1S.

t The passive
Stop & check
Look at these pairs of sentences. Tick (/) the correct sentence in each pair.
A The idea is being considered by the committee at the moment'
B The idea is considered by the cornmittee at the moment'
2 A The parcel should have been delivered last Friday.
B The parcel should be deiivered a week ago.
.-) A This job needs be done immediately'
B This job needs to be done immediately.
A The event is going to hold next month. ..:...
B The event is going to be held neft month

*ctive
present-simple .:'a$ii;.15.1,,ru+,.Fes.t rti'o-ifi.I6.,, :,..:j,
T h ey' coll ect th e ru b't; is h eu, ery,M o n day, Th'e;,r',b i sh is 9.o.ll€.cfq{ e .uer1; M o rd, =
present continuous am I is t:are'+:be'i49.*.past par.tieiple
They.aTq buifding a road: A road is being built.

w aS't we r, e,+' past jlartiCi'ift

Someone stole the money. Tfie. m oi n ey.was sfo-l.e

past continuous waSJ'were +'beinE,l

They were repairing the road. The ra ad..=Wa 8 beir1 g:' r-ePaired,

present.perfeet :

Sorneone, has eh a n g e d''tlt e a:rLa rlge rtte qts.

.

past perfect hiad.+ been' +,past participl6

Someone had invited me. I had been invited.

will +,be +,.past.p.articipfe.'', . :. .

They wif! publish the'baok next year The book'will' be pibfisked: hext,yeaL

going'ta' :r.r,,, going16 +,,fg'+paSfparttejple,, I .

They are gaing to ho'ld a meeting tomorrow. A meeting is going to be held tomorrow.

modal + be,+"past pa iCiple',.,, :

:
present modals
You can change the date of your iourney. The date of your iourney ean be-.ahanEed-

past rrrodals : modaf '+' h aveSee n:+'p-st.participle

Yw shauld have done this YesterdaY, Thi sihauH haive been' dane.yesterday.

beiig'.+:past,,Fai$ctple.,':,' :. :
1t1g
I dontt remember anyone telling,'Yns I dor+ t:,rern€: fiber,he i ng tald' thiS.

166 UNIT 10
 -l
*t

fil Comptete this text by putting in the correct passive forms of the verbs in brackets-. ' ,

Rugby L}nion
that 1 ...........................r........... (play) in Britain since the middle of the
Rugby is a team game

19th century. According to legend, it 2 .............. (invent) at Rugby School in England in

1s23byaboywho3.'.....'......',..(catl)WilliamWebbEllis.Agameoffootball
4 .................. (play) at the schoolwhen Webb Ellis suddenly picked up the ball

andranwithit.Thisstorymight5.....'..'....,,.'
6 ................. (teli) whenever the history of the game 7 """-"':"""
(explain).
Towards the end of the 19th century official rules for the game B ..................

(write) and it began L................. (play) in more and more countries, such as France,

Australia.NewZealandandSouthAfrica.lnternationalmatchesandtours10....'.
(organize) since the beginning of the 20th century and since 1981 a World Cup tournament
11 ................ (hold)- At present, more and more countries

1Z ..................................... (add) to the list of those that take part in the tournament. Television

audiences for international matches are high and it is hoped that the
game

+i
:.!
13 ......................:..........'... (watch) by even more people in the future
in favour of
:'r Until 1995, Rugby Union was an amateur game but the top players said that they were
r4

14 ................ (pay) to play and that the sport should

15................ (turn into) a professionalone. Despite vartous problems, this seems

16 ................ ................ (do) successfutly and the sport rs growing in popularity' with spectator

numbers rising rn Britain and elsewhere.

ln Rugby Union. there are 1 5 players in each team and different skills 1 7 ..-.....-...-..-.. """""""'
(require)ineachposition.Peopleofallshapesandsizes.s...'.'.......
game because some positions 19 .........................'.....'...:. (suit) to very big people while others can

20 ................ (fill) by smaller people'

Sl Comptete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first'

f My Parents lent me the money.

