Science (60 items, 60 minutes)

Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully. Shade the circle corresponding to
your answer in the answer sheet provided. For computations, please use a clean white
paper with your name on the upper left corner.
For items 1-3, refer to the graph below:

1. From the graph, what mass extinction event eliminated the most number of
species?
a. O-S b. D c. P-Tr d. Tr-J e. K-Pg

2. Which of the other extinction events killed the least number of species?
a. Cm b. S c. C d. J-K e. Pg

3. Before the dinosaurs went extinct on the Cretaceous – Paleogene (K-Pg) event,
how many species existed?
a. ~2000 b. ~2500 c. 0 d. ~3000 e. ~2750

4. A volcano whose lava has a low viscosity and low levels of dissolved gases can
be classified as:
a. Stratovolcano b. Caldera c. Shield d. Cinder Cone e. Dome

For items 5-8, refer to the image below showing the time of sunrise and sunset in
different cities during the June 21 northern hemisphere summer solstice.

Compiled by jcmsUPD
 5. What city in the list has the longest summer daytime?
a. Anchorage b. Honolulu c. Boston d. New York e. Atlanta

6. If a person is situated in Antarctica (90 degrees south latitude), what kind of

diurnal cycle will he experience?
a. No sunrise b. Short c. Long d. No sunset e. No answer

7. Once September 22 arrives, will there be a difference in the diurnal cycle of cities
on both north and south tropics (at 23 degrees latitude)?
d. Can’t
a. Not sure b. Yes c. No e. No answer
determine

8. From the data on the table, what can you infer about the length of daytime and
the latitude?
a. Higher latitudes have normal daytime.
b. Middle latitudes have the longest daytimes.
c. Lower latitudes have the shortest daytimes.
d. It is abnormal to have a non-exact 12-hour daytime.
e. Higher latitudes have longer daytimes by June 21.

9. Transcribe the one-sided DNA sequence into mRNA: 3′ 𝐴𝑇𝐶𝐺𝐴𝑇𝐶𝐺𝐴𝑇 5′

a. 3’ GCUAUGCUAG 5’
b. 5’ GCUAUGCUAG 3’
c. 5’ UAGCUAGCUA 3’
d. 3’ UAGCUAGCUA 5’
e. No answer

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For items 10-12, refer to the graph below.

10. What phylum never existed from the Mesozoic to Cenozoic era?
a. Graptolites b. Cnidarians c. Sponges d. Chordates e. No answer

11. Which of the phyla had the fewest number of species at the Permian-Triassic
boundary?
a. Moss animals b. Chordates c. Brachiopods d. Cnidarians e. No answer

12. From the graph, what phylum outnumbered other phyla during the Devonian
period?
a. Arthropods b. Sponges c. Mollusks d. Chordates e. Graptolites

For items 13 to 16, use the diagram on the side as a

guide.
13. Assume that the electricity flow in the diagram
is normal, and point A has a solid conductor. To be
able to stop the flow of electricity to C only, where
should the switch be placed?
a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E

14. What point must be removed to allow electrons

to move in a single, small loop?

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a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E

15. To make the connection parallel, where should the load at D be placed?
a. A b. B c. C d. E e. Unknown

16. If the battery voltage is approximately 4V allowing electrons to flow at a rate of

1A, how much power is used by the load at D if the battery polarity is reversed?
Use the formula 𝑃 = 𝐼𝑉 and 𝑉𝑇 = 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 + ⋯ + 𝑉𝑛 .
a. 2W b. 4W c. 1W d. 3W e. 5W

17. When an egg is placed into distilled water, it sinks. What will happen when the
same egg is placed into a 50% saline solution?
d. It sinks to the
b. It sinks to c. It doesn’t
a. It floats entirely area where e. I don’t know
the bottom sink totally
density differs

18. Complete the reaction: 6𝑁2 + 6𝐻2 → __ 𝑁𝐻3 .

b. 2𝑁𝐻3 +
a. 4𝑁𝐻3 only c. 𝑁𝐻3 d. 4𝑁𝐻3 + 4𝑁2 e. No answer
3𝐻2 + 5𝑁2

For items 19-21, refer to the statement below.

A projectile was fired with an initial speed of 100 m/s before it reached half of its
range at a height of 510.2 meters. The projectile lasted for 14.43 seconds in mid-air
before finally going down.
19. At what angle was the projectile fired?
a. 15⁰ b. 45⁰ c. 27.5⁰ d. 60⁰ e. 30⁰

20. How much time did it take for the projectile to reach its maximum height?
a. 14.43 s b. 8.5 s c. 7.215 s d. 3 s e. 5.67 s

21. What is the maximum range of the projectile?

a. 255.1 m b. 755.3 m c. 1020.4 m d. 3040.8 m e. 378.5 m

For items 22-24, refer to this diagram.

