Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.0 Introduction 2
1.1 Focus of study 3
1.2 Purpose of study 4
3.0 Methodology 8
6.0 References 21
7.0 Appendix 24
1
1.0 Introduction
There are two zones in the core zone of Malacca, which is categorized
into two different zones: St. Paul’s Hill Civil Zone & The Historic Residential
and Commercial Zone. St. Paul’s Hill Civil Zone consist of several
government buildings, churches, urban square museums and the original
fortress town that is preserved since the 16th century by the Portuguese and
Dutch; the Historic Residential and Commercial zone consist up to 600 shop
houses, resident and commercial buildings and religious buildings and tombs
on four main street that is Jalan Hang Hebat (Jonker Street), Jalan Tan
Cheng Lock (Heeren Street), Jalan Tokong and Jalan Kapung Pantai (State
of Melaka, ending). In 2008, UNESCO awarded World Heritage Site to
Malacca for its recognition of its historical preservation (Citrinot, 2012).
Boutiques hotels, which are under the UNESCO world heritage areas
are as followed, Jonker Boutique hotel, Puri heritage boutique hotel,
Courtyard @ Hereen Boutique hotel and many more. In 2013, Malacca had
13.5 million foreign tourists. In 2014, Malacca has taken an action to increase
its accommodation capacity from 7,500 rooms to more so that they can fulfill
the large amount of tourists visiting every year (Haron, 2014).
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1.1 Focus of Study
This study will be related to the hospitality industry, more towards the
end of boutique hotels scattered around the streets in and around Jonker
Street, Malacca. During 2008, Malacca has been given the title of UNESCO
world heritage area, due to Malacca having many historical areas or sites
such as A Famosa, Christ Church and Cheng Hoon Teng. This has spurred
the number of tourist that visit Malacca annually, and as mentioned in the
introduction, Malacca has received at least 13.5 million foreign tourists
(Citrinot, 2012 & Haron, 2014). This in hand have allowed Malacca grow in
the tourism and hospitality industry, not only that but the boutique hotel
industry is seen to grow in size and numbers too (HM Government, 2007).
This study will also contribute to the boutique hotel industry as there
are not many areas of study about it (Ding, 2002).
3
1.2 Purpose of Study
Aim:
This study is to understand the tourist perception of boutique hotels in
Malacca.
The objectives are:
To determine the attributes that is influencing tourist’s decision to stay
in boutique hotels in Malacca
To measure guests satisfaction towards the attributes of boutique
hotels in Malacca.
4
2.2. Factors influencing tourist’s selection stay in Boutique Hotels,
Malacca
2.2.1. Price of Boutique Hotels in Malacca
The factor that may affect the reason why tourist would stay in the
boutique hotels in Malacca is the price. According to Appendix 1, the price
range starts from the RM 118.00 being the lowest rate, to RM 1,000.00 being
the highest rate. This is due to the boutique hotels having unique features.
For example, Courtyard @ Heeran have the highest price range from
RM200.00 to RM800.00 due to the fact that Courtyard @ Heeran have a
more aesthetic appeal towards their guest, for example their interior design
for the lobby, compared to other boutique hotels (Swiss Heritage) as shown
in appendix 2.1 and 2.2. Plus their boutique hotel provides more facilities and
services compared to the other boutique hotels in the list stated.
5
2.3. Guests’ satisfaction
Satisfaction only happens when guest expectations or perception is
met or surpassed with many various factors. But this boils down to each
unique individual of their guest perception. Hoteliers can only influence guest
to feel satisfaction by providing a wide coverage of tangible and intangible
products (Yeo, Wee, Goh, Lam, Tan & Tan, 2012).
For example, the first factor would be the staff behaviour. This aspect
is closely related to how attentive and friendly the staffs are towards their
guests. Some boutique hotels enforce personalized service by addressing
their guest by their names, instead of using ‘sir’ or ‘ma’am’. This is the factor
that must be taken seriously by hoteliers, as many hotel businesses have
been destroyed just by this simple operation section due to the negative
attitude shown by employees to in-house guests. Moreover, when guest
satisfaction are low, employees don’t feel motivated and have the morale to
carry out work, thus work performance drops (Yeo, Goh, Lam, Tan & Tan,
2012, Khosravi, Malek & Ekiz, 2014).
The next factor will be the location of boutique hotel. This plays a
crucial role in providing satisfaction to guest as the surrounding of the
boutique hotel will affect the guest experience. Location also enhances the
value of the boutique hotel as it may provide convenience to their guest or it
may be near tourist attraction sites. For example, boutique hotels near
heritage sites may not only allow their guest to have a ‘visiting’ experience to
the heritage sites, but rather have a ‘living’ experience at the heritage site
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(Henderson, 2011 & McKenney, 2014). To relate, the Malacca Heritage City’s
Chinatown, Jonker Street, it is also the main tourist district of Malacca is just
right at Jonker Boutique Hotel’s doorstep (Jonker Boutique Hotel, 2016).
