ELT METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

MARSUKI M., S.Pd.I

 Method Era
1. Audio-lingual Method. Applied this method to language instruction, it means that the
teacher would present the correct model of a sentence and the students would have to
repeat it. Example; the teacher said “Samson sings some songs in his concert”, then the
students should repeat it or write it down in a paper.
2. Total Physical Response. It is based on the coordination of language and physical
movement. In TPR, a teacher gives commands to students in the target language with body
movements, and students respond with whole-body actions or with spoken orally. Example;
the teacher gives command “Take a pen on the table!” then students should respond it by
the action.
3. The Silent Way. A Silent Way in the classroom can be used for peer correction. Students
are encouraged to help their classmates when they have trouble with any particular feature
of the language. In Grammatical features, students can have their time to correct error
pattern of grammar in peer.
4. Community Language Learning. This method brings students work together to develop
what aspects of a language they would like to learn. It is based on the Counselling-approach
in which the teacher acts as a counsellor and a paraphraser, while the learner is seen as a
client and collaborator. It can be applied in small group discussion or general discussion in
the classroom.
5. The Natural Approach is to foster naturalistic language acquisition in a classroom setting,
emphasizes communication, and places decreased importance on conscious grammar study
and explicit correction of student errors. Lessons in the natural approach focus on
understanding messages in the foreign language, and place little or no importance on error
correction, drilling or on conscious learning of grammar rules.
6. Suggestopedia. This method is teacher-controlled and not student-controlled, but the
teacher should act as a real partner to the students in participating activities such as playing
games. The lesson of Suggestopedia consisted of three phases at first: deciphering, concert
session (memorization séance), and elaboration.
7. Communicative Language Teaching. learn and practice the target language through the
interaction with one another and the instructor, and through the use of the language both
in class and outside of class. It also can be used in visiting a museum or gallery to have any
information in English.

 Post Method Era

 Maximazing Opportunities
The teacher should motivate the students to allocate their times in learning since
they attend in the classroom. So, they can have many experiences to be applied
 in their life. Example: the students need to be involved in any activities in the
school.
 Minimizing Mismatches
It is a way for the learners to avoid the misconception of the lessons. The
teacher, here, should perform actually the lessons to the students in order not to
be misunderstand. So the students get their own understanding on the lesson.
 Facilitating Interaction
The teacher is as facilitator for students to interact to others communicatively.
Then, the students can have self-confident to make any interaction to other
people such as their peers, etc.
 Integrating Language Skill
In a teaching process, the teacher can integrate language skill collaboratively.
When a student speaks about his/her experience in front of the classroom, the
others should pay attention with the speaker. And they should take a note about
the speaker is talking about
 Contextualizing
The role indicates the lesson of the learning need to be correlated contextually
to the real life of the learners. Example; the material of “procedure text”. The
text should be related to the students’ environment. Such as “procedure text of
how to swim and dive”
 Ensuring Social Relevance
The material that is taught should have social effect for the students. It means
that when the students study about the lesson, they can apply it in the social life.
Not only in theory, but also how to practice it in social life.
 Raising Cultural Consciousness
Nowdays, learning should bring the students to be aware in cultural
consciousness. The students have to understand about local wisdom and
multicultural understanding. As note as “think globally but act locally”
 Fostering Language Awareness
It is very important for language learner to improve their ability in English.
Therefore, they can develop their English Language Skills.
 Promoting Learning Autonom
As the learners in the 21st century, the students intend to build up their
autonomous for their daily life.
 Monitoring Teaching Acts
Monitoring concerns on how to control the activities for teaching process in
order that the learning process is dealing with the goals.