English Grammar 101 - All You Need To Know

10/8/2018 English Grammar 101: All You Need to Know
HOME POPULAR SUBSCRIBE
English Grammar 101: All You Need to Know Enter keyword to search
By Daniel Scocco - 12 minute read
Just ask a friend what is the role of prepositions within sentences, or what
are the four moods of verbs, and I am sure that you will see a puzzled
look on his face.
Understanding the basic grammar rules is essential for communicating

e ciently, but most of us have forgotten those concepts years ago.
In order to solve this problem we decided to put together all the basic
rules on a single page, so that you can use it as a refresher, or print it out
for future reference. Enjoy!
Sentences
Sentences are made of two parts: the subject and the predicate.
Categories
The subject is the person or thing that acts or is described in the
sentence. The predicate, on the other hand, is that action or description.
Business Writing Book Reviews
Complete sentences need both the subject and the predicate.

Mistakes Expressions
Clauses Fiction Writing Freelance Writing
Sentences can be broken down into clauses. General Grammar
For example: The boy is going to the school, and he is going to eat there. Grammar 101 Misused Words
This is a complete sentence composed of two clauses. There are mainly two types of clauses: independent Punctuation Spelling
clauses and subordinate clauses.
Style Vocabulary
Independent clauses act as complete sentences, while subordinate clauses cannot stand alone and need
Writing Basics Usage Review
another clause to complete their meaning. For example:
Writing Quizzes
Independent clause example: The boy went to the school.
Subordinate clause example: After the boy went to the school…
Phrases
A group of two or more grammatically linked words that do not have subject and predicate is a phrase.
Example of a complete sentence: The girl is at home, and tomorrow she is going to the amusement park.
Example of a clause: The girl is at home
Example of a phrase: The girl
You can see that “the girl” is a phrase located in the rst clause of the complete sentence above.
Phrases act like parts of speech inside clauses. That is, they can act as nouns, adjectives, adverbs and so
on.
Parts of Speech
Follow DailyWritingTips
A word is a “part of speech” only when it is used in a sentence. The function the word serves in a sentence
is what makes it whatever part of speech it is.
For example, the word “run” can be used as more than one part of speech:.
Sammy hit a home run.
Run is a noun, direct object of hit.
You mustn’t run near the swimming pool.
Run is a verb, part of the verb phrase must (not) run.
Traditional grammar classi es words based on eight parts of speech: the noun, the pronoun, the
adjective, the verb, the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction, and the interjection. We are going to
cover them individually below.
Nouns
https://www.dailywritingtips.com/english-grammar-101-all-you-need-to-know/ 1/12
A noun is a word used to describe a person, place, thing, event, idea, and so on. Nouns represent one of
the main elements of sentences, along with verbs, adjectives, prepositions and articles.
Nouns usually function as subjects or objects within sentences, although they can also act as adjectives
and adverbs.
Here is a list with the di erent types of nouns:
1. Proper nouns
Used to describe a unique person or thing, proper nouns always start with a capital letter. Examples
include Mary, India, and Manchester United.
2. Common nouns
Common nouns are used to describe persons or things in general. Examples include girl, country, and
team
3. Concrete nouns
Nouns that can be perceived through the ve senses are called concrete nouns. Examples include ball,
rainbow and melody.
4. Abstract nouns
Nouns that cannot be perceived through the ve senses are called abstract nouns. Examples include love,
courage, and childhood.
5. Countable nouns
Countable nouns can be counted. They also have both a singular and a plural form. Examples include toys,
children and books.
6. Non-countable nouns
These nouns (usually) can not be counted, and they don’t have a plural form. Examples include sympathy,
laughter and oxygen.
7. Collective nouns
Collective nouns are used to describe groups of things. Examples include ock, committee and murder.
Plural Form of Nouns
The English language has both regular and irregular plural forms of nouns. The most common case is
when you need to add -s to the noun. For example one car and two cars.
The other two cases of the regular plural form are:
1. nouns that end with s, x, ch or sh, where you add -es (e.g., one box, two boxes)
2. nouns that end with consonant + y, where you change the y with i and add -es (e.g., one enemy,
two enemies)
On the irregular plural form of nouns there are basically eight cases:
1. nouns that end with -o, where you add -es (e.g., one potato, two potatoes)
2. nouns ending with -is, where you change -is to -es (e.g., one crisis, two crises)
3. nouns ending with -f, where you change –f to -v and add -es (e.g., one wolf, two wolves)
4. nouns ending with -fe, where you change -f to -v and add -s (e.g., one life, two lives)
5. nouns ending with -us, where you change -us to -i (e.g., one fungus, two fungi)
6. nouns that contain -oo, change -oo to -ee (e.g., one foot, two feet)
7. nouns that end with -on, where you change -on with -a (e.g., phenomenon, phenomena)
8. nouns that don’t change (e.g., sheep, o spring, series)
It might appear overwhelming, but after using these nouns a couple of times you will be able to memorize
their plural form easily.
Pronouns
Pronouns are used to replace nouns within sentences, making them less repetitive and mechanic. For
example, saying “Mary didn’t go to school because Mary was sick” doesn’t sound very good. Instead, if you
say “Mary didn’t go to school because she was sick” it will make the sentence ow better.
There are several types of pronouns, below you will nd the most common ones:
1. Subjective personal pronouns. As the name implies, subjective pronouns act as subjects within
sentences. They are: I, you, he, she, we, they, and it.
Example: I am going to the bank while he is going to the market.
2. Objective personal pronouns. These pronouns act as the object of verbs within sentences. They are:
me, you, him, her, us, them and it.
Example: The ball was going to hit me in the face.
3. Possessive personal pronouns. These pronouns are used to indicate possession, and they are placed
after the object in question (as opposed to possessive adjectives like my and your, which are placed before
the object). They are: mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs and its.
Example of possessive adjective: This is my car.