7
3.0 Methodology
The various data was collected in Malacca on the 28th and 29th of
May 2016. To accomplish this study’s objective, we have used the
quantitative research method as means of analyzing in general with the
primary data collection of questionnaires, and secondary data collection of
journals. Questionnaires are used for this study for data collection because
they are easier to evaluate when data is compiled. 40 questionnaires were
distributed to tourists in Hereen and Jonker Street, as there are many
boutique hotels in the area.
Part A: Demographics
This part refers to the demographics of the tourists staying in the
boutique hotel. There are five factors that are included in this part as they are
related to personal characteristics relating to demographics. Close-ended
questions (multiple choice questions) are used, as it will be easier to segment
the respondents to different categories or groups to the demographic. The
questions that we had put in this section are about: Gender, Age, Annual
Income, Employment Status and Nationality. We analyzed this part by using
the frequency distribution (%), and it is presented in a table format.
8
The analysis for Part B is frequency distribution for Question 6 and 7,
and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) for Question 8 (StarSoft Inc,
2016)
The limitation that was faced during this study is the number of
respondents that is small. This then affects our study, as it is not
representative. Out of the 40 questionnaires that we have given out, only 33
of them are valid and 7 are not due to the missing data.
9
4.0 Findings
Based on the tabulated data on bar charts, we are able to see the results
very easily and clearly.
Employed 14 43%
Self-Employed 1 3%
Retired 2 6%
Others 2 6%
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4.2 Findings of Respondents Staying in Boutique Hotels at
Malacca
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20% 15%
10% 6%
3%
0%
1 2 3 4
11
Graph 2- Who are the Respondents Staying With?
50% 46%
45%
40%
No. of Respondents
35% 33%
30%
25%
20%
15% 12%
9%
10%
5%
0%
Alone Colleague Family Friends
Factors
Graph 2: The respondents that had stayed in Boutique Hotels in Malacca are
with Friends, followed by Family, Colleague and Alone – 15, 11, 4 and 3
respondents respectively.
35% 33%
30%
25%
20%
15%
15%
10% 6%
5%
0%
100 and below 101 - 200 201 - 300 300 and above
Price (Ringgit Malaysia)
Graph 3: The highest chosen room rates that the respondents chose was
from the range of RM101-200, and the lowest chosen room rates was RM300
and above.
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Graph 4- Factors Influencing Choice of Stay in Boutique Hotels,
Malacca
25 64%
No. of Respondants
20 52% 52%
15
27%
10
5 9%
3%
0
Factors
Graph 4: Respondents are able to choose more than one choice for this their
choice of accommodation. Location has been chosen the most at 21
respondents, and for the Price and Unique Features are chosen as the
second highest choice of accommodation at 17 respondents, and the lowest
choice of accommodation was the Size at 3 respondents.
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Table 2: Satisfaction of Guests towards Attributes of Boutique Hotel (Mean)
Attributes Mean
Architecture and design
Furnishing 4.0
Interior design 4.2
Unique exterior architecture 4.3
Staff
Attentiveness 4.1
Friendliness 4.2
Personalised service 3.8
Location
Accessibility to attractions 4.4
Accessibility to town 4.5
Near to heritage sites 4.5
Facilities
Food and beverage 3.5
Tour service 3.2
High tech facilities in room 3.6
Table 2: The highest attributes of boutique hotel were 4.5 out of 5.0 for
accessibility to town and near to heritage sites. While, for the lowest attributes
of boutique hotel were tour service by only 3.2 out of 5.0.
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4.3 Analysis of Findings
Based on the finding that we have got from the 33 respondents, the
majority of the respondents are females; 21 out of 33 respondents. Most
of the female respondents are found to be travelling with their friends and
family. On the other hand, the male respondents are mostly found travelling
with their spouse or with their girlfriend.
As for age, the majority of the age group goes to the age of 21 – 30
(14 respondents), following by the age of 18 – 20 (11 respondents).
These two age of groups are also known as the millennial; In general,
millennial are the generation that is known to be better educated, more
numerous, affluent, ethnically diverse and also (Howe & Strauss, 2000).
According to a study, the millennial are also generation that is willing to
engage a destination’s art and cultural assets. With that, this group of people
find that authenticity in experience is highly important (Hargrove, 2014).
Hence, this support is consistent that boutique hotels focused in unique
design and lifestyle that will influence this group of people, the millennial to
stay in. Following by ages of 51 and above; 6 respondents. For the age of 41
to 40 and 41 to 50 have only one 1 respondent respectively.
15
Understanding that the majority of respondents have only stayed in the
BH in Malacca only once, we feel that the first impression of BH in Malacca is
very important for return visit. This is reason because the market of BH is still
small, underdeveloped and not matured yet (Aggett, 2007: Arifin, Jamal, Aziz,
Ismail, 2015). If the first impression is good, most likely there will be several
contributing factors that will encourage tourist to choose to stay in BH in
Malacca such as Word of Mouth or positive comments online.
