill . 2c I. "'.1 . tor a p ha .e a nile of 120 0 . 1I0w " ve r , th e o.c m a to r fre .
qu.. ncy I. a l80 r .. du c e d, and thu ll a illo th e pha . e d if fe r e nc e. until the o r-r-
I inal ph.... po llition III virtually a c h ie vt'd .

If th .. lIa m e c onllld .. utlon i. mad", It U I' lal ' U02 . it w lll be s e e n tha t I h..
ph .... d Ulerf'n cf' wil l be cont ro ll e d untll U I I",ad a U02 by 0 0 t o 180 0 .

Thi. mf'r", ly mt"an ll thai th .. p r .. r e qu l. il e ll fo r the c o r rtoct operat ion of th ..

c ircuit a r e on ly met If u j 1"'.IId . U0 2, Furthe r In fo r m a ti on , . ue h a . t he
r t"Je c li on o f c o nt ro l o.c ill a t ionll . I. n ot c o ve r e d. Such c Olt.ld e r a tlon. al80

- 15 _ '
 i •
~
1• erie
,
••

.~
HI
!
.- ~

s
H:'1 ••
,

•3

• ;j;! ·
•
o
• • ~• . ·•
0

", of
•

•
•
u
H

's
•
H
, . 1 ...
1 .>.;, •
...8 e
• 18 -
 . how th lt the rn qu e n ey rl ean Oftly Ju mp to va lue a hl ihe r than th e nom inal
rre qu .,n e y i r the eire'l l! aecord ini to F li . 3a la ua..d an d th .. eOfttrol r an i e
o r th e varae tor d iode ia not exee..ded.

Of eourae , II l a a dvan taieoua for the ope rall n i p o in t and a pee ltlcaUona o f
th e vl raetor d iode a nd the dlac r lmln ator elre uU 10 be a elvcte d ao th a t a
a mall ph a a e variation eaua.. a relatively ireat rr e qu .,ney devlallOft,

4. EXA M I'l.E 01" P HA S E .l.OCK ED OSCIl.l.ATOR C IRCUIT

Of t he ri v e d Ufe ren t oad Ua to r eireulta deve lop ed. th e e t re cu a ho wn In

~·I i . 4 a nd ~ wa a fou n d t o be th e moa t fa voura ble . In th la deae rlpllon , W I!'
wil l nOl d la eu .. th to eoopto ratlon btotwtoen the Individua l slal"s an d their
Im po rl a n e e in r"apeet to th e a.ema tor a. a who l to alne.. th .. n"e"ssar')'
informallon h s s b ee n al r"ldy l i ve n In Seelion 3 and la additionally sho wn
In th e bloc k dlalram I Fii. I I .. aociattod wit h th .. elreult dislra m. T h e
pull -In r anl e o f the deae rlbed ph a a e -I oc k e d oaeUlator Is Inater th an 2
Mil l .

T he rn qu ..nct.. a i iven in th e block an d circuli dial ram are Oftly liven a.

e xamples and can b to m od lfLe d If necea.. ,.,. How e ve r . a complete t r an s -
c eiver ua lnl th ls phase -loc ked oacUlator an d th e ilvt.'n f requt.'nele. will be
d escrib e d In a later todilion o f VIIF' COM MU NiCAT IONS.

OJ 7ZV
OJ 9 ZR

I~'OI'
,.
J!.lli
...
,-ll

IT, •
.. ".
'"
J!.lli
,
t '04 :

•
\J> '" ~" ., "
' ji,.
••
'" ..""" ••H
"
n. t(i)M
" "",, ')1 ,,~ ,
• ... -
,, "
, ""
I !I6OI'u Ci),,,
U

Fig. 4
Mon t ~••
u. ~.

r '
•
Fi9 Ii" CitCult Dtoqra m 01 the local OMillot'ot t or tt>. Ptlo U-locltad O,eUla totl tll
I PI'' ''ld <i<e'l '1 boor d DJ" tv 111 1

• 17 -
 Th e loe a l o.c UI. to r ( FI" .5 ' l a e q ui ppe d with the tran.l .to r T 10 and
o pe rate. in a com m on·ba.e Ihre e .poinl e teoutt , The van el o r d iode 0 .5
ia ('on nee l . d 10 Ih e r .. . onant (' ll"('u ll vi a . 40 pF ('. paclto r, Th. ('anl ral
voi la,.. lJc i' in j t!Cl~ via • ~fl IrQ r ... Ietor-, If Ih .. DC voila,. In('r.a• •••
Ih . ca p ac Ua nce o f Ih. dlod. wllt d e crea . e. thu . c a u.ln, the frequ.ncy to
r l• •.

Th e o.c m.IO r I. follow.d by III amplUl.r , t . , e equ ipped with Ih . low ·r.·
eeu ve t ran_l.lo r T II . A vo lt . '1II or '100 mV - ae r o.. flO n - la . v.lIable
on Ih .. ('OI.I pll n, llnk of Ih .. coll .. c to r- e treu u for th e tn n,mlt o r re ce tve
mh ll'r •.

The In pu l of Ihe conl rol d ~ u lt I' c on n ec t e d 10 tbe loca l o . ('ilI.t o r vi • •

cou p ll n l link ( r. 9(' I . Thl . I II foll owed by • t wo . Ia l '" fUllI'r ( 1. I .nd L 2)
covlll rln , the f r equl"nc y ranle o f Ih.. loc al o.c Hl ato r . a n d a e om mon-emt t t er-
." ll:".
am pll fl .. r Th.. a m p lUlca Uon o f thl a 1I1'le I, . u frld. nl t o d rive th ..
foll owln l m h .. r . Ial",

Th e cryatal o.dllator with t r an a i ll or T '1 a nd t he aubaeque nl fr e q uen c y

m ult ip li er lIa,.. with Ih e Ira n .I .lorT 6 d o n ot po ...... any . peclal fe a lure •.
( or cou r .... It I. a lao po •• lb l.. to ..qu ip th e o.clll a lor wllh a c ..,..ta l 0._
(' lII l1in, a t t he £Iut a Ulllll . ry f r .. qu.n cy and 10 m erl" ly amplify Ihe al",.1
in Ih.. ro llo-inl .mpll fler at.,e I. Slnl!e Ih. lun ln , r .n, e o f Ih e va r i. b le
tr e quency o.c m . to r . 1 Ih e . econd .ull!ll.ry frequen cy I. n ot . u mc l. nt 10
COV l' r the whole 2 metre band. It t. ne ce••• ry 10 u se tw o c ryat . la wh ich
e r e Ih..n . It.. mately . wlt(' h. d int o Cll"('u H via dlode a 0 3 end n 4. Th e o pe -
ra Un, vo lta,.. ror the c rya t. 1 o ae lll ato ra la .ddltion.lly lI .blllr....d with t he
a id o f a p. ...l r an . l. to r ( T 9 ) e n d .6 V ~ e n e r di ode .

The Hf-' vo lt a l '" al th e f requency fo l take n f r om Ihe Irlpl e r . t ' l l" I. f.. d
vi • • c . pa c lto r of I pl" to th.. b• • e of Ihe flrat ml~er w ith tr.n d ator T 2
and thl" .I(IIal f rom th e bu ffe r lIa,e vi a 3,3 pF, A HC lo w - p.aa f UI...r ia
to be found in the e on..e re r e t re u n of Ih e m iller tran,l lI or wh ich only
a li ow a Ihe Inl e rme d la te frequency f l ( Ih... trlll.po.ed loc .l o.cllialo r n-e-
qulm cy I to pa ' •.

The t etmm er- pol l'ntl ometer 1' 1 ta 10 be fou n d In Ihe l'fnllll'r ('ll"('ult o f
Ih • •u b••quen l eom mon. b••• 11.,., T hi. trimmer la prov ided to . dJu. t
Ihe IF cu r r enl . 1 Ih. In pul o f Ihe follow lnl . d dl n, . t a,. to • f.vou n b l..
valu e , Th e addin, . t a , e I' de .I(II..d to . u p p reaa any r eac tion of I he .econd
aUlllllary oa('llIa lo r volt a, ... on Ih e flrat mixer . ta ile ,

Th e tu n In, r .nil' of I he s econd auxllla ry o . c IU.tor ( VFO for f I I. 2.0

02
10 3.0 Mlh In the Cal l" In que. tlo n. Th e Ht' c u r r e nt f...d fr om th l a ceeu re-
l or t o t he ba .e o f th e addln , . ta l . e a n b.. n dJu .led with th e a id o f l' 2.

T he 101.1 R F cu r r e nt fe d t o Ih e b, .1II o f the .ddln, . Ia , e ta th e , . ometrl ·

ca l s u m o f I he eom pon e nl . o bt. ln e d f rom th e 11" bufrer . I'ie and th e . ull! .
II.ry v. rla ble f N' qul"ncy o.c m. to r, T he co r r.' poIldi n l v" Clor d la,r.m I•
• hown In F li ' 3 b, Th e r e a ullln, eUrN' nl la a m pli fi e d In the a u b••quen t
Ir.na hrt o ra T 4 . n d T~ .
T he ph ••• ('om p. rlaon fi na lly t. ke. pl. e . In th . r.et trl. r c l r(' u ll, T hill
200 pF c. p.ello r repr. a...nt • • " . t ora , .. ca pac ito r " 10 whi ch a lo.dln , rIO'
. i.lo r a nd a HC lin k a " connf<ct.d In para lle l , Th la la follow ed by a •• r l••
rea t.to r a nd a n ab.o rpl lon cll'(' ult fo r th e Int erm edl. l . fN'qu ... ncy r .n,. a.
well &II. RC li n k con. I.Un, o f 2'10 0 11 j,I 1" ,

• 18 •
T hl . filt e r ne t ....ork L. calc ula ted .0 that t he IF voltall e c an not be pIl . ....d
via the c ontrol line to th e c on t rol d iode. On m e ot he r han d, Lt "'n.ure.
th.t th .. f r .. quency c on t rol I. m ade r a pLdly e nd that no o. clll.U on o r th ..
control ci rc u it can occu r .

The loc k- In e r rc u u c omp rl .lnll the un lJun ct lon tran.lator T 8 I. connec t ..d
10 the cont rct line . The characlerl.Uc re .t u ~ of Ihe unlJunctl on tran . talor
I. the r. ct t ha i . c ha nlle -ove r . .... lt ch lnll take. place b..I......en the em itte r
and bue I .... hen th e emltter_b• • e volt . lle exceed . a c e rtain value .... hlch
I. dependent on the vo lla lle b..t ...... ..n ba .e I and ba .e 2.

In the c • • e Ln que ettcn, Ih.. t ....o R f' voltall"••Im ult llfle ou. ly f..d 10 Ihe r .. c -
Ufl e r diode a r" ad Ju .t"d In . uc h • m.nn"r Ih al Ihe unljunctlon tran . I.l or
. .... tt che hen the fr eq u"ncy fl fal " OU I o f .ync h r on lz a Uo n. Th" I II F c e -
pa clt or 111 the n d l.('harlle o ve r the "mltter-ball" I pat h, the con l rol vet-
talle ....111 fa ll and the loca l oRc ll lato r .... i11 jump to a lo ....e r- t r e que:, c y . The
c a pe c ttc r- I••lo....ly recharlled , til" f r"quency fl and Ihu . a l .o f l .... i1l In _
cr-ee se , A R .oon a. ' 1 h• • vi rtually the . am e frequen('y a . f 02 .nd ('ome.
int o Ihe ph• • e-Iccked ranlle, the IIU m Rf' voltalle and Ihu . the r ..ctlfi..d
( an d r1Iteredl voltalle ....111 d" crea Re a nd ....111 balance Ihelf. In the d n c r Lbe d
circ uit, Ihe freqp"n cy o f tile 10c.1 oRcllla to r .... m be . .... e pt Ihroullh the
.... ho le ranlle In apprcxtmetely 10 m a, .... hou ld th e frequency fa ll 01.11 o f llYn-
c h ronl~ .t1on .

We ....ould no.... Uke t o mention Rom e c ha r . c t e rl.Uc. o f th .. u nijun ctlon t ran-

. I.to r : Attention mu tt be paid .... hen c oo nec tl n ll the unlJu nction Ir an . l,tor
that the polarUy o f the t ....o bue c on nec tion. I. c o r r ec t. Bale I i . c on -
nected to t he ne lla ti ve an d bale 2 to the poan tve pole.

T h" c h. ract e rl . Uc c u r ve I, lliven In F ill. 6; the voltale bet ...."en the e m it -

t er and t he ba .e I• • h o....n vertically .nd the e m ill e r c u r r ...n l horlzont.lly .

1 ~ . ..... _ ' N " '

U~ . ,... ..ft, ..
1 I ., " ft! e>tI', . .,
u.. I .,_, "",...
l~ 1.
r:...,tt., u " .ft' 11 _

",
Ag. 6: Indi vidual ctlaroctH IRtlc
UI " . · IOY and fv.mllr 01 d\o ra d erll tlU
01 ° UnlJunctlon "onl iltol

om,
( .... " .. . .. " ... 1 I I _ 19 •
 A .mall am ount o r e mlne r cu rren t will n ow a t an e m ille r • ba •• 1 vel-
t a i e o f U EB 1 • 0 wh tch wtll aU empt t o po. ltive l)' c ha rie the em llle r: the
c u rre nt la in th e o rde r of a few m ic roampa for th e m aj o rit)' o f unlJ uncUon
tran a l et or ty pee , If a va ria b le vo lt a ie aOllree la placed betw e en th e . m itt. r
and th e baae an d then Increa ..d. th e cu rre nt will flre tly d e cre a . e to z. e ro
an d will th en Incre ..... but wH I r em ain a t a lo w le ve l. Wh..n th e au ppU e d
volta l" fi n a lly r . a ch e a th.. pl!'a k o f th . c u rv e I " aw lt c tlln i vo lta ie" I. t h e
n e l a li ve portion o f th e c h a rac te rlallc will b. r e a ched : th e e m ttt .. r • ba •• I
r e a l.tanc .. Ie eo em ail th at th e vol t' ie drop a; a c ur r e nt re.u lta wh ich I.
on ly limited by th e i m ped ance o f th .. vo lta," .ourc.. ( If th e com pone nt h a .
n ot been d .. at roye d previoua to thl a I. Th e r e turn a wit c hlnl will not occur
until th .. auppU..d voltal" d r op. b el ow th.. noal dua l vol ta,.. l.. v.. 1 o r u ntil
th e cu r rent I. "duced below t he pea k .... 11,1 • • Thla pl!'ak v.lue o f t he c h ••
r.cte n etlc. whi ch r e p r e . ent . t h...wlt c h in l po int. can be varied by alte r -
Ini th e vo lt'ie b.tween b... 2 and b.ae I .

In th e e... of th. dea crlbed circui t . the orli lnal c on d ltlo n of th e uniJunction
t ran a l et o r la ob ta in e d by d lac har,l nl th e c a pac lt o r . U th e capecltan c .. of
thl a capac it o r I. i reate r th an 0.2 jJ F. It will be .d.... nt a l . ou . to p la ce.
r e al at o r Into the .mltte r o r b.... I le.d.

e. ME CHA NICA L ASSEM BLY ( FI,. 7 to 9 I

The circuit ac c ordln, t o FI, . • la ac com moda ted on . p rin ted c i rc u it board
ae .hown In ~·I ,. 8 with t he d lm .. nalona o f 7$ mm r. U O m m , T h.. circuit
of the f"e- 1"\lnnln, o ac ill at o r , •• ,Ive n In F I, . $. Ie con telned on th e
prlnll!'d c irc uit boa r d . ho wn In F li . 9 . Th e I.tt e r I. $0 r. 8$ mm In e in.
F illJ rl!'a 8 a n d 9 . 1.0 in clude th. com ponen t lo c etl on pl an a a. w.1I a. d e -
taU. r elard ln , the c o m po ne nt s an d value • . Th e m ountin g o f t he com ponen t.
onto th e two p rinted c ircult board. ahoul d be made In c on j un c ti on wll h th e
t wo circUli dta,rama a nd the location pl ana Fl,. 8b and 9b. Th. a. plana
contain all detaHa wilh the " c .. ptlon of th e coil data wh ich i. liven In th ..
follow lnl c h a pt e r . T he photoiraph FII . ~ &howa the apeclmPfl board ae -
a . m bl)' built -u p by the au th o r OJ 7 Z V.

• 20 -
 •Fig. 9a
prtnted Cir cuit Board
OJ 7 ZV 002
for t he Loca l 0 8cUl ator
accordi ng t o Fi g, 5

. . F ig. Sa
Prin ted Cir cu it Board
OJ 7 ZV 001
for tne Pnaee-Locked
Os c il lator
accor ding -rc F ig. 4

ceu Dn l .
I. I • 6 tum. of 0 .8 m m d la . ( 20 AWG ) P VC In au l a l tod c o pp e r wi t ..
....ou nd o n a 8 m m c o il fo rm e r e quippe d wit h .. VH F c o r" . Coil
h'nith epp r-oxtme tety 8 mm , Co li ta p I tu r n fr om thO' c o ld ..nd .
I. 2 • ~ t um..; w i N.'. c o il fo r me r a n d co r.. a . fo r L I . Coil \..n gth ep -
p roximately 6 rn m . C oli ta p I tu rn fro m th e c old ..n d . Sllael nll
btolw....rl t h.. c t'nt r to poi nt _ o r L 1 a nd L:I • 12.5 mm .
I. 3 • 3.5 tu rn e: wi re . c o ll form e r an d c o r . all fo r L 1. Coil l" n it h
approxi ma tely of m m ,
I. 4 • L 3

• 21 _
 •
Fl&,. li b
Compont' nt Location Plan
01 Prlntl'd Circ uit Board
OJ'J ZV 002

Fig. 8b
Component Loca tion Plan
of Printe d Circuit Board
OJ '1 ZV 001.

L ~ • 7 .S tll ma of I m m dll. ( 18 AWG' , Uvtor- plall'd coppe r- win'

woun d on a 6 mm ccn term e r- t' qu lppt'd wi th . vln' core. Coli
,"!tIit h approximatE' ly 9 m m . Coli t ap • • b • O. S lu r n,.
L 6 • Choke, I i 111m. of 0 . 3 m m dt l . ( 29 AWO ) e nammeled cop per-
wiN' wou nd on • ple d a " " rod o r ot ht'r pl.,Ue former o f 6 m m
diame te r.
I. 7 • Chollfi', 46 tum' of 0.3 mm dl•• I 29 AWG I en_mm_lt'd copper-
wi,.. wou nd on • 8 mm fonner almUar 10 L 6 .
L 8 • Choke , 23 turn. of 0.3 m m dlao (29 AWG) enammeled coppe r
wlr. wound on • 4 mm dl.o re. llio r .

- 22 _
L 9 • 4 tuma of I mm dla. ( 18 AWe J ,lIv. r- plat.d eepper win- .... oond
on a 6 mm coli form.r .qulp~d .... lIh a VHf" CO" . Coli I.neth
app ro.lmal.ly II m m . Coil t a p e - d. 1.'1 lu ma .
L se Co uplln, l in k, I tu m of 0.8 mm dla. 1 20 Aw e I P VC Inaulal.d
c oppe e .... Ir ou nd onlO L 9.
L 10 • 3.5 tum a; h·. and coil term er- aa fo r L I. III-' co re.
L I OC. 2, '15 tum ,; win aa for L I .... ound b..l w. ..n th .. lurna or L 10,
Ch I • 15 lu m . of O. 3 mm dla. 12 9 Aw e I en. mmel.d coppl'r wlr. etc.. .
wwn d onto. 2.5 mm dl., re.lalor,
Ch 2 • Wlde band cho k.; rl'r rl le b.ad, I•• • t'. rroxc ube Ty~ VK 200 10/4
from Val vo o r .lmlla r .