Example of possessive pronoun: This car is mine.
4. Re exive pronouns. This special class of pronouns is used when the object is the same as the subject
on the sentence. They are myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, themselves and itself.
Example: I managed to cut myself in the kitchen.
5. Interrogative pronouns. As you probably guessed these pronouns are used to ask questions. They are
what, which, who, whom and whose.
Example: What are the odds?
6. Demonstrative pronouns. These pronouns are used to indicate a noun and distinguish it from other
entities. Notice that demonstrative pronouns replace the noun (while demonstrative determiners modify
them). They are: this, that, these, those.
Example of a demonstrative determiner: This house is ugly.

Example of a demonstrative pronoun: This is the right one.
7. Inde nite pronouns. As the name implies, inde nite pronouns do not refer to a speci c thing, place or
person. There are many of them, including anyone, anywhere, everyone, none, someone and so on.
Example: Everyone is going to the party.
Adjectives
An adjective is a word that describes a noun. There are two kinds: attributive and predicative.
An adjective is used attributively when it stands next to a noun and describes it.
For example: The black cat climbed a tree.
Notice that the verb participle forms can be used as adjectives:
The man felt a paralyzing fear.

Flavored oatmeal tastes better than plain oatmeal.
The usual place of the adjective in English is in front of the noun. You can have a whole string of adjectives
if you like: The tall thin evil-looking cowboy roped the short, fat, ino ensive calf.
Sometimes, for rhetorical or poetic e ect, the adjective can come after the noun:
Sarah Plain and Tall (book title)
This is the forest primeval.
An adjective is used predicatively when a verb separates it from the noun or pronoun it describes:
The umpire was wrong.
The crowd was furious.
She seems tired today.
This soup tastes bad.
The dog’s coat feels smooth.
The verbs that can be completed by predicate adjectives are called being verbs or copulative verbs.
They include all the forms of to be and sensing verbs like seem, feel, and taste.
Adjective Classi cations
qualitative: good, bad, happy, blue, French

possessive: my, thy, his, her, its, our, your, their
relative and interrogative: which, what, whatever, etc.
numeral: one, two, second, single, etc.
inde nite: some, any, much, few, every, etc.
demonstrative: this, that, the, a (an), such
The demonstrative adjectives the and a (an) are so important in English that they have a special name:
articles. They are discussed separately below.
Articles
The words a, an, and the are generally called articles and sometimes classed as a separate part of speech.
In function, however, they can be grouped with the demonstrative adjectives that are used to point things
out rather than describe them.
De nite Article
The is called the de nite article because it points out a particular object or class.
This is the book I was talking about.
The dodo bird is extinct.
Inde nite Article

A is called the inde nite article because it points out an object, but not any particular specimen.
a book, a dog, a lawn mower
The inde nite article has two forms:

A is used before words beginning with a consonant sound or an aspirated h:
a car, a lamb, a hope, a habit, a hotel
An is used before words beginning with a vowel sound:

an ape, an image, an untruth, an honorable man
Verbs
English has three kinds of Verbs: transitive, intransitive, and incomplete.
1. Transitive Verbs
A verb is transitive when the action is carried across to a receiver:
The farmer grows potatoes. Elvis sang ballads.
The receiver is called the direct object. It answers the question “What?” or “Whom? after the verb. Grows
what? Potatoes. Sang what? Ballads.
2. Intransitive Verbs
A verb is intransitive when the action stays with the verb. It is not carried across to a receiver:
Corn grows. Elvis sang.

Adding a prepositional phrase to modify the verb does not change the fact that the action remains with the
subject:
Corn grows in the elds. Elvis sang all over the world.
Both transitive and intransitive verbs are action verbs.
3. Incomplete Verbs
There are three types of incomplete verbs:
i. being verbs – also called linking or copulative verbs

to be, seem, become, taste, smell, sound, feel
Tip: Some of these verbs can also be used transitively. If in doubt, substitute a form of to be for the verb. If
the sentence still makes sense, the verb is being used as a copulative verb:
He feels depressed. He is depressed.

He feels the wall. He is the wall.
ii. auxiliary verbs – also called helping verbs

be, have, shall, will, do, and may.
He could have gone earlier.
iii. semi-auxiliary verbs

must, can, ought, dare, need.
You must not go. You dare not go.
Verbs Voice
English verbs are said to have two voices: active and passive.
Active Voice: the subject of the sentence performs the action:
His son catches y balls. Creative children often dream in class.
Note: Verbs in the active voice may be either transitive or intransitive.
Passive Voice: the subject receives the action:
The ball was caught by the rst baseman.

The duty is performed by the new recruits.
The dough was beaten by the mixer.
The mailman was bitten by the dog.
Only transitive verbs can be used in the passive voice. What would be the direct object of the verb in the
active voice becomes the subject of the verb in the passive voice:
Active voice: The dog bit the mailman. “bit” is a transitive verb. The receiver/direct object is “mailman.”
Passive voice: The mailman was bitten by the dog. “bit” is now in the passive voice. The “receiver” has
become the subject of the verb.
A passive verb in either present or past tense will always have two parts: some form of the verb to be (am,
is, are, was, were), and a past participle (verb form ending in -ed, -en, or any form used with have when
forming a perfect tense).
Note: The mere presence of the verb to be does not indicate that a verb is in the passive voice. The test of
a verb in the passive voice is the two-part question:
Is the subject performing the action of the verb or is the subject receiving the action of the verb?
If the subject is receiving the action, then the verb is in passive voice.
Sometimes the passive voice is the best way to express a thought. Used carelessly, however, passive voice
can produce a ponderous, inexact writing style.
Verbs Mood
English verbs have four moods: indicative, imperative, subjunctive, and in nitive.
Mood is the form of the verb that shows the mode or manner in which a thought is expressed.
1. Indicative Mood: expresses an assertion, denial, or question:
Little Rock is the capital of Arkansas.

Ostriches cannot y.
Have you nished your homework?
2. Imperative Mood: expresses command, prohibition, entreaty, or advice:
Don’t smoke in this building.

Be careful!
Don’t drown that puppy!
3. Subjunctive Mood: expresses doubt or something contrary to fact.
Modern English speakers use indicative mood most of the time, resorting to a kind of “mixed subjunctive”
that makes use of helping verbs:
If I should see him, I will tell him.
Americans are more likely to say:
If I see him, I will tell him.
The verb may can be used to express a wish:
May you have many more birthdays.

May you live long and prosper.
The verb were can also indicate the use of the subjunctive:
If I were you, I wouldn’t keep driving on those tires.

