NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal Of Research Publications In Engineering And Technology [IJRPET]
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH SMART GRID
TECHNOLOGY- A REVIEW
MANOJ D. PATIL
Department of Electrical Engineering, ADCET, Ashta, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
ABSTRACT:
In this paper, we consider a savvy power
infrastructure, where a few supporters share a
common energy source. Every supporter is outfitted
with an energy consumption controller (ECC) unit as
a segment of its perspicacious meter. Every keen
meter is associated with the puissance grid as well as
withal a correspondence infrastructure, for example,
a local area network. Considering the weightiness of
energy estimating as a key execute to create
proficient interest side administration systems, we
propose a novel real time valuing calculation for the
future savvy grid. We focus on the associations
between the perspicacious meters and the energy
supplier through the trading of control messages
which contain supporters' energy consumption and
the real time value data. To begin with, we logically
demonstrate the endorser's inclinations and their
energy consumption designs in type of carefully
winnowed utility capacities predicated on ideas
from microeconomics. Second, we propose an
appropriated calculation which consequently deals
with the connections among the ECC units at the
perspicacious meters and the energy supplier. The
calculation finds the ideal energy consumption levels
for every endorser of expand the total utility of all
supporters in the framework in a reasonable and
proficient design. Determinately, we demonstrate
that the energy supplier can enhearten some
attractive consumption designs among the
supporters by means of the proposed constant
valuing co operations. Reenactment results confirm
that the proposed dispersed calculation can
conceivably advantage both endorsers and the
energy supplier.
KEYWORDS: Smart grid, ECC, Problems with smart
grid, etc.
INTRODUCTION:
The "smart grid" is a term used to depict the fast
infrastructure supersession of the electrical wiring
framework in the Cumulated States. At the point when
the propelled framework is perfectly executed, it will
endorse for correspondence highlights over the grids
that are not as of now accessible - henceforth the
expression "smart"[1]. A "smart grid" is just a
progressed electrical circulation framework that has the
ability to adjust electrical burdens from different, and
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regularly discontinuous, elective energy generation
sources. One key part of the "smart grid" is the ability to
store electrical energy; this endorses the injuctive
approval from shoppers to be met [2]. The smart Grid is:
Versatile, with less dependence on administrators,
completely in reacting quickly to transmuting conditions,
Prescient, as far as applying operational information to
hardware upkeep rehearses and notwithstanding
distinguishing potential blackouts up to they happen,
Incorporated, as far as credible time correspondences
and control capacities, Intelligent amongst clients and
markets, Improved to boost reliability, availability,
efficiency and financial execution Secure from assault
and actually happening interruptions [3]. Today's power
frameworks are intended to brace sizably voluminous
generation plants that oblige faraway purchasers by
means of a transmission and dispersion framework that
is basically one-way. In any case, the grid without
bounds will imperatively be a two-way framework
where power caused by a large number of minor,
conveyed sources—in reconciliation to hugely monster
plants—streams over a grid predicated on a network as
opposed to a hierarchical structure [4]. In The Fig.1
Underneath, The Graph delineates this movement. In the
principal, we outwardly see today's hierarchical power
framework, which looks much likened to an
authoritative outline with the massively gigantic
engenderer at the top and customers at the base. The
second graph demonstrates a network structure normal
for the plenarily acknowledged smart grid.
Fig. 1. Basics of smart grid system
The smart grid can be conceptualized as a broad
digital physical framework that strengthens and

International Journal Of Research Publications In Engineering And Technology [IJRPET]
fundamentally improves Controllability and
responsiveness of very appropriated assets and
resources inside electric power frameworks. Renewable
generation will make an inexorably noteworthy
commitment to electric energy engenderment into
what's to come. Coordination of these exceedingly
variable, broadly appropriated assets will call for early
ways to deal with power framework operation and
control. Moreover, beginning sorts of burdens, for
example, module electric conveyances and their related
conveyance-to-grid potential, will offer difficulties and
open doors [5]. The EU's smart Grids innovation stage
abridges the advantages of smart grids as takes after.
