Group No.

5 July 31, 2018

Cañizares, John Manuel A52A
Dela Rosa, Roselle
Pineda, Jose Gabriel

WATER HARDNESS, SOAP AND DETERGENT

1. What is the difference among soap, detergent and shampoo in hard water and soft water?

Group procedure: (1) put the soap, shampoo, detergent on test tubes, (2) put hard water in
different test tubes, (3) mix the test tubes and observe, (4) add soft water on a new test tube with
shampoo, soap and detergent, (5) mix it with soft water, (6) observe the reactions of the
substances.

Detergent Shampoo Soap

Does not produce

Produced many There are less bubbles
much bubble, the water
HARD WATER bubbles and the water and water becomes
became pure white in
became blurry. white.
color.

The reaction of Produces a lot of The amount of bubbles

SOFT WATER detergent in soft and bubbles compared with are the same with
hard water are the same hard water. shampoo soft water.

A. Does soap work better in soft or hard water?

Soap water works better on soft water compare to hard water.
B. Which works best in hard water- soap, detergent or shampoo?
Shampoo because it produces a lot of bubbles compare to the two.
C. Would you conclude that shampoo is more likely a soap or a detergent?
Shampoo is more likely a soap because the two produce bubbles and is compatible with
hard water.

2. What is the effect of bar soap, shampoo or detergent to a mixture of oil and distilled water?

Group procedure: (1) mix oil and distilled water, (2) put the shampoo, detergent and soap in
different test tubes, (3) put the mixture of oil and distilled water on the different test tubes, (4)
shake the test tubes containing the two mixtures, (5) observe the effect of the oil and distilled
water on shampoo, soap and detergent
 Shampoo
The shampoo mixed well
with oil and distilled water.
Soap Detergent
Produces three layers
1. bubbles
The bubbles are small and the
2. water
water becomes blurry.
3. undissolved detergent

A. Which cleaning agent worked best to disperse (emulsify) the oil in the hard water?
Detergent worked best in dispersing because it created three layer which means it
dispersed the oil, water and detergent.

3. Which ion is responsible for creating hardness in water in this activity? Support your answer
with observation you recorded throughout this activity.

𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑙2 NaCl 𝑁𝑎2 𝑆𝑂4 𝐶𝑎𝑆𝑂4 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑜3

Water becomes Water becomes Water becomes Water becomes Water becomes
light blue dark blue white and light dark white color white

4. Is the water in your homes hard or soft? How did you come to this conclusion?
The water in our home is soft because the reaction of the soap, shampoo and detergent
are the same when we used soft water in the experiment.

5. Did the hard water look different from the soft water?
The soft and hard water looks the same but the difference between the two is the smell.
The hard water contains a strong odor.

6. What advantage of detergents have over soaps as cleaning agents?

Detergent are created for cleaning dirty things compared to some which focus on the
human body. The detergent also contains a strong chemical.

7. Why don’t soaps create suds in the water?

Soaps don’t create suds in the water because it turns into bubbles.