T I B t' 224, B F' 155 o r 2N 34'18

T , B t" 224, DC 131. DC 109 or 2N 918
T 3 2 N 370 4 , BC 131 or BC 109
T • 2N 310 4 . DC 129 o r BC 10'1
T • 2N 3'1 02 1 l' NI' I
T ' B t" 2201, B F' 152, SF 1'13 or 2N 347 8
T 7 2N 3704. BC 129 o r BC 10'1
T '
T 9
T IS 43 o r 2N 489
2N 3'104. BC 129 o r BC 101
TIO B t" 224. B F 173 o r 2N 918
T II Bt" 224 o r 2N 34'18
D I AA tl2 or I N 38
D' OA 126/8 . I N 4 30, I N 1931 (Zener: 8 V, 250 m W I
03 ,04 AA 112, OA 182. I N 118A o r IN .. 1ll
D' BA 110, BA 121 ( V.rac lo r: 10 p F al 2 V I

6. ALIGNM ENT
T h. follow in,m . a au r ln , In. t n m . ntl a re rll'qul r e d fo r t he aU if\ mll'nl p ro-
clI'du r ll'; A d ip m et e r-• • m. lll a of monlt orln , th. flud fre qu. ncie a fo l .nd
Ihe ou lpu t frtoquen cy a. w.n ••• DC m ultlm.t. r . a . ult a bly . ....lIch.d "A
ml-ll'r 1 hl,h rl'.la tanc l' m.ler wit h . 10 V t 'SD la . u ffic ll-nl I o r • '1, 1...
'loll me te r- 1 VTVM I.

Connl'c l IItI VTVM t o th e con l rol 'lo ll',,, conn.c llon ® and ahon eon-
n" c li on @ t o , roun d.

PC board PC board
OJ7ZV ooi OJ12V ool
'OIl' VTVN
t 'I , . 10
Voil a, ,, M. a au "m .nl Volta,'I' M. a au nm.nl
ualn , • vo lt m. t.r ualn, , VTVM

- 23 -
 Th.. 1Io1l1lT1Inl' nl o f Ih e pr lntt'd c i rcu li board. I. c llo r rl .. d oul In thp following
mann l!'r:
I) Equ ip Ih f> I' e board IlJ 7 7. V 001 I ~·Ig. 8 ) with a U com p..n ..nt . with
thl!' \"lI c ..pt lon of Ih.. u nl Junc li on t ..an . l . tor /lfId e co neer th,' o l' e rallng
voltag... A 1'1 0 1... l.. v.1 a hou ld b. ob... rved a l Ih . con t rol vo ltag e con -
n..ctlon @
b) Align thl!' c ryah l oaclllalo.. and th .. frt>qu ..nc y m u lHpU. . . .tag .. . .rI e l'
whi ch th e fro:-qu"n cy fo l ahQllld hi!' monlt ort'd .
c) A.... mb l.. Ih .. p r lnl..d circ Uli board OJ 7 Z V 002 acco r ding to Fi g . 9.
Conno:-c t a 60 O lo:- rml n a tl n g r .. a lat or 10 Iho:- OUl pu t a nd a lign th l!' c irc uit
ao Ihat th l!' ro:-qu lr.d frl!'quo:-ncy rango:- fl of 1 3~ Mll z 10 137 Mil l ia
ob tain d a t a c on trol vo lt a g l" of Uc • 3. 2 V to 3. 8 V. Th l!' c ont r ol
vo ltag l' U c la takt'n f rom a baltt>ry during Ih .. aUen m ..nt p r OC".. du r .. .
Th .. Crt'qu..nc y [ I . hould n ow hi!' monlt ore d . T hl. can bt· c ar- r-te d oul
by ml xlnl CI with. 9 MIll IIlgn a l t o o bt ai n th e f rl"qu"n cy o f 1401 MH z .
0) Build up tht' alllnm l'nl c i rcu li for thl!' mten o f t he p r ln l l'd circ u it
bo a rd UJ 7 Z V 001 ( "·Ig. 8 ). Th e VFO 1M atl ll 1'1 01 connecu-d. 1'1,11'11'
Ihp prlntpd circuit ( F ig, 9) Crom CI • 1 3 ~ Mill t o 137 Mil l by a lt .. r -
Ing the l' on t ro l vo lla ll" f rom Uc .. 3.2 V 103 ,8 V. Monl l or Ih .. 1401
Mll z fr.· qu ,·nl'y r u1Unll a n e r milling with tht· 9 Mill aUllllla ry f r to,-
' Iu..nc y, T h l!' Ihr al a g"a locat ..d on pr lnh·d ci rc u lI board n, I 7 Z V 001
com p rlaln g I. I , I . 2 and L 3 a r " n ow 1Iollgn..d eo th/ll Ih t> rf>qul r .. d
b/lfldpa .. c h a nNl!' r ia Uc l a obtained.

M..Ie r I a hou ld Indlcal l!' .pproltimal.. ly ~ V . Swllch l'rya lal. Q I /lfId

Q 2 o f th e fo l o.cl Ua tor to th .. ecr ee et poa ltion by o~r.l\ ng a wltc h
S I.
e) O la c onn ..c t th .. . Ign .' vo lta, .. c on n.ction I U. I b.. r w.... n thp I WO p r ln tl'd
circ u li bo. rd a. f·....d [nqut' ncy f';2 from Ih .. va rta blt> f r p'l"o'n c y 0._
clllato r to c on nection (j) o f prlnl ed c irculi boa rd UJ 7 Z V 001. Th e
V..-O . hou ld prc vree an Hf' vo lt a go:- o f at It' ••t 1.0 V ov.. r t he whol..
f r .. quo·nc y nn ll" , Th.. r .adlng on m ..t e r 1 .hou ld Ind ic.t.. 4. ~ to !\. ~ V
uu r ln g Ihl. m ... . u .... m .. nt ,
o Connec t t h.. two c lr'Cult boarda to /lfIoth.. r by m .. an . of a aho n cOllx la l
c a bl e. Th.. unlJun ction t r.n al at or l' 8 h ilt .UlI 1'1 01 b.. m oun tt·d on l O
pr lnt t'd c i rcu it bo a rd ()J 7 Z V 0 0 1. All ow th e f rpquo'n c y [I to bp ve r-ted
ov pr th.. who l.. ran g .. t r am 1 3 ~ Mtll to 137 Mill by d l.c ha rll lnil rhe
I u'" ca paci to r a l th .. "mltt "r or thl!' unlJun c ti on t n n lliato r T 8 . Tho'
vo lta lil" r .. ad lng on m .t.. r I .hould b.. In Iho' rang .. or 3. 2 V to 3. 8 V,
It thl. I , till' ClI.all' , t h.. ay nc hron ll a tlon proc.. . . II o pt'r'ltlnl co rn·ctly.

(DV FO

PC boa rd
,
DJ7ZV OOI ,,0

F ill . II Allirunt'h t Ci rc u li I . ... I'lg, 10 I

- 24 -
 PC board
•
OJ 7 ZVOOl ,,0

@ us @

Fir. 12 Op eratl Olla l C l rcui l

A cle a n al ena' ahoul d n ow be h ea rd in the re cei ver . T h e cont rol vol-

t a ge Uc I. n ow va ri e d by de tu n ln l th e oBc lll a to r fr e que ncy fl ( F i r . ~
o r F i r . 9 , . T h e ay nc h r on lz e d c ondition aho u ld , h owe ver, be m a int ain e d
u p to + 1 V o ve r th e wh ole r an i t' o f the VF O . II m ay be nece••ary
to r e - d bc h. rg e th e I,. F c a p.cllo r a l the e m it te r o f T 8. II . h oul d
n ow be po . a lble fo r th e o ut put fre quenc y f, 10 be va r ie d ov e r the wh o le
o f the 2 MH it wide rrE' qut'n cy ba nd by l unin g th e VFO ( See Fi,l . 12 [ ,
g) T h e ayn c h r on ha tl o n a hou ld be c h e c ked a t all p o s ttion a o f th e r an i e;
. he r wh ich th e al gna l vo ltsie ( U. ) connec Uon I. dl . conne ct ed . Th e
u n lJu nc tl on tu n alsto r T 8 IIho u ld n ow be m ounted on p r int ed ci rcuit
b oa rd DJ 7 Z V 001. Ad ju at the 10 Id1 trimm e r pot en ti ometer In th e
b.ae 2 ci rc u it o f T 8 e o th.t the un ljunc tlon tr.nal at or c or r e c t ly aw l_
tc he a ove r t he wh o le VF O r an a e a a a r e ault o r the vo lt . ge red from
the VF O t o th e demodu lat o r ( D 1 ),
Re conn e c t th e a lan . 1 vo lt.ge c on n ec tion U a, A dJu at t he vo ll a a e of th e
mixed ai an a l ao th . t th e h lahe . t dearl!e of aync h ron l.: a Uo n l a ac hi ev e d
( See 1o'l a , 12 ) . If th e arr an aem e nt com pria lna ci r cuit board. 00 1 and
00 2 <\De a n ot ay nc h r on lz c; t hl a will In d icate that e ith er one o f th e fo l -
lo wln a c on d ltl ona h av e not been obe e rv ed or t ha t the a ll an ment a lve n
In Sec ti on 6 ha a n ot b e e n c ar ried ou t c o r rec t ly ,
Ope ratlna c o nditlon a fo r th e phaa e - Ioc ke d oaci ll a to r :
The c ry a ta l_c ont r o lled oac Ula to r r e quired fo r t he gene raHon o f th e
fix e d au xllla ry frequ e n cy I frequenclea) mu a t o aclilat.. to th .. val u e
of rrequ e n c y f0 2 abov.. the outpu t f reque nc y o f th e local oa e lUa to r,
Thi a la be cau s e the ay nc h r on lz a Uon cc c u r-e f rom th e lo wer rr e qut'n c y
d i r ec ti on ,
At an ou tpu t f requen cy o f f l • 1 3 ~ MH z t o 137 Mil .: a nd a VFO f r e -
quen cy of f 0 2 • 2 Mll z to 3 MH z , th e r e qu i r e d fix e d fre qu e nc le a are
fo l a a 138 Mlh an d f o l b • 139 MH z,

F\ 1l1.he r p rer equ l a lt e . fo r the c or rect o pe ration o f the ph aa e-I oc ked oa_

.,
cilla to r a re :
T he fi xed a ux il iary oac Ula t o r m u at g en e r at e a ata ble and e ll"...... a lgna l
bJ All RF a taae a o f th e c ire u lt m u at o pe r ate free o f a pu rloua al gn ala,
c T he f r ee-run n lna o acl1l a tor for f l mu at on ly oaclil a te al th e r e qu ire d

., fre quen cy ,
T h e va ri a ble f r e qu en cy o a cilla t o r ( VFO ) tor t 2 ahou ld be vi rtu a lly
f r e e of ha r mon ic a and au pply a c ona t an t a lgn a l v~ltaie ov e r the whol e
tun ing range ,

- 25 -
 T ilE lUI 9 C V ANTENN A FOR VlH ' AND UHf'

by II. J. F nn k" , DK I J' N

I. INT RODUC TI O N
Th l a tw o .. I..m e nt d lrt"cllon al ant t"nna wa . o r l.lnaUy d" .Il[I1..d by R, B. um-
i u 1nt" r , HII 9 C V fo r th t" II ,.. .hol"twavll' band. ( I 1 ( 21 and ha . b.. . n de-
ac r lbt"d - In • m odtffe d term (or th .. t ...o m ..t r .. b an d · on eev.. ral ccc a-
. Io n. In tn e m"'l l n.. l 'KW -B EIU CHT E ( 3 1 ( 4 I. Th..." d.. ac rl ptlon, werto
f!)ltrem"ly popula r lof<cauae Ih l. re lati v el y ahort anlt"n na cou ld lot" f.vou nbly
u ...d fo r fo x . hu nla , port a b h ' o pt'ration f rom m o unt ain . 1It". a nd (or m obi l..
o p.. r e t ton . T h.. fRct that th .. a n ttonna c a n al'o b., d h m a nlh' d ta . no lhtor .d·
v.nl" t".

The follo ...in, .rtl('h' d...('rlb." tlrat ly th e r e .uU . obl.lnf"d with Iht' tw o
m"l rt" Ill! 9 C V . nl ..nna .ccordln. to 1 31 an d .t"condly 1...0 li n 9 C V e n -
l e nn ••, one for Ih ,' 70 c m ba nd . nd Ih e o th"r (or I h.. 24 ('m ba nd.

2, T il E lI H 9 CV ANT E NNA FO n TI l E TWO M ETlU; 8AND

T hE' 1...0 mrl rr a nlll'n nil wa . a.ar m bl "d a c c ordln l to F I, . I , wh ich Wa.
a l ao Ilvt"n In th .. d.' ,":: r lptlon ( 3 ) and m u . u r t"d , In I h l. d.. . c rl pllon , th ..
'I,,, o f a t t-tm m e r ca pac it or b..tween th e c ce n ec tto n po in t (o r I h.. ln n.. r con-
du ct o r a nd th e In ner c on d'lc to r It .elt wa . r t"c o mm.'nd..c . On m fO a aurln l th ..
a n t..nn a Impedance o r alan din, wave r atio ( SW H 1. It wa. o ba ll'rv ..d thaI
thi . tr lmm t' r I. ab.olute ly ne ce ..a ry In o r dt' r to .chleve a SW R of It''aa
l han 3 : I . In Ih .. moat (av ou r a bl Ol' poallion of the trlmmt" r • • SWR val'll' o f
1,18 : 1 wa . echleved, T hl. valuOl' wa. Impr-c v ed to I , 12 : I by ,Ulhlly "hUt -
In, IhE' tapp ln l potnt on thl" r .. neclor. Since. how t"v",r, only 410 o ( Iht" pow er-
I" r.. Ot"ctt"d al a .Iand ln, wav e r a tio o ( I . i!l: I I i!l I•• v. lut' of 1. 18: I can
lot" da ••ed all .'xt r t'll1ely lood fo r am alt'ur ('onal dll'ratlon.,

T ht' m o a t Int .. rt".Unil or Iht· m ....u r t"d V.hlt'. o f Ih " a n t.'n n a la Ih,' I.ln.
T hl. I. d"'lIcr H", d /III b" ln l 1I1' p ro d m . tt"ly i!l, i!l d U In I 2 l. 8 dB libov ,' a
n o n n a l wh il; a n t,'u n .. In ( 3 l. t o be 3 d U b ..Uer l ha n a th r .. ....Ie m ..n t m o unt-
ed on a car In I 4 1 ( app r o ... 8 dU o ed. I an d fin ally 8 10 7 dU be tter t h lln
a dipole In I 6 I. n ltln meallurt"mt" nl. wh k h have bU'n mad e by th e aut hor
to , ..ther wll h H, v, f: l h 'n, UJ I VO an d R. Lt' nh . nt, 3 WR, havt" aho wn t h.t
• , a ln oC approdmalt"ly 4 . !i <Ill ove r a h.lf w.vt" dlpole w•• obta ln ..d wl lh
th e Iw o metr-e li B 9 CV lUllt'nna a. well a. for tne lat er de.cr i b..d 70 e rn
ve raion. Th t, .Id,' lot al 90 0 and 270 0 .... e r .. mt".aure d and fou nd to be
. pp rox!malf'ly 39 d B I IhlUl th e va l ut' fo r th to maIn lobt', ThOI' (ron l -I o~
bac k ralio w" , wit h Il,pprox! ma t.. ly 14 dB , n ol rxl raorth nary .ood.
3. TIl E li n 9 CV AN T E NNA FO R 70 e m
Duri nl a j O e rn fox -h unl a t th .. Sc h wlbl.c h"r VH F M.... Uni In Otl ob ..u ren,
an Ill! 9 CV "nl" rmo wllh d lmen . lon. Otte thIrd o f l h.. ahe or th o s e I lv t"n
Ln F I" I waa u, ..d with eucc.... tor dlr"c llon rlnd ln l . Howe ve r, the an.
t ...n na waa m ..aau r ..d .n... r .... rd ••n d wa . found 10 hav ... a SWH o f 3 : I wh ich

- 26 _
 4dia _--ll,--
'40
n
380

,.
12
"'~=~ __ l" r- nal ttlf. . d

"'ltt rl. l : b ra • •
All dlrMnSiOnI IIi..,." in """
6dlll
no
f--- - 144-~..,
f---- "4 ~~
ComKtil'lg pcMnt for

... ,.
out.t conch"ctof

W i~ nuttCl'
mounting on mut
120
O:in'lp«t••ti"'ll ",padtal'

as tlc Insul.t, d
cOR* wir. ILSmm dia.l

'SI
Spac ing

-'- ,t oireetor

Fig.l A Collapslbl. HB geV Anteonna for the 2 M. t re Band

- 27 •
 can no lon,e r be e r d •• be ln ll to larab le, Wit h the a id o f • Z -, dla.
, n ph I a n Im pe dance m "tln. Ina tN rn l!' nl man"fa c\uted by Ih e company
o f Roh de u, Sc hwa l"l ) ot he r d lm en . lon l "".. re fo und wh ich I"na b le d the eame
m e••url n l va1u... to be obtained •• with th e t .... o mel re antenn a bu Ut _u p
a c c o rdln a: to Fl,. I. The r••d lin.. . . ., a l th. eam.. Urn .. , (o nn ed In ..
di U.. " "! m an ner 80 th .t it cou ld t.. mor.. ra vou Mlbly m.tc h~ an d mOl.l nt ..d
to the a ntenna ele m e nt • • 8 y r e w e ln , t h e nu m ber o f ~nd . In t he Z.ahape d
m a tch ln , ...c;:tion - wh ic h I. u ••d 10 r.... d th.. 110'0 eleme nt. from th .. com mon
r.... d line _ t h.. Indue tance ""e••110 altered wh ich le d t o tu rt h" r d ev I..llo,.,.
from th e d1ucrlpllon I 3 I. T h" fi nal d ••lifI an d t he dlmen.lona o f t he 7 0
e m liB II CV . nt ..nn a a re ,Iven In Fl • • 2. Th is am a ll ant enn a cannot. ho w -
e ver. be dlam an t le d.

I" •
-.

L- - - - .1

.....
• ••
",.
24 . ...
•
n• .. " " ",. .• .,,". .."',.-.,.
•

'" '" "

,

n
•
., ..
• • =~
..n -.....
.....,._t_
• n.
.. . t" 'ell
""t.nn•
r w~ . nt
s- ... ..
1. - .."" • •
_
p1.tN

... _ _ .. . . . ,." ._.et

11 ... . _ _ a... ..- _
IW
,.. .,.. U OOllU t l l ".. .. I ' ''''''
_.
_ .. _ •

"02 !'<lIt'" .n' ' ,,,,.no 'ono 0' U•• H8 ' ~ . nlOnn•• tv< r~. 70.", .n'
a ,,,, ~.n' l<eor""O"' DOC ' .....

A • •lre.dy m en tion ed . th e m e a 'llrln r vai lle. obtained with thl . an t en n a

Ire p rac tically Id en tic al to th o . e o f th e t wo m etre ve ra lon . T he'SW R a.
a (un c ti on o f freque'nc y wa . mealllred with th e a id o f a Z ~r d larra ph an d
I. riven In Fir. 3.

