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ABSTRACT
Fibers due to their large length-diameter
diameter ratio are the certain pressure. The fibers are compressed t higher
most effective materials in supporting tensile loads twist factors in yarn. In knitting operation, the yarns
still. Many textile applications do introduce fiber are compressed to make them in the form of loop. The
compressions either in a simple form or under lateral compression property of yarn influences the
complex loading conditions. The majority of these material properties of fabrics to large extent. In
compressive loadings are directed laterally across the weaving, the warp and weft yarns are compressed.
fiber axis like compression of fibrous assembly during The high performance fibers used
us in technical textiles
draftee. Compression occurring to fabric during like parachute fabrics, bullet proof vest etc., are also
calendaring and embossing treatments etc. A special subjected to compressive forces during applications.
pre-compression
compression apparatus was fabricated and
mounted before the entry of fibrous strand into Thus in all stages of textile manufacture and also
opening roller of rotor spinning frame. Cotton Slivers during applications, the textile materials are subjected
were pre-compressed
compressed in this zone at varying loads and to compressiveve stresses and strains. In the above
the effect of this pre-compression
compression on the resultant yam context, it becomes crucial to study the compression
has been studied. The yam properties considered for properties of fibers, fiber assemblies, yarns and
the study are the
he studies are U%, tenacity, elongation, fabrics and the parameters used for representing them.
hairiness and imperfections. The drawback with rotor In this work, an attempt has been made to design and
spun yams is lower tenacity and elongation which fabricate
te a crushing apparatus to laterally compress
always need an improvement. Modified rotor spun the slivers before their entry into opening roller of
yams obtained as a result of pre-compression
compression of rotor spinning frame. The modified rotor spun yarns
slivers shows lesser
ser U %, reduced thin, dick and naps, thus produced were then studied for tensile properties,
lower hairiness values and mainly improved tenacity, evenness, and hairiness. The results highlight the t
elongation and work of rupture which would be a vital improvements in above tested parameters with
point for the industry. increase in pre compression loads.
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
2456
Chapter II
2.1 Material and Methods
The slivers are introduced in rotor spinning frame
mounted with the pre- compression zone. Three
different pre-compression
compression loads were applied on the
sliver samples before their entry into the feed roll of
rotor frame. The complete processing parparameters for
cotton are shown in below. The yarn produced from
these pre-compressed
compressed slivers were subjected to
different testing methods to get the yarn quality
results such as evenness%, thin and thick faults,
hairiness , single yarn tenacity and elongatio
elongation.
Various yarn testing instruments used are Uster tester Figure 1: Process Flow chart for Modified Rotor Spun
4, uster Tensojetansd Zweigle hairiness tester. Production System
2.3 Process Parameters
Cotton Fiber
2.3.1 Blow Room
Pneumafil waste 25%
Lap feed used in line: MBO, Step cleaner, PO,
Mech II Grade 10%
Condenser, Three Bladed Beater, Kirschner
Mixing Cotton: Comber 40%
Beater.
Details Noil 25%
Feed roller Beater setting = 8mm
Flat Strips
Grid Bar setting = Minimum
Stable Length 20mm
Beater Speed = 750rpm
Fineness 4.5
Table 1: Raw Material Parameters 2.3.2 Draw Frame
Model = LR DO/6
2.2 Determination of Raw Material Parameters Speed = 240rpm
2.2.1 Length Fluted Roller Setting = 38/38 mm
The fiber length is measured by using the Baer sorter Total Draft = 6.5
technique. Break draft = 1.3
No.of Doublings =6
2.2.2 Fineness Creel Tension Draft = 1.02
Microaire values are also measured by using airflow Web Tension Draft = 1.02
principle. Fiber fineness influences both the strength Delivery Hank =0.13
and irregularity of yarns. The micronaire 2.3.3 Carding
measurement employs the theory of flow of air Model = LR C1/2
through a porous medium. When air under constant Cylinder Speed = 350rpm
pressure is allowed to pass through fixed mass of fiber Licker in Speed = 750rpm
compressed in a cylinder of fixed dimensions
dimensions, the rate Flats Speed = 4inches/min
of flow air is found to depend on the resistances Doffer Speed = 25 rpm
offered by fibrous plug. Cotton fibers of around Feed plate to Licker in = 25mm
10gms are weighted, the fibers are inserted into the Flats Setting = 0.2/0.2/0.2
testing chamber and the cover is pressed. The Delivery Hank = 0.12
micronaire value is noted manually.
2.3.4 Rotor Frame
2.3 Process Flow Chart Model =ElitexBD200SNSN
To study the effect of sliver pre-compression
compression on Opening Roller speed = 8000rpm
properties of rotor spun yarn, the sliver was passed Rotor Speed = 60000rpm
through a pre-compression
compression unit before its entry into TM/TPI = 4.8/21
opening roller rotor spinning frame. Wire Type = OK 40
Count = 20s Ne
Total Draft = 154
Rotor diameter = 43mm
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
2456
2.4 Description of Sliver Compression Apparatus
Figure 3: Sliver
er Compression Apparatus
The apparatus mounted along the path of the sliver. 2.7 Determination
termination of Yarn Hairiness by Zwigle
Attention was given so as not to stretch the sliver by Tester
any means. The sliver ver is loaded by applying dead The condition yarn under standard testing atmosphere
weight pan which is hooked to the top roller. Loads is then passed through the Zwigle hairiness tester
can be changed by directly changing the weight on the which works on the optical principle. The image of
weight pan. The top roller is negatively driven due to the protruding fibers from the surface of the yarn are
the frictional contact with the bottom roller. captured and sensed by array of detectors. Then it is
accounted in a corresponding segment to get the
values with the range of 1 to 12mm. Generally S3
value (total number of protruding hairs above 3mm
length) is taken into consideration for hairiness
measurement.
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
2456
2.8 Determination of Single Yarn Tenacity and
Elongation Y=2.5175x2 -15.517x+78.313;
15.517x+78.313; R2= 0.8399
The conditioned yarn under standard testing
atmosphere is then passed through two pairs of disc
rotating in counter clockwise direction against each
other. Here the principle involved is con
constant rate of
elongation. Gauge length of 5oo mm and testing
speed of 400mpm is maintained. Tenacity is cN/tex
and elongation in % is obtained.
Y= -0.295x+13.82
0.295x+13.82
R2= 0.8054
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
2456
3.5 Modified Rotor Yarn Hairiness
Y=-25.8x+151 Sliver Pre-Compression
Compression Yarn Hairiness
R2= 0.9512
Hank load (g) S3 Value
0 72
500 27
0.13 1000 22
1500 24
Table 5: Effect of Pre-Compression
Compression Load on Yarn
Hairiness
IV. Conclusion
The U% of the modified rotor yarn reduces
linearly around 8% with increase in pre- pre
compression load.
Imperfections per Km are the least when the pre-
pre
Figure 10: Effect of Pre-Compression
Compression load on single compression load is 1500grams.
Yarn Compression
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
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