The money """""" "'
? They gave her a special prize at the ceremony'
She .............
3 The company sent me these brochures
i:

!;
*$
S,
4 My girlfriend bought me this watch.
, rilr
This watch
5 The salesman showed me various kinds of hi-fi system

,]
6 A neighbour sold the car to her
.;
Tha ncr
ii,
'.i
::
{a

3,
1':r:
168 UNIT 10
!iil
 10,3 Received information
Use said/ reported I believed I understood I thaught I known
. when talking about information that has been received, we often use these verbs in the passive form because it
is not known who provided the information or because it is the information, and not the person who provided it,
that is important
. these verbs can be used to report information in these patterns:
It + be + sard, etc. (+ that) + subject + active verb Subject + be + said, etc. + appropriate form of
infinitive with fo
/t ls sard that this areia gets crowded in the summer This areais sard to get crowded in the summer.
It was reported lunderstaod that he was living in another He was reported lunderstood to be living in another
country. country.
It is believed lknown that he has resigned. He is believed lknown to have restgned.
It is thought that she has been doing her job very badty.

'
@
Use subject + be + supposed + the appropriate form of the infinitive with fo
. 'e
t" trf
to talkf, lOout wtrat people
about what peopte say about something or what you have
haue'nerrl ;;;rt
heard about something
romething
//'s supposed to be a gaod f!\m.1= the critics, friends, etc. say that it is a good film)
He's suppased to have been making a tot of money. (= people say hers been making a lot of money)

@
E Rewrite these sentences in two different ways, using the verb in brackets.

I Some people say that this is a dangerous area. (said)

2 The company is certainly making a big profit. (known)

3 Reporters say that she has resigned from her post as minister: (reported)

4 The club has apparently been planning these changes for some time. (understood)

5 The police know that the man is using a false name. (known)

6 Repor:ts suggest that he has been ill for some time. (believed)
It ..........................!..!.i...!.

7 lt seems likely that the suspects escaped in a stolen car (thought)

I lnsiders say that she earns €10 million per film. (believed)
l+

She

uNlT 10 171
 Reporters say that an agreement has been reached. (thought)

10 ThenewspaperSSaythattheeConomyisgettingbetter:(reported)

11 Apparenfly, five people were injured in the accident. (understood)

12 lnsiders say that he is planning a comeback to the siage. (said)

13 Some people think that she is one of the richest people in the world' (thought)

14 People know that he has a very bad temper. (known)

't5 ln court he was accused of committing several crimes; (said)

tr Rewrite these sentences using be supposed fo.

1 l've heard that theY're moving house soon.

2 People have told me that it was a fantastic pariy'

3 l've heard that they've been having money problems recently'

,]

4 People say that it's a very interesting place.

;,

fi
ri 5 l've heard that James is an expert on this sutl1ect

i:
:i
6 People say that it was the best game of the season'

li
s
,it
:l
l've been told that Alice rs leaving the country next week'

I People say that he committed some terrtble crlmes

172 UNIT 10
10.e ffave I Eef someffiins dor:e

htwelget'+,o,biect+ past participle-." 'r , .,..

.

thls :patter: i s'a,,mixture' of a ctive,'and, Bass ive ; use glel.

if the subjectcauses the action to b'e'done.'Both'have '
and,gef something done can be used to express the' '
foilowing ideas: ,: ,- ,'
' when-the subjeel ai have I gef doe-s i]ot'do 'th9'aeJiqn;
Sort€ofle ,a[se (usually someone w.ho"is"pard to do it)

to say that something unpieasalrt'hap neo to.,,t!?-

io say that tLEggELqglS glnP[ut":3!-Aetj-on,rdther, :

than leaving,iti* thg$iddle or t'eaving it until faterl :.
more usual to us+- elin this pailern .. , ...

