UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAO-FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

MECANICA Y DE ENERGIA
PRACTICA N° 01 DE INGLES TECNICO II

1. LOOKING FOR NOUNS AND VERBS AND TRANSLATE INTO SPANISH( buscar sustantivos y verbos
y traducir en español THIS READING
Electronic instruments use semiconductor devices. Most of the scientific and industrial
instrumentations require very fast responses. In electronic devices, since the only
movement involved is that of electrons, the response time is extremely small owing to
very small inertia of the electrons. With the use of electronic devices, a very weak signal
can be detected by using pre-amplifiers and amplifiers.
2. LOOKING FOR NOUNS AND VERBS AND TRANSLATE INTO SPANISH( buscar sustantivos y verbos
y traducir en español)

Damping Torque/Force A damping force generally works in an opposite direction to the movement
of the moving system. This opposite movement of the damping force, without any oscillation or
very small oscillation brings the moving system to rest at the final deflected position quickly. Air
friction, fluid friction and eddy currents provide the damping torque/force to act. It must also be
noted that not all damping force affects the steady-state deflection caused by a given deflecting
force or torque. With the angular velocity of the moving system, the intensity of the damping force
rises; therefore, its effect is greatest when it rotates rapidly and zero when the system rotation is
zero. In the description of various types of instruments, detailed mathematical expressions for the
damping torques are taken into consideration.

3. LOOKING FOR NOUNS AND VERBS AND TRANSLATE INTO SPANISH( buscar sustantivos y verbos
y traducir en español THIS READING
HOW DOES AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WORK?
Combustion, also known as burning, is the basic chemical process of releasing
energy from a fuel and air mixture. In an internal combustion engine (ICE),
the ignition and combustion of the fuel occurs within the engine itself. The
engine then partially converts the energy from the combustion to work. The
engine consists of a fixed cylinder and a moving piston. The expanding
combustion gases push the piston, which in turn rotates the crankshaft.
Ultimately, through a system of gears in the powertrain, this motion drives
the vehicle’s wheels.
There are two kinds of internal combustion engines currently in production:
the spark ignition gasoline engine and the compression ignition diesel engine.
Most of these are four-stroke cycle engines, meaning four piston strokes are
needed to complete a cycle. The cycle includes four distinct processes: intake,
compression, combustion and power stroke, and exhaust.
Spark ignition gasoline and compression ignition diesel engines differ in how
they supply and ignite the fuel. In a spark ignition engine, the fuel is mixed
with air and then inducted into the cylinder during the intake process. After
the piston compresses the fuel-air mixture, the spark ignites it, causing
combustion. The expansion of the combustion gases pushes the piston during
the power stroke. In a diesel engine, only air is inducted into the engine and
then compressed. Diesel engines then spray the fuel into the hot compressed
air at a suitable, measured rate, causing it to ignite.
 UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAO-FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA
MECANICA Y DE ENERGIA
4. WRITE IN ENGLISH COMO VERBO Y CPOMNO SUSTANTIVO ( VERB AND NOUNS) AND TO FORM
THE SENTENCE IN PASSIVE VOICE WITH EACH VERB USE IT AND THEY AS PRONIUNS(PRONOMBRES
 ACOPLAR:
 MEDIR
 INSTALAR
 CONECTAR
 REPOTENCIAR
 DETECTAR FALLAS
 UBICAR CON PRECISION
 ENSAMBLAR
 ARRANCAR
 PULVERIZAR
 DIMENSIONAR
 AMORTIGUAR
 COMPRIMIR
 ACCIONAR
 MEJORAR
 ACTUALIZAR
 DIGITALIZAR
5. TRANSLATE INTO SPANISH
 Such requirements cannot be met with by mechanical and electrical instruments.
 This opposite movement of the damping force, without any oscillation or very small
oscillation brings the moving system to rest at the final deflected position quickly.

 Electrical and electronic theory and practice as applied to process

instrumentation and control equipment.
 Analog and digital system fault diagnostic techniques and procedures.
 Principles of chemistry and physics.
 Architecture, maintenance and operation of digital computer systems.
 Operation of telemetry systems.
 Materials, methods, and equipment used in the inspection, testing,
calibration, maintenance, and repair of process instrumentation and
control equipment.
 Principles of preventative maintenance and maintenance documentation.

Bellavista 06 de setiembre del 2018 Ing. Docente; Carlos A. Zevallos Castañeda