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Table of Content

No. Title Page.

1.0 Introduction 2
1.1 Focus of study 3
1.2 Purpose of study 4

2.0 Literature Review


2.1 Boutique Hotels
2.2 Factors influencing tourist’s selection stay in
Boutique Hotels, Malacca 5
2.2.1 Price of Boutique Hotels in Malacca
2.2.2 Facilities and Services
2.2.3 Unique Features of Boutique Hotels in Malacca
2.2.4 Facilities and Services of Boutique Hotels in
Malacca
2.3 Guests’ satisfaction 6

3.0 Methodology 8

4.0 Findings (results and analysis) 10


4.1 Demographic Findings (Part A)
4.2 Finding of respondents staying in Boutique 11
Hotel at Malacca
4.3 Analysis of Findings 15

5.0 Conclusion and Recommendations 19

6.0 References 21

7.0 Appendix 24

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1.0 Introduction

Malacca, one of the oldest settlements in Malaysia (Goh, 2014) is


located at the west of Malaysia. Malacca is 147 kilometer from Kuala Lumpur
(MelakaNet, 2016), and it is a famous tourist destination of Malaysia
(MelakaStateGovernment, 2016).

Malacca is one of the cities that consist of a lengthy history as it was


once under the ruler of Portuguese in 1511 and British from 1826 to 1946.
Although British did successfully conquered Malacca, but the Portuguese’s
basic urban morphology still preserved (Goh, 2014).

There are two zones in the core zone of Malacca, which is categorized
into two different zones: St. Paul’s Hill Civil Zone & The Historic Residential
and Commercial Zone. St. Paul’s Hill Civil Zone consist of several
government buildings, churches, urban square museums and the original
fortress town that is preserved since the 16th century by the Portuguese and
Dutch; the Historic Residential and Commercial zone consist up to 600 shop
houses, resident and commercial buildings and religious buildings and tombs
on four main street that is Jalan Hang Hebat (Jonker Street), Jalan Tan
Cheng Lock (Heeren Street), Jalan Tokong and Jalan Kapung Pantai (State
of Melaka, ending). In 2008, UNESCO awarded World Heritage Site to
Malacca for its recognition of its historical preservation (Citrinot, 2012).

Boutiques hotels, which are under the UNESCO world heritage areas
are as followed, Jonker Boutique hotel, Puri heritage boutique hotel,
Courtyard @ Hereen Boutique hotel and many more. In 2013, Malacca had
13.5 million foreign tourists. In 2014, Malacca has taken an action to increase
its accommodation capacity from 7,500 rooms to more so that they can fulfill
the large amount of tourists visiting every year (Haron, 2014).

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1.1 Focus of Study
This study will be related to the hospitality industry, more towards the
end of boutique hotels scattered around the streets in and around Jonker
Street, Malacca. During 2008, Malacca has been given the title of UNESCO
world heritage area, due to Malacca having many historical areas or sites
such as A Famosa, Christ Church and Cheng Hoon Teng. This has spurred
the number of tourist that visit Malacca annually, and as mentioned in the
introduction, Malacca has received at least 13.5 million foreign tourists
(Citrinot, 2012 & Haron, 2014). This in hand have allowed Malacca grow in
the tourism and hospitality industry, not only that but the boutique hotel
industry is seen to grow in size and numbers too (HM Government, 2007).

However, boutique hotels in Malaysia by nature are rather small, new


and underdeveloped sector in the Malaysian market. Usually being small-
scaled or even family-owned, boutique hotels are known to be less
competitive in such aspects like capital or other type of resources in
comparison with other up-scaled accommodation provider (Zainal, Mohd
Radzi, Hashim, Chik, Abu, 2012).

But this doesn’t mean that boutique hotels can’t be competitive. By


carrying out this study, business owners (stakeholders) may be able to
identify the potential strengths and weaknesses that may arise in this
industry. Other than that, this study will present the motives and types of
tourist that often associate themselves with boutique hotels in Malacca.
Furthermore, by studying what satisfies tourists during their stay in boutique
hotels in Malacca maybe able to show to stakeholders on what areas maybe
improved to further enhance the boutique hotel industry in Malacca as a
whole. All of this will boil down to understand what can be carried out to
attract more tourists to stay with them in the long run (HM Government,
2007).