The majority of room rate that respondents have stayed in age from 11
(33%) respondents, for room rates from RM201 to RM300. The second in
ranking is RM101 to RM200; 5 (15%) respondents11. There are 5 (15%)
respondents who get to accommodate rooms ranging from RM100 and
below. Lastly, only 2 (6%) respondents accommodated in room that is rated
RM300 and above.
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for convenience only, but should also be determined by the location’s trend
and chicness. We found out that the location in Hereen Street and Jonker
Street is not only convenient during day and night, but also trendy as the BH
there are mostly in pre-war houses, and also a hot tourist spot for food and
shopping.
We are also able to see the least reason for choice of accommodation
is the size (3 respondents) and others (1 respondent) – unique name.
Despite the fact that boutique hotel’s feature is deemed small, there wasn’t
many people that chose the size factor as a reason for choice of
accommodation.
The least satisfactory attributes are the tour service at the mean of 3.2.
This is most probably due to the lack of emphasis on the tour in Malacca to
their guest. As the BH is located close to the heritage sites, it is
understandable that the BH do not put importance in the tour service as it is
also a cost factor.
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To sum up the satisfaction on attributes of the BH that the respondents
have stayed in, 67% (22) of the respondents are satisfied with the attributes
provided. 33% (11) respondents in the other hand are very satisfied with the
provided attributes. This is a very positive and motivating result as 76% of the
respondents have only stayed in BH in Malacca for the first time and the
result is able to prove that that the BH in Malacca is on the right track of
growth and maturity
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5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation
Hence, CARTEL not only able to make profits, but it enables the locals
to maintain or preserve their culture. For example Boutique and Lifestyle
Lodging Association (BLLA), where their main focuses is to unite the boutique
and lifestyle hotels at the international platform. Thus, this would then help
market the industry. By adapting the idea of BLLA, BH in Malacca, Malaysia
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may not only be able to maintain or preserve their culture, but also be able to
raise awareness of this small-scaled and unripe industry.
Overall, satisfaction from the respondents is high, but there can still be
improvement made on the facilities in BH in Malacca as it has the lowest
satisfaction among the collected data. Hence, as a recommendation, BH in
Malacca should put more effort on their facilities. This enables the BH to
boost up the tourists’ satisfaction, like to provide breakfast according to their
theme. Nevertheless, BH in Malacca can also improve the high technology
facilities in their rooms and also lobby to satisfy the needs of different guest.
For example, some guest might consider their room with high definition
television and also hair dryer for females. To step up to a higher level,
boutique hotels in Malacca can consider using key card access for safety
purposes.
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6.0 References
Arifin, A.S, Jamal, S.A, Aziz, A.A & Ismail, S.S, (2015) ‘Literature Review’
Theory and Practice in Hospitality and Tourism Research. 2nd edition.
Netherland: CRC Press. p40
Hargrove, C. (2014) ‘The Cultural Tourist: Who They Are, What They Do, and
Why They Are Important’, National Cultural Districts Exchange: Attracting
Visitors and Their Spending. US: Americans of the Arts. pp 4
21
HM Government (2007) ‘Why should we measure customer satisfaction and
who should be involved?’ How to measure customer satisfaction.
http://www.ccas.min-financas.pt [accessed on 29th April 2016].
Howe, N. & Strauss, W. (2000) Millennials Rising. New York: Vintage Books.
https://books.google.com.my/ [accessed 27th June 2016].
State of Melaka (ending) Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca: The Historic
City of Melaka. Malaysia: Melaka Historical City Council (MBMB).
Yeo S. F., Wee S., Goh M. L., Lam J., Tan S. H. & Tan A. C. (2012)
‘Customer Satisfaction Towards Service Quality in the Hotel Industry in
Melaka’ In: Zainal A., Mohd Radzi S., Hashim R., Chik C.T., Abu R. (2012)
22
‘Current Issues in Hospitality and Tourism Research and Innovations’
Netherlands: CRC Press. pp. 81-85.
Zainal A., Mohd Radzi S., Hashim R., Chik C.T. & Abu R. (2012) ‘Boutique
Hotel Business: A Survey on Tourist Preference to Stay at Boutique Hotels in
Georgetown, Penang’; ‘Current Issues in Hospitality and Tourism Research
and Innovations’ Netherlands: CRC Press. p 121 - 123
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7.0 Appendix
24
Appendix 2.1 Lobby design of Swiss Heritage (Trip Advisor, 2016)
25
Appendix 2.3: Boutique Hotels around Jonker Street
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Appendix 3: Facilities & Services of the Boutique Hotels in Malacca.
smart phone
docking with
Mini Fridge
Hair Dryer
Television
Computer
Bluetooth
Elevator
Jacuzzi
Hotel Name
CCTV
WIFI
Courtyard
/ / / / / /
@ Heeren1
Swiss
/ / / /
Heritage2
Ginger
/ /
Flower3
Jonker
Boutique / / / / /
Hotel4
Hotel Puri5 / / /
6
Aldy Hotel / / / /
27