If he were governor, we’d be in better scal shape.
4. In nitive Mood: expresses an action or state without reference to any subject. It can be the source of
sentence fragments when the writer mistakenly thinks the in nitive form is a fully-functioning verb.
When we speak of the English in nitive, we usually mean the basic form of the verb with “to” in front of it:
to go, to sing, to walk, to speak.
Verbs said to be in the in nitive mood can include participle forms ending in -ed and -ing. Verbs in the
in nitive mood are not being used as verbs, but as other parts of speech:
To err is human; to forgive, divine. Here, to err and to forgive are used as nouns.
He is a man to be admired. Here, to be admired is an adjective, the equivalent of admirable. It describes

the noun man.
He came to see you. Here, to see you is used as an adverb to tell why he came.
Verbs Tense
Modern English has six tenses, each of which has a corresponding continuous tense.
The rst three tenses, present, past, and future, present few problems. Only third person singular in the
present tense di ers in form:
Present tense of regular (weak) verbs:
Today I walk. Today he walks.
Yesterday I walked.
Tomorrow I shall/will walk.
The dwindling class of irregular (strong) verbs must be learned individually.
Today I go. Today he goes.
Yesterday I went.
Tomorrow I shall/will go.
The other three tenses, perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect, are formed with the helping verbs have,
has, and had.
perfect: used to express an event that has just nished, and to describe an event which, although in the
past, has e ects that continue into the present.
Queen Elizabeth has reigned for 56 years.
pluperfect (past perfect): used to express an event that took place before another action, also in the past.
I had driven all the way to Oklahoma when I realized my mistake.
future perfect: used to express an event that will have taken place at some time in the future.
As of February 26, I shall have been in this job six years.
For complete conjugation tables of weak and strong English verbs, see the Wikipedia article.
Adverbs
Adverbs are used to describe or modify a verb, adjective, clause, or another adverb. Basically, they modify
everything except nouns and pronouns (which are modi ed by adjectives).
Example of an adverb modifying a verb: He was running fast. (fast modi es running)
Example of an adverb modifying an adjective: She took a very small piece of the cake. (very modi es small)
Example of an adverb modifying a sentence: Strangely, the man left the room. (strangely modi es the
whole sentence)
Usually adverbs answer to the questions “When?” (adverbs of time), “Where?” (adverbs of place), and
“How?” (adverbs of manner).
Adverbs can also be used to connect clauses and sentences (in this case they are called conjunctive
adverbs).
For example: It was dark. Therefore, we needed the torch. (therefore connects the two sentences)
Prepositions
Prepositions are used to link nouns and pronouns to other words within a sentence. The words linked to
are called objects.
Usually prepositions show a spatial or temporal relationship between the noun and the object, like in the
example below:
The cat is under the table.
Cat is the noun. Under is the preposition. Table is the object.
Here is a list with the most common prepositions: about, above, after, among, around, along, at, before,
behind, beneath, beside, between, by, down, from, in, into, like, near, of, o , on, out, over, through, to, up,
upon, under, and with.
Notice that you can also have a prepositional phrase, which is formed by the preposition and its object. A
preposition phrase can function as adverb, adjective or noun. For example:
The dog was running under the rain.
The prepositional phrase “under the rain” acts as an adverb, specifying where the dog was running.
Conjunctions
A conjunction joins words and groups of words.
There are two classes of conjunction: co-ordinate or coordinating and subordinate or subordinating.
Co-ordinate conjunctions: and, but, either…or, neither…nor.
Subordinate conjunctions: that, as, after, before, since, when, where, unless, if.
Mother and Father are driving me to New Orleans. (and is a coordinate conjunction joining words of equal
signi cance in the sentence.
I painted the walls but Jack painted the woodwork. (but is a coordinate conjunction joining clauses of equal
signi cance in the sentence. Either clause could stand alone as a sentence.)
Since you can’t get away, we’ll go without you.

(Since is a subordinate conjunction joining a less important thought to a more important thought. The
main clause, we’ll go without you, can stand alone as a complete thought. The subordinate clause, Since
you can’t get away, is an incomplete thought. It is dependent upon the main clause for meaning.)
Note: The relative pronouns who, whom, which, and that are used in the same way that subordinate
conjunctions are. The di erence is that the relative pronouns serve three purposes at once:
1) they stand for a noun in the main clause

2) they connect the clauses
3) they serve as a subject or object word in the subordinate clause:
He is the man who invented the hula hoop. (who stands for man and is the subject of invented)
Charles is the boy whom the other children tease. (whom stands for boy and is the object of tease)
Give me the piece of string that is waxed. (that stands for string and is the subject of is waxed)
There goes the horse which won the Derby. (which refers to horse and is the subject of won)
The possessive adjective whose can also be used to join clauses:

That’s the bird whose plumage I admire. (whose refers to bird and describes plumage)
Interjections
Interjection comes from from a Latin word that means “throw between.” It’s a word or phrase that is
thrown into a sentence to express an emotion:
Goodness, how you’ve grown!

