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ALAGABAN, FELIX
CAUMBO, JOSEPH
PANERIO, DEMETRIO JR. S.
ROJO, ALPEE
SILVERIO, JUNAR JOHN
A Research Study Submitted to the Senior High School Department, Kidapawan City
National High School, In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Practical Research I.
MARCH 2017
Republic of the Philippines
KIDAPAWAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School Department
TRANSMITTAL
The research study attached entitled “THE IMPORTANCE 0F SIGNS AND SYMBOLS IN
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE – KIDAPAWAN CITY
NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL”prepared and submitted by ALAGABAN, CAUMBO,
PANERIO, ROJO, SILVERIO, in partial fulfillment of the requirement s for Practical
Research I.
MARICEL B CAMPO
Practical Research I-Teacher
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Faith is a living, daring confidence in God’s grace, so sure and certain that a man could
This research paper is made possible through the help and support from everyone,
including Parents. Teacher and Friends. Especially, please allow us to dedicate our
First and foremost, we could like to thank Go for his unconditionally guidance and
wisdom as we make our research. Second, we would like to thank our Practical Research I –
Teacher Ma’am Maricel B. Campo for her support and encouragement. This give us the
experience on how to cooperate and engage ourselves in this serious project. Finally, we
sincerely thank to our Parents, Our Family and friends who provides the advice and financial
support to our research. The product of this research paper would not be possible without all of
them.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY PAGESPages
Title Page i
Transmittal ii
Acknowledgement iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Appendices v
Abstract vi
CHAPTER I – THE RESEARCH PROBLEM1
Introduction 1
Objectives 2
Research Question 2
Scope and Delimitation 2
Significance of the Study 3
CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE4
CHAPTER III – METHODOLOGY8
CHAPTER IV – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION10
CHAPTER V – SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION11
REFERENCES 13
APPENDICES 14
CURICULUM VITAE 15
LIST OF APPENDICES
NO. TITLE
1 SURVEY QUESTIONIER
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to know the importance of signs and symbols in electrical
35 data were collected through questionnaire. 35 respondents were selected using random
sampling. The respondents of the study are the Electrical Installation and Maintenance Students.
Results showed that Electrical Installation and Maintenance students are knowledgeable
in the importance of signs and symbols. Knowing the importance of signs and symbols it can
gave us a safety procedure in installation. We also need to know the function of signs and
symbols to give us safe and secure in installation. The possible consequences of not following
the signs and symbols are there will be possible outcome in accident and also it can cause death
Introduction
Signs and symbols are so important when you are an electrician because you can avoid
accident. One of the most remarkable achievement in the evolution of humankind is how we
learned to communicate through symbol. In our language, images and gesture convey message
that must be learned and interpret by others. The symbols is something that represent or stand for
something else.
In electrical installation one should know what are the signs and symbols. Symbols are
small drawing or pictograms use represent various electrical services in s diagrams and electrical
circuit. The symbols are use in sketching schematic diagrams and electrical plans for numerous
types of electrical works. The signs is so important because when you know of any picture in
electrical you can avoid potential hazardous condition. Knowing and understanding those signs
and symbols will help you operate your tool better and more safety (H. Wayne Beaty)
Through this study, it will give us an idea on the importance of signs and symbols in
electrical installation. We will aware on the functions of signs and symbols and know the
This study aimed to provide information on the importance of signs and symbols in
3. Too determine the consequences of nit following the signs and symbols.
Research Question
General Question:
What is the importance of signs and symbols in Electrical Installation and Maintenance?
Specific Questions:
3. What are the possible consequences of not following the signs and symbols?
This study was delimited on student’s opinion on the importance of signs and symbols
In Electrical Installation and Maintenance. It involves the Senior High School Students of
Kidapawan City National High School taking up Electrical Installation and Maintenance strand.
3
The electricians will be benefited from this study. The result of the study will give
information on the signs and symbols in Electrical Installation and Maintenance. Through this,
they will be aware on the possible hazards and consequences of not following the signs and
The students will also benefited from this study because they will be aware on the importance of
signs and symbols and they can prepare themselves for the actual work.
CHAPTER II
devices (such as wires, batteries, resistors and transistors) in a schematic diagram of an electrical
or electronic circuit, these symbols can (because of remaining traditions) vary from country to
country, but are today to a large extent internationally standardized. Some symbols represent
components (such as vacuum tubes) which ceased to be used routinely as newer technologies
were introduced(http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/symbol.htm).
how to read and interpret symbols so that it’s clear what kind of electricity is used and also how
much electricity is use. The more information given and understood, the more safety electricity
Wires and connections components circuit symbols function of component wire to pass
current very from one part of a circuit to another. Wires joined a “blob” should be drawn where
wires are connected, but it is sometimes omitted. Wires connected at ‘crossroads’ should be
staggered slightly to form two T-junctions, as shown on the right , wires not joined in complex
diagram it is often necessary to draw wires crossing even though they are not connected. I prefer
the ‘bridge’ symbols shown on the right because the simple crossing on the left may be misread
as a join where you have forgotten to add a ‘blob’ power supplies component circuit symbols
(http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/symbol.htm).