Rewrite these sentences using the correct form of have and gef and the corrbct form of the verb
in
S!
brackets. ln some answers, both have and gef can be used; in others, only one of them is possible'

1 Workers collect our rubbish twice a week. (coilect)

We ..............
2 lf you finish all your work early, you can go home early (finish)

3 The airline changed my flight for me yesterday. (change)

t....
We will have to arrange for someone to replace that broken window (replace)
We will have to
An engineer repaired my computer a couple of weeks ago' (repatr;
t..................
A well-known designer made the dress for her' (make)
She .............
A professional cleaner cleans their house for them (clean)
They ...........
A local hairdresser does her hair once a month. (do)
She ......
My passport wili expire soon. (renew)
l'll
I il horra
I IOVU tn
LU .,..............

10 I solved the problem as quickly as I could. (solve)

11 Someone broke into his car last week. (break into)

l-l o

12 A national newspaper published his letter' (publish)

13 A company is gorng to develop these pnotographs for ne next week. (develop)

l'm going to ................
14 Let:s do the washing-up now (do;
 Module 7

Gausative form Complete the second sentence so that it

3
means the same as the first. Use no more
Rewrite the sentences in the causative
L than three words.
form.
They have repaired Ray's television. The mechanic has fixed Claire's car.

2 The barber is cutting John's hair. the mechanic.

Our car is old and must be replaced.
3 My house was Painted last Year' We must have ..........
because it is old.
4 The doctor is testing MarY's eYes. The doctor is checking Harry's arm.
Harry is .......................
checked by the doctor.
5 They are going to service our car tomorrow.
4 Gloria's purse was stolen last week on her way
to work.
Last week, Gloria ....................'......
)
a
Choose the correct item. stolen on-her way to work.
L He should...,..... his suit dry cleaned. 5 Their shop was robbed last night.
A have B having C to have They..........
robbed Iast night.
2 We our new furniture delivered
tomorrow morning. Write sentences using the causative, as in
A will having B are having 4
the example.
C going to have
The mechanic checks Ron's car once a year.
Joe and Ellen ......... their apartment Ron has his car checked once a Year.
decorated by a professional. The neighbour is watering the Drews' garden
A having B has
is C had while they're away.
Are they professional photographs
taken? The journalist took Paul's photograph for an
A going to have B get to have article in the newspaper.
C have got

Ha:.ry ......... his motorbike repaired by

4 Mr Bout'ke's shop window was broken in the
hail storm.
mechanic. His dad is repairing it instead.
A is to have B wasn't having
C isn't having 5 A travel agent will pian Kelly's holiday to
South America.
6 Helen ......... her eyes examined every six months.
A has got B gets C will got 6 Someone stole Rachel's mobile while she was
Since they moved to the area, the Gregors at the cafe.
......... thek house burgled twice.
A have had B have been having 7 Kelly's dad has been fixing her new
apartment.

I ......... my shoes repaired at the new shop

8 The hairdresser dyed my sister's hair red!
that's opened up.
A was getting B has had C got Their telephone was cut off because they
Do you think it's worth an alr- hadn't paid the bill.
conditioner installed?
A will be having B to have C having 10 A team of professionals will be decorating
our house.

137
13.t Ke$atlve *Eat*ses
Stop & check
Tick (/) the correct sentences and correct the errors.
\^--
tcr{

t My parents dont like some of the music t, //'lJ,\\ trr

that I listen to.
2 I told him about something which it happened
last week.
My colleague, who I told you about him recently,
came with me.
A
Mike, whose sister lives in Rome, is going to Italy.
5 The club where we go there most often is in the city
centre.
6 He is the person that I spend most of my time with.