T h e ccmpen ..t lnr cap"c lto r vallle or 3 pF only r e p r e l ent . a nom inal vaille.
T h e atte m pt to ee ptece th e cor rec tly adJlllt..d t rim mer with a f1u'd ca~­
e uee o f t he aam. vaill. faUed becalla. only one o f a nllmber w.a rOllnd
whi ch e nabl. d th e low SWR to b. maintaine d. An e r t hl a capac itor wa .
f Inally aolde rl'd tnt c pl a c e wit h a ho rte r l. a d a , hcw e ver-, a ra r hI(h e r swn
wa a m . a 'lI r t' d , Th e t rlmme r h. a be en r el aln t'd to r Ih l . r t' a aon,
- 28
 "r----'----~,
DIll .... Ar
., rl- -+--.,-,
, \
,,
I..., , \

••
"'-- --',,,
•••

... " .n "" ~

" "• " '4 .... "

"" S"ft<l'"" ' .'00011 _ 24.... H8 ' C'VA M_ .

_ " " ' - 10 " "N <~.ol<r Of/ l1'p'
".."-" II,.. . ,,,,",,,, ~"" " ,,ft . Uo-a.,....

T he mechanical dlmen.lona of thi. 7 0 em an le-nnll ... r " .lao fou n d 10 be

ext r- rnely c r itical - and eVlL'n m ore ao fo r th e 24 com mode l de.c rlt,.. d
la le r , Chanllt'a of Ih. m at ",rl. 1 thl cllne•• can. for Inlllance . only be car ried
ou t IC. rton"clome t .. r (SW H_meler l I. avall. bl" whic h h... been c hec k..d
a.alrllli en Rec ur" t.. to, rmlnalina r-e e te to r-,

4. T HE liB 9 C V ANT ENNA FO R 24 e m

The dl mt"nalona of Ih. 70 em model we re divl d ..d a.ain by three and the
moat f.vourable value of th e ccm pen••Un i caP'ocltor w•• dere rmtned . T he'.
valu••• r-e Iln-n In the la bl" . of 10'1,. 2. T hl!' SWR •• II tu ncllon of tre »
qtlt'ncy ...... d ..termlned once alaln with Ih .. aid of Ih" Z.,
dlalUph IllId
I, glv"n In 10' 11 . 4. Th.. ccmpen••llnl c. paeito r ha. a val",,,, of approxl -
mat",!y 0 . 7 to I p l-'. T he ,.m" r "mark , . r" v. lId for Ihl. c.paclto r ••
to r th.t of th" 70 e m m od" l . Si ne" n o favou r.blt' I rlm m"r w., av.n.bl" ,
Ih e SWR m"l'a"' r"!n 'mt WII' car rl",d ou t ",.I nl II rlx"d c .~c lto r wit h . n o-
min. 1 val u", o f I pF. T hi. coul d ",xplaln why th .. m ....ur-e d v.lu t'. ( ...e
FI I . 4 I w.. r .. n at e ntlr",1y ••Uatac tory . Of cour,.. thl . IllIt"nn ll Iyp",. wit h
a gain of ap proxlmat ..ly 4. 5 dB . t UHF, r e p re...nt . IllIlllIt"nnll bea t , ult.. d
fo r e xp""rl ml' nt. o r ror aho rt h. 1l1 com munlc.tlon•• T h...uthor woul d , h ow .
I'v.. r, n ...t ly 11k.. to po ln t ou t th ...uec.....t 70 cm fox_ hunu and to ''''II...t
th e H8 9 C V .nt"n n. for "'a. In . tae k..d a rr.y • •

5. T HE M EASURING TECHNOI...OOY
T h.. ant ..nn a . d...e rlbood In ."ellon. 3 . and 4. repree .. nt the .....ult or mo-
d ifl e . ti on a . wh ic h ha v" bt' ",n ca r rl",d ou t to obtain t he m o.t f.vourabl "
. t andln, we ve r-a t te , wher-e•• the fl n.1 m e " llrlng v. lue. we- re de t e nn ln ed
on • Z -, dl a, rll ph. • h om .. -m ade r-e fl ec tom ete r w•• ua e d fo r t he fj" ld
.... p.. r lm e nt • . Th.. r .. n",c tomete r w. , c hecked ala ln.t a prof.... IOl"Ia l I.. r-
mlnlltlnlt r ".I.to r prevtcce to th",1(" m e a . ll r e m ..n t ' : the r " . d ln l w.... xae l -
Iv I : I for bot h the 2 melr e band and Ih e 70 em band.

A m ....urlnl arranl..m ..nl •••hown In Io' ig . 5 w• • Il...d fo r Ih .. aUiI'lml"nt

proe e •• . The boondpa.. tII t" r i. u. ..d to ' lIpp r " •••ny hannonle. o r ."",rlou •
• 11".1. f r om th e {l ran.I.lor I t ran.m ltt "r. Thl. I. nee..... ry beceu ... any
tr e qu e n c l... n ot c o r r ...pondlng to the pa • • b.nd . will .Iway. b.. r e n"CI ..d
f l"Ofl\ Ih e an lt.'llna and wou ld t hll. cau ee an Incr In th .. SW R . T hl. wi ll
be cl... r ly ."en If th e SW H v.lu... nuc luat.. be t ·" dl ff.. r ..nl I ran.mln......
• 29 •
 Trans m itt.r >-
Bandpau Qt
low+past
f il " r - Att.nultor
p" I ]dB
f-- SWR· M. t, r lJ
""
FIQ.S Arranll..",nt uud to mta, url the st and ing W I V' ratio OKI PN A.f

The atten ua t o r pad e n.u rea th a t t he ali'lll com ponenl reO .. e l.. d from the
an ten na 1. n ol r enec te d again trom th e t rar"ml tt l' I' ou tpu t. If thl. wer e
th e ceee , It wou ld new back a nd (o rth u ntil conve rted In to heal by the
ca bl e anenua uon , wh ich wou ld al.o (.laity t hl' m .... llur.. d valu .... If th ..
SWR approac he. the va lu e 1 : I , Ih ...nenulI lo r pad can be r em o ve d , ho w-
ever, th e filler mu" b e r e ta tn e d .

T he measu r e me nt of th e an t enn a iain WI ' carried ot.ll after having aligne d

the anlt'nnll fo r Ih e m o at Iavou r a ble SW R. In ad d iti on to th b , • profel.iona l
atl l'n u at or W I ' p lac e d b..tw e e n the r e c er ver- an d th e anten na to e e me•• u r ..d .
Th l. attenuator- wa ll. a djueted tor a n Inse r-tio n lou or 30 to 40 dB.

F o r your in torma tion, some oC t he value. ilven In ( 5 ) a r e now i1v t' n 10

s ho w th e reOt'ctf.'d po wer In per ct'n t as II. fun c tl o n o r t he SWR.

SW R 5.87

6. HE FERENC ES
( 1 ) R. BQum g a rt n er, li n 9 C V: Die n a 9 CV-Rlch tst rah la nll'nne
Ko'I m t' rach e D n H'ke rel und Verlagaanstall , Stuttgart 196 1
( 2) K. Roth a m m t' l : Anl(' nn f.' n buc h, Ka pitf.' l: [If.' r liB 9 CV ·n ~·am
Vf.' rl a g Sport und Tec hnlk
( 3) II . Luz : Elnf.' ~e rlegbarf.' li B 9 Cv - Rtcnrente nne aum DL 6 SW
fo'u n k ap r t'c h ge r ltt
UKW-BE RIC IITfo; 3 (1963). Ii . 3 , pail'S 150 to 15 4
( 4) W. App e lt : Etne slabUe li B 9 CV. An t..nna rtI r fo'a h n e u i e
UKW - B E RICHT E 7 (1 9 67) , H . I , pa gn 14 t o 17
( 5) VSW Il -Nomoi raph No. 1
T h.. Mlc r owa vI! E ngineers' lI an d bo o k an d Buy e r s GUide
Ho r b Ort Hou s e 1966 , PQie II
( 6 ) H, J . DII!r kl ng: OPr li B 9 CV- Beam rOr 2 m
Daa DL_QTC 39 (1968), II . 8 . pa ge 4 80

- 30 •
144 MIll /U'l Ml h TRANS VERTER FOR LOW POWE R AND n ELD DAY
APP LI CATIONS

by L. W' i!nf'r. DL 9 J U

T he idfiO, 10 f'qulp • 2 m f'trfiO / 70 em v.raC lo r trlplfiOr ...It h an addil ional

c rya tal -conl rolled oaclll.lor .I.,e . nd. In Ihl . mann fiOr, 10 .1.0 u. e the
v. n el o r diode a. th e r ece ive mta e r- , w. a incit ed by • tec tu re , in n by
D. Vollh.rdl. DL 3 NQ, d urlnll hfiO Germ.n VHF m e..Unl hfiO ld In We inh fiO lm
in 1 96 ~ . Thl a w. a followed by va r lo u. d Lacu ..lon a on thlll meue r- . h lll r _
ward • . Thill re aull .... . an "lIlremt'ly . im pl.. , bul ao m.. wh.1 com prom l . ..d,
rr-en e ve rt er- whi ch could be opt> rat ed wit h an y 2 m ..tre t r anac lll lVlll r wit h a
Ir a nam ll powe r of 100 t o ~ OO m W, 10 fo r m . 70 e m . t. Hon . IHlth er power-.
coul d .1.0 bf' tri pled by u. Lnl a va r ae t o r wllh a hllth.. r powe r raHnj. How -
..v.. r , th .. IIm ll ..d r eceive ee nalllvlly (no pr"amp UfLer . taie 1 would no
lon it'r n pr". t'nl a favou rabl" re latl on .h1p 10 Ih .. t ra n. m lt po"".. r- , Th ...
tran a ve rte r I••0 . man th at It can norma ll y be aceom mod.ted wllh ln Ih ..
I r.nnelver lI.e lf or, If IhLI II not poIILbl .. , It can .....Uy be connecte d
" xl"m.lly. T he r " . ul tl o bl l in t>d on op.. rallnj from m ounta Ln I Ue. in th lll
Bl var ia n Mount. in F ield Day ( BDT 1 he ve . hown th at 70 cm vo ice c om m u-
nic . tion I. po ••Lbl" over e on ald" r a bl. dLatance. '"mi th . d••e rtbed "l r ana -
v"l"Ier ( lee Seellon .. I.

I. C IltCU IT DIAGRAM OF TH E 144 MHlo / U'l MH I Trana nrler (Fli. I)

T h.. upp .r portion o f th . ci r c u li dlajram . ho wn In fo·ll . I eo r r .apon d. t o
a norm.1 . im ple var. cto r t r iple r t rln .po.ini • 2 met r-• • Lin. 1 to 70 e m .
The ccm pc n..nt . L 2 a nd C 3 foMl'l an idler c i rc uit al • fr e que nc y of 288
Mil l . T o ...n.bl.. Ihl . Irlp ll'r to be u. ed a . a c onv e r-te r In the r-ecet ve mode.
I! i. ne ce. a. ry t o pr o vt dc an oac lll . lo r to l upply the dI ode with . n . uxi -
lI a ry fr"qu"n cy of 28 8 Mll z .1 I .uffi cle nt revet , Thl. ia ,ehlfiOvfiO d with Ih.
aUllill. ry o.cll l'lo r co m p r la lni I r an .L.to r T I . T hill ol c ll l. to r op erat .. a in

I" 'u .. ~ .

" '" II......

"
..
r " ..
" 11 ,, - I• • u . ..~ ,

OL 9 JU
.. T"
~
F1'i I : Cifellil d'IS'i'lIrT1

..
'1' " " ..~ .

HOI " •
01 ~ 1'11"'_""
U.4 Iool HI tlI 4l' MHI
fOf portll bl.
Oplfll hon

- .. "
,- .
I
"I r-----
• i
-L______I
---- - . 1' V

- 31 -
 a hyb r id circuit ( thai la,no n€' of th e tranalator e leclrod.. a ar€', h\ Ih e R F
ee nce , c om m on ly ua ..d by two o f th e compoeente connec led 1 wh ic h o ptoratea
at the f rt"qutoncy of rhe ~ 7 . 6 M H l cryatal Q I . T h to ~ 7 M H :r. r€'aonant circuli .
conalatl ni of L. 4 and C 61C~ . la 10 bt" fo un d at the c onecto r , T he Idler
c i rcuit with L. 2 a nd C 31C ~ fo rm . a ru t€' r circuit fo r the fifth ha rmonic
( 28 8 M H :r. ) of i ht" oacUlalo r fr e qu t"nc y wh ich ia connected to Ih " oacllIato r
v ia C 6. In thl. m a nner t h e power of t he 5th ha rm on ic l a pa a a ed to the
varacto r .

T he r e c e iv e f r"qu e n cy o f 4 3 2 MH1' la m l x" d with t h e tnjected aulllllary

Ie equ e ncy of 286 M l h t o obta in the Input fr e qu enc y f o r t he re ceiver o f
144 MII :r. .

T h" a ttempl to qu intup le t he cryatal f r e qUen cy In Ihe oacUla to r a ta g" and

t o Ie ed aa me 10 Ihe auxiliary circuli . an d In t hl a mann " r to achieve a
i r"at" r ha rm on ic po we r f di d n ot obtai n th e d" a i red re ce tv e re aulla . J.
Rt"ltho fl';r . DL 6 Mil . al..ocsm e 10 the . ame c o nc1u a lon . It ia aaaumt"d
that the c i r c uit us ed p r od u c " a a high harm on ic conte nt be cause th .. volt age
dt"p ,md '>nt coU"ct o r - baa €' capa city allowa Ih e f1.m dam ..nt a l pow e r t o be c on .
ves-t ed Into h armonic pow e r, ln a a l m ll a r manner a a the va r-ec t o r-, with lo w
10",

Sptocial a tt ..ntlon muat be made In t he ae l toction o f a sulla bl e oa cillator

I r an a la to r T I. Th e ove rlay I r an a lat o r 2 N 3866 h a a a h own lh e lr to be we ll
au lt a b le tor t hi . purpo s e . Other I r lln a l at o r a au c h a . 2 N 7 08 and 2 N 2219
we r e fou nd t o be n ot au lt a ble . Ge rm a n fu m UlIF p r e -am p llfl t"r tr an alatora
auc h a a A I-' 139 , c an not be u ae d due t o Ih e l r low p ower d la .lpalion. In
o r-der- 10 o bt a in t he hl gh e al h arm on ic cont e nt f rom t h e oacUiator T I . no
additional ca pa c it anc e may be con nec ted In pa r a ll e l to the c o ll e c lo r . t a i e
Induc lan c .. L 4 In addition 10 C ~ I C 6 . T he re.lato r R 5 e e rvee to dam p
the c oll e c t o r at a i t". T h e 12 V powe r au p ply . wh ich la only r t' qu l r .. d to
pow e r the auxlliary o .clllato r T I . I. m a de via a fe e d-th r o uih fil ter or,
al lea. t . via a fe ed ~t h rou ih c a pa c ito r . n a rm on lc a wh ic h cou ld be lnjtoct e d
Int o th e a tage f r om DC 10 DC e on vertere are . If a pp ar e nt , Ih u a a up p r e aae d .

2. MEC li AN ICA L. ASS E MB L Y OF T HE T RANS VE RT E R

T h e mec hanical a . aembly o f th e 144 M H:r. /4 32 M H z. u-snevert e r c an be
...en In F li . 2. 3, 4 and 5 . T h e c i rc u it ah o wn in Fig. I I. buUt u p on a
n on - e tc he d epo xy bo a r d with th e dtm ..n . lon . ot 70 mm (2 . 75" 1 by 100
m m ( 3 .9 4" I. The a r r a ng e m pn t la not c r itic a l. T he Indi vidua l c om pon e nt.
arp ac c c mm cdat ed a . ahown in t he tullacale dra wlni F ii. 2b .

Aft er ha vl ni m a de the cut out . for me two c o a dal aockeh . the tra nalat o r
ecc ke t , the crya t a l . oc kf't , t he fepd-through filte r, t he c all fo rm p r . a a
wen a . th p mountin, hoi .. . for t hp tour t rl m mera an d t he four m oun tln i
bu s hin, a ( a .. e F ig . 3 l, the a a aem bly may be c o m m e nc e d , All Irou nd c on -
ne ctlon a ah ou ld bp made to the coa te d a id" o f t he circuit board. T hp m ou nt -
ing o f t he va ra ctor d iode a ho ul d b" m a de wit h Ih p ah onpat ltoad a. r e m e m-
bering to c ool th" c on n l'c li on h 'ada wit h a pa ir of pllera o r a lmllar du r in g
the .old p r l n , p roc pdu rt' . F ou r a pa c ln l bu ahlni a - eee F li . 3b - are t o be
foun d on th p coated ai de o f t ne c i rculi boa rd In a ddltlon 10 the c c m pon e nt e ,
T h " com plet e ar ranie mentcan be cove red with an aluminu m pla t e a a a ho wn
in Fli. 3a wh ic h c o nt a ln a all the c ut ou ta n t'c e a a a ry fo r t h" aUa:n mt' nt pro-
ced u r e .

~ 32 -
 DJ g JU

Fig.2a : Transverter 144/432 MHz from above

100

.,

Ll U
c, C4

Fig.2b: Mechanical assembly of the tranverter

from below

-33 -
 2.1. COIL DATA A ND COMP ONE NT S
1. I 5 t u ml ot IUvl!' r - p ll tl!'d copp. r wi re , 1. 2 mm ( 1'1 AWG I d la . woun d
on I 10 m m to nnl!' r . II!'U -IUppo r1In, . I pp r o • • l!i mm lon l.
L 2 4 turnl o f I Uvl!' r - pllll!'d eeppe e wl r e , 1.2 mm ( 1'1 AWG ) d l• • wound
on. 6 mm to nn. r . Il!'lt-.u ppo r1ln l • • ppro • • 8 mm lonl.
L ' 3 lu rn . o f I Uvl!'r - pl . l l!' d c op pe r wi r e. 1. 5 mm ( 15 AWG ) d l• • wou nd
on I 6 mm fOMnl!'r. Il!'lt-l uppo r1ln , • • pproll . 8 m m lon , and with
l a ppin, 0 .75 o f • lurn from t he c o ld I!'nd ( I raund ).
L • 7 tu r n e o f colt on cove r-ed I!'nam.U l!' d e o pp ee wlr., 0.3 mm f 29 AWG I
d l• • on a c oli te rme r of 6 m m d ie. ( .. .. I!' FI,. 6 l, t1F c e s- e ,
Q 57.6 Mill cry el e ll n. c e r emtc ho ld. r .
e I. C 2 , C 3 A i r I pac.d t rlm ml!'n J I p I>' m.lI .
e. A ir . p.c..d trlmm .r 5 pF m .x .
c s Cl!'ramie dill' c'p«.cllor 10 0 pt'
e • Cl!'r am lc d i l l' ca pac itor 10 p t'
c t Cl!'ramlc dl.c ca paci tor l!i p F
SIrt. J . Ski . 2 UNC coax ial eoc kl!'l UG - IOlil 4 / U, Z . 52 0
o I Vlraclordiodl!' UA 121 o r BA 14lil AEG_T I!' II!'Cunkl!'n or I ntl!'nn.lal1
UA 110 . ( SA 121 : CJ • 10 pF at U R • 2 V PI V. 30 V Q. 600
UR • 2 V a nd f • 30 MU& m 'll. d l .. . . 2!iD m W C" I!' • DO 7 ).
T 1 2 N 38 66 f r om RCA
R 1 30 kO; R 2 2 . 7 leO; R 3 10 kO
R • 270 0 : R !i 3 .3 kO

3. Al. IG NM E NT or T ilE l ·U Mlh 1 432 Mlh T RA NSVE RTE R

Th. IUi"ml!'nt of t he t r en a ve r-te r il m . d. In t h. follow In, mann. r. F l n lly
d iod e 0 I II low-lnductlv.1y b rid,.d wllh a m . l . 1 " r ip. T h. Idl. r ci rc u li
conlillinl of 1. 2 a nd C 3 /C!i il alli". d, u aln, a 111"11 ,pn. ral o r o r a
d ip mete e , to th l!' f r t'qu pncy of 288 Mlh, a ftl!'r which tne b r ld, . la r e m o ve d,
T h. t rimm. r C 3 I houl d . after thi a. not be . II. red .

