BASIC EQUATIONS FOR ME 200

Mass Conservation, Law and 1st 2nd Law Relations

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
� = � 𝑚𝑚̇𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 − � 𝑚𝑚̇𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
� = � 𝑚𝑚̇𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 (ℎ + 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 + 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝)𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 − � 𝑚𝑚̇𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (ℎ + 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 + 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝)𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 + 𝑄𝑄̇ − 𝑊𝑊̇
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑄𝑄̇𝑗𝑗
� = � 𝑚𝑚̇𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 − � 𝑚𝑚̇𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 + � + 𝜎𝜎̇𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑇𝑇𝑗𝑗,𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑗𝑗
Work and Heat Transfer Relations
𝑊𝑊𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = � 𝑝𝑝 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑊𝑊𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = � 𝜀𝜀 𝑖𝑖 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑊𝑊𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = � 𝑘𝑘𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑊𝑊𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = � 𝜏𝜏 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
2
𝑤𝑤𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖,𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟,𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = − � 𝑣𝑣 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + (𝑉𝑉12 − 𝑉𝑉22 )⁄2 + 𝑔𝑔(𝑧𝑧1 − 𝑧𝑧2 ) 𝑞𝑞𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖,𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = � 𝑇𝑇 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
1

PROPERTY RELATIONS FOR ME 200

General Relations
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕ℎ
ℎ = 𝑢𝑢 + 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑐𝑐𝑣𝑣 = �
� 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 = � � 𝐸𝐸 = 𝑚𝑚(𝑢𝑢 + 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 + 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝), 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 𝑉𝑉 2 ⁄2 , 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑣𝑣 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑝𝑝
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝑑𝑑ℎ − 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑧𝑧𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝑥𝑥 𝑧𝑧𝑔𝑔 + (1 − 𝑥𝑥 )𝑧𝑧𝑓𝑓 , 𝑧𝑧 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Models
𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝
𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑅𝑅 = 𝑅𝑅�/𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑅𝑅 = 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 − 𝑐𝑐𝑣𝑣 𝑘𝑘 =
𝑐𝑐𝑣𝑣
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑝𝑝2
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑐𝑐𝑣𝑣 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑ℎ = 𝑐𝑐𝑃𝑃 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑐𝑐𝑣𝑣 + 𝑅𝑅 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 − 𝑅𝑅 𝑠𝑠2 − 𝑠𝑠1 = 𝑠𝑠2𝑜𝑜 − 𝑠𝑠1𝑜𝑜 − 𝑅𝑅ln( )
𝑇𝑇 𝑣𝑣 𝑇𝑇 𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝1
𝑝𝑝2 𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟2 𝑣𝑣2 𝑣𝑣𝑟𝑟2
� � =� � � � =� �
𝑝𝑝1 𝑠𝑠 𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟1 𝑠𝑠 𝑣𝑣1 𝑠𝑠 𝑣𝑣𝑟𝑟1 𝑠𝑠
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑑𝑑ℎ = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑐𝑐 ℎ𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (𝑝𝑝, 𝑇𝑇) = ℎ𝑓𝑓 (𝑇𝑇) + 𝜈𝜈𝑓𝑓 (𝑇𝑇)[𝑝𝑝 − 𝑝𝑝𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 (𝑇𝑇)]
𝑇𝑇
EFFICIENCY AND CYCLE RELATIONS FOR ME 200
𝑤𝑤𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑤𝑤𝑠𝑠 2
𝑉𝑉2,𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝜂𝜂𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 = 𝜂𝜂𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 𝜂𝜂𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 𝜂𝜂𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = 2
𝑤𝑤𝑠𝑠 𝑤𝑤𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑉𝑉2,𝑠𝑠
𝑊𝑊𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛,𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑄𝑄𝐶𝐶 𝑄𝑄𝐻𝐻
𝜂𝜂𝑡𝑡ℎ = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅 = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 =
𝑄𝑄𝐻𝐻 𝑊𝑊𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛,𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑊𝑊𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛,𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶 𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶 𝑇𝑇𝐻𝐻 𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶 𝑄𝑄𝐶𝐶
𝜂𝜂𝑡𝑡ℎ,𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = 1− 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅,𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻,𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = � � =� �
𝑇𝑇𝐻𝐻 𝑇𝑇𝐻𝐻 − 𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶 𝑇𝑇𝐻𝐻 − 𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶 𝑇𝑇𝐻𝐻 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑄𝑄𝐻𝐻 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
UNIT CONVERSION RELATIONS

Density 1 g/cm3 = 103 kg/m3 1 W = 1 J/s

Energy Transfer Rate
Length 102 cm = 1 m 1 kW = 1.34 hp
Velocity 1 km/h = 0.621 mile/h Specific Heat 1 kJ/(kg-K) = 0.239 kcal/(kg-K)
106 cm3 = 1 m3 Universal Gas Constant 𝑅𝑅�=8.314 kJ/(kmol-K)
Volume
1 L = 10-3 m3 Standard Gravity Acceleration g=9.81 m/s2
Force 1 N = 1 kg-m/s2 Standard Atmospheric Pressure 1 atm = 1.01 bar
1 Pa = 1 N/m2 T(°R) = 1.8T(K)
Pressure
1 bar = 105 N/m2 Temperature Relations T(°C) = T(K) – 273.15
Energy 1 J = 1 N-m T(°F) = T(°R) – 459.67