Use
defini n g relative. clauses
which or that to refer to things
uoh o or that to refer to PeoPte
adelinlng relative,clause is used because the The kind of:music whiclilthat.my group'playg:is;] r:fi;.
, .to d e s ci be; (without, th e cl ause Whi c h,l WL my.. g- {, 9,,!! p.
sea:..............ence iveuld-not make seRse without.lt. lt gives
: phys. we A6'not-know which music ls ber ref6t i
essential.infoirnation thai'idenffres- or"specif ies which
pqrson'o tning-is.being tatked about ': ' ,r : , to and', t h e'.,s'ente nce ha s' no, ci qa r.r,neaning)
T h e k in d f n as i c {w tti c h l th atl-nt y'g rou p j
B' l ay's s,fiA1, -d.,.
ihe, relativ€ .pronoun, which- thaf oi,'who can be'left o :

out'of th:e,relative,clause if the rel iVe,clause to d'escribei.'(the main,subject of the senteneeiS.tftq

conta rs a second subject that is different from the kin.d'ot rnusic and,a d,iffurerrt subjecL ,?41 graup,is
subjet i of the whole sentence the subject of th e'r'e lative clause' and'the ver:b- playsJ'

no$-defining relative, clauses '

wliich tc refer to things ,.. ,',i.

.' ', . M y' c a L. wh ic h t o nly hou g ht .{wa ;
ra ontfis'a$ o,
.
broken down.

a non-defining'retative ciatlse gives additional or 'My brother wha knows"a tOt'about this so/"f of thing,,
interesting information about perople or things. This ' toId me what t',shauld"'do. {without therefatitreilau,s9s
information is not essential and the sentence has a the meaning of €ach'sentence iscfean.,'hstdtib ,.,.''
clear" rneaning without the relative claus'e ' relative .1su5es give,?elevant information)
usilalJy pu.t:a comma both before and after a non'
defining relative clause
l note; The relative pronoun'which al wka'cannoJ be
left out:Of'.a non-definin$:rdlative clau.se. - ,
:
':

l noie: Do not use fhaf tolefer io people o;' things in a

non-defining reiative clause.
NoI
w
which forfacts, situaiions and actions
. which',can,be used ts link a whole sentence describ'ing They lost the game, wltich disappainted their
a fact, situation or action with a comment on that faet, supporfers. {They lost the gam'e is a fultsentence;
situation or action the relative clause refers:to ii a'nd'comments,of it)

178 UN|T 11
 Use Exan:ple
where
. tc refer to places in both defining and non-defrning ln the part of the city where I live, nothing interesting
relative clauses eve r happens. (deflning)
. wkere,cannot be left out The hotel, where I had stayed previausly, was
exce I ent. (non-defining)
I

when
''. io'r*i*.to,times in boih defining and non-defining Ihis is the time of yeay (when) the tourists start to
reiative clauses arrive. (defining)
. it is possible to leave when outof a defining relative At this time of year; when /he lourlsts have left, this
clause butdo not leave it out of a non-defining place is lovely. (non^defining)
relatrve clause

whose + noun
. use as a possessive form in both defining and non- She is a wdter whose books I always like to read.
defining relative clauses (= I like to read her books) (defining)
Rachel, whose address I don't know, lives somewhere
outside the city centre. (= I don't know her address)
(non-defining)

) note: Do not use an object pronoun after a subject in a relative clause.

It is not correct to say @@ ..
It is not correct to use it here.
> note: Do not use a subject pronoun to refer for a second time to the subject at the beginning of a relative clause.
It is not correct to say ..
It is not correct to use they here.
> nore: Do not use fhere after where rn a relative clause.
It is not correct to say Thehotet+vhere lhad-stayed there previously ...

S Comptete this text by filling the gaps with one suitable word.

Sieven Spielberg
Steven Spielberg is on Americon fiim director 'l films
hove been very successful. They include Jows, 2 he
mode in 1975, ond 3 .............. obout o shork
l9B2 he mode EI

hos been left on eorlh by mistoke ond 7 is protected by

three children until it con go bock to its own plonet. Spielberg wos probobly
the most well-known film director in the world in the l9BOs,
B ................................. he mode o series of lndiono Jones films.
g ...........................;..,.. were obout on orchoeologist JO
often got into dongerous situotions. Schlndler's Lisf, 11 ...............
.l993
won seven Oscors; come out in ond wos obouf o reol Germon mon
12 ............... soved the lives of Jews '13 ................. ....., hod
been sent to work in his foctor,y during World Wor ll. Most of the films
14............,.................... Spielberg hos mode hove been enormously populor
oll over the wodd.