T hp 2 m e l r e Ira nlc.lv. r II ccenected to th e 14 4 Mill in pu t lock.l Ski. I .

an d loc k... S ki. 2 II t .rm ln al .d wUh a 52 n r.II.lor al we ll aa b. ln,
conn.cll!'d to a 4 3 2 Mill Indieat ln, clreu ll f e , ,. a n abeo r bllon ci rc uli w ll h
dlodl!' ..nd met er l . Th. I ran amill er . hau ld no w be I WlIc ht'd on a nd c. p. -
elton C I. C 2 and C ol . 1Il"ed for 1 m u :lm um re.d ln , on th e Ind tc at cr-,
T h ll p r oc e du r .. s hould be re peat ed l ev . ra l 11m I!' I du ll' to I hl!' int. rac llon
betw e ..n Ih . ind iv idu a l e lreu ltl.

A fa r thl l I h. u- e ne c etve r II I wltc hed 10 r ..e e lvl!'. A 7 0 I' m II l"al II no w

Ied 10 IOCk.1 SIrt. 2, \lo'h l!'r.by th e ha rm on ic l ot a 2 m et n t r an a m ltt. r a r.
ulually lu rtlel.n l . T h. Ind uc lanc" L 4 Ih oul d n ow b. all i". d for madm um
r e e etve volum e . A favourabl . eom p r om tee b.lw . "n th e mOlt opllm um trl pl -
In, In t he I ranamll m od p end Ih " be et r e c e pu ce In the rec e tve m od e -"au ld
n ow be del e nn ln e d by c.p.clton C I an d C 2. T he . 1li"ml!' nt Ie wll h th l.
compl.l ..d .

- 34 -
. .,~,

'i,.
$- JIl
~c j fl' " 1"", alum;II'UIn, 4-.quirH

-
*

<it
$- I"i" k

I. ,
Ahlln i ll ium pi aN 'Of ttw 10_ e_

,,- • t!l icll , 0; "'.... ;0111 100 . 70 "'Ill

IS" ". 21''''

Co ~ 0
,., "'" •
Vol N
N

,
DL 9 JU

4. OP ERATIONAL RE SUL T S A ND NarE S

T he no ree tIlU re o f t h e I .... Mlb 1 43 2 Mi ll l u n a vert e r "' a . m e ••u r-ed In
c onJun ctlon wll h . 2 m e tre lra n l t.lo r conve ru r wit h . n ol a e fleu r e of ap _
p roxima tely 10 d Uo Tho:- e ffiel !!' ncy o f t he t ripl l r In t he Iran. m lt mode w • •
In be t we e n .. 0 a n d !i~ . T he d e ac rl bli'd I r an a v" r1e r- wa . lll t>d by t he au thor
for 7 0 e m o perati on from mou nta in . ltea In the Ba varian F o re a l , wh l n 'by
voice c om m un ic a ti on .....a. m a de ove r d l'lanCet e :llCeedlnll!50 km (1iI !i mil". ) .
T h. output p o we r o f the 2 metre poNabl. atalion wa. a pp ro d m a t" ly 200 mW
...h lch m ••n. th a i the maxi mu m po •• lble power on 70 em ...a. n ot more than
100 mw .
- 35 -
 A SO LID ·STATE C ONVE R TE R F OR H ern
by R . L ..nt t. DL 3 WR

Th e rollowl ng article haa be l:" n wri lle n mor.. ellt ..n,lv e ly In ord.. r to d l , c u ..
t h.. prob l..m, ..nc cent er..dl n conjunction with diode m llr. er a nd vara c t or d iode
m u lti p lier , Iage,. We h op e thil t the a rtf cle will be Lnfo r matlv e an d alao
o f tnte ree t to those readl'rB wh o do not Inte nd to bujld t he c onvert er o r
on ly wl Bh to copy eo me particula r po rtio n of t he d e .l gn.

I . INTRODU CT ION
The followi ng 24 e m c onverter III ellclu.lvely equl pp e d ..., Uh .Ulcon a e m t -
con duc tor-a and can thu. be o pe rated from a 12 V eou rce , SL nce th e tota l
current drain I. only 20 rnA , th.. conve rter ca n be ru n f rom the baUe rl e.
o f a t ra.u l8lo rh ..d po rta ble t ranac ..tver, Th la a nd th e fact that th e u n it
only we i gh . 360 g ( 13. oz . ) m ake . t he conve rte r e xtN'm el y att racllve
fo r fie ld day a nd o pe reuon from m oun tll in an.... where n o AC li ne ra c Ul Ii t' .
a re available o r deal red.

Th.. ml:"chan lc a l a" l:"mbly I. ex tre m ely aim pie a nd requ ire . no p rec t e ton
m e ta l work . T h t' ca refully c ut c b•••I. p la te ll c an be aold e r e d to ge ther on
th .. wo rk b..n c h. aner wh Lch It I. me re ly n e c e ••llry to dr ill a fe w h ole .
a nd to com m e nc e .....m bly .

In epne of It •• Lmpllclty , th e t ra n.la to rh e d 24 c m convene r I. t ec hnica lly

a dva nced . wh ich I. Indica te d by the mea .ured ncr ee fl i\lre of 9 . .5 dB.

Th e fre qu en cy rang e of 1296 to 1298 MU" La COl'lve rted to 28 to 30 MU"

with thl:" ai d of th e 84 • .533 Mil t cry. tal. Slig ht va r iation. fromt hl . fre qu e n cy
ran ge a re po ..tbt e by u .e of a dilfe r en t cry ata l rrecc en c j-. A con ve ralo n
to a fi n t I F o f 144 to 14 6 M!l t t a , h ow eve e, n o t rl' c om m en ded b.. ce ue e
th .. lo w n o b e fi gu r e wil l not b.. a c hi ev e d . Due to the dt'.l gn of th e d e .c ri bed
c onve rt er - n o Rf' at llge. m ix e r diode w lt h e e ever- e ton loaa a n d a ee nstuve
p r e ampli fier - th e .baolu te a r-n altL vlt y of th e c on ve r t e r- I, e ••e nUally de_
te rml n t'd by th e abaol u te aen a lU vlt y of the I F p r e a m pli fi er. Th l, ca n be
calcula tf'd a:.:.-,fo~I"I:O:W"'O''- . " ,_ _- , _
NF IF - 1
NF • N F mix •
I '0' !'G
m l ll

Wh ereby : NF
tot
I. ". tot a l n c tee figu re
N" m i . I. ". n oi lle fl gurt' o f ". m ix e r d lodt'
NF
IF
I. 'h. n c i e e flgu r l" o f ". IF' p reamplifie r
PGmI. I. the power a m pli fication of the rnj xer- atall e .
t. e . a convt' r.l o n]oa. o f 6 dB . mean a P G
mi .
. O. 2.5

Thu•• towe r a baolute . l"n.l tlvity of t he IF p r e amplifie r o btaln e d by u . lnr

• hi gh er !lr.t I F h a . thll e ffec t o f Inc r ea.lng the tota l n or se figure by mu l·
tiply ln r It.elf wit h t he converalon 10 •• o f the m i xer d iode .

- 36 _
 • "••
.." '"
--
....
UHF Pprtior!
.J ' JoCl
.. Oscillqtor ~ion O:SH . ~& •
.... ~- .....
I2tI 1M ­

, _D"
~ w
~ ·-l
-- )o<!/
,.
IF . __ 4-: ~' l
D'
-l ' L._...J
!
l--
Fig 1; Circuit Dia gram ~ tN
,~
DL :I WR 24cm Conv.rr.r
~ Q . o. ,. ~f'!'!l
U'
~ :.~ "'I'II'
,~
- ~
( ,...... .17
...J..
H
IF~mphf i ...
"'-
 T he UHF po rt ion of t he o::onverte r . Le, th e th re e re . on ant li n e c i rc u it.
a nd th e m ille r dlodt' . I. b••t'd on a ct rcu tt Iflvt'n In QST ( I ). A a Lm ll a r
deal lf'l wa . alao Iflve n In a n article Ln UKW BE RICHTE ( 2 I.

T h la UH F port io n wa a m od if ie d by C . So ndha uaa. DJ 2 1..1 for o::a pa cltLve

o::ou pll nlf . th e p rov l.lon of 11 val"llo::tor qu ln tuplt' r and " therw l. .. equLpp..d
with tu b.. . . t>u.. to th.. lo w n o lae flgur.. obt aine d wit h tubt' a In th.. 30 Mll z
r llnlfe, the a blolut e . t'nILllvlly waa e c Ifl"e llt a a to allow a t ota l n or e e fl gur l'
er t.v ea .
Unf o rt unately th.. DJ 2 1.1 o:: onv ert.. r wa a IIIl! Vl'r publt ehe d but the UH F
port ion a nd th .. v&r'llNor qu lntu p le r ha v.. b....n ta kt"n eve r- by th e aut h or In
th e dt' l c r lb..d eonv e rt e e.

We woul d .1.0 Il ke to m e nt ion th e 24 c m conv .. rt er pubU.hed In the Telt' -

Iunken T a . c ht'nbuch( J) wh ich po s se . .... t wo Ifrou n de d Ifrl d Ilm pH fle r . ta lfe.
an d 11 tu b ed mi xe r with t h e 't'ete ru n ke n tube 82!l5 . a n Impro ve d ye ralon of
the E C 88. The ' l." nal llvity of the I F IlmpHfl t'r ( Il l" rece tve r j ha a prac t i-
c ally 11 0 e tft>ct on the tota l n ol lllt> fl lfUrt' with t hla I"Iltht'r ex ten e tve c i rc u it
a nd a fl rat 1(0' of. fo r In'lanc e.14 5 MHz could bt' u sed. Tht' a b llolu t t' s e n -
.1Ilvlly o f th .. conve rt e r- I. 9 . Ii dB .

2, CI RC UIT DE SCRI PTION ( F llf, 1 )

2, I . GE NERAl. DET AIL S
T ht' e o nv e rt e r- conlilita o f t hr-e e ma in e ec ucne e t ne o.c llla to r port loll. th..
UHF p o n lon and thl' I F p r .. a m plt flt'r . Tht' ollclllato r po rt ion com rn en ce s
with Iln ove-rtone cryata l 01lc11lato r at a frl"qul"n cy o f 84 . 53 3 Mllz which I.
ro ll ow l'd by II t r tp ter- lItll lfe , mu ltlplyln lf the oactl la to r- .i lflllli to 253, 6 M ilt
a nd a a ub . .. qu,' n t eurre r a m pli fi er a la lit', Th t' amplUIt'd .1 1fII1l1 at 11 Ie ve! o f
m o re th an 10 m W L. th en fl'd to a ve re et or- qulntupl.. r , wn oee ou tpu t a illna l
or 1268 Mll z III d ecce pt e d v ia a re . on ant li n.. t ra n.fo nn .. r and pe . ... d t o
rne m lx t> r dlod ... Th E' ovt'rtonE' crya tal fr.. qut'n c y Ia t hull m ul tipli t' d a t otal
of 15 umee.

Th.. In put f r ..quE'n,-y of 129 6 10 1298 M Hz La ee pec t uv.. ly cou pl ..d from th ..
Inp ut c o nn..cto r- to th.. In pul r .. ,ona nt Hn.. a nd i. a lao Indu ct fvely r.. d t o the
m ix e r diode.

T h.. tnt e rmedtet e Ir-e qu ..nc y lI.. n.. r ated In t he m lx t' r . tlil" I. pa a ll..d 10 a
cI.codE' p r ..am pHfl .. r ci rcu it. All I. w.. 11 known . it ia nece..ary fo r th ..
caecode- clrcult to h a ve th e flrst atll ill" In a com mon em itter and Iht' It'c on d
I lagE'l n II com mon ba ae- c on figu rati on, No u a.. h. a b.... n m adt' o f a t'I " c llvt'
Ii n ka betwe..n t h.. t wo IItllg"l ( RC l tnk j .

2.2. C IH.CUlT DE TAILS

2 , 2 . I. Os C ILLAT OH POH T ION
T h.. oacillato r op t' l"Iltl" . In a com mon ba a t' ci rcu it and tht' Cry.tll} holdl"r
c ilpa c ity ill n..u t rillized by chok.. Ch I. T h e cc u tap on L} fo r the r....e -
buc k a n d coup li n g ou t o f the a lgn.. 1 III adJUlltt' d for th .. maximu m drive t o
th... t etp ter- t l'lln a L. tor ( mlld m u m coJl l"ct o r c urr.. nt ) . I. 1 hll. n ot be ..n

- 38 -
 provld~d with I n IHlV'm~nt c o re In o l'd~ r t o in cr~ll~ the trequ ~n cy .tlbl-
Illy a nd th~ Ipproprlat~ trlmm~r C 3 I, an a lr - apa e~d ty pe. Tra n,l,to r.
2 N 708 ( BSY 191. 2 N 9 14 ( BSY 21 J. 2 N 918 or ~v ~n th~ t.F typn
,uc h a, BC 10 8. BC 130 ..Ic . cl n ee u ...d In Ihl, , ta a",

A t ran , I' lor B f' 115 In I c o m mo n - ba , .. c Ofl rt iU ra ll on I. u.~d In the I rlpl~r

.tla~ a nd operat~. In cll " C . A r ...I.to r In I h~ ~mltt er c i rcu it c orn p..n-
.at e a tor .Ilaht vlrl.tlon. of Ih.. operallna po lnl .nd drlv ~ c on di lio n•. Th l '
real.lo r 11.0 adJu.la Ihe Inale o f c u r rent now to th .. moat ra vourabl e valut'
to r Iht' eetve le v..1 ( hlah.. al ha rm on ic c on tt'n t I.

T he o a c Hil to r a nd t r lpl e r are o pt' rated .... llh a atl bUh t'd vo lta , .. , o bt.ln..d
by uae o r 7 volt uner diode . T h l a I. .. xtrt'm .. ly n..c .. . .. ry for N". ao n a o t
frequ e n cy .tablllty and alao ..n.ur.. a I c onala nt d rl v~ to the lIub... qu e nt
burt..r I m pli flt' r . t a , e ,

Only a tra n alator with a hl,h tranliit t r .. qu.. ncy a nd . low r ..t roa ctlon ca n
b.. u a..d fo r th .. 253 Mill ampltrl"r a li a " a nd a Hf'Y 88 , UFY 90 or 2N
3,"8 with a tran .lt tre qu~ n cy o r 900 M ill and . retl"Oll ction o f 0 .23 p f'
( due to I nt~, rlll~d ln aull r 'c ",ton ln , 1 WI ' c hoa..n by th e author. Thl .
tran, llIIor may on ly be- u a..d In I c om m on ..m ltt.. r contl iU ra ll on . The tran-
al.to r I. IdJulted for cll" B op.. r l ll on vii I vo lt ' I " divider fed f rom th..
at.bllhed ope rlllion volt.,e ao t h.t the c o ll ec to r c u r r t'n t Ju.t com m e nce.
to now unde r no .all".1 c ondition., Thl. adJu.tment r e a ult . in Ih.. hl,h..al
out put pow~r at lo w Input le ve l •• When m.lch~d t o 60 n. th la a l . , e will
p rcv td e a n oUlput pow~r o r 12 mW at 12 V op e r a tl n l voll'I" whic h w••
• u fflc l e nl 10 oblal n • diode c u r r e nt o f up 10 2 rnA ec r c .. the v a r-ac tc r-
qu ln tu plt' r of Ih t' de . c r lb.. d c oe v e r-t e r-,

Th~ qulntupl.. r ', hl l h- lm pe d a nc e ftod v i' c a pac it o r C 10 .nd the ma tch ln ,

I, m.de wit h indu c t'n c e L " .nd trimme r c'pacltor C 11. Th t' Id lto r ci rcu li
c om p r la ln l L 5 and C 12 I. I Uan .. d 10 tne 2nd harmon ic !'i 07. 2 MU z a nd
t h e Idlar Ci rc u it wit h L 8 and C 13 to th e 31'd harmon ic 76 0, 8 M H z, Tubu _
lar , Ia .a trlmmt'r. w e re u.t'd In t he prototypt' c:ol\V u' ~r wh ich ha d th ..
dlaadvant'lt' at b.. ln l aom e whlll ~x(K'n .lv" but ot he r t r-tm m e r- ca pacito n
wit h the co r re . pon d ln l c l paclty valu.. . I hOlJld D.. .. qual1 y . u U. b l e ,

A c om m t' rc ll l varac tor d lod.. HAY 79 manufa ctured by T ..h ·ru n k..n, wh ich
wa , contaln..d In a ep.. d a l hold.. r-, wa a u...d by the a u tho r. T h O' Ju nc tion
c.paella nc e I. 5 pF al • reve s- ee volta,e o f 2 V a n d Iht' brnkdown vo lt lli"
I, 35 V. T he. .. a p..c Ulc a I IOll' ar" al ao me t with Ih .. c ur- r e ruty !lvaUab l..
T.,ldUnkt'n d lod.. BA Y 70 . which a hou ld be c on n "cle d u . ln , Mort h· ad .
betw ee n th e Ju nc tion o r ccm pon e n t e L .. , t. !'i . t. 6 , H. 8 a nd C 16 a nd
,round ( . .. t' FII. 5) .

2.2.2, lIHI-' PO RTION ( 10'1,. .. )

Tht' thre e c oa xll l c i rcuit. o f the lIlt F portion Ire . U, htly . ho rt e ne d hl lf -
wa vt' I ), / 2 I ci rcu it •• Th t' vo lta It' Iobe I, Ihu l In th.. c.. nlrt' o t th .. IIn t'a
wht're they e a n b.. c. paclllv t'ly . ho rt .. n..d . nd luned . The oaelila to r tre -
quency I. f..d III a lom e wh.t low .. r Im p..dan c.. 10 I po lnl I pp roxl ma t.. ly
half -w.y tow_r<t. Ih .. cold -e nd wht're It I. ili aD capaclllve ly c ou p le d. Th ..
o.cllialo r rre q u..n cy t"" n. fo r m e r i . coupl..d YI. tht' cu l - oul bl'lw ren Ih e I wo
r " a a Olla llt lin... I ' t' l! 10'11. 2 .nd 5 I. Th... ml ur dl od" I. d a o to be foun d
In a .lmU . r c ut.ou t In th" part ition betw"..n Ih O' In lNt ci rc uit a nd Ih " . ...
c on da ry o f t he tran.tormer. Th e th ick e nd of tht' d lod .. prOlrutle . Into the
IF preampllrter c om paM m ..nl a nd I. bJock"d to r UH'" t requ nel.. a by a h om t'
• 311 -
 m ad p 10 pI-' plat P capacito r ( a pe Fill'. 4) . Thl a ex c e llent conc e pti on o f the
aut hor o f pub ll c a tl on ( I) ha a solved Ih e c r itica l coupll nll and m ounting
p rob ll'm a en e oume r e d with ml ltlng d lode a . Th.. UH F po nl on wa a ao PIlay
t o t une t hat n o m odif ic a tio n a hav .. b.... n mad.. on t h.. ba alc dp alm .

Mf'a aurf'm t'nt a ca r-r-ied ou t by C. So nd ha ua , DJ 2 LI ha vp ah own t hat the

d iode a erlea IN 23 .. o ffered n o lo we r n ot ee flgu rf' a t 1. 3 G H ~ than IN
21•. ty pe s, T hp aut ho r Ulle a a 1 N 23 E d tc de wh ich l a ope rated with a
c ur fP nt of 0. 8 to 1.2 rnA . Th l a cu r re nt III t he n In dicat ed on a meter
ahu nt ..d fo r 2 rn A f. a. d.

