STANDARDS FIXED

and CONNECTIONS BASE

PRACTICES PLATES

APPENDIX EX

DESIGN EXAMPLE

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INC.
STANDARDS FIXED
and CONNECTIONS BASE
PRACTICES PLATES

DESIGN EXAMPLE

N d

cw
ed
bf
B

Eight Bolt Pattern

1. Column Dimensions: bf = 8”, tf = 5/16”, d = 20”, tw = 3/16”

Column Loading: M = 1500 “ - kips, P = 25 kips, V = 10 kips (due to wind - stress increase applies)
The Base Plate is grouted and does not have sheared edges.
The distance from the edge of the base plate to the nearest edge of the slab is 8".
F'c = 3 ksi

2. Determine Minimum Weld Sizes:

Assume that the base plate will be thicker than the flange or web.

Fc = |M| / (d-tf) + |P|/2 = |1500 in-k| / (20" - 5/16") + |25 k| / 2 = 88.69 k

Df = Fc / [2 bf (0.928 k/in/16 ) (1.33)] ≥ minimum from AWS D1.1, Table 5.8
th

Df = 88.69 k / [2 (8")(0.928 k/in/16 )(1.33)] = 4.49 (16 ) ≥ 3/16" min. (OK)

th ths

Use wf = 5/16"

ft = 0.6 Fy tw = 0.6 (50 ksi) (3/16") = 5.63 k/in

Dw1 (16 ) = ft / [2 (0.928 k/in/16 )] ≥ minimum from AWS D1.1, Table 5.8
ths th

Dw1 = 5.625 k/in / [2 (0.928 k/in/16 )] = 3.03 (16 ) ≥ 3/16" min. (OK)
th ths

Use ww1 = 3/16"

f = (V d)2 + (P t w A) =
2
(10k (
20") + 25k × 3 / 16" 8.63in 2
2
)
2
= 0.74 k/in
ths
Dw2 = f / [2 x 0.928 k/" x 1.33] = 0.74 / [2.468] = 0.30 (16 ) < 3/16" min. (NG)
Use ww2 = 3/16 in

3. Estimate Anchor Bolt Diameter:

ψ = (M/d - P/2) = (1500 in-k / 20" - 25 k / 2) = 62.5 k
0.5 0.5
db = 0.38 [ψ / (#bolts x1.33)] = 0.38 [62.5k / (8 x 1.33)] = 0.9210" use db = 1"

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PRACTICES PLATES
4. Determine Minimum Dimensions from Table A1 Based on Bolt Diameter:
dh = 1 5/16"
smin = 3"
ce = 1 1/2"
cw = 1 7/16"

5. Set Initial Plate Dimensions:

Bmin ≥ bf + 1 = 9 in

g = 2(cw + ww1) + tw ≥ smin

g = 2(1 7/16" + 3/16") + 3/16" = 3 7/16" round up to 4" > smin = 3" (OK)
Use g = 4 in

B = g + 2 ce = 4" + 2 (1 1/2") = 7" < Bmin (NG)

Use B = 9 in

p = 2(cw + wf) + tf + (dh - db) = 2(1 7/16" + 5/16") + 5/16" + (1 5/16" - 1") = 4 1/8" round up to 4 1/2"
Use p = 4 1/2 in

N = d - tf + p + 2 ce = 20" - 5/16" + 4 1/2" + 2 (1 1/2") = 27 3/16" round up to 28"

Use N = 28 in

ed = (N - d + tf - p) / 2 = (28" - 20" + 5/16" - 4 1/2") / 2 = 1 29/32" round to the nearest 1/8" inch
Use ed = 1 7/8 in > ce = 1.5" (OK)

6. Determine Equivalent Eccentricity:

e = M / P = 1500 in-k / 25 k = 60"
N / 2 = 14"
e > N/2 Þ Large Eccentricity

7. Determine Concrete Bearing Stress and Anchor Bolt Tension:

A2 = [B + 2(dist. to joint in slab)][N + 2(dist. to joint in slab)]
2
A2 = [9" + 2 (8")][28" + 2 (8")] = 1100 in
2
A1 = BN = 9 in x 28 in = 252 in
fc max = 0.35 f'c A 2 A 1 (1.33) ≤ 0.7 f'c (1.33)

fc max = 0.35 (3 ksi) 1100 in 2 252 in 2 (1.33) = 2.92 ksi > 0.7 (3 ksi) (1.33) = 2.79 ksi (NG)
Use fc max = 2.79 ksi

Solve Eq. C-3 for "a":