'i'rI-i 179
 Modutre t
S*rffming * $s,en &eff*ing relathse clauses A: Have you seen the book I'm reading?
B: Yes, it's in the bookcase .........you left it"
6 Fill in the gaps with the correct relative
pronoun or adverb. A: My aunt is such a nice person.
B: Yes, I'll never forget I first met
Linda. ..... works in the her.
school libran,. is my cousin.
1993 was the year he started A: The film ............... you recommended was
universiq'. violent.
That's the park .. we go
B: Yes, but I did warn you.
cyclin_e on Sundays. A: The sand on the beach is so hot.
Athens, .. is the capital of Greece, B: That's you should wear your sandals.
is one of the most famous cities in the world.
A: Who's that girl?
Animais ........ eat meat
B: She comes from the small village ..:..........--
are called'carnivores'
is at the top of the mountain.
The car . is outside our
house is Bob's.
9 Correct the mistakes and say whether the
That's the woman
correct sentence has a defining or non-
husband is an architect.
defining relative clause, as in the example-

The skirt, that my friend gave me, is far

7 Join the sentences using relative pronouns too small.
and adverbs. The skirt that ml friend gave me is far
1 That's the town. I was born there. tuo small. D
The song, that's playing on the radio, is
an old favourite of mine.
Nathan is 45 vears old. He works at our
company.
3 That's the caf6, where I first saw Trisha.

3 This is the church. We got married there.

The human heart which pumps blood
around the body is made of muscle.
Martin has gone to France. His father is a
painter.
The cinema, that is near my house, is
showing some old Hitchcock films.

8 Fill in who, which, whom, whose, when, My mum who is a policewoman works
where or why. Say whether they can be long hours.
omitted or not.
1A: Is this the shop r,,,hjcl: you told me about
last week? (il ilir: b* i;mitted.) 7 Mount Everest which is the highest
No, it's in the next street, mountain on earth is very difficult to
climb.
Who was that man waved to us?
He's the man ............... house I bought. 'i .rl

What are you doing about the staff for 8 It's beautiful and sunny today which is
your new shop? why I'm so happy.
I have taken on the woman ............... I
interviewed last week.
98
S.{ C*ffiditlor'aal patt*rr:s
Stop & check
These sentences all contain a corrrmon error. Correct the part
of each sentence that is incorrect.
I If I'd saved my money Iast year, I am able to afford it.
2 If I couid play better, I win more matches.
3 If I left my house earlier yesterday, I would have got there on time.
4 If I'd seen him there, I had said hello to him.
5 If I'll see Jack at college tomorrow I'll ask him what his plans are.
6 If I'd been thinking more carefully, I didn't make that mistake.
UsC fxan*p{e
lf'+,present,simple,clau se i,' +:,,r11i11:S:: gning fo'clause'
the first conditional for real possibilities
= rf + p'ossi'bility:.in,.the'future,+ r'esult,in the f utu ie "lf i"h,aie' eioiJgi:,niOne7lrie*t'fe,6'#r*t hoase;t,iu
= lf +.passibifity rc.the p'r€sent rresui{,in,,thert-fs 1,

if + past si rnp ctau s e +',, 1 1'wol*td.elarise

+- Se{riething'untrue in:.the, present +:i#rposs+b

=#
result'in'the.'pr€)sent.or futurei'.
:
:' :" : ' '' :
*
= lf + sornething unlikely n6e-f ur€ + untikely' ,' ,'
result"i l6*'*nre r"
were,.Can.,be:.used,i nstead of vvaS

ff+ past per'fect ciause + ,,.+'Worl{d-havedoneetause

the thiru,-coliditionai' for past,poSsibtlities,'
= if + something that didn't happen in the past +
result that didn't happen in the past