This study will also contribute to the boutique hotel industry as there
are not many areas of study about it (Ding, 2002).

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1.2 Purpose of Study
Aim:
This study is to understand the tourist perception of boutique hotels in
Malacca.
The objectives are:
 To determine the attributes that is influencing tourist’s decision to stay
in boutique hotels in Malacca
 To measure guests satisfaction towards the attributes of boutique
hotels in Malacca.

2.0 Literature Review

2.1. Boutique Hotels (BH)


In 1984, BH started to gain popularity due to its unique feature that was
introduced around the Atlantic and stateside (Klumbis & Munsters, 2005:
Arifin, Jamal, Aziz, Ismail, 2015). BH in Malaysia are rather a small, new and
underdeveloped sector in the market with only maximum 100 rooms in total
(Aggett, 2007: Arifin, Jamal, Aziz, Ismail, 2015). The Chambers Dictionary
(cited in Khosravi, 2014) define BH as an accommodation that is intimate and
individualistic in ambience. Usually being family-owned or small-scale owned
business, BH are known to be less competitive in such aspects as capital or
other type of resources when compared to other up-scaled accommodation
provider (Zainal, Mohd Radzi, Hashim, Chik, Abu, 2012). Hence with the
small scale of space, personal service can be carried out easily by the
boutique hotels but the personal service cannot be compared among the
luxury or normal hotel (Henderson, 2011: Arifin, Jamal, Aziz, Ismail, 2015).

Adding on, despite BH being small in space and providing personalised


service, these accommodations are also unique in design and lifestyle
focussed (Khosravi, Yussof, Bahauddin, Mohamed, 2012).

Please refer to appendix 1 for the summary of boutique hotels in


Malacca.

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2.2. Factors influencing tourist’s selection stay in Boutique Hotels,
Malacca
2.2.1. Price of Boutique Hotels in Malacca
The factor that may affect the reason why tourist would stay in the
boutique hotels in Malacca is the price. According to Appendix 1, the price
range starts from the RM 118.00 being the lowest rate, to RM 1,000.00 being
the highest rate. This is due to the boutique hotels having unique features.
For example, Courtyard @ Heeran have the highest price range from
RM200.00 to RM800.00 due to the fact that Courtyard @ Heeran have a
more aesthetic appeal towards their guest, for example their interior design
for the lobby, compared to other boutique hotels (Swiss Heritage) as shown
in appendix 2.1 and 2.2. Plus their boutique hotel provides more facilities and
services compared to the other boutique hotels in the list stated.

2.2.2. Location of Boutique Hotels in Malacca


According to McKenney (2014), strategic locations for boutique hotels
should not be determined for convenience only, but also including the
location’s trend and chicness. Referring to the table and appendix 2.3, the
location of boutique hotels in Malacca is mostly clustered in the Jonker Street
area, only Aldy Hotel being across the Malacca River. Having this in mind,
the location of these few boutique hotels gives their guest an easy access to
Jonker Street Night Market, which touched the points of convenience and
trend – reflecting on what McKenny mentioned.

2.2.3. Unique Features of Boutique Hotels in Malacca


Boutique Hotel is most defined by the cultural, historical, and
authenticity. Besides, “social space” and “many, quality in-room features” can
also define a boutique hotel’s unique feature (Day, Quadri, Jones, ending).

2.2.4. Facilities and Services of Boutique Hotels in Malacca


(Refer to Appendix)

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2.3. Guests’ satisfaction
Satisfaction only happens when guest expectations or perception is
met or surpassed with many various factors. But this boils down to each
unique individual of their guest perception. Hoteliers can only influence guest
to feel satisfaction by providing a wide coverage of tangible and intangible
products (Yeo, Wee, Goh, Lam, Tan & Tan, 2012).

For example, the first factor would be the staff behaviour. This aspect
is closely related to how attentive and friendly the staffs are towards their
guests. Some boutique hotels enforce personalized service by addressing
their guest by their names, instead of using ‘sir’ or ‘ma’am’. This is the factor
that must be taken seriously by hoteliers, as many hotel businesses have
been destroyed just by this simple operation section due to the negative
attitude shown by employees to in-house guests. Moreover, when guest
satisfaction are low, employees don’t feel motivated and have the morale to
carry out work, thus work performance drops (Yeo, Goh, Lam, Tan & Tan,
2012, Khosravi, Malek & Ekiz, 2014).

