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Invitation to Love
Clearly, one becomes a witness to a fact only upon observing something. The
Words of Allah (Kalam) being His Nur (Light), our souls were covered with Nur
at the time of that question. Also when light appears it expose!, that which is
around it. Therefore the Light of His Speech manifested to our souls the
Perfection, Beauty and Splendour of His Lordship along with our total
dependence on Him. At that time our spirits became intoxicated with love.
After our souls were drenched in Allah’s love by that overwhelming sight, we
were taken away from our abode in the spiritual plane and lodged upon this
earth to perform great feats of love. Here our souls were gifted with various
means to develop the gift of love. We were also gifted with the organs like
hearts, brains, eyes and other limbs to express love and to fulfill the
requirements of such love through servitude and obedience.
Then Allah informed those fortunate souls, who had firmly clung to their
pledge made in Heaven affirming that Allah is their Creator, about their hidden
treasures of love.
From amongst His entire creation Allah intended to choose mankind for His
love. He therefore gave human beings the form that reflects some of the
Divine qualities, and thus crowned mankind with a special honour:
with both His Hands. Meaning by both His powerful Attributes namely, the
Inward and the Outward, and He infused in it the spark of love.
As long as Iman (faith) is alive, the spark of love must of necessity he alive
also (love being a necessary pre-condition for Iman as stated previously). Even
in these times the spark of love surfaces occasionally in ordinary believers
and works wonders. Thousands willingly lay down their lives for the love of
Allah and His Prophet (sallallahu alaihe wa sallam). Though their other deeds
may fall short in fulfilling the requirements of love, due to the swaying of
their nafs and the influence of the Devil, their zeal makes it evident that at
least the emotions of love are still alive in them.
May Allahu ta’ala bless you with the lot of making progress in Hadrat
Muhammad’s Shariat and His attaching you to Himself in every respect! My
dear and understanding son! Everything which man encounters each day
comes to being with Allah’s willing and creating. So we should adapt our wills
to His Will! We should deem all the things we encounter as the things we have
been looking for, and should be pleased with having attained them! This is
what it means to be a slave. We should be so if we are slaves. Not to be so
would mean to refuse being a slave and to oppose our Owner.
Allahu ta’ala declares in a Hadith al-qudsi: “If anyone is not content with My
qada and qadar and disapproves of them and is not patient with the disasters
which I send, let him look for another Rab (Owner) besides Me. Let him not
stay on earth as a born slave of Mine!” Yes, the faqirs, the destitute, and many
people who lived under your protection were comfortable because you were
taking care of them and protecting them. They did not know what sorrow was.
Their real Owner will go on protecting them. And you will always be
remembered for your kindness. May Allahu ta’ala reward you abundantly for
your benevolence both in this world and in the next! I send my salam.
In essence, the goal of all the Tari-qahs is one and the same, namely to cure
spiritual maladies of the heart, elevate the spiritual status and ultimately gain
closeness to Allah; the dissimilarities of the various Tari-qahs mainly revolve
around the difference of approach towards achieving this objective.
Some Tari-qahs implement one set of spiritual exercises whilst other Tari-
qahs implement a different set of exercises. Some differences in spiritual
exercises stem from the differences of theMadha-hib of the Shuyu-kh of
each Tari-qah. Considering the fact that the Shuyu-kh of Tasawwufadhere
strictly to the letter of the law, each Tari-qah will differ in exercises of dhikr
as well. This will be discussed later. At present, it should suffice to
understand that this science pertains to the abstract metaphysical internal
element of the soul, thus there exists many seemingly unusual practices and
exercises prescribed by the Shuyu-kh to address such matters. These
exercises were implemented to kindle the burning love of Allah in the heart
cleansing it from the rust caused by the passions of the ephemeral Dunya and
all that towards which the lower self calls. Dhikr is the nourishment and
sustenance of the soul. Just as there are various types of food with varying
nutritional benefits, similarly, the various types of dhikr prescribed by
the Shuyu-kh affect the spirit of a person in diverse ways. The field
of Tasawwuf is usually likened to the field of medicine. Throughout history,
man has discovered cures to various physical maladies, so to have the Shuyu-
kh, the spiritual doctors, discovered cures for spiritual maladies. Some of the
practices and cures are mentioned in the Qur’a-n, some in the Ahadi-th, and
others have been discovered through the institution of tajrubah (personal
experience). Generation after generation, the Shuyu-kh of Tasawwufhave
dedicated their lives to this field, therefore, they know the effects of
various adhka-r upon the heart and soul. To those unfamiliar with Tasawwuf,
such exercises may seem extremely peculiar and unusual. It is
understandable for people to feel uncomfortable and queasy during their first
experience with such exercises. However, to repel this discomfort, one should
bear in mind that theShuyu-kh don’t claim that these adhka-r and spiritual
exercises are new forms of worship where it would be classified as an
innovation (bid‘ah) in Di-n. Only those bereft of the understanding of Fiqhand
the subtleties of Di-n make such professions. These spiritual prescriptions
should be seen and regarded as a form of treatment (tada-wi-) for the
sicknesses of the heart. Just as the physical body must be put through certain
therapeutic exercises for the benefit and rejuvenation of the body, so to do
the Shuyu-kh put the spiritual patient under various exercises to strengthen
and treat the soul.