Darn, I forgot my lunch!
Alas, will he never return?
All the impolite expressions that we call expletives are interjections.
Strictly speaking, an interjection is not a part of speech. It serves no grammatical function but is rather “a
noisy utterance like the cry of an animal” (F.J. Rahtz). Interjections express feeling or emotion, not thought
and have been called “the miserable refuge of the speechless.”
If you’ve ever stood lunch duty on a high school campus, you know just how vapid conversation can be
when larded with meaningless interjections.
Want to improve your English in 5 minutes a day? Click here to subscribe and start receiving our writing
tips and exercises via email every day.
Recommended Articles for You
Subscribe to Receive our Articles and Exercises via Email
You will improve your English in only 5 minutes

per day, guaranteed!
Subscribers get access to our archives with 800+

interactive exercises!
You'll also get three bonus ebooks completely free!
T R Y IT FR E E N O W
93 Responses to “English Grammar 101: All You Need to Know”
rachel on August 26, 2008 4:09 pm
Thanks for this great overview. No matter how many times I review grammar basics, there’s always
something I haven’t quite gotten the hang of.
Warren S on August 26, 2008 8:11 pm
Thank you. I loved this so much I am turning it into a poster for my o ce wall.
Sally, Snappy Sentences on August 26, 2008 9:30 pm
Wonderful! I’m going to forward this to my workmates.
Flotoonie on August 27, 2008 12:54 am
Excellent! I am an english teacher but of the generation that somehow missed learning grammar . Yes,
there are many of us out there (can you imagine that?). This is exactly what I have only just recently
realised I needed. Thankyou.
–Deb on August 27, 2008 1:16 am
Wow. Just … wow. What a fantastic post–pretty much everything you really need to know, all in one,
handy spot.
Young on August 27, 2008 12:26 pm
Hi, Daniel, I think you will be a great teacher if you want to be.
Matt on August 27, 2008 2:17 pm

I have a problem with Plural Nouns, irregular rule #6 — “oo” words become “ee” words in the plural. That
works for the example given, “foot” becomes “feet”, but not for a host of other examples that came to
mind: boot, hoop, tool, fool, etc. I think it’s incorrect to call it a rule.
Raymond Chua on August 27, 2008 2:46 pm
Very well written. I’ll share this post with my students.
sad man on August 27, 2008 8:24 pm
what is wft, ro , s , lol, i cant nd them in any dictionary.
chris on August 27, 2008 8:32 pm
me love good grammar guy. hulk smash!
Sorted Phil on August 27, 2008 8:40 pm
Greta article.
Cool, classy, concise.
Yuen on August 27, 2008 9:38 pm
I print this post to PDF to read it daily for writing tips.
Brandon on August 28, 2008 12:45 am
Great post, very good info
I’m bookmarking it, thanks again
Edwin on August 28, 2008 4:05 am
“Just ask to a friend…” is that a typo in the rst sentence??
Mayor of Kentonville on August 28, 2008 6:21 am
Thank you, very interesting article
Ken on August 28, 2008 4:46 pm
WHAT? Not a word about dangling participles? Ok I’ll explain it:

A dangling modi er is one that does not actually modify the subject that it follows. The object it modi es
is found in the sentence but it is not followed by the modi er.
“One morning I shot an elephant in my pajamas. How he got into my pajamas I don’t know.”
Though, logically, the person making the statement would have been wearing the pajamas, the line plays
on the grammatical possibility that the elephant was wearing his pajamas, owing to its misplaced
modi er.
Mark on August 28, 2008 5:49 pm
Excellent!!
tova teitelbaum on August 29, 2008 7:54 am
Ecellent. I am astounded how little college students know about grammar and the role it plays in
comprehension and precise communication
Prof. Grammar on August 30, 2008 1:28 am
The claim is made here that “Understanding the basic grammar rules is essential for communicating
e ciently, but most of us have forgotten those concepts years ago.” Not quite true. We humans are born
with an instinct for picking up thousands of grammar rules unconsciously, and thus, by the time we are 6
or 7, before we attend school, we verbally communicate nearly perfectly with friends and family. No rules
have been consciously learned, and these “wired-in” rules are never forgotten. What the author means, I
think, is that it is interesting and fruitful to spend time becoming consciously aware of the structure of
language in order to become more sophisticated users of it, especially when it comes to writing.
reza on August 31, 2008 2:57 pm
my name is reza