[Jse if + past perfect .cla u se. +',,'. + :w ot tld,: clause

a mixed conditional lf,yaiuhadn:t-staygd,,auIlgl9:,laisii.night;:.p,u.,w-a..ddntt
r = il*rsor?)ething that didn't happen thd past + ' b e ti r ed. rt ew,:{= you. d'ld $ay. gtlll$€:last, nigfil,, 9
result that isn't true in the present
.: yoru arstired,now)

i note: all of the above patterns can be used with continuous tenses:
lf I find something better to do, I won't be working here this time next year.
lf you're getting bored, l'll change the subiect.
lf the weather was better, t'd be feeling happier.
lf I was earning more money, I'd be able to have a holiday this summer.
tf t wasn't working tomorrow, I'd go out tonight.
lf you'd been concentrating, you wouldn't have made that mistake.
lf you'd been working as hard as me, you'd be feeling tired now.

154 UN|T g
 present tf ,l ha:ve enough 'maney next year, I might I may buy
a house.
t,f. you, hadntt heJped me, I night l.may nat, haue
succeeded.

Use could in conditional patterns

taltE o. q, lesutl ei eonsequen'ee.that is' a n
td-

nitiy€:wi th,out fo
l).s€i.-c.Av l d,;+:' if-$
.-.,t o,-t€,tk,ab€ut :Er r€stilt or co n sequen€e in th e p r-es ent lf, j.wa*.tle..lal:tery, l, could give up wa,rk.

; te,talk:abOu.1,.a resUlt :eor:rsequence i*,$€..p*$t,- :' ff yau h ad4lt',belped, me,-:l .aould n1t h ave d one lt.
(!h,i r.d,,:c. eaditia,nA l)

,, .tJ.se,:$!gqld,i4co.nditjonq!, tte1,n1,,,,
.,,w,hen,. g r:iistr iS.sO.rneXhing thatrwiJl ,probably happen l{' yaq : !,e avg .r}.o,\ry, yo u s h o u I d n' t be, I ate,

use shou/d + infinitive without fo

.
when the result or consequence is a suggestion or ff y a u w a n ted 1o' ke ep. th.i s,s ec rgt, .yo.u,s h s ul d n' t h av e
. . pi€i.C., . a.dvic- e.;.,t*se'the, app ro.p.ri!.t f-o1'q of s hau ! d', ,;ta!.d,Gieg;gg-,..1 : : .

..,W.hbn$e,result . r.eqnseq uence:, is someth n g th at the i lf, tttei t,: Btane taek. afl oa.ti rae,'it sh ou l d h ave
' ,,speakeibdieves tb be--al6grcai explanation; use the arrived by'notm
aB-p.f,qp1iate.@,.of,.,sho iW''''',' .'',',,,,

I Rewrite these sentences to form first, second, third or mixed conditionals.

't You're unfrt because you don't do enough exercise.

lf you ..........
2 I got angry because he was rude to me.

3 I might go to live in Australia but l'll have to find a job first

tf I .................................;
4 You only know about this because I told you.

lf 1 ..................:......................;.'...........
5 I didn't tell her about it because she didn't ask me.

lf she .........
6 You don't know thrs programme because you don't watch television a lot.

7 We're not sitting outside because it's raining.

lf i1...........:..
8 We're friends again because he apologized to me.
lf he...........
9 You didn't hear what I said because you weren't listening.

10 l'm feeling ill because I ate too much.

tft

uNrT I 155
i: i.
'3.]-
r':,
*:..
it ::.
I )i,
*i::
E:
iJ.: ffi fne following are quotations from interviews in whicfi famo*s peopte talk about their lives. Rewrite
s*
*,5i them using first, second, third or mixed conditionals.
#r.::
9+
*.:ii
R:!; 1 'l might stop being famous but it won't worry me.'
$,*

*.
2 'l'm having a wonderlul time because l'm doing a lot of interesting things.
lf | ...............
3 'l'm rich and famous because the public like me.'
lf tha
rr nr rhlin
Lr ru vuuIU

4 'l became extremely famous because I was lucky.'

