Copyright © 2018 Halit Demir

This glossary is an excerpt from the below e-book. It may be copied and distributed for non-commercial purposes,
provided that it remains in its complete original form. If you would like to view more sample pages from the book,
please visit the author’s web site www.easyturkishgrammar.com.
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

GLOSSARY OF ENGLISH-TURKISH COGNATES

Cognates are words that have a similar spelling, pronunciation, and meaning across two languages. Some English
words exist in Turkish only in the meaning given, or the word class shown. English accent (n), for example, exists
in Turkish only as a noun and not as a verb, or acid (n) exists only as a noun and not as an adjective. And some
words in the two languages sound similar but differ in meaning (false or semi-false cognates). Such cognates are
referred and their Turkish meanings are provided.

In preparing this glossary, 3000 core (basic) English words has been taken as a reference. There may be some other
words that can be added.

.......................................... A...................................... ___.

academy akademi
1
1
Its noun form is akademisyen.
academic (adj) akademik
2
accent (n) aksan
is used for males only. We use the
word oyuncu for both male and
acid (n) asit female performers.
action (n) aksiyon 3
Learn also these compounds:
active aktif hırsız alarmı burglar alarm
2 yangın alarmı fire alarm
actor aktör
araba alarmı car alarm
actress aktris 4
Learn also these compounds:
adaptation adaptasyon
fotoğraf albümü
address (details of a place) adres çıkış (debut) albümü
5
advantage avantaj Its adjective form is alkollü:
alarm (of burglary, fire etc) alarm
3 alkollü içecekler alcoholic drinks
4 6
album albüm In Turkish, apart from the prefixes
we use to intensify adjectives (click
alcohol alkol
for the examples), there are one or two
5
alcoholic (n) alkolik prefixes, of Arabic or Persian origin.
alternative alternatif The most common one is gayri-. It is
used with both adjectives and nouns,
amateur amatör
and it usually corresponds to English
ambulance ambulans un-, im-, non- and the like:
analysis analiz gayriresmî unofficial, informal
6
anti- anti- gayrimeşru unlawful
gayriahlâkî immoral
antibiotic antibiyotik
gayriinsanî inhumane
antidemocratic antidemokratik
gayrimüslim non-Muslim
antipathy, antipathetic antipati, antipatik gayrimenkul immovable property
arena arena

arithmetic aritmetik
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

astronaut astronot 1
1
also means vest/undershirt.
athlete atlet
2
The word for apartment/flat is
athletic atletik
daire.
athletics atletizm 3
Months begin with capital
atmosphere atmosfer
letters when writing dates:
alphabet alfabe 30 Ağustos 1922
2
apartment block apartman 4
We use the word bank for
assistant (n) asistan outdoor benches, especially in
August ağustos
3 parks.
5
authority otorite also means boot/trunk.
auto- oto- 6
The ball used in the game is
autobiography otobiyografi basketbol topu.

automatic otomatik 7
We use düğme for buttons on
automobile otomobil our shirts, coats etc, we don’t use
buton.
.......................................... B.........................................._
bacteria bakteri
balcony balkon
balloon (n) balon
4
bank (place for money) banka
5
baggage (=luggage) bagaj
bar (place to drink in) bar
barrier bariyer (=engel)
6
basketball (game) basketbol
bicycle (n) bisiklet
biscuit (=cookie) bisküvi
biology biyoloji
biological biyolojik
blouse bluz
blue jeans blucin (=kot)
boat bot
bodyguard badigard
bomb (n) bomba
boot (shoe) bot
branch (of a study) branş
bravo bravo
bureau büro
7
button (of a machine; on a website) buton (=düğme)
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

.......................................... C................................ .......

