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Research is a quest for an answer to a question.
Knowing the answer to a question requires a scienti9c
method and not merely asking from various persons or
merely observing several situations that may out-rightly
provide haphazard answers to posed questions.
Systematic process of collecting and analyzing
information in order to increase our understanding of the
phenomenon about which we are concerned or
interested.
Is a careful, systematic study and investigation in some
9elds of knowledge undertaken to discover or establish
facts or principles.
 The scienti9c method of doing a research may be briePy
stated in these steps:

Step 1. Identify the problem

A research originates from a problem, an unanswered
question or an unsolved problem. An inquisitive person
sparks the conduct of knowing why things go wrong or
unusual that in some ways those may affect human life.

Step 2. Limit the problem

The problem may be very broad. Try to focus, know the
scope, established boundaries, set the breadth or make a
demarcation line so that you will know what are included and
what are excluded. This will ultimately make your study
manageable or speci9c.

Step 3. Formulate Hypothesis

Hypothesis is a brilliant conjecture or a tentative solution to a
problem. It is testable statement of a resolution to a veri9able
question. Some studies use the term assumption to mean
the expected outcome of an investigation or inquiry.

Step 4. Collect Data

Implausible statements shall be supported by factual, unbias,
truthful, and convincing evidences gathered through the
execution of a carefully devised plan. The preponderance of
needed information will make a genuine research.

Step 5. Interpret Data and Make a Conclusion

Extract meanings from tabulated, collated, sifted or
organized data. Data will be meaningless if you will not
deduce meanings or generalizations from them. Statistical
tools may aid you in measuring the signi9cance of one factor
to another. The researcher may evaluate, accept, reject,
decide or conclude based on the data gathered.

Pure versus Applied Research

 Pure or basic research is a study oriented towards the
development of a theory. It aims to provide knowledge or
understanding.
Applied research is an investigation that enriches a
solution to a practical problem. It seeks to improve
human condition by providing knowledge that can be
used for practicalapplication.

Qualitative versus Quantitative Research

Qualitative Research is undertaken to answer questions

about the plethora of phenomena primarily aimed at
giving attributes and understanding of nature based on
the observer’s view point. It also inquires on context and
meaning, embarks on content analysis observation.
Quantitative Research is conducted to 9nd answers to
questions about relationships among measurable
variables with purpose of explaining, controlling, and
predicting phenomena. It is knowing the outcome stated
in numerical data.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE
RESEARCHES
FEATURE QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE

Purpose To explain and To describe

predict and explain
To con9rm and To explore
validate and interpret
To test theory To build
theory
HOME NURSING NOTES + PRACTICE EXAMS + MNEMONICS ARTICLES

CARE PLANS TOOLS & APPS BULLETS

Process Focused Holistic
HOME Known+
NURSING NOTES PRACTICE Unknown
EXAMS + MNEMONICS ARTICLES
variables variables
CARE PLANS TOOLS & APPS
Established BULLETS Flexible
guidelines guidelines
Static design Emergent
Context-free design
Detached view Context-
bound
Personal view

Data Representative Informative,

Collection Large sample small sample
Standardized Observations,
instruments interviews

Data Deductive Inductive

Analysis analysis analysis

Report of Numbers Words

Bndings Statistics, Narratives
aggregated Individual
data quotes
Formal voice, Personal
scienti9c style. voice
Library style.

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