Compiled by jcmsUPD
 22. To produce 18 moles of hydrogen gas (H2), how much hydrogen is needed for
the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) process?
a. 72g b. 80g c. 36g d. 18g e. 54g

23. How many moles of oxygen will 54 grams of water create in the process?
a. 2 mol b. 5 mol c. 1 mol d. 3 mol e. 4 mol

24. Which of the materials on the graph has the highest electric potential when
subjected to a low photocurrent density?
a. Si b. TiO c. Fe2O3 d. WO3 e. GaAs

25. Three balloons were each filled with 1⁄10 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 of either H2, He, and O2. When
subjected to 0℃ at 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚, which of the following will most likely be the correct
statement about the volume of the balloons?
e. Can’t
a. H2 < He < O2 b. H2 = He = O2 c. H2 < He = O2 d. H2 = He < O2
determine

26. Heptane is always 84% carbon and 16% hydrogen by mass. Identify the law
governing this behavior.
a. Law of b. Law of c. Law of d. Law of
e. Can’t
Conservation of Conservation Multiple Definite
determine
Mass of Energy Proportions Proportions

27. The reason why a saline solution is more conductive than distilled water is:

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 b. salt particles c. chloride is d. sodium is e. electric
a. water is
dissociate to attracted to attracted to the currents
attracted to
sodium and the positive negative increase water
electricity
chlorine ions terminal terminal temperature

28. Using Charles’ Law, what will happen to a gas when its’ volume is shrunk by
half?
c. the
a. pressure is b. temperature number of d. pressure is e. temperature
doubled is halved moles stays halved is doubled
the same

29. What happens to an object which is less dense than the material it is placed into?
a. It sinks totally b. It flies off c. It explodes d. It floats e. Don’t know

30. Astronauts always brings samples of rocks from planets and moons to be studied
on Earth. If an astronaut gets 2 kg from the Moon while in space and brings the
sample down to Earth whose mass is six times greater than the Moon, what does
the rock weigh?
a. 10N b. 24N c. 12N d. 36N e. 120N

31. If you look to a half-filled glass of water with a pencil inside directly at 90
degrees, the incident light ray moving from the pencil, to the water, then to the
glass and air, will be refracted __________.
c. away from d. away from
a. toward the b. toward the e. away from
the refraction the incident
incident angle normal line the normal line
angle angle

32. By the process of electric induction, what kind of heat is emitted by inductors
when you cook on it?
e. none of the
a. convection b. conduction c. latent heat d. radiation
choices

33. Assuming that you can traverse space nearly at the speed of light, what happens
to the length of objects you pass by (assuming that you also can perceive them)?
b. Length d. Length e. No one
a. Length c. Length
remains the cannot be survives at that
contracts increases
same perceived speed

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 34. By New Year’s Eve next year, a spacecraft will conduct a flyby on Ultima Thule, a
large object 1.5 times farther from the Sun than Pluto. Which spacecraft will
reach the object?
b. New c. Kepler
a. Voyager 1 d. Voyager 2 e. Pathfinder
Horizons Telescope

35. An aurora is a phenomenon _______ .

a. that happens when radiation gets smaller into an area
b. common to objects with strong magnetic fields
c. which occurs because of the interaction of magnetic fields and solar radiation
d. when you get to the safe zone
e. familiar to planets with poles

36. If hydrogen and oxygen gas is placed at the same temperature, ________.
a. they have the same speed, different kinetic energies
b. they have different speeds and kinetic energies
c. they have different speeds but the same kinetic energies
d. they have the same speed and kinetic energies
e. cannot be determined

37. The presence of hydronium in an aqueous solution is an indicator that:

a. the solute is bitter
b. the solute is an acid
c. the solute is neutral
d. the solute is artificial
e. the solute does not exist

38. Balance the chemical equation: 𝐴𝑙𝐶𝑙3 + 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 → 𝐴𝑙(𝑂𝐻)3 + 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙

a. 1, 3, 1, 3 b. 3, 1, 3, 1 c. 1, 1, 1, 3 d. 1, 3, 3, 1 e. 1, 4, 3, 2

39. Heat is absorbed at _________ processes whose signs, used in identifying

energy levels, is _________.
a. endothermic, b. exothermic, c. endothermic, d. exothermic, e. none of
negative positive positive negative the above

40. Autotrophs re-energize ADP to ATP and produce NADPH from NADH+ inside
_______.
e. endoplasmic
a. mitochondria b. chloroplasts c. vacuole d. lysosome
reticulum