1
cable (wire) kablo We use fotoğraf makinesi for
camera used for taking
cacao kakao photographs.
café kafe 2
It may collocate with these
1
camera (for making films, TV programmes) kamera verbs:
2 kamp yapmak to camp
camp (n) kamp
kampa gitmek to go camping
campaign (n) kampanya
kamp kurmak to set up camp
campus kampüs (=yerleşke) And it may form compounds with
cancer kanser these nouns:
canteen (in a school, factory etc) kantin yaz kampı summer camp
eğitim kampı training camp
capacity kapasite
mülteci kampı refugee camp
3
captain (sailor; team leader) kaptan kamp ateşi camp fire
caravan (=trailer) karavan
4 kamp yatağı camp bed
3
carbohydrate karbonhidrat We use yüzbaşı for captain the
military officer.
carbon karbon
4
card (n) kart We use kervan for a group of
people who travel together,
career (n) kariyer
especially through a desert.
carnival karnaval 5
The written abbreviation of
catalogue/catalog katalog santimetre is the same as that of
category kategori centimetre: cm
6
Catholic Katolik We use it with the verb iç
5 ‘drink’:
centimetre/centimeter santimetre
sigara içmek to smoke
ceremony seremoni
7
champion (n) şampiyon
We use it also for civilian.

channel (n) kanal

chaos kaos
character karakter

chemistry kimya
chocolate çikolata
chorus (n) koro

Christian Hıristiyan
6
cigarette sigara

cinema sinema
7
civil (not part of the military or gov.) sivil

classic (n; adj); classical klasik

clinic klinik
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

club (for an activity or sport) kulüp 1

We use çizgi roman
coalition koalisyon for
coffee kahve comic book.
2
cola kola It may collocate with these verbs:
collective (adj) kolektif kontrat yap make a contract
kontrat imzala sign a contract
collection (set/group) koleksiyon
3
kontrol etmek to control
colony koloni
4
1 kopyalamak
comic (=amusing) komik
to copy something
comedy komedi
kopya çekmek
comedian komedyen to cheat in an exam
committee komite

communication komünikasyon (=iletişim)

complex kompleks

complicated (=complex) komplike

composition (=essay) kompozisyon

concentration konsantrasyon

concept konsept

concert (music) konser

conference konferans
2
contract (n) kontrat (=sözleşme)
3
control (n) kontrol
4
copy (n) kopya

corridor koridor

costume kostüm

cousin (a child of your uncle or aunt) kuzen

cream (for the skin; colour) krem

cream (of milk) krema

credit (n) kredi

credit card kredi kartı

crisis kriz

criterion kriter

criticism; critical (important; serious/worrying) kritik

crystal kristal

culture (n) kültür

cultural kültürel
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

.......................................... D......................................... __

1
dance (n) dans
1 dans etmek to dance
2
degree derece We use ekonomik kriz for
(economic) depression, and we use
democracy demokrasi Büyük Buhran for the Great
democratic demokratik Depression.
3
department (of an organization) departman (=bölüm) dizayn etmek to design
2 4
depression (mental illness) depresyon disipline etmek to discipline
3 (= to teach someone to obey rules
design (n) dizayn
and control their behaviour)
detail (n) detay (=ayrıntı) 5
empati kurmak
detective dedektif to develop empathy
dialogue diyalog 6
imparatorluk empire
digital dijital

diplomat diplomat

diplomatic diplomatik

disadvantage dezavantaj

disk/disc disk

diploma diploma

direct (adj) direkt

4
discipline (n) disiplin

drama drama

doctor (n) doktor

document (n) doküman

dollar dolar

.......................................... E................................................. .... ...

economy (n) ekonomi (=iktisat)

economic; economical ekonomik

editor editör

effort efor (=çaba, gayret, güç)

electricity elektrik

electronic elektronik
5
empathy empati
6
emperor imparator

encyclopaedia ansiklopedi

energy enerji

energetic enerjik
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

equipment ekipman

ethic; ethics; ethical etik 1

We use alıştırma for a set of
ethnic (adj) etnik questions that test a student’s
1 skill or knowledge.
euro (n) avro
2
2
Although the dictionary entry is
exercise (activities for body) egzersiz avro, most people use the word
exotic egzotik with its English spelling and
pronunciation.
expert (n) eksper (=bilirkişi) 3
also means sideburns.
extra ekstra 4
is also used for finals
extreme (adj) ekstrem (=aşırı; sıra dışı) (=final exams).
5
.......................................... F.................................. ...... finanse etmek to finance
6
factor (n) faktör The ball used in the game is
futbol topu.
faculty (of a university) fakülte 7
3
also means car showroom.
favourite favori

federal federal

federation federasyon

film (=movie) film

4
final (n) final
5
finance (n) finans

financial finansal (=malî)

finish (n) finiş (=varış, bitiş)

