Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L)

Terhada Isolat Klinis Klebsiella penumoniae Secara Invitro

(Antibacterial Activity Testing Etanol Ekstrak of Galanga Rhizome (Kaempferia galanga
L) Against Clinical Isolate ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae In Vitro)
Fitra Hayati; Mudatsir; Safarianti, Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh-Indonesia
Email: hayatifitra94@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The increasing of microorganisms resistance to antibiotics become one of the world's
health problems. One of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that are often found in public health care
are antibiotic resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae β lactam group (ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae) a
gram-negative bacillus species that has the ability to produce β-lactamase enzyme that capable
of hydrolyzing the β-lactam ring. Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L) is one of the herbs that contain
of the active chemicals which has an antibacterial activity. This purpose of the research to
determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of rhizome kencur (Kaempferia galanga L)
against the growth of clinical isolates of bacteria ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae. This research
use a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of five treatment groups with four
repetitions. The treatment consists of the ethanol extract of galanga rhizome with concentration
25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and aquadest as a negative control. The subject of this research is
ethanol extract of galanga rhizome (Kaempferia galanga L) and clinical isolates of ESBL-
producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria obtained from sputum of patients with pneumoniae.
The method of this study used disc diffusion method, to observed the parameter which is
inhibitory growth zone diameter of Klebsiella pneumoniae formed ESBL in millimeters in each
treatment. The results showed that the ethanol extract of galanga rhizome with concentration
25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% had inhibitory effect on growth ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae with a
diameter of inhibition zone average 6,38 mm; 6,90 mm; 8,21 mm; and 9,52 mm,while the
negative did not show any inhibition zone diameter, caused of the presence of such active
chemicals alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids and saponins contained in the extract of
galanga rhizome have activity as antibacterial. Based on the data from the Saphiro-Wilk test, the
value for all treatments P > 0.05, means that data is normally distributed. The results of the data
analysis by ANOVA (p <0.05) and Duncan test showed there is significant different between the
treatment with the negative control. Seen from the size of the drag zone formed at each
concentration, it is visible differences in inhibit zone, increased concentration of ethanol extract
of galanga rhizome followed by an increase in zone diameter inhibition against the growth of
Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria producing ESBL. This result showed the ethanol extract of
galanga rhizome can inhibit the growth of ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae with moderate category.
Keywords: Ethanol extract of galanga rhizome, Kaempferia galanga L, Klebsiella pneumoniae,
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase, antibacterial activity