Self-assessment questions

1 A magnetic flux density of a circular field is 27 T. If the flux is 108 mWb,

calculate the area of the field.
2 A magnetic field has a flux of 54 mWb and a cross-sectional area of 9 cm2.
Calculate the field’s flux density.
3 A conductor 11 cm long is lying at right angles to a magnetic field of flux
density 10 T; if the conductor carries a current of 10.91 A, calculate the
force on the conductor.
4 A conductor 8 cm long connected to a 50 V d.c. supply is situated at right
angles to a magnetic field of flux 30 mWb and cross-sectional area 15 cm2.
If the force exerted on the conductor is 16 N, calculate the resistance of the
conductor.
5 With the aid of diagrams, explain why a force is exerted on a conductor
carrying a current in a magnetic field.
6 Give three examples of how the magnetic effect of an electric current may
be used, using explanatory diagrams.
7 With the aid of sketches, explain the difference between simple d.c. and
a.c. generators.
8 Draw a diagram showing the arrangement of a typical single-phase a.c.
generator and explain its action.
9 An alternating current has a peak value of 50 A. Draw to scale the sine
wave of this current over half a cycle and from it determine the value of
the current after 70°. What is the r.m.s. value of the current?
10 Explain the meaning of the term ‘root-mean-square value.’
11 What is the meaning of the term ‘frequency’? Illustrate your answer with
sketches.
12 What is meant by three-phase generation?
13 If a coil has an e.m.f. of 6 V induced in it by a flux changing from zero to
36 mWb in 0.18 s, calculate the number of turns on the coil.
14 (a) What is self-inductance? (b) A relay coil of 300 turns produces a flux
of 5 mWb when carrying a current of 1.5 A. Calculate the inductance of
the coil.
15 An iron-cored coil having an inductance of 0.1 H and a resistance of 1.25 K
is connected to a 25 V d.c. supply. Calculate the circuit time constant and
the maximum current. Draw to scale the curve of the current decay when
the supply is switched off. What will be the value of current after 0.15 s?
16 (a) What is the effect of opening an inductive circuit? How can this effect
be used? (b) The energy stored in a coil is 2 J; if the inductance of the coil
is 160 mH, calculate the coil current.
17 An inductor of negligible resistance has an inductance of 100 mH and an
inductive reactance of 31.42 K when connected to an a.c. supply. Calculate
the supply frequency.
18 A coil of inductance 1528 mH and negligible resistance takes a current of
0.5 A when connected to a 50 Hz supply. Calculate the value of the supply
voltage.
19 An inductor has a resistance of 16 K and an inductive reactance of 12 K. If
the current flowing in the circuit is 12 A, find, by means of a phasor
diagram, the value of the supply voltage.
20 A pure inductance which has a resistance of 12 K is wired in parallel with
a resistance of 8 K across a 240 V supply. Calculate the current in each
component and determine the value of the supply current by means of a
phasor diagram.
21 (a) Define the term power factor. (b) A circuit consists of a resistance and
an inductance in series. The voltage across the resistance is 192 V, and the
power factor is 0.8. Determine the value of the supply voltage and the
voltage across the inductance.
22 An ammeter, a voltmeter and a wattmeter are to be connected into the
circuit supply a single-phase motor. Draw a diagram showing how these
instruments would be connected. If the readings obtained were 240 V,
1.25 A and 180 W, calculate the power factor of the motor.
23 (a) Explain the action of a transformer. (b) A double-wound transformer
has a primary voltage of 240 V and a secondary voltage of 110 V. If there
are 720 primary turns, calculate the number of turns on the secondary.
24 With the aid of a diagram explain what an auto-transformer is.
25 List the losses which occur in a transformer. What steps can be taken to
overcome them?
Self-assessment questions
1 A 240 V single-phase motor takes a current of 10 A and has a working
power factor of 0.5 lagging. Draw a scaled phasor diagram and from
it determine the value of capacitor current required to improve the PF
to 0.9 lagging. Calculate the value of the capacitor.
2 Determine the value of the voltage and the power factor in the circuit
shown in the diagram.

3 A 240 V, 50 Hz single-phase motor takes 6 A at 0.56 PF lagging.

Determine the value of capacitor required to improve the PF to unity.
4 A 240 V, 50 Hz fluorescent lamp unit takes a current of 0.6 A at a PF
of 0.45 lagging. Calculate the capacitance required to correct the PF
to 0.92 lagging.
5 Two 240 V, 50 Hz single-phase motors A and B are connected in
parallel. Motor A takes a current of 8.6A at 0.75 PF lagging and the
total current taken from the supply is 16 A at 0.6 lagging. Calculate
the current and PF of motor B.
6 A consumer has the following loads connected to his or her supply: 3
kVA at 0.8 lagging; 4 kW at a PF of unity; and 5 kVA at 0.5 lagging.
Calculate the total load in kVA and the overall PF.