From this Hadith we come to know that there is an extremely high spiritual
position known as Ihsa-n. The question that arises is that how does a person
reach such a status. The next question that arises is to whom should one go
in order to learn how to attain it. If a person goes to a Muhaddith,his field and
preoccupation is to merely to tell the questioner whether the Hadith is Sahih,
Hasan, Dha‘if, how many chains of narration exist for the Hadi-th, and which
narrators transmitted theHadith etc. In regards to the meaning of the Hadith,
at best, they could offer only a literal translation. If a person goes to a Faqih,
he would only explain the various rulings that could be extracted from
the Hadith as it pertains to the external injunctions of the Shari‘ah. The Faqih
too could not advise the questioner how to attain such a status nor the reality
of such a position because such a question does not pertain to his field of
expertise. If a person wants to learn the reality of this spiritual position and
experience it, he will have to go to a person who has himself reached it. He
will have to go to such a person who has dedicated his life in perfecting his
internal attributes and character. Only that person who has already reached
the destination can direct the lost seeker to it. To acquire this state, some of
the Shuyukh advise the Murid to sit in solitude and absolute silence with full
concentration and in a state of wudhu, whilst closing his eyes, constantly
repeating and deeply pondering over the verse,
“Does he not know that Allah is watching”
Other peculiar forms of spiritual exercises include making loud dhikr with
bodily motion whether standing, as in the case of hadrah as performed by
the Shadhili-s, or sitting, as performed by theChishti-s. Other exercises include
certain breathing exercises like pa-s anfa-s as performed by theChishti-s and
various forms of mura-qabah (meditation) as done by the Naqshbandi-s etc.
Consequently, it will be permissible for the Shuyu-kh and Mu-ri-ds who follow
the Sha-fi‘i- Madhhab to participate in the hadrah. On the contrary, it will not
be permissible for the Shuyu-kh and Muri-ds of the Hanafi- Madhhab to
participate in the dancing or swaying of the hadrah since no form of dancing is
permitted in the Madhhab unless one is overtaken by an uncontrollable state
of ecstasy. It is for this reason that the majority of Shuyu-kh of the Ahna-f
prescribe a different form of dhikr that produces the same result and effect as
produced by the hadra. In the Chishti Tari-qah,the Shuyu-kh prescribe loud
dhikr of the Kali-mah, La Ila-ha illa Allah where the Muri-d sits and focuses his
concentration on his heart with his head turned towards the direction of his
heart. Then, with full devotion, absorption and zeal he recites La ilaaha (there
is no deity) while moving his head towards the back and left intending thereby
the negation and purging of everything other than Allah from the heart.
Thereafter, with full vigor and force, he recites illa Allah (except Allah) while
meditating that the love of Allah is flooding his heart. The similar effect of the
hadra,namely, that of purification of the heart and spiritual vigor is thus
produced which are some of the main ingredients for reviving the diseased
heart.
It is important to bear in mind that unfortunately, there has always existed
groups of self-centered, worldly motivated pseudo-Sufis who
misrepresented Tasawwuf and used some of the practices of the Sufis, not to
mention concocted some of their own, to suit their nafsa-ni- (selfish) desires.