2.2 .3 . If' l'REAMPLlf'l ER

Th p Inpu t of the- If' p r nmpllfl p r mu at be llO d imen a lon ed to a llow both the
m {xp r d lod .. {t a o ptim u m If' Im pf'dancp o f 3 00 to .500 n and the m o at o ptl -
mu m aoun: .. lmp..da nc .. of t hf' In put I ran a lat or, wh e re-by th f' Inpu t Im pe -
dancp o f t hl' tran a lato r a ct a a a th e te Jn1l na t lng im peda nce fo r the d iode
a n d t hp Imp..dancf' o f Ihe ( cur r f'nl carryi ng ) diode- aa t hp ecu rce Im pe da nce
fo r t he tran a l at or, S lnc .. th e ae Imppdll n c.. valu.. a lay In t hl!' aa mp o rde r-
of m agn il ud f'. a tran afonnalion p roce a e wa a n ot u a e d . 1\ c ould , however ,
be- poaal blp tha t a m o r e e xa ct m a t chinll at thl a po in t wou ld Im p rove th e
abaol ut e a..n a itl vlt y ,

T he input cln: ul t a ho ul d po a ap aa a h lghe llt po a e tble unl oa ded Q et nce all

pqulvah'n t r l!' a l at anc<;> a at th l a po int ha vl!' a n adv .. ral' e ffl'c t on Ih l!' no l ae
figure. In ext r e m e caa pa II m ay bl!' a dvla ..a bl l!' to form In duc t a nce L 7 In
a d lfferf'nt m anne r an d t o a dd itionally Ii olate th e be ee vol ta ge di vid e r from
Ih l!' critical h igh p o int of the fl ra t cln:ult with a RF c no ke ,

The Li e rat io o f th e f1ra t If' alag e ha a . In c on Junclion with the UHF

bl ockin g ca pacito r e 21 a nd the t ra n al at or Inp ut capac ita nce. been a o c hoa e n
that th.. circ uit ta dampl:'d 10 a Q o f 3 by th e ou tpu t Im pf'da nc f' o f th e diod l:'
a nd th e Input Im p ed a nc e of th e l ra n_ lato r. Th la co r r pa pon da 10 a band-
width o f a pprox lma tply 10 MH z . T h e a Ugn m l!' nt II thua un critical a nd It
ill only nec e a aary to a ltl!'r the ta pp ing on indu c tanc e L 8 to modify the
conve ner to re c e ive wld l'band al gn ala auc h aa F M or am ateu r- te levt e tcn
tran .m l n lon a.

In the calle In qu.... tlon. th .. out put ci rc ui t wa a ali gne d to a bandw idth or
appro x im a t e ly 3 hU h . wh ich la valid for a tenn lna tlon o f 60 n. A great er
ba ndwidth ca n b e obta tn e d by ual nll a lower t ran ..fonnalion r at io ( m o re
t u m e on th e a econdary ) .

The Iran a l a tor B F Y 88 I BFY 90 o r 2 N 34 78 la .Iao u ae d In the In pu l

ata gp o f the IF p rea mpl tfte r- wh e re t he m a j or portion of the ae n a lUvil y la
d et e nn lne d ( eee Sf'cllon 2,2. I. ). T ra nal ' lora ha vln ll a lo we r tran . lt fre-
qu<;>ncy auc h lIa SF 17 3, BJo' 2 24 a nd B Jo' 11 .5 WCM.lld alao be au lta b l. but
with a alightly low <;> r a baolute a <;> naltlvlty.

St ne e am con plana r lra na la tora auc h aa BC 130 o r BC 108 po a sp a a tran alt

frE'qu en c lE' s of a pp roxlma lely U O Mil". th ese ty pe s c a n b. u ee c In th e le ..
c r itical ..<;> c on d atag. o f t hf' cascodE' c i rc u li. Th p larlle rel roacU on c apa cit y
doe s n ol ha ve any eeve ree e trec l In thl a e t ecvn ,

- 40 _
 3. Mf; CIlAN ICAI. ASSEMBLY ( ~'i g . 2 to 10 )
3 .1. MA IN C UASS IS INC L UDING UII F I'O Il Ti O N AM } VARAC T O H
MUI.T ll'l.l t:ll
111" e oev e rte r I. bu ilt -u p on a i taa. flbr" r.. lnforc ..d 1, 5 mm ('pcny boord
wUh a c e ppe r- c~linl on both . u rfac" • . T hl. m" e rl.1 can bto .... lIy p ro-
c e • • " d a t h om " a nd can b.- . Im ply eolde red wit h th.. aid of • •mall '01-
d e rln . I ron . 111" "Ilc" ptlon 10 Ihl ......m bly i. Ih .. UtlF portion who... w.\I
pi e c e ••nd pa rt ili on •• r e m a d~' f rom bra •• pl.l" .mJ th~' tnner- conductor.
from b ra •• tubln l . T hi. I. to ..n. u ", th.1 li t' curr"nt .t th~' ..nd. of th c'
Inn " r conducto r ••nd • rou nd t ne cut-out. In th c' p"'rtltiona I. 2 .nd 3 c.n
0 010' r"' t'l y. T ht' bra .. " Ia l" I. 0 . 5 mm th ic k.

Sl nC" It I. irn po •• lble to u ... tHo nt c ha ••I. portion. wh ~'n ll ·mbling on

p r lnt. d circuit boa rd a. th.. al ....a dy t. l1o ...·d " w t. 1 I'I"c ... a • ao!tl.. ,·..d
d lr..cUy on to th.. non - d r-tfl ed m . 1n bOA rd . whtch 1.1 .. r fomla th .. upp" r
.Id.. o r t hto conv .. rt er. T h c' wa ll a a ...• provl d "d wit h . 10ta to ..na blt' th ..
.....mb ly 10 b .. . Im pli fl t'd a nd 10 gl vt· m o r t' llul'l>orl l", fo n ' a"ld.. rl ng,
F l•• 2 . ho w. th" aall..mbly o f th" ma in c·hn ..lll . f' lg . 3 thc' m ,' c'hankal
dlm"n . lon . o f th e pllrtiHon. lind Fl •. " th .. UIH' oo ruon of Ih e- conv r-rt er
with Ih e cor rto. pondi n" m oun tin lil In.t ru c Hon . , T a bl.. I ,",>Iltaln. 1111 d.. taihll
r e i .rdini th e- ca. ln i pl e- c... a nd m~'cha n ic a l a.... '·••orl ....

Th" •••e- m bly la co mm ..nee d with th e inn e rmoet plIrtltlon 2 110 Ih at Ih ,'
m ...lmu m 'pact' I • • vaUablt' for ru rth .. r 1I0Id" rlni. A n t' r 1I0ide rhli th ,'
.Idt', e-nd .nd pa rtition p l..cOl"' 10 th e ma in ch ••• I., th " UIiF Inpu t aock..t
Ski I I ••0 Id .. r ..d on thOl" In.ld.. art"r h,avl nlil drl1l ..d th . co rn'lIpondlnl hoi ...
It I. al.o po•• tb te 10 acrt'w Ih e lIoc ke t bu t car.. mUlit bo· t.k,·n thaI a lood
l rou nd cont.cl I . m .dE' tn.ide th t' coall ial circuit. Wh..n u.ini prlnt ..d
clrc u lla coal.d on bot h . u r facOI"' It i. Import"n t t h.t Ih .. irou nd pc tn te a r ...
m ed e on I h" co r-r ec t et de , •

Th" n...xt lI e- m 10 be m ounte-d i. t h... cou pll ni O'p C 20 whi<h I• •old'· ...-d
10 Ih . lnn "r conducto r of thOl" UH F in put .oc.·k..1 Ski I ( . .... Filii. ~n ). Th t'
' hr't'" lnn tor c on ductora. wh ich h. v" b...-n dr-tfled throul/h w it h .. 5 m m hoi ..
a r . n ow plac"d Into ..n d p lt' c" 2 and p a rt ltl on " 10 f ind Ih " hoi e l>o. ltl o n ll
for th e tu n lni t rtrn m er-e wh ic h a N.' loc llto'd d l r t·cUy und " r th ,' ...·nlro· hoi.. >!
o r t h.. tnne r con duc lora. Th c Ih r e-e h ol" l1 clln n ow b.. drll h '<J !rlto t h.. m n ln
bO>lrd. II I. n o w !,o aal bl" 10 mount th e- I r im nw r c'n rNlC\torli C 17 . C 18 and
C 19 wh ic h e r-e Ih..n lIold e-rt'd on I hl' In. ld .. lIu r fll{"'. T ho, 111')11011(>. of the
t r imm.. r c a ')lId to r •• r c now r l'm o ved . pl ll{'..d In to th.. {"·nl,·" h"l". of inc
lnne r- conducto r an d I h.· IIpl nd lell once Bill in ec r ew ..d 10 unll l th l'y .it hi
th E' c ..nt r e ho i" o r th .. inn .. r conduc tor •. T he- lnrl .. r- con<lUl:tlll" IIr" now
a dJIl.I.d .0 Ihat t he .pln dlp, aN.' n ol touc hed . nd l h..n lIold"ro'd.

Followi nl th i ., it I. nee.... aary 10 d r il l a hoi .. 10 th.. 111.111 boord for th.·

ee reeue .old .. rln l t'I , o n t o wh ich th e- couplini n.p C 16 101 lllounl"d ( Ill'.'
Fi •• " C). Th" .old .. r t'l r't'cplv... thOl" n.p In.It·.d of th .. urllin.1 tag
. n d I. In.t.lled ln to t hOl" convert" r. T h e hoh'. a r" n..... d rlllltd In Ihe- m'ln
boa rd tor th. thrt'OI" t rt mm e ra o r the v.rac lor quln lupl e r I ece "'il. 5 l. for
th . rour f.. "d.throulilh c' p'I(:lIora and ro r the- low-capllclty I'" f""d-Ihroul/h
I lI. e 1"11. 8 I. T h '" c ut _ou l fo r Ih . m e t e s- . hould . 1.0 be p",p. r t' d ( 1011'01"
1"11 . 5 ). Th. cont.ct IIprini o f t he m ix er d ludt' I. o ow 1I0ldl;'r.d Inlo th ..
c llt -oul In t h. flr. 1 p artit ion and the pl . t. for c.paello r C 21 p r" pll red to r
m ountlnll . It I. n ow po•• l ble- fo r t he conve rte r c hu.l. 10 bt' . 11v.. r p lat e d.
In l h e prot otype conve rt .. r t ne cov...r lind t h.. . ub _cha•• I. wer.· n ot . 11ve r
pl . te d .
- 41
 10001 _ 1 . ..",·.
.. ........
c.....·

I
•
I

, .... " ... J

• •

--, - . - --, -
- -."..
•
_"' U. f '9 J, WIdIonic:ol 01",...._ of l'artl ~ 1.2
and J of " - 24cm Cann " ..
Malt.. io l ...... If! Tabl . 1

- 42 -
 i -,I I
•

"
,
-
~

t .••
~

I ,
•- ,
J
I
-! i •i
i ,I j

i
1 -.
,
I
-
1
' - \- ;, } - 1 I /
•
u
-+ .~,=-r= l;l:t - -
0 -+ ~
.--..l e-: » •
u,
C - i .~.""""-'.'-_•
I _
- - ----- Xl
- T io::.. 1'- - - - -1'

- -
I
'1 - ,<; 1'- _
-• I i•
-- ,1 - _ m_ _ I I ---~
J
- 43 -
 T he 1I0ld erab h: fe l'd -Ih r ough ce pecttcr-e a rt' n ow aol d .. re d 10 t he tne td e o f
t hl' conv er-ter- a nd t he W rl·... d ~thr ou gh p re llM e d Into pla c e.

Tht' varacla r multi pllt' r la moun tt'd In c nu mbe etv h(· .I dt' th e cou pling nap.
In o rd l' r 10 oblaln th e 8ho rl"81 pOlillib lt' conn t'ctlona 10 IhE' r t' lIoo K"t Un e
t r-anercr-me r-. Th e IIta r poi nt of Iht' clrcult la I hl' hut ('n d o t the d iod e . the re
bl'lng no corm .. ("lingl ..a dll. Th l' IlIn' l' In duc la nl'p" an' a r ra nged In d irte rent
dl r l"cllonll In ord r r to oblaln a d "coupllnll e r te c t , Tht' n'.Iator H 8 IIho u ld
b.· 118 lo w a a ~)"IIII>lt' Ilnd Ita va lu .. cn n b.. va rl ...1 10 ('a lab Uall the m U1I1
o pti mum value, St·.. F ig . "~ for furtht'r d..talill.

Till' o.llcl llalu l· purtlon • •'xc!ud lnr. qulntu pler. lin d th t' IF p n'a mpll ti er r .. _
p t-vae-nt in dil/l duul lIub-all.... mbllt'1II lInd Rrl" " .·parat .. ly alla..mbt e d , p r t' -
ullllm'd und tll ,'n'ufl .'r mountl'fl 00 10 th .. main chaalila.

3,2, OSClLI.ATOH I' OHT IO N (Fig. til

Thla ...parah:ly lilltit·mbl.. tl Ilub-allll t'mbly l'omp rl.eat hl' cryatltl Ollcma tor.
til., trl plt'r and th ." 2 "~3 Mill hurrt'r amplltlt'r IItllge. It la buil t u p on a
ama ll p r-int,·d clreuil bOilrd. whkh la coppe r coated on both aurtaCE'a
( Ii('t' nil. 6), A parlltlon made- trom th l' Ilam l' matt' r ia l , Into wh ic h h'lIn -
.. i..lor T ~ III mOt'nt '-d. 1I,'pil ratell th .. In put lind OUlplll of the 253 Mil /. am-
plifier IIlag e , Of c our-ae-, brR.IIII pl att· cou ld IIbo to .. uee d t o r th la sub -
alllli'mbly , an d wlth ,'oougll ,· xp.' r le nc .. , I,.. modifi ed into a p r-trned ci rcu l
lmu r d .

Th., ord.- r ot a .. lIt-mbly tor thlll aub _alltl ..mbly la b r iefly de ec r tu ..d all re news :
Sa w th .. plat t' lind .('n'l' ninll ot ec e to 1111 " , dr ill a lt til .. n ..c....lIry ho le.,
eo tdcr on Ih .. pll rtltilm and th ..n "old r- r th ., fCf> d -th rough capaclto... In to
pla c .. . ( Th ., uP l'cr ..td ., of th .. p r i nt e n ci rcuit board III ulIe d all llrou nd for
a ll HFllrou nd potnt e}. Soldl'r two IIc r l' WIl { nppr-o x , 15 m m lo ng ) 10 lIuitab le
po" IUonll on th .. p r lnt .'d boa r d lind d r lll Ih .. cer- e.. ..pond ln ll ho le e Into the
conl/(' I·It'r " hall.. I" , wh.. rl' t h.. o ..cl11ator boa r d ill la t .. r to be m oun te d w lth
th ... aid alpacl ng ptecee. T il.. crylltal la n ow 1I0ld " n' d to th e m oun tin ll pla te
with Ih .· "'.>I'\",·"tlOI w ln' lI fa c t n g u pwa rdll. A c ryata l ho lde r wa . n ot u . ..d
h"CllU...' Ih .. c 1"y"tnl nl"' d not " .' clt c/uongl'd , a n d b..c au s .. con tac t dl fflc u l U.. a
e hoctd b.' avold ..d. Th.. t r-tmm e r- capac Ito... a n d the al n 'a dy wound c ot ! f o r_
In ..... a l'l" now InOUnl l'd. 'l' hf> conn .'cl\on po i nt II o f th.. cry_ ta l , fe e d - th roullh
capacito r .. a nd th .. trim m e rll oH.. r e nou ih pOII. lblli tl e ll to r m ountln ll I h..
addltlolla l compon ..ntll , a nd for th l. r c a son t n e t rllnllia to ra ha ve not bf> f> n
prol/h l"d with 1l000 kl't .. .

Till' n\'utrali/litlon Indu ctnne o e h I of the c ry llta l la ao ld e r e d d lrt'ctly o n

to ;' .1' hRIII' of t h .. cry..ra t , wh ich IlII acc e ••ab le fr om abo ve . T h e r e . lat or.
H I, It 3 , H 5, H 6 a nd It 1 a a w<'11 a. the l e n e r- d lod.. IIr .. a ll moun te d
unt f>r t ht, "h" .... l. an d con nec te d to t he l owe r ..n d . o f th e f.... d - t hr ou gh c a .
I"' c !t o r ll.

Th t· t r an . llItor T 3 of th f> 2 S3 M il /. am pl if ier . ta ge la m ount ed with lia

c onn e ctl ng If>ada facin g u p wa r d a In a c u r-out In t he oac Ul a t o r pa rt lU on
( .... E' Fl~l;' 6 ). Th t' I'mll tE'r a nd acr" E' nl n g ccnn e e uone a r .. aold e r ..d d r rec r-
Iy atoov.. It,.. c ut -out to g rou nd. The e n au re a that th .. t ran a ia l o r I. fi r mly
hl' ld , t h at th .. 1"1"" conn..c Uo n la on o ne a ld t· for t h e Jo ini n g t o the lowea ,
h....old.' n' d on til t, oth e r .Ide to the t r i m m e r C 9,

· 44 -
 ~ . Fig S:
Ml'd'lonieol AU ltmbly
of ~ VoroctOl' M",ltj ~
pll..- I" Chamber 17

".
".
00 . ,.
Fig 6: l below )
MK ho niea l ADtmbly
01' ttl_ 05cllla tor Pottion
In Cho mb., IV.
Sectional Vi _ A.·A
li N 0110 Table I I
o b c
'-A

"

- .. , -
 Aft er m oun llng Ih e oaclilato r boa r d Into Ihe c o n verte r c h a ..la, a 5 mm
wide Ih ln c o ppe r foil al rl p la s ol d e r-e d belween th e upper au r fac e o f Ihe
oaclllalo r bo ar d ( a l Ih e e eee of C 9 ) 10 I he con ve rte r c h a .. la ( gro un d
po lnl o f t n e vara cl o r d iod e I, Th e la 81 fe e d -Ihrough ca pac ito r o f t he eee n -
l al or porI Ion C 14 la connect ed to Ihe e xle r n a l feed .through c a pacito r C U
loc a l ed In fr on l of Ih e m e te r vla a wide ban d c hoke , It la p re ..ed Int o Ihe
c o r n e r ao th at the o pe ratio n o f the va reeter- d iod e la n ot dla lu rb e d ( e ee
Fi g. 5 I, F in al ly C l O l a sold e r-ed betwe e n the h igh pol nl o f the 25 3 Mll z
c i rc u it a nd Ihe flrat va r ac to r tr imme r C II.

3 ,3. IF P REAMPLI F IER PORTION I F ig. 7 an d 8 I

T hla a ub _u.embly la built u p o n a p r int e d ci rcuit boa r d whi ch la a horter
I han c hamb er V ot Ih e conve rte r to en a ble e nough room fo r t h e IF f"ed_
through and fo r th e feed- I hrough c a pacito r C 32. T h e lo nielll aide 1I11l1: a
33 mm by 5 mm cur -ou t t o allow e n ouih r oom to r the pl ate capacito r C 21
with It a tw o pla atl c ac r e wa ho lding th e m ixe r d lod", a nd tor t h e Ie e d - th r o u gh
c a pacito r C 25.