6
football (game) futbol

form (n) form

format (n) format

formula formül

forum forum

full (adj) ful

function (n) fonksiyon (=işlev)

functional fonksiyonel (=işlevsel)

............................. G................................ .... .....

galaxy galaksi
7
gallery galeri

garage (=carport) garaj

gas (n) gaz

 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

gendarme jandarma

general (in the army) general

general (adj) genel

generation jenerasyon (=nesil, kuşak)

gentleman (a man who is always polite) centilmen

gesture (n) jest

geography coğrafya

geometry geometri

geometric geometrik

global global (=küresel)

goal (in football) gol

golf golf

gram/gramme gram (written abbr. g/gm)

grammar gramer (=dil bilgisi)

group (n) grup

grey gri
1
garantili guaranteed (adj)
1
guarantee (n) garanti 2
onurlanmak to be/feel honoured
guitar gitar

gymnastics jimnastik

.......................................... H................................. .........

habitat habitat

hall (=hallway) hol

hamburger hamburger

harmony harmoni

helicopter helikopter

hello (when answering the phone) alo

hobby hobi

hockey hokey
2
honour (n) onur

hotel otel

hypothesis hipotez (=varsayım)

 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

.......................................... I................................. ...... _

Remember that
ideal ideal in Turkish I/ı and İ/i are
idealist idealist different letters.

ideology ideoloji

ideological ideolojik

illegal (adj) illegal (=yasa dışı)

illusion illüzyon

illusionist illüzyonist

image (public opinion) imaj

index (n) indeks

indirect endirekt (=dolaylı)

infection enfeksiyon

instrument (of music) enstrüman (=çalgı, müzik aleti)

integration entegrasyon

international (adj) enternasyonal (=uluslararası)

Internet İnternet

industry endüstri (=sanayi)

industrial endüstriyel

inflation (in prices) enflasyon

information enformasyon (=bilgi)

institute (n) enstitü

irony ironi

ironic ironik

Islam İslâm

.......................................... J................................ ........

1
jacket (for the body) ceket The apostrophe shows the
syllable division.
jet (plane) jet
Normally, a consonant
jury jüri between two vowels forms a
syllable with the vowel that
.......................................... K.................................. .............. comes after it.
(shish) kebab/kabob (şiş) kebap

kilogram/kilogramme kilogram (written abbr. kg)

kilometre/kilometer kilometre (… km)
1
Koran, Qur'an Kur’an
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

.......................................... L........................................ .........

laboratory laboratuvar

lamp lamba

laser lazer

leader lider

league lig
1
legal legal (=yasal) also means bachelor’s degree.
lemon limon lisansüstü
postgraduate/graduate (adj)
lemonade limonata
lisansüstü öğrencisi
liberal liberal graduate student
1 2
licence (n) lisans sınırlamak, kısıtlamak
2 to limit
limit (n) limit
3
3 listelemek to list
list (n) liste
4
lobi yapmak to lobby
lira lira
5
also means celebrity news.
litre/liter litre (written abbr. l)
6
4 maskelemek to mask
lobby (n) lobi
7
masaj yapmak to massage
local (adj) lokal

.......................................... M................................... .......

machine makine
5
magazine (of fashion, computer etc) magazin

manager menajer

manual (≠ automatic) manüel

March (the third month) mart

market (to buy things) market

6
mask (n) maske
7
massage (n) masaj

match (a sports event) maç

material (=materials) materyal

maths/math matematik

maximum maksimum (written abbr. max)

