Legislation veto it and return them to Members.

- formal enactment of laws by competent 2/3 of each house shall pass the law.
authority and in the proper manner. The Construction of Statutes
- Laws from legislation are clear, definite 1) Plain language must not be interpreted
and formal. anymore and so it foreclose the
- Also, laws can be repealed with greater discussion of the legislative intent.
speed and certainty. 2) If ambiguous, legislative intent through
Philippines’ sources of laws legislative history is important in
 Legislation interpreting what the law means.
 Court decisions/Jurisprudence 3) Determine legislative purpose. (1)
 Custom examination of the law before its
Codification enactment (2) mischief that the law did
- Most modern form of legislation not provide (3) analysis of the
- Systematic and logical compilation of all legislative remedy (4) purpose of the
the statutes on a certain subject of law remedy (5) suppressing the mischief
Legislative Department of the Philippines (Art and advancing the remedy
VI) Expression unius est exclusio alterius –
- Senate (upper house)- 24 elected expression of one thing excludes another
senators. 35 y.o. >2 yrs in PH. 6 Noscitur a sociis – meaning of the word may
yrs./term. June 30. Upto 2 consecutive be determined by reference to the words
yrs. associated with it
- House of Representatives (lower house) Ejusdem generis – general words follow an
– not more than 250 members. enumeration, they are to be read as limited
Representatives from provinces to the thing of the same general kinds as
(1/250,000). 25 y.o. three yrs/term. Up those specifically mentioned
to three consecutive yrs. Party-list reps Pari material – same subject are to be
= 20%. construed consistently with each other
- State of war can be declared by a joint
session where 2/3 voting separately.
Types of Legislation
 Statutes
 Administrative regulations
 Local Government ordinances and the
like
Form of Statutes (Section 26, Article VI, 1987
Consti) – Every bill passed by the Congress shall
embrace one subject which shall be expressed
in the title thereof.
Enactment of Statutes
 Passed three readings on separate days
 Printed copies of its final form are given
to the members three days before its
passage. XPN: President needs it now!
 No amendment on the third reading
 Be presented to the President, if
President has some objections, he shall