Another factor would be the architecture and design of the boutique


hotel. This factor follows on the way the boutique hotels present itself
towards their guest, some having a more traditional design depending on the
boutique hotel location or some might have a modern contemporary and
thematic design. Some features may commonly be seen through the
furnishing of the entire boutique hotel, or some by the unique exterior
architecture and interior design. Hence, enhances the guest stay experience
and may improve the satisfaction level of guest during their stay (Henderson,
2011, McKenney, 2014, Khosravi, Malek & Ekiz, 2014). To relate, the
Gingerflower Boutique Hotel is a boutique hotel housed in a Peranakan
Townhouse which will give the guests an experience of an elegant by-gone
era (Gingerflower Boutique Hotel SDN BHD, 2012).

The next factor will be the location of boutique hotel. This plays a
crucial role in providing satisfaction to guest as the surrounding of the
boutique hotel will affect the guest experience. Location also enhances the
value of the boutique hotel as it may provide convenience to their guest or it
may be near tourist attraction sites. For example, boutique hotels near
heritage sites may not only allow their guest to have a ‘visiting’ experience to
the heritage sites, but rather have a ‘living’ experience at the heritage site

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(Henderson, 2011 & McKenney, 2014). To relate, the Malacca Heritage City’s
Chinatown, Jonker Street, it is also the main tourist district of Malacca is just
right at Jonker Boutique Hotel’s doorstep (Jonker Boutique Hotel, 2016).

Other than that would be extra services that boutique hotels


provide to their guest. For example, most boutique hotels may provide light
meals or breakfast meals to give convenience to their guest. Gingerflower
Boutique Hotel provides continental breakfast in their lobby-café
(Gingerflower Boutique Hotel SDN BHD, 2012). Other boutique hotels may
provide tour services or packages. This not only helps the guests that is
staying at the boutique hotel to fulfil their basic needs, but also help their
guest to save time in selecting where to go or visit during their stay (Yeo,
Wee, Goh, Lam, Tan & Tan, 2012 & Khosravi, Malek, A. & Ekiz, 2014).

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3.0 Methodology

The various data was collected in Malacca on the 28th and 29th of
May 2016. To accomplish this study’s objective, we have used the
quantitative research method as means of analyzing in general with the
primary data collection of questionnaires, and secondary data collection of
journals. Questionnaires are used for this study for data collection because
they are easier to evaluate when data is compiled. 40 questionnaires were
distributed to tourists in Hereen and Jonker Street, as there are many
boutique hotels in the area.

Part A: Demographics
This part refers to the demographics of the tourists staying in the
boutique hotel. There are five factors that are included in this part as they are
related to personal characteristics relating to demographics. Close-ended
questions (multiple choice questions) are used, as it will be easier to segment
the respondents to different categories or groups to the demographic. The
questions that we had put in this section are about: Gender, Age, Annual
Income, Employment Status and Nationality. We analyzed this part by using
the frequency distribution (%), and it is presented in a table format.

Part B: Motivation of Travel to Boutique Hotels in Malacca


This part questions the respondents of the factors of influencing
tourists to stay in boutique hotels in Malacca. Multiple-choice format is
chosen for this part of the questionnaire as it allows the study to have a more
narrow focus of answers compared open-ended question. Tourists will have
to check one answer for Question 7, 8, 9. As for Question 10, they are able to
check more than one answer. The questions for this section are:
i) Name of Boutique Hotel in Malacca that they had stayed
in before.
ii) Frequency of Stays in Boutique Hotels in Malacca.
iii) Who is the Respondents Staying with in the Boutique
Hotel in Malacca?
iv) Average Room Rate per Night.
v) Factors Influencing Choice of Stay in Boutique Hotels in
Malacca.
vi) Satisfaction

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The analysis for Part B is frequency distribution for Question 6 and 7,
and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) for Question 8 (StarSoft Inc,
2016)

Question 11 is about factors influencing the guest’s choice of stay in


BHs. The data is analysed in frequency distribution, and shown in a bar
graph. For this question, respondents are able to choose more than 1 choice
for this question.