They:
 Better encourage the association and operation of
engenderers of all sizes and innovations.
 Endorse purchasers to play a segment in
streamlining the operation of the framework.
 Furnish purchasers with more dominant data and
alternatives for winnow of supply.
 Fundamentally lessen the ecological effect of the
entire power supply framework.
 Keep up or even improve the subsisting high bores
of framework reliability, quality and security
 Supply and Keep up and enhance the subsisting
housing effectively and Foster business sector
reconciliation.
SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION:
Smart grid ideas envelop a wide scope of
innovations and applications. We portray a couple
beneath that are as of now practically speaking with the
proviso that, at this early stage in the improvement of
perspicacious grids, the part of control, particularly
advanced control, is hindered [6]:
1. ADVANCED METERING INFRASTRUCTURE
(AMI)is a dream for two-way meter/utility
correspondence. Two principal components of AMI have
been actualized. To start with, automatic meter reading
(AMR) systems give an underlying stride toward
bringing down the expenses of data storing up through
usage of credible time metering information. Second,
meter data management (MDM) gives a solitary purpose
of reconciliation for the extent of meter data. It
empowers utilizing of that data to computerize business
forms in credible time and imparting of the data to key
business and operational applications to revise efficiency
and bolster basic leadership over the endeavor.
2. DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(DMS)programming scientifically models the electric
distribution network and soothsays the effect of outages,
transmission, generation, voltage/frequency variety, and
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the sky is the limit from there. It benefits lessen capital
speculation by showing how to better use subsisting
resources, by empowering top shaving by means of
demand replication (DR), and by revising network
reliability.
3. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)
innovation is completely intended for the utility business
to model, plan, and deal with their basic infrastructure.
By coordinating utility data and geographical maps, GIS
gives a graphical perspective of the infrastructure that
braces cost lessening through streamlined arranging.
4. OUTAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(OMSS)speed outage determination so power is
recovered all the more quickly and outage expenses are
contained. ii. Intelligent electronics devices (IEDs) are
advanced, application-empowered contraptions
introduced in the field that procedure, figure, and
transmit germane information to a higher bore. IEDs can
store up data from both the network and purchasers'
offices (abaft the meter) and endorse network
reconfiguration either locally or on order from the
control focuses.
5. WIDE-AREA MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
(WAMS)give exact, synchronized evaluations from
crosswise over sizably voluminous-scale power grids.
WAMS comprise of phasor measurement units (PMUs)
that give exact, time-stamped data, together with phasor
data concentrators that total the data and perform
occasion recording.
6. ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(EMSS)at client premises can control consumption, on
location generation and capacity, and conceivably
electric transport charging. EMSs are in use today in
sizably voluminous mechanical and business offices and
will probably be extensively received with the rollout of
smart grids. Perspicacious grid executions are happening
quickly, with various undertakings under path around
the globe. Ventures, for example, Elektra's "distribution
management system" improve nature of settlement by
actualizing cutting edge inventions to oversee and
control information (SCADA), DMS to arrange and
upgrade distribution system operations, and Curve
FM/Responder to correct outage replication times [7].
SMART GRID PROBLEMS:
Smart grid power frameworks use
computerized innovation to disseminate power. They
are being taken off in the U.S. In spite of the fact that they
are elevated as a convenient to incite energy reserve
funds, a few quandaries subsist with this innovation. A
portion of the quandaries intrinsically in perspicacious
grid power frameworks incorporates client privacy
quandaries, security quandaries, grid volatility and

International Journal Of Research Publications In Engineering And Technology [IJRPET]
rigidity. Actualizing a perspicacious grid power
framework has significant implicative hints for
individual privacy on the grounds that the grid has the
staff to control power access. Security specialists trust
that this innovation may authorize somebody other than
the client to control the puissance supply. A few
quandaries clarified as [8]:
1. PRIVACY QUANDARIES: Security specialists
trust that smart grid innovation may empower a few
people to get control of the power supply.