May (the fifth month) mayıs

mechanics; mechanical mekanik

mechanism mekanizma

medal (n) madalya

 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

media medya
1
mesaj almak to get a message
melody melodi
mesaj bırakmak to leave a message
menu menü mesaj göndermek to send a message
1 mesaj iletmek to pass on a message
message mesaj
metaphor metafor (=mecaz)
metaphorical metaforik (=mecazî)
metal, metallic metal, metalik
metropolis metropol
metre/meter metre (written abbr. m)
millimetre/millimeter milimetre (… mm)
million milyon 2
milyoner olmak
2 to become a millionaire
millionaire milyoner
mineral mineral
mental mental (=zihinsel)
method metot (=yöntem)
minimum minimum (written abbr. min)
3
mini- mini-
3
minibus minibüs mini etek miniskirt
mini bar mini-bar
mobile (adj) mobil mini buzdolabı mini fridge
model model 4
motive etmek to motivate
modern modern
molecule molekül
momentum momentum
morale moral
4
motivation motivasyon
motor (n) motor
museum müze
music müzik
musical müzikal
musician müzisyen
Muslim Müslüman
myth mit

........................................ N............................. ............ .... ........ __

natural (not false or artificial) natürel (=doğal)

negative negatif 5
also means mark/grade.
normal normal
5
note (to remind you); notes (for studying) not
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

note (music) nota

nuclear nükleer

number (in a set/list; phone) numara (written abbr. No) 1

.......................................... O......... ............................. ..............

1
objective (adj) objektif (=nesnel) We use sayı for a number used
in representing a quantity.
office (a building; room) ofis
Numara also means trick
Olympic olimpik (something to deceive someone).
Olympic Games Olimpiyat Oyunları Numara yapmak means to be
opera opera pretend to be interested, ill etc
(=to fake).
operation operasyon 2
2
also means surgeon.
operator (of a machine; a business) operatör 3
We use org for organ the
3
organ organ musical instrument.
organic organik 4
organize etmek to organize
organization organizasyon 5
paniklemek to panic
4
organized organize 6
park etmek to park (vehicle)
original (not a copy; new) orijinal 7
We use makarna for English
oxygen oksijen pasta.
8
.......................................... P......................................... _
fotokopi çekmek to photocopy

packet paket

panel panel
5
panic (n) panik
6
park (n) park

partner (n) partner

party (for fun; in politics) parti

pasta pasta (means cake) 7

penalty (in football) penaltı

pension (a small cheap hotel) pansiyon

pepper (n) biber

performance performans

period (n) periyot

perspective perspektif

personnel personel

phobia; -phobia fobi

phonetic; phonetics fonetik

8
photocopy (n) fotokopi
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

1
photograph (n) fotoğraf 1
fotoğraf çekmek to photograph
physics fizik 2
piknik yapmak to picnic
piano piyano 3
planlamak to plan
2
picnic (n) piknik 4
polis memuru police officer
pilot (n) pilot

pizza pizza
3
plan (n) plan

plastic plastik
4
police polis

policy (of insurance) poliçe

policy; politics politika

politic; political politik

portrait (n) portre

popular (liked by a lot of people) popüler

position (n) pozisyon

positive pozitif

poster poster

potato patates

potential potansiyel

pound (unit of money) paunt

practical pratik (adj)

practice (n) pratik (n)

presentation (to give a talk) prezantasyon

prince prens

princess prenses

principle prensip

problem problem

professional profesyonel

professor (in a British university) profesör

profile (n) profil

programme/program (n) program

project (n) proje

procedure prosedür
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

promotion (the activity of advertising) promosyon

protein protein
1
1 protesto etmek to protest
protest (n) protesto
2
We use telsiz (lit wireless) for
protocol protokol
the equipment, for example on a
psychology psikoloji ship, which can send and receive
spoken messages.
psychological psikolojik
3
riskli risky
psychologist psikolog