Th'" lar i eal e om pcn e nt a on t he p r lnl ed circuit board er-e th e tw o U by 15

mm t arie a nd 26 m m hi gh alu m in um ac r E' E' nl ng cana of L 7 an d L 8 , The
ar r an gement of th.. com pon e nt a an d Ih .. pr lnled c on duc tor lan ea la IIhown
In F lgu r .. a 7 an d 8 .

Thi a aub _a ..e mbly la a lao m ount e d with tw o ac r-ewa ec tde r-ed to a u ll a b ll!'
poaillona a nd with ap acl ng preeee t o the ma in ch a .. la. The mou nting po int
la aufflclen t al Ih la trequ..nc y fo r th e g roun d conn ection an d I h e o nly con -
n e c t ion a Ih at a re reqUi red afte r Ulil e mbly la 10 I he mi lle r dio de , I. e. to
th e plaIt' of c a pac itor C 21, 10 C 25, C 32 a nd 10 th e IF fe .. d -t h rou i h.

F in a ll y t h.. IWO f..e d _lh r ou gh c apaclton fo r Ih e d iod e c u r-re nt I C 25 and

an othl'r o n.. not ilvl'n In tne ci rcuit dla i rarn wh ic h la to b.. fo und eero r e
th e meter ) who ul d b e connec ted to an ot her. Capacltora C U a n d C 32 a r e
a l a o joln ..d loge ther.

A aol dt' r t a g la Iex..d to a ec r ew of Ih .. IF pr..a m p\l (l e r a n d la u ae d aa a

i roun d po int . A coa xi a l c able ia n ow con n..cted t o Ihl a p<> lnl and to I h.. IF
Iee d - th r o u gh, F inally a tw o cor-e cable I. c on nec l e dto i roun d ilnd c e pactto r-
C 32 .

T h e converter ill n ow fitted wtt h a cove r m a d.. ou t ot a alngle eoated p rint e d

c ircuit board. T he nuta ectd e r e d t o the c o rn e r-e o f th e c o nv e rt e r an d to
the cor -ner- ot Ih.. co mpart ml'n l ot the p r ima ry r l' a onanl li n e , lir e n ow u lled
10 hold the cover In place. T h e pr lnl e d ci rc uit l a m ounte d with t h e c e nduct ,
Ing IJurtace facing ou twarda an d groun d..d on ly v ia th E' (l v e ec rew e, Thia
la aumel.. nt to a vo id an y detuntng o f Ihe con ve rt e r an d t hu.l ...nau rlni th a i
no out ai d.. In nuencl'c e flee t Ih .. o p.. r a tl on o f th e al'naillve UH F clrculla.
It It ia dl' a lre d to make th e conve rt e r " a lr - Il ght" . I hla c an be mad e with
c o ppe r rcn, a r ubb er padd ing and a aoll d Iron COVl' r o r by al' alln g all
au rfac l'a In a p rofl'aalo nal manne r-,

- 46 •
 !
JI
••
;
•
I d
•
: I
•!
I
1
••
•
•

UHF portion {see Fig. 41

Chambtr IV Olambfi III Chambtor II ChamlMr J

Oscill a tor
, ... Fig. 5 1

C2.
Diode C 21 ' IF
e23

JF output Prinr.d board isM Fig 7 1

Fig . 8: The Accomodatlon 01 the Preamplif ier in the

24em Convert er Chassis IDL3WR I
-n .
 3. 4. COIL PA TA
L I 9 tu m. of I mm dl •• I II Aw e ) . Il v. r pl.ted c op pe r wlu
on. 6 mm Conn er without co r e. SpIlcl n, be t wee nt u m •• pproll: .
I mm. F.ed.ba;c k a nd lappin, potnt on Ih. and lum.
L 2 2 t urna. wl u and ronner aa L 1. Sptleln , betw••n tu rn a
a pp "oll:. 2. 5 m m . D.c ouplln, wlndln, ) t urn of 0 . 5 mm dla .
I 24 AWG ) .na m .lI.d ccppe .. wl ..e.
L ' 3.5 tu rn • • wi ... . nd ronne .. a. L ese ept ..It h SW c o re.
Spacl nll be twe.n tur n. I mm ,
L • 6.5 tu ..na at I m m d la. ( 18 AWe ) a llve r plated c oppe r wire
woun d on • 6 mm ronner• • e U·.uppo n inl a nd d o.e woun d .
L e 3 IIIma of I m m d l• . ( IS AWe, allver plaled c o ppe r w lr.
wound on a 6 mm fo nne r , .elt••up po n ln, ..lIh a pp ro• • ) mm
epacl nll bet ween lu m ••
L • 1, 5 lum. ot I mm d la . ( I I AWe ) allver pl at ed coppe r wlu
wound on a 6 mm former. ae U -.uppo n lnl.
L 1 0. 5" It I a ppr-ox. ) Ol u ma).
L' t " II (.ppro• . 14 lu m. ) ta pplnl . pproa. 3 tum a.
Chi I I: tu rn. of D. 5 mm dl a . ( 24 AWQ , en. m e lled cop per wi re
on • 4 mm ro nn. .., do. e ..ou nd, .eU .up po ninl.
Ch 2, Ch 3 50" II .. ld. bllnd cho ke , unc r-ltical .

4. A LIGN MENT O}O' T ilE CON VE RTE R

T he tlret . llrnmt'nt .rte .. . dJueUn .. th.ope ..aU n, poin t . of Ir.n.l ator. T I
a nd T .1 la the . dJu.l men t of the c ry. t. l o.cI U. to r , Whe n not o'CUt. tin , •
• colleClor eu ..re nt or ' pproll:l m.tely 2 mA will n o.. . A VHF-re ceiv e r- de -
t un . d to 14 Mlh c'n be ua.d fo r . ece re e Cr. qu ..nc y check. AUe nll on II
Ih. 71h h' rnl on lc of Ihe cry.I.1 { 125 . 3 MH" la In th . tunln l ran .... of
I rlmmer cap"cllor C 3. Th .. o.clllato.. . hou ld nol o.elilale . 1 . ny ot he r
Creq\l.ncl.... It thl. i. Ih .. c ..... Ihe neu t r. lb. tlon call ahou ld be c han , ed:
U t he oacm.tlon la . 1 tne low" r- end of Ihe t un In, ranll. th. n...m ber of
t ... rna .hould bf' Inc r-"and an d vtee -ve r-•• for o.c mallona.t th . h l,he r en d,

T he .Ilrnmt'nl I. m.d" .. it h Ih" t ri ple t- conneCled, which ' a houl d paa.

a pprolt.imal~'ly 3 rnA collec to.. cu ....en t an" r- Ih. aUmm lont wh"n co...pled o p -
ti mumly 10 the 253 Mllz .mpll fi e r .1.,,,. T h" coupHn, to L 1 .nd th e va lu e
of R 4 can 1>" v. ..ie d if nec e ..a ry, T h" m ui llp li er .t . ..e wllh I ... n . i. l o r
T 2 Ie . 1I"nl·d fa t- Ih" m a zlm um eotteete t- c u rren t of T 3, T 3 la fln. lly
c. ..ry ou t A pow.. r m e ••u ..e me nt , . pprozl ma t" ly 12 m W . hou ld 1.1 .. m ea . .....ed
al th... Ihlrd .1 ......

Art .... In.t.Ui n.. Ih" .bov......b- •••embly II .. Il l 1.1" nee•••• ry 10 ..e - . lI m
L 3/C 9, whleh will h.ve be.n d..I1,In"d by Ihe qui ntuple r-, 'rhi. I. ca ..r led
oul wllh Ihe .Id of Ihe ab.orptlon etreun . nd by .dJu.llnl the cou of In -
d...e tenee 1. 3 until r-".on.nc. I. fou nd. Durin .. Ihl. ,U(rIm ..nl, Ihe . bao rp _
lion cln:ul1 i. tak..n funhe ...nd funher from Ihe conve..,er,

- 48 -
 The t ...o trlmmen of the UHF r e aonant li ne trando r me r are no ca re -
tuUy allaned, ...hereby both trirrltw n a hO\lld be equal ly tu rne d ( Ith t he
prototype c o nv e rt e r o f the au t ho r , the pl aton a of Ih e .. t ...o trl mmera • n d
that of lhe Inpul c irc ui t , protruded . tune In to t h e h ol ea of t he reaonant
lin e a) , T he t a .k of thi • •lIanment la t o fi nd a p o a ltl on of t he t r lm m era
...here a diode c u r r e nt of a p p roxl ma t e ly 1 t o Z "A n o.... . Thla i. rneaau r-ed
by dia conneclin, t he bui lt _In mete r and by con necUn, a e ene n tve "A m e t er
In It . place . If the oac illa to r port ion la ce e rec uy . lI aned, t he un.U,n e d
quintu pler ... iII au pply en ou , h h. rm on lc p o...er t o e na ble. nOllc e a bl e a m. n
d iode c u r r e nt .

The neld a ll an m e nt l a the a dJua lm e nt of the quintu ple I', ...h ereby t he reao-
nen ce o f L 3/ C 9 m u at .l.... y . be co r r ec ted becauae It i. effecled by tr im-
me r c.paclt or e l l . The a Uan mll'nt o f Ih e qu intupler la corrl'ct , if t he
diode cu r r e n l ia . t l e a at 1 mA . nd If no r .pld v. rla tlona of d iod e cur ren t
. re n otic ed on ca r etu ll y rot a tl na trl m mt' ra C 11 , C 12 a nd C 13, It I. a lao
ne ce e•• ry to readJu at th e cou pll na n. pa o f t he p r imary circuit C 16 a nd
the UHF reaonant lin e t r a nafo rme r du rl ni t hl •• U,nm ent proce ... The Ideal
m e a n a of c a r ry ln a out t hla a ll p men t I. ... lIh th e ai d o f a e pec t r-um analyze r
...hi c h can be a lm p ly c on nec ted t o th e Input aoe ke t of t he conv erter. How-
eve r •• lec her Un e c. n be uaed t o mea au re lh e wav ell!'n ilh of t he vo ltaaea
a cro a. t he Idler c i rc uit. an d the UHF reaon. nt Un e t ra naforme r, T he cor-
rect w. velenilh I. Indtc ared by. dip In th e diode curre nt. T h e leche r lt ne
la ellher e epec tttve cou pled with the open end o r inductively cou p led .t
th e c loaed tmd . In t he flnl eeee, t he fin t d ip fou nd by v. ryina the poef -
t lon o f the ah ort i. at a 1 /4 wav e ( >.. /4 I, whe re. . wtth Inductive cou pHna
It la at l iZ wa ve ( >.. /4 ),

The aUanment o f the UHF cl rcultl I. ext rem ety c ritica l bul can be 1!'1I . lly
c a r ri e d out with the ai d o f th e M 4 ac rew t h r ead. If t h e requi r e d d iode
c ur rent la not a c hieved, t he at a b Uiz ed VOlta lle of t he oacl11 a to r a nd quin_
tupll!'r ca n be modified to 9 or 10 Va neI' the moat o pti mu m a Ullnmen l o f
a U at a llea ha a been co m plet e d . If on th e olhe r h and a too hlaher d iod e
c u r r e n t la found, thl. c ' n be cor-r ected by a hln lng t he o peratlni pol l'll of
the Z~ 3 MHz am pll fl e r t r .n al .to r . t'ae T 3 t ow . rd a cia .. C ope ration
( R 5 c a n be rem o ved In thl. C," I.

The ' li p ment of th e IF a m plifier I. ll~tted to t h e ch eck ing of the operallna

po int. of T 4 a n d T 5 which ahoul d ha ve . co llecto r eu r-rent o f 2 rnA a nd
c hec kin g for . ny Ina t. bl llty ( loa d Input with 500 0 a nd th e output w ith 60 O J.
After ha v lni co r rl'ct ly . Uaned the cteee cu r rent, the IF prl'ampllfler la
a ll an l'd for m a x tm um n et e e In the . hort wave r ecelvl' r ( 10 met r-es I. T hl'
. 1Ian m e nt o f the ou tpu t . t.ge la c lea r ly he a r d , whe r ee e the a Hgnm t'n t of
Ih e fl rat atalle o f the preampll fi l!'r ca n Juat be seen on the S rnet e r ,

The input circ u it o f th e conve rte r ia coe raely tu n e d by .!lillini It to lh l'

oac llia to r frequen cy ( di p on th e met er j a n d by ma klni Z tu ma In an out -
wa r d a d ir ection. T he r e e onen c e poin t will n ow be foun d nea r th la po in t .
The re . onanc e po int \I found by c on nt'c tl na a co r rt'c lly te rm in at ed a nte nna
o r t erminatin g r e al at or . nd tunlna fo r rhe maxlmum S mete r r e ad lni
( m.x lmum n ol . e) , An e x'c t no l'e, Uan m e nt .nd nol.e m.tc hl ng c.n only
be c a r r ie d out with the ai d o f • no l ae a elle r.to r f The cou pHna n e p C ZO
I. appr.oximatt'ly 5 mm from the Inne r conducto r 1,

- 49 _
 F Ir . i
Ot. 3 WIl

· 50 -
CO MP ONE NTS LIST ( Fl• . a)
RESI STORS
RI
R 2
4, 1 len
220 1d1
"" ,, 3. 9 len
820k!l
R II , R 13
RI2
1. 2 len
51 0 len
R 3 I2Id1 R' 18"" " 14 62 0kfl
n• 51 "" 27""
R 4
n e
!l6 k!l
100 ld'l "10
" "" ""
" 18 1 . 2 len
"17 1 00 len

CA P AC ITO RS
C I , c s . C 7, C I , C I 4, C U , C 25 , c aa 0,001 "Ftud- thr oo lh
ca pacll o r
C 2 62O p F' c .. ra m lc ca pac ltol C 18 cOl.l pll n. n a p. eee FI • • 4A /4 C

C , (d iac o r tubula r) C 11 . C 18 ,C I 9
C20 cou pHn. n ap, au F I., 3A /48
,• "•
p F t r lm m e r
C 33O p F c e ra m ic c a pac it o r C 2I a pp ee e, 10 pF, ...e F ll' 4A
C pF t ri mm er C 22 O.O OI"F
C
C 10
• '-' pF c e ra m ic ca pac ito r
O. !l pF ce ra m ic c a pa c it o r
C 23 35 pF
C 24, C 26 , C 28 O.OI" F c e r a m ic
C 11 I to 10 pF } lI.. a C 27, C 29 n On"F ca pac ito r
C 12 0. 7 to 5 pF t ubu lar C 30 27 pF (d ta c o r
C O. !l t o 2 pF I rlmme ra C 3I 0.0 22" F tubu la r )
"

cer a mte tub ular trlm men

SE MIC ONDUCTO RS

T I 2 N 701 , 2 N 911
T 2 In ' 115, 2 N9 11
T 2 lH "Y II , BFY 90, 2 N 3471
T 4 BFY 81 , B F Y 90, 2 N 3<178 Sc r l'l.'nl ng cans
T e BC 130, BC 101, 2 N 339 8, SK 302 0 as eeed In t he IF"
pr f'-ampIUit"r
IOI •
D I Ze n. r 7 V I P UOm W
D 2 Va re clor : CJ • 5 p FatU
r
. 2 V I.... In t i
D 3 Miller di od e : I N 21 A•. • For I N 23 .•.

OTII ER C OMP ONE NTS

C ry. ta l : 84 . 533 M" ~ IIC - B/ U with aolde r ln. leada
Met er: I rnA, r e a iat a oc. 100 n
BNC aoc ke t UG - 109 4/U 1 c era m ic r. ed-I h rou llh
- 51 -
 Am ount F igu re De a lgna tl on. Mat er ial , Prcc e ..lnl, Su r f..ce Oimen alo na
M.. ln boa rd . i:1.... - f1b r e re ln Corced 14 0 r. It O mm
e po xyd 1 . ~ mm boa r<! with cop pe r
loa Hn lon bo th au r f.. eee
Co ... e r , II.... - ri bre r e info rc e d e po xyd 140 x 110 mm
1 . 5 mm boa r d wit h a lnl le cop pe r coa ti n g
2 Si de p lf"cf" I , Ila .. -fl b re re ln fo r c f"d 140 x 40 m m
e po xy d 1 . 5 m m boa rd with c o pp e r
c oa lin, on bot h . u re.c e.
2 Side pte c .. 2, m e t e r la l . nd d lm e n.lon a
aa fo r . Id.. pi e ce I
R e a r pt ec e I , gl••• · Clb re r t' ln forc e d 110 x 40 m m
e poxyd 1. 5 m m bQard with co pp e r-
c oating on bot h .u r fac .. a

••
3
R... r p te c e 2, I mm b n •• pia t t'
P . r tltion l , O, ~ mm b r .... platt'
11 0 r. 40 m m
1001. 40m m
3 p . rt itl on 2. 0 . 5 m m b ra .. plat. 100 x 40 mm
3 P a rt iti on 3, Ila .. - nb r e r .. ln Corcf"d 140 x 4 0 mm
e poxyd I. 5 mm boa r<! with copp.. r
coat in g on bot h .u r Cac".
P a rt itio n 4 , 0 . 5 mm bn •• pl at e 75 r. 40 mm
4A, 4 0 C. paclto r boa r d IC 211,1 mm bra .. pla te 27 1. 17m m
4A,40 F o il [ dte t ec t r jc oC C 211, 0 . 2 mm th ic k 30 x 20 m m
tenon
4 A,40 M 3 ac r e w ., 10 mm lon l , nylon
4A , 40 C on tact a p rlnl fo r m lxt' r d tod e r e m c ve d
f r om a E L 34 lubf" .oc ket {Oo::ta ll
3 Inne r con ductor , 7 m m b ra •• tube , 10 4 m m
lon g a nd O. 5 m m wa ll t hic kn e . .
4A.48 Coup ll n l n ap for In put 0 . 5 mm b ra .. platt'
4 A,4C Cou pli nl n a p for qu lntu pl e r , 0. 5 m m a p prox.
b n. a plat e 25 x 10 mm
4C, s Ct'umlc s olde r t.g, 6 mm h ll h
6 a' ''e boa rd fo r the oec tu ..t o r po rtio n. 70 x 30 m m
I la .. - fl b r e r einforced e po xyd 1 , ~ m m
board wit h copp ... r coating on bot h a u re ..c e.
6 P a r ti tion fo r eeetne to r p o rt lon a. aa m ... 30 x 25 m m
ma te ria l a . t he baae boa r d
7 IF p r ea m plifie r board. L 5 m m p... rtl na x 62 x 24 mm
... p oxy d boa r d wit h .In gle c op pe r COll ti n g
4A, 4 D Leaf ap rl ng for m au ntl n a: m ixe r di od e
4 M 3 ec r-ewe, 15 m m lonl wit h nuta
5 M 3 e c r ... we , 6 m m lo na:. th e nuta a re aol d e r e d

T.bl. I, LI .t o f the r t' qu lrt'd ca bl " ..t p l...cee Inc lud in g ecce ••o ry part ••
( se.. Fla:. 2 to 6 )
- 52 -
 5 . NOT ES
An ~ .. m ln at' on o f th e pass-band cur-ve and an am plification m e a au r " m " nt
c ou ld. un fo rtuna te ly . not be ca r r ie d oot. H09' a ve r. no fa ll-oft of th. nolle
I.val ca n bl' not iced with in the 2 Milt tMnd wldt h. Th. S m.le r IndielUon
of t he noll e le v.1 ho w e v e r Indi c I I•• a n I m pllfleltlon o f a pproxl mlt.ly 26
dB.

Th. author woo ld Ilk . to t ha n k th e ama t l'Uri C ia ul Son dhaul. OJ 2 LI

a nd Ha n ....o n E lle n. OJ I VO to r Ih.lr kind th e o r.tl Cl1 a nd pra ctlc II 1 . . 1-
. Ia ne . In the pl. nn lnll' m bly a nd a UlI'n m .nl o f t hl. con ve rt .r .nd for the
24 e m QSO' . In th lcl nlty o f Ul m , We .lern G.I'TIl.ny.

