Introduction

The Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s) are eight goals with measurable targets and clear
deadlines for improving the lives of the world's poorest people set by the 189 UN member states
in September 2000 and agreed to be achieved by the year 2015 and commit the international
community to an expanded vision of poverty reduction and pro-poor growth, one that vigorously
places human development at the center of social and economic progress in all countries. The
leaders of 189 countries signed the historic millennium declaration at the United Nations Summit
in 2000 to combat poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy, environmental degradation, and
discrimination against women. The MDGs are derived from this Declaration, and all have
specific targets and indicators and at least 22 international organizations, committed to help
achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. These are the following; to eradicate
extreme poverty and hunger, to achieve universal primary education, to promote gender equality
and empower women, to reduce child mortality, to improve maternal health, to combat
HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, to ensure environmental sustainability and to develop a
global partnership for development. The MDGs are inter-dependent and all the MDG influence
health and health influences all the MDGs and each goal had specific targets, and dates for
achieving those targets. The final MDG Report found that the 15-year effort has produced the
most successful anti-poverty movement in history because since 1990, the number of people
living in extreme poverty has declined by more than half. The proportion of undernourished
people in the developing regions has fallen by almost half. The primary school enrolment rate in
the developing regions has reached 91 percent, and many more children are now in school
compared to 15 years ago. The Remarkable gains on MDG’s have also been made in the fight
against HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis and under-five mortality rate has declined by more
than half, and maternal mortality is down 45 percent worldwide. The target of halving the
proportion of people who lack access to improved sources of water was also met but because of
the concerted efforts of national governments, the international community, civil society and the
private sector have helped expand hope and opportunity for people around the world. Critics of
the MDGs complained of a lack of analysis and justification behind the chosen objectives, and
the difficulty or lack of measurements for some goals and uneven progress, among others.
Although developed countries' aid for achieving the MDGs rose during the challenge period,
more than half went for debt relief and much of the remainder going towards natural disaster
relief and military aid, rather than further development. Critics of the MDGs complained of a
lack of analysis and justification behind the chosen objectives, and the difficulty or lack of
measurements for some goals and uneven progress, among others. Although developed countries'
aid for achieving the MDGs rose during the challenge period, more than half went for debt relief
and much of the remainder going towards natural disaster relief and military aid, rather than
further development.
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The MDG goal number one is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. The first goal is under
Youth, Employment and Migration; it is one of the MDG-F program areas. It has a three major
targets and it is to halve the proportion of people whose daily income is less than $1.25 (less than
60 pesos), to achieve full and productive employment, as well as decent work for all, including
young people and women and lastly to halve the proportion of individuals suffering from hunger
in the period between 1990 and 2015.This goal was also aiming to achieve full and productive
employment and decent work for all, including women and young people. The second goal
which is to achieve universal primary education has only one target and that is to ensure that
children universally including both boys and girls will be able to complete a full course of
primary education by 2015 because of the fact that rural children are highly affected by hunger
and malnutrition has also seriously affected their learning ability. As such, food security and
primary education should be addressed at the same time to give rural people the capacity to feed
themselves and overcome hunger, poverty, and illiteracy. Social protection brings together all
efforts for education and food security towards increased effectiveness. The third goal is to
promote gender equality and empower and the target for this goal is limited to gender parity in
primary and secondary education. MDG-F took a wider approach, addressing gender equality
and women’s empowerment as a requirement for the fulfillment of all the MDGs and it is
important to promote the total and equitable participation of both men and women in efforts
aimed at improving poverty reduction, food security, and sustainability of rural development.
Without gender equality and the economic and social improvement for rural women, food
security cannot be achieved.