hello how are you
yes
Henry Cruz on September 01, 2008 8:22 am
Great stu ! I am not amazed that college students don’t know basic grammar. It’s an awful lot to store,
and isn’t that why they made great sites like this…to dust o the brain cells.
Henry Cruz
Robin Cooper on September 01, 2008 1:14 pm
Nice post. You might want to change the possessive adjective classi cations slightly.
Nobody has said “thy” except when quoting the bible or similarly ancient material for a long time. Make it
“your” instead.
Lord Allen on September 04, 2008 1:58 pm
This is great! Thanks! This will help me in my writing career. It’s sad to know that there are still teachers
that don’t know what they are teaching. For example, I had a teacher who said that you should use “A” if
the rst letter of the succeeding word is a consonant and “An” if the rst letter of the succeeding word is a
vowel. But that’s not always the case. You don’t say “a hour”, right?
She needs enlightenment, Danielle. LOL.
David Porter on September 05, 2008 8:12 pm
What a wonderful resource. You should o er it as a .pdf somewhere on your blog.
I suspect this, with a few properly placed commercials, might make its way around the web and bring
additional value to your blog.
It seems too valuable to leave trapped in this post.
prosper on September 09, 2008 10:24 am
give me the verbs to be with all tences and pronous
Leah on September 09, 2008 3:21 pm
This page has been quite informative however, I still have a question. Is “If I were you, I would go.” always
correct? Is there ever a case where one would say “If I was you…”?
Abraham Mano on September 27, 2008 4:14 pm
Excellent ! Clear and concise. This article provides very useful information. Thanks a lot ! – Abraham
mel on October 02, 2008 10:01 am
hi to all the grammarian out there! I’m a 2nd year student,majoring English May I ask you to kindly make a
response on my research paper ? I have to nd any problem with has a concern in grammar and nd also
an answer on that particular problem..for example, we de ned verb that is denotes a state of being but
how come that the verb in this sentence denotes a state of being?
mel on October 02, 2008 10:10 am
hi to all the grammarian out there! May I ask you to kindly make an answer to my research paper? I’m a
2nd college student, majoring English. I have to nd any problem that has a concern in grammar and give
an answer to that particular problem. for example,
She is beautiful.
We de ned verb that is denotes a state of being. But how come that “is” in that sentence denotes a state
of being?
I will appreciate any help that you can give to me …Thank you in advance.
vicky on October 04, 2008 8:17 am
thank you so much. you really educate me.
am lacking behind before but now there is improvement even my teacher com rm it.
Christian on October 07, 2008 7:59 am
Thank you for sharing information!
ning on October 22, 2008 7:32 am
I would like to say that grammar is very important to improve our skill especially in writing and speaking.
wasseem on November 04, 2008 11:33 pm
really ,I am happy for that ,I like studying english ,I am learning now in special institute ,until now oky, I
need to practice more and speak too ,I have dreamt for along time to visit UK or USA maybe that
impossible for many reasons : rst money……
I would like to be your friend from that web,I don’t know if you expect me,by the way I have nished 3rd
level in syria,
am I good ?
thank you….
for your eforts
Atif Elahi on November 09, 2008 5:29 pm
the way grammar is written,and the sequence especially of it ,is intresting.it’s enough for urgent learners
that every thing is right here…………..thankx
cutie on November 09, 2008 11:07 pm
this really helped me with my english thankyou for helping i used to have a 36% now i have an 92%
thanks bye bye
jumarno on November 21, 2008 4:27 am
this resume can be one of my reference to learn and teach english
v.s.yogeetha on December 12, 2008 10:01 am
This is very useful for each and every individual to improve the lanuguage skills. It is very healthy stu for
the teachers, students and for other members. I have con dent that i can speak english uently.
Antash on January 02, 2009 11:51 am
Really very good article and a piece no a huge piece of good grammaticle information.
Thanks for the info.
lillie on January 04, 2009 11:00 pm
this helpes me alot for my english homework.

