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2.303RT
E= E0 + ------------ ㏒axfx
nF
Where,
E-- The voltage value of ion selectivity electrode in the measured solution
T-- Absolute temperature
E0-- Standard value of voltage of selectivity electrode
F-- Faraday constant
n-- Electric charge of the ion measured
aX-- The activity of ion measured
R-- Gas constant
fX-- The activity modulus of the ion measured
2 Operational Environment
Normal operational environment requires:
-- Ambient Temperature: 10℃-30℃
-- Relative Humidity: 30%-70%
-- Air Pressure: 860hPa-1060hPa
-- Power Supply: Stabilized voltage supply, 110V/220V±10%, 50Hz/60Hz±1
Hz.
-- Avoid magnetic interference, mechanical vibrations, corrosive gases and
direct exposure to bright sunlight.
-- Reliable ground connection
4.1 Tools
General Tools: 1 medium-sized screwdriver, 1 small screwdriver, 1 medium-
sized slot-head screwdriver, 1 small slot-head screwdriver, 1 pair of needle
nose pliers, 1 150×19 wrench, 1 set inner hexagon spanner, 1 150W electric
iron, 1 pack of soldering tin and 1 digital multimeter.
Specific Tool: Syringe
5 Main Components
5.1.1 Functions
The main control panel consists of power supply module, detection signal
processing module, serial communications module, printing module, LCD
display module, motor drive module, solenoid control Module.
5.4 Assembly
5.4.1 Functions
Assembly system constitutes the major mechanical structure of the
instrument, which includes motor assembly, test board assembly, peristaltic
pumps, solenoids and pipelines.
5.5 Electrodes
The picture of electrodes is shown as Figure 5-7.
6 Component Replacement
7 Troubleshooting
The troubleshooting is listed as Table7-1.
Table 7-1 Troubleshooting
Problem Cause Solution
If there is any blood clotting or other blockage in electrodes that are unable
to be cleaned with suction bulb, use a syringe to rinse them. Pay special
attention not to touch sensitive sections of electrodes (central part of through
holes in electrodes) with syringe needle when rinsing. Always use a new
needle for rinsing.
Note: Normal electrode potential output value is below 50mV, while normal
slope of K, Na, Cl, PH is above 30 and slope of Ca is above 20.
Attention: The instrument indicates “abnormal electrode slope” when MV
value is 0 or 500, the possible causes are:
-- If the instrument improperly sucks in standard A or B during auto-
calibrating, all electrode MV values are 0 or 500 and electrode slope is
abnormal
a. Pipeline adhesion results from long term abnormal instrument shutdowns.
Loosen pump pipes from pipe brackets and check adhesions in pipelines. Rub
the pipelines to resume its elasticity before installing them to pipe brackets.
b. Long term abnormal shutdowns may also result in reagent residues in
pipelines, which could cause crystallization and block electrode pipes.
Disassemble electrode unit and check electrodes one by one. If there is any
crystallization on electrodes, soak them into distilled water.
c. Faulty solenoids – If the instrument is able to properly suck in standard A
or B but can not properly suck in standard B or A and the pipelines are not
blocked, check solenoids for any malfunctions.
d. If there are regular bubbles inside tee connector when sucking in standard
A or B, absorption volume of main pump pipe is more than supply volume in
pump pipes. Remove main pump pipe and cut it off by 2mm.
-- Faulty Electrodes
a. If MV value and slope of a certain electrode are abnormal but other
electrodes are normal, rule out the possibility described in article 1. Replace
electrode solution of the faulty electrode, or replace electrode tip, or replace
the electrode.
b. Visually inspect the instrument during auto-calibrating, if it can properly
suck in standard A or B but MV value and slope of electrodes are still not
correct, replace reference electrode solution or replace reference electrodes.