Some of them feign being Sufis in order to gain fame and popularity, others to
engage in singing and dancing and others to earn money etc. It is from such
people that deviances began to crop up in this pristine and praiseworthy
science. Examples of their innovations include the Qawa-li where singing and
music are rampant under the guise of Dhikr, grave-worship where people
commit shirk by prostrating to the inmates of the grave, Sala-mi- where
people stand up to offer salutations upon Rasu-lullah (salallahu alayhi wa
sallam) with the belief that Rasu-lullah (salallahu alayhi wa sallam) visits the
gathering and other similar practices that have no real connection
withTasawwuf. Because of the existence of such perfidious people and their
impermissible practices, it has become a daunting task for sincere people
such as you to find a true Shaykh and Tari-qah.Every Tari-qah has these
imposters in their midst preying upon the ignorant masses; therefore, one
must be cautious as to who one takes as a Murshid (guide). You should ensure
that before taking formal bay‘ah to any Shaykh or entering into any Tari-qah,
that the Shaykh is a complete adherent of the Shari-‘ah and upholds its
dictates. Anyone who intentionally and openly breaks a single commandment
of the Shari-‘ah is not worthy to be a Shaykh. A qualified Shaykh is he whose
outward and inward appearance and actions conform to the Sunnah of Rasu-
lullah (salallahu alayhi wa sallam) . A pious and righteous Shaykh is he in
whose company a person feels the urge to act upon the dictates of
the Shari-‘ah not disregard them. We advise you to continuously makedu‘a- to
Allah Ta‘a-la- to guide you to a pious and upright Shaykh who will guide you in
the field ofTasawwuf. You should make Mashwarah with pious local ‘Ulama- if
any for their views on finding a genuine Shaykh. It is also important to
understand that aside from the Shaykh being firm upon theShari-‘ah, it is
imperative that one have some congeniality with the Shaykh so that one can
gain spiritual benefit from him. Without the existence of this congeniality and
amiability, it will be difficult to consult with one’s Shaykh and follow his
advices. Once you have found such a Shaykhwho is strict in adherence to
the Shari-‘ah and the Sunnah and you have an amicable relationship with him,
you should place all your trust in him and follow all of his instructions without
any doubt.Inshallah, in this manner you will ascend the stages of Tasawwuf
with relative ease and obtain your objective.
There are four matters, when the limits are transgressed with regards to
them, which harden the heart: food, sleep, speech and sexual intercourse. A
body afflicted by disease does not derive nourishment from food and water
and similarly a diseased heart does not benefit from admonishment or
exhortation.
Whosoever desires to purify his heart then let him give preference to Allaah
over his base desires.
The heart that clings to its base desires is veiled from Allaah in accordance to
the strength of its attachment to them. The hearts are the vessels of Allaah
upon His earth, hence the most beloved of them to Him are those that are
most tender, pure and resistant to deviation.
[A reference to the hadeeth, "Truly, Allaah has vessels from amongst the
people of the earth, and the vessels of your Lord are the hearts of his
righteous slaves, and the most beloved of them to Him are the softest and
most tender ones" and it is hasan.]
The transgressors preoccupied their hearts with the pursuit of this world. If
only they had preoccupied them with Allaah and seeking the Hereafter then
they would have instead reflected upon the meaning of His Words and His
Signs that are witnessed in creation. Their hearts would have returned to their
owners (in whose chests they reside) bestowing upon them marvellous
wisdom and pearls of benefit.
When the heart is nourished with dhikr, its thirst quenched with contemplation
and cleansed from corruption, it shall witness remarkable and wondrous
matters and be inspired with wisdom.
Not every individual who is endowed with knowledge and wisdom and dons its
robe is from among its people. Rather the People of Knowledge and Wisdom
are those who have infused life into their hearts by slaughtering their desires.
As for the one who has destroyed his heart and given precedence to his
desires then knowledge and wisdom are deprived from his tongue.
Yearning for Allaah and meeting Him is like a gentle breeze blowing upon the
heart, blowing away the blazing desire for this world. Whosoever causes his
heart to settle with his Lord shall find himself in a calm and tranquil condition
and whosoever sends it amongst the people shall be disturbed and
excessively perturbed. This is because the love of Allaah can never enter the
heart which contains love of this world until the camel passes through they
eye of a needle.
Therefore the most beloved servant to Allaah is the one who He places in His
servitude, who He selects for His Love, who He causes to purify his worship
for Him, who dedicates his life to Him, his tongue to His dhikr and his limbs to
His service.
The heart becomes sick as the body becomes sick and its cure lies in
repentance and seeking protection from evil.
It becomes naked as the body becomes naked and its adornment comes about
through taqwaa.
