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#4.

Problem
A 300mm x 400mm RC
column is reinforced with six 400mm
28mmØ vertical bars, three 200mm 200mm

bars in each 300mm face.

3-28mm
300mm
Effective concrete cover is 60

3-28mm
PC Pb

mm. f’c = 21 MPa and fy = 415


MPa. Consider bending about 60 140 140 60
the stronger axis. Pb

1. Determine the nominal axial εy=fy/Es


eb
strength at balanced strain 0.003
condition. cb
ab
2. Calculate the corresponding
0.85f’c
nominal flexural strength at
balanced strain condition. T C CS

3. Find the eccentricity at


balanced strain condition.
LOAD-MOMENT INTERACTION DIAGRAM
SHORT COLUMNS
UNDER
AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING
Pu
h

e
b

AVAILABLE SOLUTIONS:
 1. By Analytical Method: Use of Strain
Compatibility Solution.
 2. By existing formula: ACI 318-63.

 3. By Column Interaction Diagram


#1. Problem
A 300mm x 400mm RC column is reinforced
with 6 – 28mmØ vertical bars, three bars in
each 300mm face. Effective concrete cover is
60 mm. f’c = 21 MPa and fy = 415 MPa.
Consider bending about the stronger axis. Use
column interaction diagram.

 1. Determine the axial strength of column


for eccentricity of loading of 150 mm.
 2. What is the corresponding flexural
strength of the column?
For
γ = 0.70,
φ = 0.70
and
fy = 415
MPa Pu
K
f 'c bh
0.70Pn
0.47 
21(300)400
Pn  1692 kN
Pn  0.65(1692)
 1100 kN
Mn  Pn (e)
 1100(0.15)
0.47  165.0 kN-m
1. Strain compatibility (exact) solution yields
 Pn  1079 kN
 Mn  161.9 kN-m
c  268.47 mm
2. Whitney’s Formula from ACI 318-63.
e  e A f 
when b, b t f
Pn  s y
 c
e 3te
 0.5  1.18
which yields d  d d 2

 Pn  1080 kN
 Mn  162.0 kN-m
#2. Problem
A 300mm x 400mm RC column is reinforced
with 6 – 28mmØ vertical bars, three bars in
each 300mm face. Effective concrete cover is
60 mm. f’c = 21 MPa and fy = 415 MPa.
Consider bending about the stronger axis. Use
column interaction diagram.
 1. For eccentricity of loading of 400 mm,
determine the axial strength of column.
 2. What is the corresponding flexural
strength of the column?
For
γ = 0.70,
φ = 0.70
and
fy = 415
MPa
Pu
K
f 'c bh
0.70Pn
0.22 
21(300)400
Pn  792 kN
Pn  0.65(792)
 514.8 kN
Mn  Pn (e)
 514.8(0.40)
 205.9 kN-m

0.22
1. Strain compatibility (exact) solution yields
 Pn  501.0 kN
 Mn  200.4 kN-m
c  181.86 mm
2. Formula from ACI 318-63.
when e  eb ,
 e   e   
2
 d   e   


Pn  0.85fc bd    1  1   2 m 1    
 d  d   d  d 

where
  As / bd which yields
e  eccentricity of load from As
 Pn  505.2 kN
m  fy / 0.85fc
 Mn  202.1 kN-m
m  m  1
#3. Problem
A 300mm x 400mm RC column is reinforced
with 4 – 32mmØ vertical bars positioned with
an effective concrete cover of 60 mm. f’c = 21.8
MPa and fy = 415 MPa. Use column interaction
diagram.
Po
 1. Determine the nominal
axial strength at zero
eccentricity.
For
γ = 0.70,
φ = 0.70
and
fy = 415
MPa

0.94
Pu
K
f 'c bh
0.70Po
0.94 
21.8(300)400
Po  3513 kN
#3. Problem
A 300mm x 400mm RC column is reinforced
with 4 – 32mmØ vertical bars positioned with
an effective concrete cover of 60 mm. f’c = 21.8
MPa and fy = 415 MPa. Use column interaction
diagram. Pnx

 2. Calculate the nominal


axial strength at
eccentricity of 160
mm from the
stronger axis only.
For
γ = 0.70,
φ = 0.70
and
fy = 415
MPa h 280
 
h 400
 0.70
Pu
K
f 'c bh
0.70Pnx
0.41 
21.8(300)400
Pnx  1532 kN

0.41
#3. Problem
A 300mm x 400mm RC column is reinforced
with 4 – 32mmØ vertical bars positioned with
an effective concrete cover of 60 mm. f’c = 21.8
MPa and fy = 415 MPa. Use column interaction
diagram.
 3. What is the nominal Pny
axial strength at
eccentricity of 90 mm
from the weaker axis
only?
For
γ = 0.60,
φ = 0.70
and
fy = 415
MPa  h  180
h 300
 0.60
Pu
K
f 'c bh
0.70Pny
0.475 
21.8(300)400
Pnx  1775 kN

0.475
#3. Problem
A 300mm x 400mm RC column is reinforced
with 4 – 32mmØ vertical bars positioned with
an effective concrete cover of 60 mm. f’c = 21.8
MPa and fy = 415 MPa. Use column interaction
diagram.
Pn
 4. Determine the
nominal axial
strength at
eccentricity of 160
mm from the stronger
axis and 90 mm from
the weaker axis at
the same time.
SHORT COLUMNS UNDER AXIAL LOAD
AND BI-AXIAL BENDING
Bresler’s Reciprocal Equation:
1 1 1 1
  
Pn Pnx Pny Po
1 1 1 1
  
Pn 1532 1775 3513
Pn  1074 kN

1. Strain compatibility (exact) solution yields


Pn  1051 kN
kx b  344.46 mm
ky h  407.25 mm
b
2 y
h Pn
ex
y
ex Pn
kx b ey
b
ty h x
ey 2

1 k y h
ky h
h x

ty
tx tx

k x b  344.457mm b

k y h  407.251 mm Section
  40.225 o
C  939.0 kN c  263 mm
f s 1  407.09 MPa S1  312.4 kN a  223.55 mm
f s 2  93.56 MPa S2  60.3 kN
fs 3  5.43 MPa S3  4.4 kN
f s 4  318.97 MPa S4  256.4 kN
Pn  1050.9 kN
Pn  1050.9 kN
kx b
 344.457mm

60mm
1 k y h
 346.163mm
  40.225 o ky h
 407.251mm

60mm
60mm 60mm

S2  60.3 kN
0.85fc

S1  312.4 kN

C  939.0 kN
S 3  4.4 kN
S 4  256.4 kN
END of LECTURE

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