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Deep 1
Project 1
APOLLO 11
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CONTENTS:
1 - Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………… 3
3 - Apollo 11 Achievements……………………………………………………………………. 7
4 - Conclusion ..………………………………………………………………………………… 9
6 - References .………………………………………………………………………………… 11
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1 - Introduction:
This project discusses the importance, immediate and long-term impacts of Apollo 11
spacecraft with the mission of take the first man to the moon also collect lunar material and start
analyses and studies about the Moon. NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
encharged Commander Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot Michael Collins and Lunar
Module Pilot Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin with the aim of be carried aboard Apollo 11 to fulfill the
mission.
Also this project analyses the facts which occurred and gives informations about Apollo
11.
2 - The History:
The end of World War II was marked by tension between the two most powerful
countries at that moment, the United States of America and the Soviet Union.
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United States of America started a policy of “containment” against the Soviet Union due to the
USSR was considered a country with “expand tendencies”. The majority of Americans agreed
with the government of U.S. which the best defence was a policy of vigilance. By this time a big
rivalry between U.S. and the Soviet Union started and that was called Cold War. (The History
The Cold War extended to Space, the Space Race was started. The Space Race was a
competition which would prove superiority and supremacy of those countries on technology and
space exploration. Whereas a lots of technology was improved in this period because of the
On the beginning of the competition, the USSR was in front of US because they had a
lots of spaces achievements. The Soviet Union launched the world’s first artificial satellite to
space in 1957, called Sputinik and in 1957 they launched the first dog in the space, Laika, in the
Sputinik 2. But in 1958, the United States launched their own satellite, called Explorer I, which
was designed by the U.S. army and in the same a public order was signed by the President of the
(NASA). In 1961 John F. Kennedy predicted that the United States would land the first man on
the moon by the end of the decade. (The History Channel website, 2013)
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2.3 Apollo missions
The first Apollo mission was conducted by NASA in 1966 with the goal of test the
structural of the spacecraft, but a tragedy happened because a fire broke out and three astronauts
were killed in the fire. After that in 1968 Apollo 7 was forged and successfully tested after
orbiting the Earth. In the same year, Apollo 8 took and return three astronauts to the dark side of
the moon. In 1969 Apollo 9 tested the lunar module in the Earth orbit and Apollo 10 took the
first complete spacecraft around the moon. (The History Channel website, 2013)
2.4 Apollo 11
Launched in July 16, 1969 Apollo 11 took off from Kennedy Space Center manned by
the astronauts commander Neil Armstrong, lunar module pilot Edwin (“Buzz”) Aldrin Jr and
Michael Collins aboard. Since the launch all the expedition was transmitted by television and
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people could watch around the world. Apollo 11 travelled 240,000 miles in 76 hours for enter
into a lunar orbit on July 19. The following day, the lunar module Eagle, piloted by Armstrong
and Aldrin, separated from the command module Columbia, where Collins remained. After two
hours, the Eagle started to descends toward the lunar surface, and the craft touched the
Figure 2. Eagle.
During the landing, Aldrin deployed the Early Apollo Scientific Experiments Package,
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3 - Apollo 11 Achievements:
Figure 4. Moon exploration: Aldrin walking on the Moon, July 20, 1969.
Apollo 11 completed the mission set by John F Kennedy, which was perform a crewed
lunar landing and return to Earth safely, as well as the successful mission decreed the end of the
Space Race. The flight also realized the scientific objectives as deployment of a television
camera to transmit signals to Earth; and deployment of a solar wind composition experiment,
seismic experiment package and a Laser Ranging Retroreflector. During the exploration, Aldrin
and Armstrong were to gather samples of lunar-surface materials and take a photograph of the
After Apollo 11 the astronauts began to be American heroes not only for the U.S. nation
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but also for the world and the United States proved them supremacy.
For some scientists the most important application of the spatial science was the
invention of the GPS (Global Positioning System), which can give a location anywhere around
the planet. The equipment that Neil Armstrong used for perforate the moon rocks, opened the
way for the development of wireless devices. Heart monitors for verify the astronauts health
today are being used in hospitals even as contact lens that was developed to protect the
astronaut’s eyes against the Ultraviolet radiation. Other ver applicable invention was the teflon,
which was used for protect the rockets and the dry food that the astronauts eats.
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4 - Conclusion:
It is certain that Apollo 11 changed and generated a huge impact in the world in that
moment. The end of the Space Race and the American supremacy are two excellent examples
that the scenario of that moment changed, because the world was divided between two blocks the
Apollo 11 could took and return three men alive to the moon, was one of the most
importants achievement of humanity, as well as after it, studies about the Moon could be more
precisely, it brings a lot of technological improvements and instigated more researches about
spatial development.
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5 - Table of figures
Figure 1. Apollo 11: crew of Apollo 11. In (Encyclopædia Britannica). Retrieved from
http://www.britannica.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/EBchecked/media/127215/The-crew-of-Apollo-1
1-Neil-Armstrong-Michael-Collins-and
http://www.britannica.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/EBchecked/media/59951/Grumman-built-Apollo-
11-lunar-module-Eagle-with-its-four
Figure 3. Aldrin, Buzz: boot print on lunar soil. [Photograph]. In Encyclopædia Britannica.
Retrieved from
http://www.britannica.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/EBchecked/media/73230/Cohesiveness-of-lunar-s
oil-demonstrated-qualitatively-in-a-crisply-defined
Figure 4. Moon exploration: Aldrin walking on the Moon, July 20, 1969. [Photograph]. In
http://www.britannica.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/EBchecked/media/71580/US-astronaut-Edwin-Al
drin-walking-on-the-Moon-July-20
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6 - References:
Apollo 11. (2009). In National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Retrieved from
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo11.html
Apollo 11. (2013). The History Channel website. Retrieved 11:44, September 25, 2013, from
http://www.history.com/topics/apollo-11.
The Space Race. (2013). The History Channel website. Retrieved 11:49, September 25, 2013,
from http://www.history.com/topics/space-race
Armstrong walks on moon. (2013). The History Channel website. Retrieved 11:49, September
http://www.britannica.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/EBchecked/topic/1556747/Apollo-11
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