Ejercicio de aplicación de las integrales a La Ingeniería Ambiental

David Esteban Méndez Illidge1

INTRODUCCIÓN:

La ingeniería ambiental tiene como concepto abordar los problemas ambientales de forma científica e
integrada, teniendo en cuenta sus dimensiones científicas, químicas, físicas, ecológicas, biológicas,
geológicas, sociales, económicas y tecnológicas, con el objetivo de promover un desarrollo sostenible
los cuales, Para todo ello se utilizar ciertas medidas en las que se utilizan las integrales (tales como
curvas de medición, calcular caudales,etc..) son aquellas en las que se pretende abordar en este
ejercicio y el ensayo haciendo un énfasis en la importancia de ellas, en la carrera ya que
inconscientemente los estudiantes la ven como un simple objetivo a corto plazo, sin saber la gran
ayuda que brindan está en el medio laboral para un ingeniero, en este caso en la ingeniería ambiental,
la cual presenta múltiples actividades en las que esta rama del cálculo es vital.

EJERCICIO:

En la práctica profesional de la ingeniería ambiental, en muchos casos, se hace necesario conocer el

caudal de un río, que es la velocidad que lleva el agua y que es función de los meses del año, ya que
ésta información permite conocer con buena precisión el balance hidrológico que tiene ésta corriente
de agua, además que son datos básicos para la construcción de obras hidráulicas como presas o
acueductos, y para determinar las causas de incremento o disminución extremos en el caudal del río,
como por ejemplo:

Si se sabe que la cantidad de agua que pasa por un río en un periodo de tiempo es igual al área
encerrada por el eje x y la curva en el intervalo de tiempo correspondiente, ¿Cuál es la cantidad de
agua en hectolitros que pasa por un río en un año?, teniendo en cuenta que la función que mide el
caudal en función de los meses del año está dada por:

F(x) = 3 + 2 cos πx/6

Entonces:

Volumen = ∫_0^12 [ (3+2 cosx/6) dx] ]

a
V = 3x+ 12/π sen πx/6

F (12) = 36, F (0) = 0

V = [F (12)– F (0)] = [36–0] = 36

Encontrando así que la cantidad de agua que pasa por el río en un año es de 36 mil hectolitros.
 assay

Integration is a very important and fundamental concept of the calculation basically integration is a
generalized sum of infinite addends, too small, this branch of mathematics in the integration process or
also called antiderivative having as general objectives to study areas of flat region, volumes, definite
integrals and etc.) Being the definite integrals an important object of study in the area of environmental
engineering one of the best known integral and used in this calculation as well as in the career, which
is a concept used to determine the value of the areas limited by curves or straight lines, that is to say
that, for example, given an interval [a, b] in which, for each of its points x, a function f (x) is defined,
which must be greater or equal that 0 in [a, b], is called the definite integral of the function between
points a and b to the area of the portion of the plane that is limited by the function, the horizontal axis
OX and the vertical lines of equations x = a and x = b.

Although the theory is a bit overwhelming this can be of great help in the issue to address
environmentally as the exercise, which is very interesting because this branch of mathematics is
sometimes questioned by students as something low in some careers ( including environmental
engineering), because certain careers do not use all their material, but if key points are used which help
us determine environmental issues, and not only in the area of rivers, to find its flow this can be very
useful in pollution controls and controls of the other group environment this makes us see that the
integrals go beyond a simple matter.

To some extent, the integral calculus can be called "long" since its structure is quite broad (in what can
be very useful in the service of knowledge) however this can delay the knowledge that is imparted to
students, which feels a bit overshadowed by the magnitude of the issue because having a greater
contexture of the subject in the head of the average student, it will be forgotten and other forces act
which are responsible for suppressing the ideas of students and that in large quantity can lose the
opportunity to impart this knowledge to the future

The issue in all this substantially affects the activity that has this branch of calculation, because without
all these integrals could not have any measure of an activity happens before they had existed, in terms
of everything not only environmental engineering but in all engineers can consider this big question,
why does the integrals serve me in my life? and that in itself, will have a large cluster of answers that
answer that question satisfactorily
knowledge in this area which, is able to have almost or more importance than many subjects offered by
the university curriculum in our different areas

BIBLIOGRAFÍA
STEWART, James. Cálculo de una Variable, Trascendentes Tempranas. Cuarta Edición.