The last question (question 11) is about the satisfaction of tourists


towards the boutique hotels in Malacca. We have used the Likert-scale of
Satisfaction as our method of carrying out the date collection. Respondents
have a choice from ‘strongly agree to strongly disagree’, from a scale from 5
to 1 accordingly to assist them in answering the question. The factors have
been asked in this question is: Architecture and Design, Food and Beverage,
Location, Price of Stay and Staff Attentiveness.

The analysis of this question is measured using mean, as it is the best


way to calculate the distribution of the answers in the questionnaire (Achilleas
Kostoulas, 2015).

The limitation that was faced during this study is the number of
respondents that is small. This then affects our study, as it is not
representative. Out of the 40 questionnaires that we have given out, only 33
of them are valid and 7 are not due to the missing data.

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4.0 Findings

Based on the tabulated data on bar charts, we are able to see the results
very easily and clearly.

4.1 Demographic Findings (Part A)


Table 1: Demographic Findings
Demographics Category Number of Percentage
Respondents
Gender Male 12 36%
Female 21 64%
Age 18-20 11 33%
21-30 14 43%
31-40 1 3%
41-50 1 3%
51 and above 6 18%
Average RM2,000 and less 16 49%
Monthly RM2,001 – RM4,000 5 15%
Income RM4,001 and more 12 36%

Employment Student 12 36%


Status Unemployed 2 6%

Employed 14 43%

Self-Employed 1 3%

Retired 2 6%

Others 2 6%

Nationality Malaysian 10 30%


Others 23 70%

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4.2 Findings of Respondents Staying in Boutique Hotels at
Malacca

Graph 1- Frequency of Stays in Boutique Hotels in Malacca


80% 76%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20% 15%
10% 6%
3%
0%
1 2 3 4

Graph 1: Amongst the 33 questionnaires, the majority of people have only


stayed Once in Boutique Hotels in Malacca, and it consists of 25
respondents.

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Graph 2- Who are the Respondents Staying With?
50% 46%
45%
40%
No. of Respondents

35% 33%
30%
25%
20%
15% 12%
9%
10%
5%
0%
Alone Colleague Family Friends
Factors

Graph 2: The respondents that had stayed in Boutique Hotels in Malacca are
with Friends, followed by Family, Colleague and Alone – 15, 11, 4 and 3
respondents respectively.

Graph 3- Average Room Rate per Night


50%
45%
45%
40%
No. of Respondants

35% 33%
30%
25%
20%
15%
15%
10% 6%
5%
0%
100 and below 101 - 200 201 - 300 300 and above
Price (Ringgit Malaysia)

Graph 3: The highest chosen room rates that the respondents chose was
from the range of RM101-200, and the lowest chosen room rates was RM300
and above.

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Graph 4- Factors Influencing Choice of Stay in Boutique Hotels,
Malacca
25 64%

No. of Respondants
20 52% 52%
15
27%
10
5 9%
3%
0

Factors

Graph 4: Respondents are able to choose more than one choice for this their
choice of accommodation. Location has been chosen the most at 21
respondents, and for the Price and Unique Features are chosen as the
second highest choice of accommodation at 17 respondents, and the lowest
choice of accommodation was the Size at 3 respondents.

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Table 2: Satisfaction of Guests towards Attributes of Boutique Hotel (Mean)

Attributes Mean
Architecture and design
Furnishing 4.0
Interior design 4.2
Unique exterior architecture 4.3
Staff
Attentiveness 4.1
Friendliness 4.2
Personalised service 3.8
Location
Accessibility to attractions 4.4
Accessibility to town 4.5
Near to heritage sites 4.5
Facilities
Food and beverage 3.5
Tour service 3.2
High tech facilities in room 3.6

Overall Satisfaction 4.3

Table 2: The highest attributes of boutique hotel were 4.5 out of 5.0 for
accessibility to town and near to heritage sites. While, for the lowest attributes
of boutique hotel were tour service by only 3.2 out of 5.0.

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4.3 Analysis of Findings

Based on the finding that we have got from the 33 respondents, the
majority of the respondents are females; 21 out of 33 respondents. Most
of the female respondents are found to be travelling with their friends and
family. On the other hand, the male respondents are mostly found travelling
with their spouse or with their girlfriend.