6. REF ER EN C ES
H.M . Meye r J r.: A c ry.I. I -con trolled 1296 Milt Con.... rter.
QST 46 I 19112 I. No. 11, paIn II to U.
2 O . Sl' ld. l : E ln Kon .... rt e r fOr de. 24_e m . a.nd,
UKW- UE RIC IITE 4 I 196 4). H I, PAi.l 18 to 24.
3 0 1" ROhr . 8U 5 b. t F~qu .. naen Ob.r I OIh .
TE l.E FU NKE N-Ta.c h.n buc h 1967, Te chn l. ch .r An ha n i . pa l •• 51 10 55.

We wou ld !ike to Introd uce the new fourth

eChl lOn of Ihe o riginal Amat . u r
R.dlo H. nd book

&
:
- RADIO COMMUNICATION
HANDBOOK
RSOB
CD

....·:
•
•

•
W.lghlng 2.5 kg (5 Iba). It c o nl. ln, 830
pag. , padl.d full 01 up -to·date lacnnlc a l
Inform .tlon
C lrCullS and lacn no log V eo .... rlng the
who l. ran.g. of .mat.ur ra d io Irom b.ale
I p rlncl pl. , 10 ao pl'lI'lIcated SS B and
I
,
: RTTY equ ipm.nt.

·•• • Mor. tha n 30 y.ara 01 e.par lanca hava

gone Into the p roduclio n 01 th l' a . call enl
ha ndbo ok
• • Ha rd -bound lo r man y va . r. 01 la lthful
·•• IIrvIC.
PrlC. OM 36. -; US $ 9,- or na tlone l
: eq ul...a l. nt (Includ ing po ttage)
•, Th. Rad io Com munic atio n Handbook I. eva l-
labIa. from :
UKW·BERICHTE • H. I. Cohill' , OJ 3 QC
0 ·8520 Ert.ng.n. GI. ..... ,U.r 5 tr.... -4~
W• • t.rn Germ. ny
Oeutldle Ban" Erl."lIl"' . Konlo 41$ m
Po'"d'l'ckkonto Numbe , o Dol s.r.

- 53 •
 A 144 MHz ADAI "T E It F OR USE WIT H A 10 METRE SSM T ItAN SC E IVER
by E . KrahJ , DL 9 G U

T h e fo llow in g article deac rlbea a c omplete r eeneve rt e e- c ce verter- com b i -

n a ti o n , allo wi ng a SSB t ran a c e lver to be ope rate d on th e 2 metre band .
Th e deec eIbed combination ia uaed In conjunc ti o n wi th t h e 28 MH:r. r ang e
o f a Dra ke TR 4 but la , o f couree, equa lly auitable for u a e wit h ot he r
tranacel vt' r a havIng the r a n g.. 28 to 30 MH :r., and for a ll opera t in g modea
(A M, FM a nd CW) .

Th e ad aptt'r la lIt'lt contatned com plet e w it h po wer' au pply In Ita o wn c a blnt't

an d la pla c t'd bet ween tht' tra nact'lvt' r and t he ent e nna. Th t' u nit alao po-
aae ..t'a a change-over a wlt c h wh ich m ak e a It po a a l blt' to rapidly a witc h
from VH F to 10 met r-e c pe r-at ton ,

I. 'rtnc E LECTIUC AL DESIGN

Th.. bloc k diag ram o f t h.. sse a dapter for 144 MHz la s hew n In F ig . 1.
T h t' c i rcuit diag ram II of t he indiv idual aub -aut'mbllt'a a re , Iven In F Igure a
2 to 6. Spt'c1al altl1'ntlon haa bee n m a d e du ri ng t he ccnce puc» o f thl a un it
to avo id h a r m on ic and a pu r tou a alinal gen t' ratlon.

1. 1. B LOC K DI AGRA M ( F ig . I 1
T he oJ>t'ra Ho n of th e adapte r la s ho wn In the b lock diag ram Fla. I . The
auxil iary fre quency of I I 6 MHz la generated In an oa cillato r com p r la ln g
tu be a V I , V 2 a nd V 3 and l a Ied vi a out put connector I to t he 2 m e t r-e
c o nv e Ml1' r ( eeoetve m ixe r I aa we ll a a v ia out pu t connecto r- 2 at a level
o f 400 mW to Ih t' trana mlt mille r com p ril lng tub e a V 4 and V~ . Thl1' 28
MHz . ign a l f rom t he tran act' lver la taken f r om t he cont rol grid of th e
u- an ec e tve r- l'A a nd fed vi a a 3 pF ca pacllo r a t a level of a p p ro:ll\ma te ly
I V to mille r V 4 . T h.. 28 MHz al,n81 'I a n ow mr xe e w ith t he au x ilia ry te e-
quen cy c t 116 MHz. av ailable at conn ..ctor 4 , to ob tain th e final f r e qu ency
o f 144 MHz , whI c h la then p.. ae d vi a out put connec tor ~ t o th e Hn e a r am-
plllle r V 6. T hO' algnal la the n a m pli fll1' d by V 6 a n d ft'd to th e t ran amlt
c on t a c t of the c oaxlal change.ove r relay . T h t' operatlne voltage a for t h e
ll nt'a r ampllfler art' obtai n ed from t he t r an a c e lve r, Le, th e pla tt' volh. g..
o f .. 6 ~0 V and the s w lt c h a ble acn''' n gr id voltage of .. 200 V.
The com mon auxlliary f rf>qut'nc y of 116 MII:l. la h 'd to the 2 me t re conver_
te r- via conn..c to r 8, Brt.. r wh ich It 115 m ix e d with th e 14 4 Ml h a lgn a l avail-
able at Input c on n (>c to r 10. T he r O' s ult ln g tnter-medt ate frequency of 28 MH:r.
la red to thO' n- en e c et ve r fo r fuMhe r p r oceaa lng.

Thf> .Il wltc btn g from VHF to 10 me tr-e o pe ration la m ade with a wlt c h S L
Durlne ehort wa ve ope ration , , wltc h contact S la flf'ed. th e acre..n arid
vo lta ge back to the i r en e c et v e e a nd contact S I b . wit c h e . the . hort wa ve
an te nna t o the an tenna connector- of th e t ren ecetve r, Cu rin e 2 m e t r t' o pe -
r a tion. t he c on v e rt e d r ..celv(> IIli11 Bl o f 28 MHz la f.. d vIa con tact S l b to
t he re ce rve r an d . du r ln a tran.mlt , the ec r e e n erld vo lta ll(> from t he t r an a_
eerve r la fed to the 2 metre IIne o.r am plifie r.

T he contae t a o f a wlt c h S I ah ou ld be . Uve r platl'd and b e moonte d on a

c (' r a ml" base , T llla I. t o t'n.ure that It I. a ble to handl.. th.. R ~' out put
o f th l' "'hort wave t r an llmltter. whl<'h la from 8 0 t o 100 watt In the c ae e
In qu e.llt!on .

· 54 -
 --
"-
.- _
,..,.
, . a.. . , . _.
r---~ -· - ...- -.. -----
•

.. N
~ N

. ,.,..
1" _ N_
"".
::. ;;:.

'1, I' • • ~ ~ I"_"

!fl. J ... . , . . ......
.... ... pt.. .. . "<. ..... _ . ... , . .. . SSI .......... - IIO "'i rw_

1.2 . TilE INDI VlDUAL CIRCUIT DIAG RAMS OF T ilE S UB·ASSEMBLIt;S

( . '1• • 2 to 6 ,
Th e Indiv idual ci rc u li dl ••r am s o f Ih...ub- . . . ...mbll • • a r t' II follow . : Fl, .
:2 for the o lc ill a to r . F l • • 3 for th . tran s m it m lx t'r. FI,. .. for th e linear
ampll f lf'r• •' 1, . & fo r the r e e etv e N 'l1 vor rt e r and Fl, . 6 for th e po... e r- .up...I)'.

1.2.1 . TilE OSCILLATOR C Fl• • :2'

Th. c om p le te circuit dla, ram of th" o lc illa to r a ll ' ll' II .hown In
T ht ' osdUato r I UppU. , t he c om m on Ilu IU.,,)' f n'qutoncy o f 116 Mil l for
2. .'1,.
bot h I h" r e c e ive a nd I rana mll m b .. r • • In o lc ill a to r V I , th., cryllll l"'· I"\'.a
I" c a th od .. c ou plin , lI n k be tween the I wo t rl od .. ay a ll' ma o f th .. 12 AT 7 .
T hll' fl n l t riode .y.t~m I, , , round~d ,rid IUn pllfl~r and the .~c on d I, ,
calhod~ - foll owl!r to r Ih~ f~ ~d . b a c k . Th~ o.cmator e t re vn • a lIultl~r ci r -
cuit • la acti va t..J a t 11'1 .. a~rl ~a re .onanc~ o f th" c..,atal. wh ich I. 58 Mill
in 11'1 .. c a a. In qu ••llon . Thi. c llT lll! ha . Ih~ ad vanta'l! o t boPln. n otlc~abl)'
.tabil.. r Ihan traditional etrevne u.ln. an " Inducti ve" c ..,lJI a l .
Th~ anod~ r lrcull of Ih~ .~cand 1)'lt~m II tu n~d 10 thO' f lra t h.nnon lc
( 116 Mill I. Th e ,ulIm• .., tr..qu~nc)' ror Ii'll:' recet ve c on n M~ r II lak.. n
vi •• e e pac tto r- o r 2. 4 p lo' f rom t11~ .nod~ o r thl! 6 J 4 buff~r t uLo~ V 2 a nd
I, Ied to the ou tpul c on nec to r- I. Th e 1 16 Mll ;r . I,n.1 la p...~d 10' fUMh.. r
, roundO' d -lf rld ampU rlar . t. ,t' V :I comp rlaln, . .... c an d 6 J 4 a nd I. , ...d
10 th ....econd output conn..e te r 2 al • re vet o r " 00 m W for Ih e Iran amlt
mhter. T he o pt' rat in . vo ll . , .. U I, U 2, U :I . nd 11'1 .. h~aler Y olt'I~' .re
obt.ln..d rrom 11'1 .. c om m on power- aupply lIa~d for .U o f 11'1 ...lIb •••• ~m bll .. . .

• 55 •
 ", ............ ,..
~..:
_...
"1'
L.U'" OL ' GU

.-. "
'H
,
I"
.=-
:.::,:,

fr. .
-,
"

•
I
a. I..."' . . ....
" . \OOh. 00' "

Co ll da ta of the oacillato r . t a i e:
L I 8 turn . of 0.6 mm ( 23 AWG l . 1lv l"r - p h. l l"d c o ppe r wire wou nd
on a 6 m m former. Mount "'d euee r- on a c o r e - Ieaa for mer o r
IIl"l!-au pp ort lng.
L 2 and L 3 6 tu m. of 0.6 mm d la. (2 3 AWG ) I lI ve r - p la l e d c o ppe r- wire
wou n d on a 6 m m d la . forml" r. Mount l"d l"lt hl"r on a c orl".le. a
fo rmer o r ll"l!_IUppo rtlng . T h l" tap i. madl" 2 tu m . fro m th e
cold end,
L 01 5 tum a of 0 . 6 mm d la . ( 23 AWG) lI11ve r - p la tl"d c oppe r- wtre
wound on a 6 mm dla . Iorme r-. Mo unt e d eithe r on a c cre -te..
terme r o r le U-au ppa rt ln g. T he tap la ma dl" 1. 5 tu m a fro m t he
cold l"nd.
Ch Wldl"band c h o kl" com prl a lni a fl"rrlll be ad .
Th l" In divi dual circui t. ca n be a ll ifl e d w it h out dHtl cu lt y wit h t h e aid of a
irld -dl p m erer-,

1.2.2 . T il E TRANS MIT MIXER ( FIg. 3 l

'rhe 28 MH z SSB a lifla l b taken via a 3 p F c a pac ito r a t an amplitude of
app r oxima t t' ly I V f r om the c on t r ol g r id of th e Iran a c",l v",r P A at a i e a nd
l a ft'd vi a a c oadal cab le to c onnecto r 3 o f ui e tran a mlt mixe r. The al i -
na l t a then fl"d 10 th e c ontrol i r ld of the mlxt'r tu be V ol . an E C 8010 . Th...
oac Ulat o r frt'qIll"nc)' avallllbl l" at c on n e eter 01 II ndw fed v ia a 0.001 j,l. F
capac it or 10 thl" c a t hode o f th e mix er tu be , T he 144 MHz al gn a l II no w
a vaUabl l" III th .. a nod e o r the mixe r and II fe d t o the au ba l' qlll"nt irounded
irld ampllfll" r a tail" V 5 whe re It la Hnea rly ampHrll'd. Th.. 14 4 MHz al i -
na l ia n ow r..d al a pawl' r of app roxlma ll"ly 2 w 10 Ihl' ou t put c on necto r
5 and thu ll to thl' I1m- a r amplifie r V 6 .

- se -
 ec "e..

.. -
,. ..
... I

_-. .~..'
"-
~I

..
'n_. .
"'1 11'0(1
I ..

"- _. ~.
•• " .-1
.........
. ~

--
.1""
-~ ,...
I ~ ••

A t r-tm m er- c e pacno r- o£ 10 10 ~ O pF' I, to lit' fou nd a t ( h I' clllthod.. o f th O'

EC 8020 ( V !> ) whkh , . u. .. d to m at c h II 10 (h I" an od.. c irc u li o f ui e m !x l' r
V 4 . A by - pa •• ca pAci to r of 0 . 00 6" F I. coem ..c l.. d •• do ee· .a p o ••lbl ..
b.'t "' .' .. n th l' co ld .. nd of Inductanet' L I a nd .round. Tht· C'apaclton C I
a nd C 2 In thO' _nod.. clrcu la of m t...•.. V .. and tub<· V S arl' va.-lab ltl' ee -
J"Icltora wh ic h can bt· op.. ral..d from t he f r on t p an d o T h .. 0 lw rat inc vol -
tait'. U 4 , US and the heater- volta. III a r e obta lnl"d from th e com mon pow er
• upply I . .... F'I. 6 I.

Coil data fo r t h., I r an om it mb.... IIl11i"':

L 0 lI u on a nt ci rc uit fo r 28 Mil t
The tap I. mad.. 3 h ll'Tl lI from thO' rold ,' n d.
L I .. turn. of 1. 5 mm dta , ( 15 AWe I a l1vcr - plll h ' d cop!....r w itI!' wound
01'1 III 6. ~ mm d la . Iorme r-, al' U-aU PlKlrHnl . T hl' ta p la m a de I tum
f rom t ne co ld ..n d,
L 2 3 turn a of I .~ m m d la . I 1$ A we ) a llvl'r -plat rd copp .. r win' wuu n d
on a 10 m m dla. fo rme r , arU-auppo Mlni.
Th e la l' la madl' 0.$ tu r n. from th O' co ld ..nd,
Ch w td e ba nd c ho kt' t'om p rl. I"l1 • ft'r r ll .. bfoad.

1.2. 3. T il E I .IN~;AII I' OW J,; II AMI'L1 FIEH

Th t' 14 4 Mll z allna l l. It'd v ia a ahoM c oallla l c a ble to conn ec te r- 6 of the
!lnt'ar ampllrt"r l' ljU lp" .. d with the c o a xi a l teteode 4 X 150 A . T h" Ind ucl -
a nn'a o f thl• •ta l '" a rt' In tn e fo rm o r n ormal eoll. and the ala I " o rt .. r.
no ap O' c l.1 fe .tun' a . The ca thod e o f th e 4 X UO A h a a m ultlpl e eonn..c tlon • •
eac h o r whl eh I. con nec te d via a by . paa. c.pac lto r o r 4700 pF' and • r-e -
. I.to r o f 12 n 10 th e n.... r "'. t a:roo nd po int . T hll!' capac llo r d eal iJIal l'd C.
in FI ,. <4 I. Ih l' bu ilt In by_pa •• capac ito r In t hO' ap O'clal IlIbfo .oc k..t of
th .. <4 X UO A of a pp ro l':ima lely 2100 pf'. T hO' va r ia ble capacitor C 2 I.

- 51 -
 UII.. d for the tuning o f the anode circuit and c an be oper-et ..d from the
front pan.. !. A meter ill to be found in the cethod.. c i r c u it for the man i_
torlni o f th e cathode curre nt of th e tube. The m ..ter meaeur-ea the voltaie
ac ro llll the" pa r a ll e l re llilltorll R It , where by 600 m V c o r r e llpo nd to 20 0
rnA ca thode c u r r e nt .
The ner.tlv.. irid bl •• o f th .. linellr unplUle r V 6 i . obt.ln.. d f r om th ..
power .uppiy (.ee Fii. 6 I. The plate vo lt.ge of .. 6M V f rom the SSB
t eanecefver- i. pennane ntly fed to the anode of the " X l~O A , wh.. r .... th e
• c t-.... n i rid volt.ge I. only fed to the l inea r IU1l pllfle r durlni VHF ope ra-
tlon . Th o VHF out pu t IIlgtHol from the lin.... r unpltfler i. f...d vi. eonnecto r
7 to the antenn•. T he pow e r output I. 60 W wit h . pl.t ... vol t.g... of 600 V .

"
, •15,,'"A'-- "
DL g au

, u SIot.' IIN CI

" .. ..t "" t ...

_" '
l. n,-,> l

lfi. , c
Ih
.. r
-' J.
01.11'_.
_",, .-
.....
"''''eo
IW""', - _
,
_"'
".. ..".....
-
1 101 _ _
'n . \ODQ , . ,OD 1~

f lg ,4 : Cl r~ul t diagram af ttl t Unn ' am pl i f ier

Coil d atil and trimme r cepacttor-a for the IIn.... r- ampllfler . t a g...:
L 2 tu rn a of 1 m m dl •• ( 18 AWG I . Uve r - pl. t e d copper- wire "OI.l nd
on • 6 mm fo rm e r . aeU-IIu pponlng.
L 2 .. turn. of 2 mm dill. ( 12 AWG 1 . lI v.. r_plated copper- wire an II
12 mm fonn .. r , lIeU- aupponlng with cen tre tap .
L 3 I tu rn o f 2 mm dla, (12 AWG I .lIver_pl.t.. d copper wire w ou nd
on • 10 mm dia. fanner••elf-rrupponlng,
Ch Wldeband choke eomp rl.Lni • t e r-rue bead.
C Trimmer crrp.eitor 2 to 6 p l".
C 2 V.riable ellp.eitor 16 p l".
C 3 Trimmer c.pacltor 50 p l".

1. 2 , 4 . rue 2 METRE CONVERTE R ( F ir . 5a)

The c i rc u it dl.gram of the 2 metre convene r i. riven In 1"111. ~. /ItId the
ch • • • I• • r-r-angem ent In Fig, 5b. The convener I. equtpped with th r e e n u -

- 58 -
 v illo r lu be . 6 CW 4 . T h. 144 Ml h . llIlflal la fl'd via c on ne c to r- 10 10 thto
eaeccde . Ialll' com p r i.lni V 7 and V 8 . The a ux ilia ry Crequll'nc )' or 11 6 Mll z
la f.d v ia c on n ecto r- 6 from Ih e o a clllat or to the m lx .. r . tai ll V 9 wh e r-e
It I . m ind w ith Ih ll' 144 MH z input a lplll, Ihua r e aultln , in the 28 Mll z
a ' aliJ1al wh ic h la in turn fed via connec to r 9 to the 10 met r-e r ..ee tv.. r.

bllf'a can be ae.. n in

mllfln, r.
"'i,.
The connf'c tlona 10 t hf' coadal an t t"nna r elay an d to the o ther .ub · ...f'm ·
I. T he alliJI mf' nt i. car ried OU1 In th e no rmal

..
"r·""'@ LJI".e'<W '. :J' f'll.ii..'--®r""u=-,
Y7 _ .~ VI . II ~" , .C..... (

. . ._ , • 11":" ...
I I .
" ..
~--• O...~. ;cr. it-'" 1 • '~,
i,
:::.~II #"
J I}' • ,:J ,'. I " T : ::::::'" 11, ~
--I -i ..n1" '-'C"lr-:8' r
-
I
Yi n
, .. = Lr'
u - ~•.
r;
-'0
=.
1
" , ~ooo . , Dal"
, ,
. n_ . .- ..... -
O~ • GU - _ • ..i=...J

a"" 1 "'--- _...