:l:
E::.
Br.:
e::. 'People go to see my films because they're entertaintng.'
k
w

8r: lf my films ...............:.... .

ffi
'l only got to the top because I have a lot of talent.'
F;
&i
*3.
I f I .. .. .. ,. ...... ........ .. ....... .. .

6i;:
gr, 'l don'i know why my music is so popular; so I can't explain it.'
Iir
:i'
tf t............,.
'l might win an award and then I'll be very pleased.'

'l'm successful today because I was determined to succeed whr3n I was Younge['

10 l'm not living an ordinary life because l'm working in show business.
lf 1..............

Sl Rewrite these sentences using the words in brackets

1 lf I'd known all the facts, it's possible that I wouldn't have made that decision. (may)
lf l'd known all the facts ........... ..- ,.....'.'...........' that decision'

? lf you gave me a hand, it would be possible for me to do this much more quickly. (could)
lf you gave me a hand, ......,............................, rnuch mOre quiCkly

3 lf you need any advice in the future, it's possible that l'll be able to give you some. (might)
If you need any advice in the future '...r......i.' give you some.

4 If I'd applied earlier, it's possible that I would have got the job. (might)
lf l'd applied earlrer, the job.

5 Concentrare and you probably won't frnd this too difficutt. (shouldn't)
tf ................. this too difficult'

6 I have so much to do that I can't relax. (could)

I f .,.... . .
' ' ''
.... . . ..'...''.''''''' ''

7 He got a green card and that's why he was able to work in the US. (couldn't)

I They sent it last week. I expected it to be here by now. (should)

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#i
&i Comptete the second sentence so that it means the sarne as the first, using the word given.
ffl
H
ft WritemyaddressdownbecauSeyoUmlghtwanttocontactme.{case)
$i
Bi
.1
iil I'li lend you the money but you must give it back to me next week. (lang)
.ii

You can ask me a thousand times but l'll never agree. (even)
l'll never agree ...........,.......,......... ,...... fiie a thousand tirnes.

i;: , lfyoudon,tworkhard,youwon,tgetanywhereinlife'(unless)
!i;:.1

l1l
#ri
Fr To catch that train we must leave now. (providing)
#+
s:
Hi We,ltcatchthattrain...:........'.',....
ffi
ffi He hasn't got a lot of money but he'd be unhappy anyway' (even)
ffit
sffi: He'd be unhappy .........-.......". a lot of money'
#
ffi l'll be polite to him but he must be polite to me. (provided)
ffil
*l
v6,a
l'll be polite to him ..."............'..'....'........:. polite to me'
ii
lf she doesn't get promoted soon, she'll leave the company. (unless)
i;
ii She'll leave the company ................. .................'.:......."""""" soon'
:.:,
::.
' Let's talk about this now because we might not have an opportunity later. (case)
:::
:, Let's talk about this now .....'.."'.:.'.'.".."...'.."...".'..........." """';"';"""""" an opportunity later'
,
.,i- 10 I didn't run all the way there but I would have been late anyway. (even)
e.
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ABI
&
pl Rewrite these sentences, using one of the words or phrases below
B+
ftt unless in case as long as provided providing even if
ffi
&i
re
&4 1 The match will be cancelled if the weather doesn't improve.
#
tr$
ffi
ffi
E&
F.
ffi
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2 She took a lot of warm clothes because she thought it might be cold there'
ET
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6
mi
si
tr
Iel
f^
3 I didn't want to see the concert but I couldn't afford a ticket anyway
Hl
E:
$,
E-,
6I:
s, 4 l'll help you this time but you mustn't expect me to do it every time.
$..
E-
6i
5r:
iF 5 I'll give you a key because I might not be here to let you in when you get back.
€r
a9:
ti
6 I might not succeed but l'm going to do my best anylvay.
i:

Z perhaps something unexpected will happen - otherwise, it's going to be another boring day

,i:

;.
I He told me that I could use his compuier but that I had to be careful with it'
1:'
].:
:

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