it also helped me study for a test.
shannon on February 06, 2009 12:27 pm
i hate greammar but i love to write!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Saif on February 20, 2009 8:40 am
Can anyone help me in knowing: when you write a letter, in salutation, can we use capital A for All.
Example: Dear All.
Sanjoy on April 13, 2009 4:26 pm
I feel very intersting to speak English.
Kassie on April 19, 2009 1:14 am
Thnx sooo much…this really helped me!
Maria on April 19, 2009 7:27 am
Thnx…this really helped me on my homework and made my studying and test results alot better…thnx
again…
melissa on May 04, 2009 9:30 am
Hello. I’m interesting about the English Grammar’s because i want to improve my skill and Help me how
to improve my.speaking,writing, listening. thank you so much. please reply me.
Khaleel Ahmed on June 14, 2009 9:09 am
It is very useful and brusy up my memories.
Thank you very much for your article
Christine Segal on June 14, 2009 1:06 pm
Which is correct?
This is photo of Mike and I, at the beach
or
This is a photo of Mike and me, at the beach.
Rod on July 01, 2009 3:46 pm
This is the kind of stu we need to know to avoid English teaching myths at least in my country
We call it spanglish
Newer Comments »
Leave a comment:
Name (required) :
Email address (required) :
Website URL :
Speak your mind :
POST COMMENT
Copyright © 2017 Daily Writing Tips . All Right Reserved HOME ADVERTISE ARCHIVES ABOUT CONTACT PRIVACY POLICY

English Grammar 101 - All You Need To Know

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

English Grammar 101 - All You Need To Know

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

10/8/2018 English Grammar 101: All You Need to Know

HOME POPULAR SUBSCRIBE

Understanding the basic grammar rules is essential for communicating

Complete sentences need both the subject and the predicate.

Clauses Fiction Writing Freelance Writing

Sentences can be broken down into clauses. General Grammar

Sammy hit a home run.

Run is a noun, direct object of hit.

You mustn’t run near the swimming pool.

Run is a verb, part of the verb phrase must (not) run.

Here is a list with the di erent types of nouns:

Plural Form of Nouns

The other two cases of the regular plural form are:

Example: I am going to the bank while he is going to the market.

Example: The ball was going to hit me in the face.

Example of possessive adjective: This is my car.

Example: I managed to cut myself in the kitchen.

Example: What are the odds?

Example of a demonstrative determiner: This house is ugly.

Example: Everyone is going to the party.

For example: The black cat climbed a tree.

Notice that the verb participle forms can be used as adjectives:

The man felt a paralyzing fear.

Adjective Classi cations

qualitative: good, bad, happy, blue, French

Inde nite Article

The inde nite article has two forms:

An is used before words beginning with a vowel sound:

English has three kinds of Verbs: transitive, intransitive, and incomplete.

The farmer grows potatoes. Elvis sang ballads.

Corn grows. Elvis sang.

Both transitive and intransitive verbs are action verbs.

i. being verbs – also called linking or copulative verbs

He feels depressed. He is depressed.

ii. auxiliary verbs – also called helping verbs

iii. semi-auxiliary verbs

Active Voice: the subject of the sentence performs the action:

His son catches y balls. Creative children often dream in class.

Passive Voice: the subject receives the action:

The ball was caught by the rst baseman.

1. Indicative Mood: expresses an assertion, denial, or question:

Little Rock is the capital of Arkansas.

2. Imperative Mood: expresses command, prohibition, entreaty, or advice:

Don’t smoke in this building.

3. Subjunctive Mood: expresses doubt or something contrary to fact.

If I should see him, I will tell him.

Americans are more likely to say:

If I see him, I will tell him.

The verb may can be used to express a wish:

May you have many more birthdays.

If I were you, I wouldn’t keep driving on those tires.

He is a man to be admired. Here, to be admired is an adjective, the equivalent of admirable. It describes

Present tense of regular (weak) verbs:

Today I walk. Today he walks.

Tomorrow I shall/will walk.

The dwindling class of irregular (strong) verbs must be learned individually.

Today I go. Today he goes.

Tomorrow I shall/will go.

Queen Elizabeth has reigned for 56 years.

I had driven all the way to Oklahoma when I realized my mistake.

As of February 26, I shall have been in this job six years.

The cat is under the table.

Cat is the noun. Under is the preposition. Table is the object.