I ...'" I
0" @
v.
ll atoCl . IDay

... 0- ••• I "1 1

Ou,.. ~i . \<r, C"cu,t dIG " rtf .....

.... ."
t"".tf ',..
-0 0"'"
'--
,. ~

6" eOU
O~ 10-(j'"
..- I ~ ., \b Cf>_ Gnu...,.......t
0-
-
., .... c_.. I ..

L 1 2. 5 tu ma o f 0. 6 m m dla. (23 AWG' allv.r·plated c op pe r

wi re wound on • 6 mm dla. te rm er, Se lf· .... i'!' onln'. T he
1.1' la ma d. 1 lu m from the cold end,
L 2 5 lurn a of 0. 6 mm d ill' . ( 23 AWG ) . Uver · plllt..d cop pe r-
wi n · wound on . 6 mm d Ill'. form er. Stolf·,u p ponln,.
L 2 5 lurn .; ot h.. rwl ..... L 1
L • 4 lum.; OIhe rw l, e •• L I
L h 2 lu m.; OIhe rwl,t" . , L I
Thill' coil la bUill up ••• c ontin u Il'tion o f L 4 and poa.e.af"
• com mon .xta with L 4.
L 5 and L 6 28 Mill IF l ran,formoer
Hrln i Ihto c ircuit. 10 r f'aon an c e a l 28 Mliz with th.. a Id or a
,rld ·dlp mf'lf'r, T hf' l a p of L 8 m uat bf' fou nd by npf' r lmf'n l .
C I, C 2, C 3 a nd C o i l 106 p Jo'l r lmmll'r c. pa c i!o ra
C 5 a nd C 6 t et mme r- capacllor. of app rox. 10 1'..·•
_ lSi •
 I. 2 .~. CO MMO N i'OW ER SU P I' L Y ( Fi r. 6 )
Th.. c i rcu li of Ih., pow,'r . up p ly I• •hown In F I, . 6 and d o.. . n ot c c>n l. ln
an y . ' I("c la l fe lllu n· • • T ht, vo llaic. rC" lulrcd fo r Ih .. va r lo u••ub· . . ...m lll h••
• r e obt a ln c·d vi . Ih .. c o r r e. pond lna voll .a" drc>pl>t"r r e e llltor• • The c ommon
pow c r .u pply Ul'lly p r o v idc·. t h e a r ld· bl a. vo llait' nnd th.. h..lIl.. r vo lt ll,j("
for IIw fin lll Ilm p ll fl .. r-, t h.· pl nh' a mi .c r .. ..n a r id v oltlla" . ar.. oblaln",d
f r om lh., IIho M wa ve u-s n ecet ve r ,

'''' "" -_.- o •

~~. u." .
;:-::::'
U

o
"LI
E3
,. " 'I ~, .~
I
I\~ f,~....- "/
v
•
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_______
...
·~ '-o
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I- ",..
r:=rH
:.... :"
I
... '. ---
1 ",to.
._-
--<=J- =-."~ -
T"

2. ME CHANI CAL ASSEM8LY OF TIlE 144 Mlh TRANSCEIVlm A IlA J' n: R

Th e mt·c·h.lll ic al buUd·up o r I h e eompl..le adapler c a n be 1I" ..n In Ih .. ph oto·
i r a llh F li . 7. Th.. dim"n lllon li o f I h e c om pl et e unll IIr .. 26 ~ mm wid e , J.I~
mm h 'lIh lind 16!> mm deep , Th e ollc lll a lo r poM lon will II.. .....n It. an
eltmllat.. d e h a m ll.. r on th.. I...n o f Iht' uni t wit h the dimen ll'"n. of 30 .. 3 0
x 16 ~ m m . ·1'h.. . u ll -c h a ..la o r t h... IrlLn llmlt mher la vl aibl .. al lh .. frt.>nl
o r lh .. . da l,le r a n d I h.. cha.. l. IlLy· oo t I. IIho wn In ~·I i . 8 . The e h...I. I.
m ad.. oul o f bn •• ph,I.. . ha . tht, dlmen .lon . 30 x !to .. 17!t mm a n d I. IIp li t
Inl O Ihr.... c ham ber• • Ca pa.c ltorll C I and C 2 in Ih e an od., ci rc uit. o f V"
and V !t are . dju.tabl.. f rom Ih.. f r <.>n l pan.. '. wh ich " al.o tru e o f th ..
an od e ca,>lIcllo r C 2 of th e li n..ar- a m pl Ul.. r tu lx- V 6 .

Th.. 2 m ..tre c onve Mer la loclll ..d d irectly beh ind Ih., Inonllm ll mh.. r
cha••I• • 'I will b.. notlc e d thai Ih .. nu v ilit or c onv.. M.. r I. extr..m .. ly . m a n
and i. buill _Up on an ..nc loaed chit.. , • • The dlmen alon . a nd the c ha••i.
lay·oul a r e s ho wn In . (o·l a· !lb. Th e ILn ..llr arnplLrI e r tu be I. en c lo a e d in a
e c r e e ne d compa r-tment 10 Iht' r li ht o f Ih .. c on ve Me r . wh er.. the" x I !tO A
ca n be c1e llrly . e e n wll h It . c eramic c hi m n ey . Th.. anod e ci rc u it I. c on -
ne cled t o t h e anode rad lal or wit h the aid of a met al clamp. T h e ar id e r r -
cull o r th.. linear ampUn.. r III t o b.. found undernell ih Ihe m a in c h a ..l . a nd
II Ic rt· . n.. d with II metal ca p wh ich I. o pto n In Ih . dln- cllon o f the fan. A
radial fan t. u lle d to cool th .... l( UO A and c an be ee ..n a l th.. r e a r of th e
Ilnear a m p l lfl .. r c o m pe rtm ..nr , Th.. varlou . lIu b. aa. t'm b li e a a r .. Inl. rc on ·
n..c l..d with ~ 2 n (,CHl xl a l c a b lt' • •

• 60 •
 ........ .
..·'"".,_
~

.r' .
~.. .'~ ,
."". /

-I -~~
L
1-_ .._ _ ...:..._
-+--
I
. ..
-"-
....
I
.- ---- I

~ I, I ' DIetr- ., ....

_ .._
~I' ......' _H'.
..... _ t _ _ ....
_"""~I "''", n . • ~" V\
1"- ' ...
- 61 _
 AWG mm AWG mm AWG mm

40 0.08 ,. 0.51 12 2.05

38 O. 10 23 0.57 II 2.31
36 0. 13 23 0.6 4 10 2.59
34
32
0. 16
0.20
21
20
0.72
0.81
•
8
2.9 1
3.26
0.9 1
31
30
29
0 .23
0. 25
0 ,29
"
18
17
1, 02
1,1 5
7
•e
3 .67
4. 12
4 , 62

,•
28
27
28
0 . 32
0.36
0 .40 ."
16 I. 29
1. 45
1,63 2
5.19
5,83
6.5 4

_
23 0.45 13 1, 83 1 7.35

...._. - --
'-"--
---- --'''.- -.-
•- --
7' · '
r--
- -''hf'-.
~ e. f
.....
II 1d:in!.t -e -
7,.5 _ '1

_ ~ ~ . _,J
, '-"
- @ - 4 '
_UI I
,""" d•• . 7 """
I_ _ ~ $ 1-
I .. "II
!.. ••

Cera mic s ub-micr o dllu:: trlmme ra

a8 UIIl'd In DL 6 SW 2 metre conve r ter

judd-h-I @
Ceramtc tubular tri mme rs aI u8t'd
in DL 3 WR 24 em con ver te r

.'
•
,I ,I
! ~ :.
~.~ .,

Coli ror mer e Sc ree ning ca ns Ai r s paced trl mmen

all USE'd In as us ed In t he IF aI used I n DL 9 JU
DL 6 SW prt·.ampIiHer of 144 MHz/4 32 MHz
2 met r e ec nve r te r t he DL 3 WR t ranev .
24 em conve r te r

VHF COMMUNICATIONS

- 112 •
 UKW · B ER I C H T E

,,
kVHF
,• COMMUN I CA TION S
~
• 5
-
• •
.; •

• .. ,.;
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-" -
 P R I C E L I S T or Equ lpment deac r tbe d In 1+2/1 969 or VIIF Comm unl cali ons

(OM 4, - - . US$ 1. 00 / OM 9, 40 . t.. l)

p osta ge tnctcded but exctuetve or c us toms duty

PRINTED CmCUIT BOARDS ( G1 a88~ ('poxy , . lI v (' r~ p la t ed conduc to u):

p has e -I oc ked osc il la tor OJ 7 ZV 00 1 a nd OJ 7 ZV 002 OM 11, --
2 me t re F ET conve r te r OL 6 s w 004 OM 5, --
70 c m co nve r te r OL 9 GU 00 1 OM 6, - -
24 c m c onve r te r . IF pr ea mp , DL 3 WR 00 1 DM 2, --

COIL FOllMER S ETS for t he a hov(' men t t cnrd P C- boa rds ;

Incl ud ing cor e but unwound :
P bne e -Ioc ked osc illa to r OJ 7 ZV 00 1 a nd OJ 7 ZV 002 OM 3,20
2 me tre r ET conve r te r DL 6 SW 004 OM 1,70
70 cm c onve r te r OL 9 GU 001 OM ~, 70

CERAMIC DISC TR IMMERS lor t he above menti oned P C- boards :

2 me t re r ET c onverte r DL 6 s w 004 OM 3,50
70 cm c onve r te r OL 9 GU 00 1 OM 1,40

1, 3 mnl Ola ml't l'r S P EC IAL DRILL for P C ~ b oards OM 3,--

This specta l d r ill ha s ber-n spt'cia lly de vr- l oped for epoxy PC-boards . It will be
s uppll rd {n'l' - of -ch argt' on order-a amountl nll: to mcr e tha n OM 30, . ~,

MET AL CASING for th e OL 9 GU 70 cm Convr r tl'r OM 65 ,--

Suppllrd co rnptete wit h thr r-e Ied d -through capac it ors, thrl'p trlrn mer-s a nd c ove r ,
All met a l pa r ts have been st tve r- pla ted and tho Inne r co nducto rs s olde red to th e
re tmme r a.
The samf' meta! ca s ing but c om plete with PC- board OL 9 GU 00 1,
coli Ior me r a and trim me r e OM 72, · ·

CASING for thp OL 3 WR 24 c m Convp r tp r

Parti ti ons , i nner co nductors and trlmmpu tns taned.
SlIvPr pla ted. Pr-Ice on r equeet

OL 6 SW 2 M('trl' r ET Convl' r t(' r Kit

Co mpr is ing P C ~ b o:.l r d DL 6 SW 004, c oli tor mer set as ab ove ,
tr lmmf'rs, tran sist or s a nd qua r tz c rys ta l OM 42, 60
RADIO COMMUNICAT ION HANDBOOK (Includ ing postage ) OM 36, ~~

All ordl' rB mus t be prepa id by c hl"lluP (c hl'c k) or m oney or de r made pa yable to tn e

ba nk account of th e nationa l r e pres eru at tve, or t o the publlshpu
UKW· 8ERIC IITE, Ha ns J , Dohlus, OJ 3 QC
0 -8520 ER LANGE N, Otetw nee r su-. 45
W , Ge r-many
Bankaccount : Deutsche Ban k, [rlan gen , No, 476 325
Pcsts cn ec k: Nl.I r nbe rg 30 455

- 64 •
C ONTENTS, v olume 2 February 1970 Edl t fnn 1

a La" te, OL. MAo POll" 1_0

[ fle iD . OJ e rt "-0.. '2- 20
o [ Sdlmttze•. OJ • BO POll" 21--201
G O......., OI,4 :l WO
P8lIN 25-27
e """-.O£IITI-I
POll" 2ll-3O
H MII ....:t>el<. OJ 3 MV
H Oon ,ng , OL 3 IlCW
H U &el". 0' I' 1(1'1
H Qotll"ll .
.""
o
OL 3 IlCW

5c1om,tz, c. OJ 4 80
....P89., "
PagN 31-31

POll"
:JI--4O

. ,_
E, ... T" " , ,,tg"'ld C,hbret,on·Speoctrum 0 10' to. fWD M el...
o O'o u "' e"" , OJ 4 AX
[ R.'lI , OJ a JT
S ' mpll , CO"' ~CI PA, Stl g.. fa. Two Mi l
A.. IF D lpl .... (2&-30 M H1)
PI" • POll. ' 45-&
P8lI.' "11-&1
o [ Sdlm,tll ' , OJ 4 eo Cu eodoo IF S , ~ .. Pag .. 5&-6ll

v olume 2 Ma y 1970 Edition 2

A SSe·T.....e•• v., W,lll 5,Iocon f""II,'0' Cample"'."'l

H .J f ,.n ~.,

R L. "tr, DL 3 WR
OK 1 PN
P•• , 2 Thl 9 MHI T""4C'.ve.
5 t,bl, R
/4. Un'''
nc. VOI18ll".
1 VHf·U Hf f ••nt m,lla. 10' AM tr>ct I'M
• ,...
•• -~ 11-102
..
r
o
WG'' 'll,n ne c. OJ I> ZZ
E Sc~ m 'l r.', OJ 4 eo
fETo ,n Ih. 2&'1'" MH. T..nt"• •la. OJ 6 ZZ OIll
A O'o, t.1 D,tcrom,nalo' Acce n o ry !o. ' M O.modul.',on
•• 1~104

Ilb-II0
o a ' OUme M , 0 14 R)(
M ·J r••n~., O K 1 PN
5, mpl•. Comp.c, PA 5 '''0'' 1o. Two M. ,. n , P"1 II
Ch•• p V,.,c lo. 0,,,.. 1o. lh, 10 cm r..n.m,na.
• 111_ 122

u""o ,n [C lIInO Tube • '"

a 8t'........' , Dl 2 VN COHlKl,on, 10 ' ''' II MH. IF-AI' Modul. 01 II ZR llll5
fIa"",k••nd A......'I'.'ng. of Iha Pub!>.ha.
•• 124-126

'"
Vo lume 2 August 1970 Ed iti on 3
A SS e· T..... ~ '"., w"h S'heon f •• nll"O. Com pl.ment
P. " 3 II MH./I. MH, T..nlm " .Rac. 'n CO""I". ' .
I. MH, /loM MH, f •• nl m" Con" .no•. VFQ . nd Low-P. .. F,it•• P, g•• , n-1411
o E Sell''''',., OJ 4 eo [ .pe"m a n,. w,th , Cry. ,,1 D,. crom,n. 'o' P.O'" '. 7_1 !l2
R [ Lenll DL 3 WR A Un,,,. ... 1 VHF-UHF T..n.m,n.. 1o. AM ,nd I'M
S.cond, concl ud ,nll P." P.g• • ' ~' tle
10 cm _ n cm SI"p"'" V• •oe,o . tr ,pl• • P.~. ' 80-16&
Coa .,.1 Low·P... F,Il.., lor VHF .r>ct UHF P.g.. 166-118
[ loel fOn,C."y SI. b,h, " " - ' Supply w"h DC· DC e-a".. P. ltG' , ...... 11116
A S. mpl. Rot.ry Coa .,.I-C p" "lI P' G" ''''''11
Mod " ,c. l ,on. lor lhe S· nd Con"ol
VOII.~ C''Cu'" ,n I' " II MH. Po",on of
'''' DL 1 HA f IG_ t".,

Vo lum e 2 Nove mber 1970 Edition 4

o Llul, OL 6 MAo A SSB f,.nlC.'''.' w,' h 5,Iocon T" n" Ol O' COmpl.m.nl
P.'I 4 Pow•• Supply .nd AF Amr."".'
H K,hl." OL J VI( PC-boa.d 1o. ' h. IWO Cry".1 OIcll 0l0" O. 11'1 . 10M MHI -
14 loll'll MOSFn Con"."., u..d ,n , h. OL 1 H'" SS B
f •• nac.'"•• P.g., 201-204
S~nlh ••'. VFO 1o. 2. 1041'1 . P.O. 208
A S.mpl. n MH. _ VFO '0' FM f " n. m'll. " P.O.' 2C6-:lOe
o [ 5th"""." OJ • 8G S...p·,k,n" ...",,,. Aud'o F'It••, P.g••
Pog.,
2'~211
217-224
o [ $cll"','n., OJ • eo Spaad'! P'O<;."'''lI
K [,eI'lll DC II HV
It [,t;fIll OC MV e
S,rop.to". T.,...".n•• 'or
70 em
A S,mp'. VHF·UHF C.lob ••"on SjlG'Cl'um 0 ......10.
P.lI"~
P,O" 240-243
o [ Sct>", '' '' 0'. eo N.u,.",.."on o! ,... OL 3 XWIOJ • 80 C,lobr.100n -
SjlG'Cl'um 0. ' 0. P.~ .....
Two Coreu'l' 1o ulo.....,'e B,nd Sc.nn,"O
P,,, \ A S,mpl. e.nd Sc.n.... P,o" 24'>-248
 CRYSTAl FILTERS • FIlTER CRYSTALS • OSCILLAIOR CRYSTALS
SYNONYMOUS for QUALITY and ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
PRECISION QUARIZ CRYSIALS. ULTRASONIC CRYSTAlS.
PIEZO·ElECIRIC PRESSURE IRANSOUCERS
v
Listed il our well -known aerle8 of

9 MHz crystal filters

for 88B, AM, FM
and CW applications .

In order to simplify melch lng . the

Input and output of the f,ltef' cern-
pri se tuned different ial tr anafor -
mer, wIth galvanic connection to
the Ciling.

f ilter Type XF-9E XF-9M

Apphcet ,on AM FM cw
Numb e r 01 Flltl' Crys tals
Bandwidth (&dB do wn)
5
2S kHz
8
2 " kHz
8
3 7SkHz
8
5 0 kHz
8
12.0 kHz
•
OS kHz
P...ba nd Ripple c r ee < 2 dB < 2 dB < 2 dB < 2 dB < 1 dB
Inurtlon Lo.. < 3 ee < 35 dB < 3 S dB < 35 dB < 3 dB < 5 dB
Inp ut-Outp ut Z, 500 ~ soc l.! 500 e 500 l.! 1200 l.! 500 !.!
Ter minat ion c, ~~ ~ ~ ~ pF ~p F ~ pF JO pF
(6 SOdS) 1 ~(660d B) 18 ,6 60 dB) 1 8 (~ SOdS) I ~660d B ) 1 (6 40dB)2 5
S hllPI Facto . 1 1
(6.80dB) 2 2 (6 8OdB)22'{6 8OdB)2 2 (6eo dB) 2 (6 SOdS)4 4
Ultimate Att enuati on > 45 ee > 100 ae > 100 dB > 100 ee > 90 ae > 90 dB

KRISTALLVERARBEITUNG NECKARBISCHOFSHEIM GMBH

o 692 4 Nechrb i.dlol .heim . Po .tfKh 1