It becomes hungry and thirsty as the body becomes hungry and thirsty and its
hunger and thirst is satiated through knowledge, love, reliance, repentance
and servitude to Allaah.
Spiritual Transmission (Tawajjuh)
According to a hadith, one day the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam was
holding the hand of Hazrat ‘Umar (R). ‘Umar said to him, “O Allah’s Apostle!
You are dearer to me than everything except my own self.” The Prophet
sallallahu alaihi wasallam said, “No, by Him in whose hand my soul is, [you
will not have complete faith] until I am dearer to you than your own self.” Then
Hazrat ‘Umar (R) said to him, “However, now by Allah, you are dearer to me
than my own self.” The Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam said, “Now, O
‘Umar, [now you are a believer].” This was without doubt the result of
transmission.
The following incident was related by Hazrat Alja bin Ka’b (R). “When I was in
the mosque, a man came in and started to say his prayers. He recited the Holy
Qur’an in a manner that appeared incorrect to me. Then another man came in
and recited the Holy Qur’an in yet another way. I went to the Prophet
sallallahu alaihi wasallam and told him how these people had recited the
Qur’an. The Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam asked both men to recite the
Holy Qur’an and they did. The Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam then said that
both were right. My heart was filled with evil doubt that was even stronger
than that of the period of ignorance (jahiliyya). When the Prophet sallallahu
alaihi wasallam saw my state, he struck my breast with his hand. I started
perspiring profusely and my state of fear and awe was such that I felt I was
seeing God.
In addition to these examples, there are many other incidents that can be
cited as evidence of the effects of spiritual transmission. However, it is true
that spiritual transmission and spiritual affinity are not the real source of the
effect: God said (to Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wasallam), You do not guide
those whom you like, but Allah guides those whom he will. (Qur’an 28:56). The
attainment of the final goal is not possible without God’s grace, but through
guidance, following the sunnah, and the sayings, actions, company, and
spiritual attention of saints, shaykhs, and their deputies, it is not impossible
Rather, we are commanding you to sit in the company of our lovers, who are
busy in Our remembrance day and night. You are Our lover and so too are the
Sahabah. I am sending one lover of Mine to work on the spiritual reformation
and upliftment of My other lovers.
My Shaikh, Hazrat Shah Abdul Ghani Phoolpoori (RA) would say that Suhbat is
such an important aspect that the Nabi of Allah () is being commanded to have
patience and bear the difficulty upon his nafs. “No doubt, you are enjoying the
remembrance of My name in solitude, but if you remain in that condition, then
how will the Sahabah benefit from you? Therefore, you must come out of your
home and sit amongst those who are remembering Us in your Masjid and make
them Saheb-e-Nisbah through the method of prophethood which we have
granted you. It is through them that Islam will continue to spread throughout
the world”.
So my Shaikh used to say that if Suhbat was not necessary then why would
Allah have made his Beloved Nabi () undergo the hardship of making himself
accompany them patiently? Can one find comfort in applying such patience?
The implementation of patience is difficult but Allah Ta’ala had made this
patience sweet for Rasulullah () because he was not sending him in the
company of strangers but rather His lovers.
The purpose of my existence, The support of my life,
Is to live amongst Your lovers and die amongst Your lovers.
Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani rahmatullah alayhi brings home the necessity of a
Murshid in a beautiful metaphor. He says: “The heart is the plantation for the
Aakhirah (Hereafter). Sow the seeds of Imaan in your heart. Irrigate, fertilise
and mature it with regular good deeds. If there is kindness and energy in the
heart it will be fertile and an abundant harvest will result. Should the heart be
harsh and contemptuous, the soul becomes infertile and barren and no crop
will be able to grow. Learn this art of farming by its farmers/experts, the
Awliya Allah. Do not think your opinion to be sufficient. Our Prophet sallallahu
alayhi wa sallam says, `Seek help in every field from an expert in that field`”.
(Al-Fath-ur-Rabbani)
Maulana (religious teacher) Rumi could never have become Maula Rumi
(Spiritual Guide)
Once Maulana was engaged in loud Zikr in the Haram of Makkah, when some
person tried to prevent him from doing so, he recited the verse:
ومن اظلم ممن منع مساجد الله ان يذكر فيها اسمه وسعي في خرابها
“Who can be a greater oppressor than the person who prevents the Zikr of
Allah’s name in the Houses of Allah” 2:114