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LICENCIATURA EN LENGUA INGLESA

Theoretical Linguistics

Students:
Catalina Ladino
Alexander Oviedo

Text Analysis
Jairo Castañeda

Universidad de San Buenaventura

FECHA: Sep 28 – 2018


EXERCISE 3.2 – SYNTACTICAL ANALYSIS

Aesop's Fables: The Fox and the Lion


When first the Fox saw the Lion he was terribly frightened, and ran away and hid
himself in the wood. Next time however he came near the King of Beasts he stopped at
a safe distance and watched him pass by. The third time they came near one another
the Fox went straight up to the Lion and passed the time of day with him, asking him
how his family were, and when he should have the pleasure of seeing him again; then
turning his tail, he parted from the Lion without much ceremony.

SYNTACTICAL ANALYSIS:
We will start with these two sentences:

S1: When first the Fox saw the Lion


S2: he was terribly frightened, and ran away and hid himself in the wood

S1 S2

AdvP NP VP NP VP

Adv adv det noun verb NP pron VP1 VP2 VP3


When first the Fox saw det noun he verb. Adj P verb AdvP verb NP PP NP
the Lion, was adv adj conj adv conj hid pron prep det nou
terribly frightened and away and himself in the wood
ran
S3: Next time however he came near the King of Beasts
S4: he stopped at a safe distance and watched him pass by.

S
S3 S4

Adj P AdvP NP VP NP VP

adj noun Adv pronoun verb PP pron VP1 VP2 VP3

Next time however he came prep NP prep NP he verb PP NP verb NP verb


near det noun of noun stopped prep det adj noun conj watched pro

The King Beast at a safe distance and him

pass by

S5: The third time they came near one another

S5

Adj P NP VP
Det adj noun pronoun verb PP
The third time they came prep NP
near pronoun
one another
S6: The Fox went straight up to the lion and passed the time of the day with him

S6

NP VP
Det Noun VP1 conjunct VP2
The Fox verb AdvP PP and verb NP PP1 PP2
went straight up prep NP passed det noun prep pronoun
to det noun the time prep NP with him

the lion of det noun


the day

S7: the Fox was asking him how his family were and when he should have the pleasure of seeing
him again.

S7

NP(not mentioned) VP

The fox Aux verb(not mentioned) Verb NP Adv P1 conjunct AdvP2


was asking pronoun adverb VP1
him how and
NP Aux verb
Pronoun noun were
his family
Adv P2

Adv NP VP
When pronoun modal aux aspectual aux NP PP

he should have det. noun prep Adv P


the pleasure of NP adv
noun pronoun
seeing him again

S8: then turning his tail

S8
Adv P VP
Adverb verb NP

Then turning pronun noun


his tail

S9: He parted from the lion without much ceremony.

S9

NP VP
Pronoun verb PP1 PP2
He parted prep NP prep AdjP
from det noun adj noun
the lion without much ceremony
PHONETICAL ANALYSIS:
VOICE RECORD:
Catalina Ladino: https://vocaroo.com/i/s1BwLGBs0KS3
Alexander Oviedo: https://vocaroo.com/i/s1nk4qx9Dg3B

wɛn fɜrst ðə fɑks sɔ ðə ˈlaɪən hi wʌz ˈtɛrəbli ˈfraɪtənd, ænd ræn əˈweɪ ænd hɪd hɪmˈsɛlf ɪn ð
ə wʊd. nɛkst taɪm ˌhaʊˈɛvər hi keɪmnɪr ðə kɪŋ ʌv bists hi stɑpt æt ə seɪf ˈdɪstəns ænd wɑʧt
hɪm pæs baɪ. ðə θɜrd taɪm ðeɪ keɪm nɪr wʌn əˈnʌðər ðə fɑks wɛnt streɪtʌp tu ðə ˈlaɪən ænd
pæst ðə taɪm ʌv deɪ wɪð hɪm, ˈæskɪŋ hɪm haʊ hɪz ˈfæməli wɜr, ænd wɛn hi ʃʊd hæv ðə ˈplɛ
ʒər ʌv ˈsiɪŋ hɪməˈgɛn; ðɛn ˈtɜrnɪŋ hɪz teɪl, hi ˈpɑrtəd frʌm ðə ˈlaɪən wɪˈθaʊt mʌʧ ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni
.

MORPHOLOGYCAL ANALYSIS:

Morphological analysis:

When first the Fox saw the Lion he was terribly frightened, and ran away and hid
himself in the wood. Next time however he came near the King of Beasts he stopped at
a safe distance and watched him pass by. The third time they came near one another
the Fox went straight up to the Lion and passed the time of day with him, asking him
how his family were, and when he should have the pleasure of seeing him again; then
turning his tail, he parted from the Lion without much ceremony.
Saw:
See – saw: Inflection tense

Was:
be – was: Inflection, tense

Terribly
Terrible – terribly: Derivation, word class, adjective to adverb

Frightened:
Fright – frightened: Derivation, word class, noun to adjective
Ran:
Run –ran: Inflection tense
Hide:
Hide –hid: Inflection tense

Himself
Him- himself: Inflection, object pronoun to reflexive pronoun

Came:
Come – came: Inflection tense

Beasts:
Beast – beasts: Inflection, singular to plural

Stopped:
Stop – stopped: Inflection tense

Watched:
Watch – watched: Inflection tense

Came:
Come – came: inflection tense

Went:
Go – went: inflection tense

Passed:
Pass – passed: inflection tense

Asking:
Ask – asking: inflection tense
Were:
Be – were: inflection tense

Seeing:
See – seeing: derivation of noun (verb to noun). Word class change!

Turning:
Turn – turning: inflection tense

Parted:
Part – parted: inflection tense

Without:
With – without: derivation. Change of meaning.

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