As for age, the majority of the age group goes to the age of 21 – 30
(14 respondents), following by the age of 18 – 20 (11 respondents).
These two age of groups are also known as the millennial; In general,
millennial are the generation that is known to be better educated, more
numerous, affluent, ethnically diverse and also (Howe & Strauss, 2000).
According to a study, the millennial are also generation that is willing to
engage a destination’s art and cultural assets. With that, this group of people
find that authenticity in experience is highly important (Hargrove, 2014).
Hence, this support is consistent that boutique hotels focused in unique
design and lifestyle that will influence this group of people, the millennial to
stay in. Following by ages of 51 and above; 6 respondents. For the age of 41
to 40 and 41 to 50 have only one 1 respondent respectively.

The average monthly income ranges of three categories. The rankings


from the most respondents to the least are: RM2,000 and less; 16
respondents, RM2,001 to RM4,000; 5 respondents, and lastly, RM4,001 and
above; 12 respondents respectively.

The employment status of the respondents are mostly employed; 14


out of 33 respondents. The second employment status are students; 12
respondents, just a difference of 2 respondents from those who are
employed. There are three categories that have only 2 respondents:
unemployed, retired, and others - expats and part-time. Lastly, there is only
one respondent who is self-employed.

Referring to the findings above, Graph 1 shows that 25 out of 33


(76%) respondents have only stayed in BH once in Malacca. The maximum
about of respondents that had stayed in Boutique Hotels in Malacca is 4
times, which only 2 out of 33 respondents. However, there are 5 respondents
who stayed in BH in twice, and only 1 respondent stayed in BH in Malacca
thrice.

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Understanding that the majority of respondents have only stayed in the
BH in Malacca only once, we feel that the first impression of BH in Malacca is
very important for return visit. This is reason because the market of BH is still
small, underdeveloped and not matured yet (Aggett, 2007: Arifin, Jamal, Aziz,
Ismail, 2015). If the first impression is good, most likely there will be several
contributing factors that will encourage tourist to choose to stay in BH in
Malacca such as Word of Mouth or positive comments online.

There are only 3 (9%) respondents who stayed in the BH in Malacca


alone, 4 (12%) respondents with colleagues, 11 (33%) respondents with
family, and 15 (46%) with friends.

According to the findings by percentage, the percentage of tourists that


travelled with one or more partners are of 91%. This tells us that there are
likely to have a demand of tourist that will most likely seek out dual sharing
beds (eg: twin bed, king bed, queen bed) as an option when lodging in BH at
Malacca. If BH in Malacca is aware of the demand on this aspect, it can
contribute to the factor of tourist on choosing their stay in their premise.

The majority of room rate that respondents have stayed in age from 11
(33%) respondents, for room rates from RM201 to RM300. The second in
ranking is RM101 to RM200; 5 (15%) respondents11. There are 5 (15%)
respondents who get to accommodate rooms ranging from RM100 and
below. Lastly, only 2 (6%) respondents accommodated in room that is rated
RM300 and above.

Based on the questionnaire, the 2 respondents that stayed in the


rooms rated from RM200 and above are retirees. However, their income has
a huge gap. One of the respondent’s average monthly income rages from
RM4001 and above, and the other, RM2,000 and less. Hence, we believe
that from the two respondents, pricing may not be of huge factor when
choosing rooms with high rates.

From graph 4, the most chosen reason that respondents chose is


locations, which are 21 out of 33 respondents. The location that we have
chosen to question respondents is in Hereen Street and Jonker Street, which
is under the UNESCO world heritage. These locations are also located near
to historical attractions and have food, and most importantly, Boutique Hotels
around. Mc Kenny (2014) stated that locations should not only be determined

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for convenience only, but should also be determined by the location’s trend
and chicness. We found out that the location in Hereen Street and Jonker
Street is not only convenient during day and night, but also trendy as the BH
there are mostly in pre-war houses, and also a hot tourist spot for food and
shopping.

The second most chosen reason of accommodation is price and


unique features at 17 out of 33 respondents, which is 52% of respondents.
This percentage supports the fact that unique design is indeed a main feature
of BH (Khosravi, Yussof, Bahauddin, Mohamed, 2012). The third most
chosen reason of accommodation is technological features that 9
respondents have ticked in the survey.

We are also able to see the least reason for choice of accommodation
is the size (3 respondents) and others (1 respondent) – unique name.
Despite the fact that boutique hotel’s feature is deemed small, there wasn’t
many people that chose the size factor as a reason for choice of
accommodation.