.......................................... R.......................................... _

radical radikal

rational rasyonel
2
radio (for listening to music and news) radyo

reaction reaksiyon

realist; realistic realist

reality realite

reform (n) reform

regime rejim

report (a written/spoken description) rapor

restaurant restoran (=lokanta)

rhythm ritim
3
risk (n) risk

robot robot

rocket (n) roket

role rol

role model rol model

romance romantizm

romantic romantik

routine rutin

.......................................... S..................................... ....

salad salata

sandwich (n) sandviç

sauce sos

scandal skandal

scenario senaryo

score (of a sport or game) skor

 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

sector sektör

secretary sekreter

secular seküler 1
1
The Turkish Language
selfie selfie Institution (Türk Dil Kurumu),
seminar seminer the official regulatory body of
2
the Turkish language, coined the
service (n) servis word özçekim, literally
3 translating as self-photography.
sex (activity) seks
However, people prefer to use
sexy seksi selfie.
4 The institution has not yet added
shampoo (n) şampuan
özçekim, or selfi (the form of
signal (n) sinyal Turkish spelling) to its
show (a performance for the public) şov dictionaries.
2
social (adj) sosyal also means school bus.
Some businesses and government
specific spesifik
bodies also operate similar
speculation spekülasyon vehicles to transport their
employees to or from work.
sponsor (n) sponsor
3
seks yapmak to have sex
sport (n) spor
karşı cins the opposite sex
spray (n) sprey
We use cinsiyet to refer to
stadium stadyum someone’s sex.
standard standart 4
şampuanlamak to shampoo
star (a famous performer/player) star (=yıldız) 5
also means sweet/candy.
station (of train; radio) istasyon 6
şaşırtmak to surprise
status statü şaşırmak to be surprised
7
strategy strateji We use anlayış for sympathy,
strategic stratejik
and we use anlayışlı, duyarlı or
halden anlayan for
stress (feelings of worry or anxiety) stres sympathetic.
studio stüdyo

subjective (≠ objective) sübjektif (=öznel)

5
sugar (n) şeker

super (adj, adv) süper

supermarket süpermarket
6
surprise (n) sürpriz

symbol sembol

symbolic sembolik

sympathy sempati (means liking) 7

sympathetic sempatik (means likable)
system sistem
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

.......................................... T............................. ...........

tablet tablet

tactic, tactical taktik

tank tank

taxi taksi

technician teknisyen

technique; technical teknik

technology teknoloji

technological teknolojik
1
1
telgraf çekmek to telegraph
telegraph (n) telgraf
2
telefon etmek to telephone
2
telephone (n) telefon 3
We use dehşet, or korku for
telescope teleskop terror, meaning extreme fear.
4
television televizyon also means multiple choice
exam.
tennis tenis
5
3
also means night gown.
terror (violent action) terör
6
also means tone.
terrorism terörizm

terrorist terörist
4
test (medical; machine/product) test

text (written material) tekst (=metin)

tip (money) tip (=bahşiş)

theatre (to see plays) tiyatro

therapy terapi

therapist terapist

theology teoloji

theological teolojik

theory teori

theoretical teorik

thermometer termometre
5
toilet tuvalet

tolerance tolerans

tomato domates
6
ton ton
 Copyrighted material
www.easyturkishgrammar.com

tour (n) tur

tourism turizm

tourist turist

tournament turnuva

traffic (n) trafik

tragedy trajedi

tragic trajik

train (railway) tren

transfer (n) transfer

tropic tropik

tropical tropikal

t-shirt tişört

tube (pipe for liquid) tüp

tunnel (n) tünel

TV TV

type (n) tip

Remember that
.......................................... U................................ ............. _

in Turkish U/u and Ü/ü

uniform (n) üniforma are different letters.

unit (of a book) ünite

universal üniversal

university üniversite

.......................................... V.......................................
vase vazo

version versiyon 1
= the knowledge and
video (n) video imagination that are needed in
planning for the future with a
virus virüs
clear purpose.
1
vision vizyon

visionary vizyoner

vitamin vitamin

volleyball voleybol

volume (sound; book) volüm

.......................................... Y................................. ...

yacht yat
 Also, view sample pages from

at www.easyturkishgrammar.com