9-13-2010

Singly reinforced Beam

Analysis: Given a section with properties find M & cpM

I. Calculate P0.005 &Pmax using Eq. 3.30 in the text, where p =

= Asfy
2. Calculate a Eq. 3.32
0.85f b
( a”
i. M =
— j Eq. 3.31
4. Calculate where c = & see if it is less than 0.375 for q = 0.9 & less than 0.429 for

under reinforced as per the code. If not calculate q

5. This can also be checked by calculating
= 0.65 + 0.25
(— —
= Eu
(at—c)
& (fl = 0.65 + (Et — 0.002) ()
6. Calculate cpM

Design of a Beam: For a given load or moment find the section & area of steel

1. Choose reinforcement ratio p as °5Po.oo5 <P < °•75Po.oos where

P0.005 = o.856
()
comes from Eq. 3.26 & p82
(E+005)
= 0. 8Sf.? i
() () where Eu = 0.003 for concrete.

2. Get an approximate h from deflection limit of hmjn spun ten.gth for simply supported
= 16
beam. For others refer ACT 9.5.2 & text p226
3. The depth d should be 2 to 3 times the width for practical purposes. Also h = d + cover
(about 2.5”) should be in even numbers for practical purposes.
4. Determine starting b & d from Eq. 3.38 & assume q 0.9 to start:
(Pln = ppfbd2 (i — 0.59 ). Keep b & h multiple of 2
5. Having an approximate b,d, p determine A5 to be used in terms of# of bars to suite A5
etc.
6. Check the design as stated in the analysis by computing Mn & ip
7. Make sure M çoM
3,J 200
8. Check p > p = — — ACI 10.5 & Eq. 3.41
fy f
9. Check spacing of the bars & cover:
Cover 1.5”+ diameter of stirrup + 0.5(diameter of bar), usually 2.5” to 3”’- p97
bar spacing: Smin Max(qbar, 1”) p98-ACI 7.6
10. Draw a figure similar to p97 fig. 3.13
 ___________

Doubly Reinforced Beam 3-19-2010-v2

Analysis

A5 ,A
1. Compute p = —
bd
and p —
bd

2. Compute p±p! & EU ÷p! 35

fy) EuEy) d)
3. If P <Pmax disregard compressive steel and compute M as singly reinforced member.
4. If p > Pmax compute as doubly reinforced
5. IfP<t5max&[P>Icyord>dmtn](PlO3),
then f5’ = f, and compute M = M1 + M2 where M1 = Af(a — a’) &
a”
= (A — A)f (a — -)
2)
as per Eq. 3.46.
Check for q = 0.9 or less by computing strain on the tension side.
6. If p <Pmax & [P <t5cy or a <dmin], then is C’ — C
iy
[A5-A)]f
(AsA)fy
a) Compute a = by assuming f’ = f, then a =
0.S5f b ‘ 0.85f b
a
b) Compute c =

c—ct’
c) Compute f5’ = EE5 (—) Eq. 3.55 where E = 0.003 for concrete
Substitute computed f’ from step c) into step a) and repeat steps
until assumed f’ = computed f5’
Compute M = M1 + M2
/ a
Where M1 = Af5’(d — a’) & M2 = [A — A ()]i a — -)
2, \
as per page 104.

Design:

Knowing the section due to space limitation or assume a section to start and proceed as follows:

1. Compute M2 = A52f ta
1 a\ for p and p 0.9, need to select A52 and
—
P0.005 =

compute “a” first.

2. Compute M1 = —
M
— M2
3. If a > dmin assume f = f, then A,, = get tota 1 area A = A52 + [A or A1]
f(dd’)
and check the final moment.
4. If a <amin and f’ <f (--)
then f,’
for this “c” use the “a” value
calculated for M2. Design the bar and check the section
= EE5
as in step 6 in the analysis.
—
Calculate A
M1
— f(d-d’) & A, = A2 + A
Select reinforcement and check the design or final moment
(f).