Referring to table 2, we are able to see that the majority of attributes


that respondents responded are satisfied (8 out of 12 attributes), and
neutral (4 out of 12 attributes), not including overall satisfaction.

The highest satisfaction that respondents responded is ‘accessibility to


town’ and ‘near to heritage sites’, both at the mean of 4.5. This is really
relevant and positive as the BH in Hereen and Jonker Street are located right
in town, and heritage sites such as the Stadthuys.

The least satisfactory attributes are the tour service at the mean of 3.2.
This is most probably due to the lack of emphasis on the tour in Malacca to
their guest. As the BH is located close to the heritage sites, it is
understandable that the BH do not put importance in the tour service as it is
also a cost factor.

Most respondents are giving positive feedbacks on their experience


during their stay in BH. Also, the positive feedbacks actually shows that the
BH is very successful when reflecting the feedback to the definition of BHs
that is mentioned in the literature review (refer to 2.1 Boutique Hotels).

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To sum up the satisfaction on attributes of the BH that the respondents
have stayed in, 67% (22) of the respondents are satisfied with the attributes
provided. 33% (11) respondents in the other hand are very satisfied with the
provided attributes. This is a very positive and motivating result as 76% of the
respondents have only stayed in BH in Malacca for the first time and the
result is able to prove that that the BH in Malacca is on the right track of
growth and maturity

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5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation

In general, the overall satisfaction that most tourists have is positive


towards the Boutique Hotel (BH) in Malacca. Majorities have chosen location
and unique features as their most important BH attributes upon choosing their
stay in BH Malacca (refer to table 2). As a result, BH in Malacca has
successfully achieved the expectation of the respondents. This can be seen
in Table 2 where it had scored a minimum of 4.4 out of 5 (attribute on
location) and 4.0 out of 5 (attribute on architecture and design).

Considering that BH is a small and undeveloped industry, this is a


good INDICATOR on the development of BH in Malaysia in general, and in
Malacca specifically. This is consistent with Malacca’s tourism destination –
cultural and heritage. As a result, the location of the BH has been chosen as
the highest factors that influencing the choice of staying of tourists at
boutique hotel in Malacca. This is because most of the boutique hotels are
located at the main city of Malacca, Jonker Street and most of them are
located near to the heritage site, under the UNESCO world heritage; giving
Malacca another interesting reason for tourist to visit and to experience the
preserved culture in Malacca. These BH are close to attraction such as
historical buildings, food and beverage, shopping malls and etc. As a
recommendation, boutique hotel should ensure to remain under UNESCO
world heritage for any expansion or growth in future.

Adding on to the recommendation, boutique hotels in Malacca should


form a group – CARTEL, which is is formed by firms that want to eliminate
uncertainties and improve profits by establishing market shares and prices,
reduce competitiveness and eliminate promotional cost and which objective is
to limit the scope of competiveness in the market. A cartel agreement is an
arrangement among firms that cooperate with each other to act together as a
body (Madhavan & Vengedasalam, 2015).

Hence, CARTEL not only able to make profits, but it enables the locals
to maintain or preserve their culture. For example Boutique and Lifestyle
Lodging Association (BLLA), where their main focuses is to unite the boutique
and lifestyle hotels at the international platform. Thus, this would then help
market the industry. By adapting the idea of BLLA, BH in Malacca, Malaysia

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may not only be able to maintain or preserve their culture, but also be able to
raise awareness of this small-scaled and unripe industry.

Overall, satisfaction from the respondents is high, but there can still be
improvement made on the facilities in BH in Malacca as it has the lowest
satisfaction among the collected data. Hence, as a recommendation, BH in
Malacca should put more effort on their facilities. This enables the BH to
boost up the tourists’ satisfaction, like to provide breakfast according to their
theme. Nevertheless, BH in Malacca can also improve the high technology
facilities in their rooms and also lobby to satisfy the needs of different guest.
For example, some guest might consider their room with high definition
television and also hair dryer for females. To step up to a higher level,
boutique hotels in Malacca can consider using key card access for safety
purposes.

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6.0 References

Arifin, A.S, Jamal, S.A, Aziz, A.A & Ismail, S.S, (2015) ‘Literature Review’
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Citrinot, L (2012) ‘UNESCO Gives a New Breed of Life to Tourism in Melaka’


The Travel Daily News. http://www.traveldailynews.asia [accessed on 13 th
April 2016].