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 41. On what phase of cell division can a mutation induce cancer?
a. metaphase b. prophase c. interphase d. telophase e. anaphase

42. At what area of a door will you exert the greatest force to make it swing?
b. near the c. at the middle d. at the e. we use
a. at the hinge
hinge section doorknob automatic doors

43. Erythroblasts undergo enucleation to become

d. red blood
a. thrombocytes b. macrophage c. leukocytes e. stem cells
cells

44. Looking at a waterfall, the area with the greatest kinetic energy is:
a. before the water drops
b. the moment the water drops
c. between the top and bottom section of the river
d. before it reaches the lower water area
e. when it has splashed from the water

45. Homeostasis is the state:

a. where organic processes work efficiently
b. when an organism is relaxed
c. when the organism dies
d. where the organism lives comfortably
e. where body processes are at normal levels

46. Radio emitters work by converting bits of data into radio waves by the help of:
c. cosine
a. tangent wave b. sine wave d. multispectral e. frequency
wave
generator generator wave generator modulators
generator

47. When a bacteria is labeled as gram-positive, they:

a. fail the Gram stain test
b. have peptidoglycan in their cell walls
c. are resistant to lymphocyte phagocytosis
d. are more vulnerable to antibiotics
e. all of the above

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 48. The Punnett Square is an application of which of Mendelian Laws of Inheritance?
b. Independent d. both A and e. All of the
a. Segregation c. Dominance
Assortment B choices

49. When an astronomical object moves away from an observer, the light it emits
increases in wavelength. This phenomenon is called _________.
a. universal d. Hawking e. Doppler
b. blueshift c. redshift
expansion radiation effect

50. On the operation of nuclear reactors, cooled water is pushed to the area around
the core, becoming hot, “heavy” water in the process before returning to
condensers and cooling towers. This “heavy” water:
a. increased in the percentage by mass of oxygen in water
b. increased in the percentage by mass of hydrogen
c. has H- mixed in it
d. contains radioactive materials
e. has been mixed with heavy metals

51. Given the ozone reduction reaction, 𝑥 + 𝑂3 → 𝑦, identify which of the materials
below will be most suitable to the process, which occurs at the stratosphere.
𝑉𝐼𝑆𝐼𝐵𝐿𝐸 𝐿𝐼𝐺𝐻𝑇
a. 𝐶𝑙2 + 𝑂3 → 𝐶𝑙2 𝑂2 + 2𝑂2 → 𝐶𝑙2 + 3𝑂2
b. 𝐵𝑟2 + 𝑂3 → 𝐵𝑟2 𝑂2 + 2𝑂2 → 𝐵𝑟2 + 3𝑂2
𝑈𝑉 𝐿𝐼𝐺𝐻𝑇
c. 𝐼2 + 𝑂3 → 𝐼2 𝑂2 + 2𝑂2 → 𝐼2 + 3𝑂2
d. 𝐹2 + 𝑂3 → 𝐹2 𝑂2 + 2𝑂2 → 𝐹2 + 𝑂2
e. Insufficient data

52. Which of the following cycles occur in plants during photosynthesis?

a. Carbon Cycle b. Water Cycle c. Calvin Cycle d. Krebs Cycle e. ATP Cycle

53. Colloids differ from suspensions from:

a. size of particles
b. the way light passes through them
c. the form the particles are identified
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

54. If a rock layer cuts through other rock layers, then this rock stratum is _____ than
the others.

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a. younger b. oldest c. older d. youngest e. of same age

55. Which of the following four-bar magnet configuration will produce the strongest
magnetic field at the center?
a. b. c. d. e. All have
the same
magnetic
field
strength

56. Earthquake-induced P-waves and S-waves traverse the Earth differently when
passing through the outer core. This is because of a varying:
a. temperature b. density c. pressure d. material e. composition

57. Assuming that you board a spacecraft that travels at a speed 0.99 times than that
of light. As you travel, what happens to the time you can observe?
a. It slows b. It speeds up c. It speeds up, d. It slows e. Cannot be
down then slows down, then known from the
down speeds up problem

58. According to Charles Darwin’s principles of natural selection, nature _________.

a. favors those who change the environment
b. favors living beings who survives
c. favors organisms with the exact traits necessary for the environment
d. favors organisms who adapt to the environment
e. does not favor anyone

59. Compared to a glass of water with ice in it, an ice-cold water without ice will
warm up ______ on a hot day.
a. slower b. faster c. in the same d. instantly e. it will not
rate happen

60. According to science, is a flat Earth possible?

a. Definitely yes b. Probably yes c. Probably no d. Definitely no e. not sure

End of Scientific Ability Test

“Stop the what-ifs, just do it.”

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