Correspondence amongst utilities and the meters at
private homes and organizations expands the shot of
somebody picking up control over the strength supply of
a solitary building or a whole neighborhood.
2. GRID VOLATILITY: smart Grid network has
much smartness at its edges; that is, at the entrance
point and at the end utilizer's meter. Yet, the grid has
deficient smartness in the center, representing the
exchanging capacities. This absence of coordinated
advancement makes the grid a volatile network.
Designing assets have been filled power generation and
buyer energy consumption, which are the edges of the
network. In any case, if an unnecessary amount of hubs
are incorporated to the network in advance of building
up the product smartness to control it, the conditions
will prompt a volatile smart grid.
CONCLUSION:
Smart grids are most exhaustive innovation
amid late years and it has been become quickly as a
result of its advantages. It has numerous elements and
the move to a plenarily actualized smart grid brings a
large group of advantages in a frequently harmonious
relationship: Grid administrators will savor a quantum
alteration in checking and control abilities that will
thusly empower them to convey a higher gauge of
framework reliability even notwithstanding perpetually
developing interest. Utilities will encounter lower
dissemination misfortunes, conceded capital uses and
lessened upkeep costs. Purchasers will acquire dominant
control over their energy costs, including causing their
own particular puissance, while understanding the
advantages of a more dependable grid. The earth will
profit by diminishments in crest request, the expansion
of renewable power sources, and a relating decrease in
outflows of CO2 and in addition toxins, for example,
mercury. "Smart grid" empowered dispersion could
diminish electrical energy consumption by 5-10%,
carbon dioxide outflows by 13-25%, and the expense of
strength related perturbances to business by 87%.
(Source: The Electric Power Research Foundation).
smart grid empowered energy administration
frameworks have ended up being ready to diminish
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power usage by 10–15%, and up to 43% of basic crest
loads. (Source: The Brattle Bunch, SMUD and PNNL.) The
smart Grid vision by and large portrays a puissance
framework that is more smart, more decentralized and
versatile, more controllable, and preferable forfended
over today's grid.
REFERENCES:
[1] Manoj D. Patil and Rohit G. Ramteke, “L-C Filter
Design Implementation and Comparative Study with
Various PWM Techniques for DCMLI,” in IEEE Xplore
Digital Library & International Conference on
Energy Systems and Applications (ICESA-2015),
2015, no. Icesa 2015, pp. 347–352.
[2] Manoj D. Patil, Mithun Aush, and K. Vadirajacharya,
“Grid Tied Solar Inverter at Distribution Level with
Power Quality Improvement,” Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res.,
vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 8741–8745, 2015.
[3] Manoj D. Patil, Mithun Aush, R. H. Madhavi “New
Approaches for Harmonics Reduction in solar
inverters,” Int. J. Adv. Found. Res. Sci. Eng., vol. 1, no.
Special Issue, Vivruti-2015, pp. 1–7, 2015.
[4] Manoj D. Patil, K. Vadirajacharya “Grid Tied Solar
Using 3-Phase Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter
at Distribution Level with Power Quality
Improvement,” Int. J. Adv. Found. Res. Sci. Eng., vol.
2, no. Special Issue, pp. 178–191, 2016.
[5] Manoj D. Patil, K.Vadirayacharya“A New Solution to
Improve Power Quality of Renewable Energy Sources
Smart Grid by Considering Carbon Foot Printing as a
New Element,” IOSR J. Electr. Electron. Eng. Ver. I,
vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 103–111, 2015.
[6] Manoj D. Patil, “Power Quality Improvement for
Energy Saving,” Novat. Publ. Int. J. Innov. Eng. Res.
Technol., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 89–94, 2016.
[7] Mithun Aush, Manoj D. Patil, K.Vadirajacharya
“Performance Analysis of Multilevel Inverter for Grid
Connected System,” Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res., vol. 10, no.
9, pp. 8762–8764, 2015.
[8] Mithun Aush, Manoj D. Patil, K. Vadirajacharya “
Energy saving through power quality improvement
123,” Natl. J. Electron. Sci. Syst., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 11–
13, 2014.