D. Vengedasalam, K. Madhavan (2015) ‘Market Structure 1: Cartels’;


‘Principles of Economics’ 3rd edition. Malaysia: Oxford Fajar. p137

Ding, K. L. (2002), “Abstract”, Exploring the differences between domestic


and foreign cultural tourist behaviour visiting Malacca, pp:iii

Goh, P.S (2004) ‘Abstract’ Between History and Heritage: Post-Colonialism,


Globalisation, and the Remarking of Malacca, Penang, and Singapore. 2 nd
edition. South Korea: Institute of East Asian Studies, Sogang University. pp
79

Goh, P.S (2004) ‘Malacca: Asian/Cosmopolitan Heritage Space as


Commodity’ Between History and Heritage: Post-Colonialism, Globalisation,
and the Remarking of Malacca, Penang, and Singapore. 2 nd edition. South
Korea: Institute of East Asian Studies, Sogang University. pp 84

Hargrove, C. (2014) ‘The Cultural Tourist: Who They Are, What They Do, and
Why They Are Important’, National Cultural Districts Exchange: Attracting
Visitors and Their Spending. US: Americans of the Arts. pp 4

Haron, I (2014) ’15 million tourists expected in Malacca’ The Star.


http://www.thestar.com.my [accessed on 13th April 2016].

Henderson J. C. (2011) ‘Hip Heritage: The Boutique Hotel Business in


Singapore’; Tourism and Hospitality Research 11(3). pp 217 – 223

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HM Government (2007) ‘Why should we measure customer satisfaction and
who should be involved?’ How to measure customer satisfaction.
http://www.ccas.min-financas.pt [accessed on 29th April 2016].

Howe, N. & Strauss, W. (2000) Millennials Rising. New York: Vintage Books.
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Hu, H. H, Huang, C. T. & Chen, P. T. (2010) ‘Do Reward Programs Truly


Build Loyalty for Lodging Industry?’ International Journal of Hospitality
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Kostoulas, A (2015), “How to Interpret Ordinal Data”.


th
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22
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7.0 Appendix

Appendix 1: Summary of Boutique Hotels in Malacca


Size of
Name of Hotel
Location Price range (RM) Source
hotel (No. of
rooms)
Courtyard Jalan Tun Tan 200-800 (Sunday – 14 Courtyard at
@ Cheng Lock Thursday) Heeren (2016)
Heeren 260-
1000(Friday/Saturday/Eve&
Public Holidays)
Swiss Jalan Tun Tan 31-85 54 Swiss Hotel
Heritage Cheng Lock Melaka (2016)
Ginger Jalan Tun Tan 166-310 13 Trip Advisor
Flower Cheng Lock (2016)
Jonker Jalan Tokong 34-62 16 Jonker Boutique
Boutique Hotel (2016)
Hotel
Hotel Jalan Melaka 68 (Based on average 60 Trip Advisor
Portugis Raya rates of a standard rooms) (2016)
Hotel Puri Jalan Tun Tan 29-48 82 Hotel Puri
Cheng Lok (2016)
Aldy Jalan Kota 155-383 30 Aldy Hotel
Hotel (2016)

24
Appendix 2.1 Lobby design of Swiss Heritage (Trip Advisor, 2016)

Appendix 2.2: Lobby design of Courtyard @ Heeran (Trip Advisor, 2016)

25
Appendix 2.3: Boutique Hotels around Jonker Street

26
Appendix 3: Facilities & Services of the Boutique Hotels in Malacca.

Facilities and Services

IPod and Android

rental with data


Complimentary
Fax Machine

smart phone
docking with

Mini Fridge
Hair Dryer
Television

Computer
Bluetooth

Elevator
Jacuzzi
Hotel Name

CCTV
WIFI

Courtyard
/ / / / / /
@ Heeren1
Swiss
/ / / /
Heritage2
Ginger
/ /
Flower3
Jonker
Boutique / / / / /
Hotel4
Hotel Puri5 / / /
6
Aldy Hotel / / / /

1 Courtyard at Heeren (2016)


2 Swiss Hotel Melaka (2016)

3 Ginger Flower Boutique Hotel (2016)

4 Jonker Boutique Hotel (2016)

5 Hotel Puri (2016)

6 Aldy Hotel (2016)

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