N' = N - ed - p/2 = 28" - 1 7/8" - (4 1/2") / 2 = 23.875"
0.5 0.5
Ec = 57 (F'c(psi)) = 57 (3000 psi) = 3122 ksi
n = Es / Ec = 29,500 ksi / 3122 ksi = 9.45
fs = 0.33 Fu (1.33) = 0.33 (58 ksi) (1.33) = 25.46 ksi

p = -3N' = -3(23.875) = -71.625

æ − 6 n öé æ N öù æ − 6 × 9.45 ö é æ 28 öù
q = çç ÷ êM + P ç N' − ÷ú = çç
÷ ÷÷ ê1500 + 25 ç 23.875 − ÷ú = −432.26
è B f s øë è 2 øû è 9 × 25.46 ø ë è 2 øû
r = -qN' = 432.26 (23.875) = 10,320.2

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PRACTICES PLATES
α = (3q - p ) / 3 = (3 x -432.26 - (-71.625) ) / 3 = -2142.3
2 2

β = (2p - 9pq + 27r) / 27 = [2 (-71.625) - 9 (-71.625)(-432.26) + 27 (10,320.2)] / 27 = -27,218.3

3 3

27β 2 27 ( −27,218.3) 2
φ = cos −1 = cos −1 = 0.7768 rad
− 4α 3 − 4 ( −2142.3) 3

0.5 0.5
x1 = 2 ( -α / 3) cos (φ/3) = 2 ( 2142.3 / 3) cos ( 0.7768 / 3) = 51.66
0.5 0.5
x2 = 2 ( -α / 3) cos (φ/3 + 2π/3) = 2 ( 2142.3 / 3) cos [( 0.7768 / 3) + (2π/3)] = -37.68
0.5 0.5
x3 = 2 ( -α / 3) cos (φ/3 + 4π/3) = 2 ( 2142.3 / 3) cos [( 0.7768 / 3) + (4π/3)] = -13.98

a1 = x1 - p/3 = 51.66 - (-71.625/3) = 75.54 in (NG)

a2 = x2 - p/3 = -37.68 - (-71.625/3) = -13.81 in (NG)
a3 = x3 - p/3 = -13.98 - (-71.625/3) = 9.90 in (OK)

Use a = 9.90 in

25.46 ksi × 9.90 in

fc =
fs a
= = 1.91 ksi < f c max (OK )
n (N'−a ) 9.45 (23.875 in − 9.90 in)

T = [(fc a B) / 2] - P = [(1.91 ksi)(9.90 in)(9 in) / 2] - 25 k = 60.09 k

8. Determine Shear Friction Capacity and Anchor Bolt Diameter:

µ = 0.55 (grout)
Vsf = (T + P) (µ / 2) = (60.09 k + 25 k) (0.55 / 2) = 23.40 k
Since Vsf > Vapplied, the entire shear load is resisted through friction and no bolts are in shear.

Fa = 19.14 ksi (x 1.33) = 25.46 ksi

2
Ab req'd = T / (# bolts in tension * Fa) = 60.99 k / (4 * 25.46 ksi) = 0.5989 in
db = (4 Ab / π) = 0.0.8732"
0.5

Use db = 1 in (this matches the estimate from step 2)

Note: The oversized holes used by VP require hardened washers.

9. Determine Base Plate Thickness:

For plate bending due to concrete bearing:
m = (N - 0.95 (d + 2wf/√2)) / 2 = (28" - 0.95(20" + 2(5/16) /√2)) / 2 = 4.29", a > m
2 2
Mp = (fc m / 6)[3 - (m/a)] = [(1.91 ksi)(4.29 in) / 6][3 - (4.29 in / 9.9 in)] = 15.04 in-k/in
0.5 0.5
tp = [8 Mp / (1.33 Fy)] = [8 (15.04 in-k/in) / (66.5 ksi)] = 1.345"

For plate bending due to anchor bolt tension:

m' = [(N - d) / 2] - ed - 0.707 wf = [(28" - 20") / 2] - 1 7/8" - 0.707 (5/16") = 1.90 in
Mp = Tm' / # bolt rows per flange = (60.09 k)(1.90") / 2 = 57.09 in-k

g = 4" > 2m' = 3.8" so b = 4m' = 4(1.90") = 7.60"

0.5 0.5
tp = [(8 Mp) / (Fyb (1.33))] = [(8 x 57.09"-k) / (50 ksi x 7.60" x 1.33)]
tp = 0.9506"

Use tp = 1 1/2 in

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PRACTICES PLATES
Check the "n" dimension:
Nmin = B - 0.8bf + 0.95d + 0.3wf/√2 = 9" - 0.8(8") + 0.95(20") + 0.3(5/16")/√2 = 21.67" < N = 28" (OK)
Bending in the "n" direction will not control.

10. Check Base Plate Welds

For VP welding processes, AWS D1.1-98 requires that the minimum weld size be based on the
thinner part joined. The original assumption in step 4 was that the flange and web would be thinner
than the base plate. Since this is true, the welds are properly designed.

USE BASE PLATE: B = 9 in x N = 28 in x tp = 1 1/2 in, with (8) 1"φ A36 Anchor Bolts and Hardened
Washers.

Column to Base Plate Welds

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