5
Battery supplies electrical energy is more than one cell, the large terminal (on the left) is
positive (+), DC supply supplies electrical energy, DC= Direct Current always flowing one
direction. Fuse a safety device which will ‘blow’ if the current flowing through it exceeds a
specified value. Transformer two coils of wire linked by an iron core.Transformer are used to
step up (increase) and step down (decrease) AC voltages, energy is transferred between the coils
by the magnetic field in the core. There is no electrical connection between the coils. For many
electronic circuit this is the OV (zero volts) of the power supply, but for mains electricity and
some radio circuits it really means the earth, It is also known as ground
(http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/symbol.htm).
An electronic symbol is a pictogram used to represent various electrical and electronic devices
or electronic circuit. These symbols can (because of remaining traditions) vary from country to
country, but are today to a large extent internationally standardized. Some symbols represent
components (such as vacuum tubes) which ceased to be used routinely as newer technologies
Field potentials are mainly information-rich signs of underlying processes, but sometimes
they are also signals for neighboring cells, that is, they exert influence. This paper concerns
opportunities for new research with many channels of wide-band (spike and slow wave)
recording. A wealth of structure in time and three-dimensional space is different at each scale—
micro-, meso-, and macroactivity. The depth of our ignorance is emphasized to underline the
opportunities for uncovering new principles. We cannot currently estimate the relative
importance of spikes and synaptic communication vs. extrasynaptic graded signals. In spite of a
preponderance of literature on the former, we must consider the latter as probably important. We
6
are in a primitive stage of looking at the time series of wide-band voltages in the compound,
local field, potentials and of choosing descriptors that discriminate appropriately among brain
loci, states (functions), stages (ontogeny, senescence), and taxa (evolution). This is not
surprising, since the brains in higher species are surely the most complex systems known. They
(http://www.pnas.org/content/94/1/1.short).
Many books describe the design process and styles for creating individual signs;
However, little research exists about the impact of signs on a sense of place. Much of the writing
about signs is solely opinions and declarations. Some writers and designers state that signs create
chaos and confusion along busy streets and highways (Blake; Tunnard and Pushkarev;
Constatine).
Often groups of signs are organized into a system that work together to give identity to
A place, as well as to inform, direct, educate, and entertain people (Finke, You are Here, 5).
Signs systems are called many things including environmental graphics or urban graphics.
zoos, or amusement parks often display these types of systems. In such situations, the designers
do not respond to existing signs but instead create a consistent unified approach.
Some systems, like transit systems or tourism directories, occur throughout a district or city
(Finke, Urban Identities). Many of this latter system types are closely tied to wayfinding in
Like the complex architectural accumulations of the Roman Forum, the Strip by day
reads as chaos if you perceive only its forms and exclude its symbolic content. The Forum, like
the Strip, was a landscape of symbols with layers of meaning evident in the location of roads and
7
buildings, representing earlier buildings, and the sculpture piled all over. Formally, the Forum
was an awful mess; symbolically it was a rich mix. (Venturi, Scott Brown, and Izenour 117)
An individual sign requires clarity and legibility to accomplish its goal. Many signs are
(Passini 100). Research has been conducted on the factors contributing to legibility of signs,
constitute in symbolic contact. Spatial symbolnot using graphic symbol but only certain spatial
form. The conclusion of the chapter was that symbol has following attributes: transparency,
arbitrary, participation in presentation force, multi lateness indication beyond itself hierarchical
structure, symbols explain always spiritual reality, symbols have always sacred character, and
full symbol meaning can be explained only with reference (G. Rockis, 2001).
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
General Procedure
Population
The respondents of this study are the Senior High School Electrical Installation and
Sampling Frame
The list of Senior High School Electrical Installation and Maintenance students of
Kidapawan City National High School are taken from their adviser. The names of the students
Sampling Method
The sample method use in this study is a simple random sampling. Using a pure chance
selection, 35 randomized number were selected. The names corresponding that number in the
Sample
The respondents that will constitute the sample are the ones chosen in the simple random
sampling.
9
2. Data Collection
Data will be collected through questionnaire, The 35 sample respondents will be given a
questionnaire.
3. Data Analysis
Data from the questionnaire will be analyzed in methodical ways. It will be presented in
Respondents are asked about the importance of signs and symbols during electrical
installation and maintenance. Majority of them answer that the electrical signs and symbols they
have known are electrical sign, warning sign, caution sign, alert sign
They are also asked why we need to know the function of signs and symbols, the
following are their answers: to avoid trouble in electrical signs and symbols; to be aware on any
accident that can caused injured and can be fatal; to give them safety and away from accident;
Electrical Installation is a hazardous job, according to them the following are the possible
consequences of not following the signs and symbols: they get harmed in their lives; they will be
prone from danger; there will be backjob; it can cause accident and it can result in short circuit.
CHAPTER V
This chapter includes the summary of the research, the conclusion of the study and the
This study observe the importance of signs and symbols. The literature review was
concentrated to the signs and symbols. In fact the importance of the signs and symbols was to
give a safety work to the worker or the electrician. The process of this type of research in
electrical installation show that in our daily need, we need this kind signs and symbols in
The respondents in this research are the 35 Electrical Installation and Maintenance
The intention was to know the importance of signs and symbols in Electrical Installation.
The safety procedure and the possible consequences of not following the signs and symbols.
Signs and Symbols is very important in electrical installation and maintenance. From the
data gathered it can be showed that the respondents are knowledgeable on the importance of
signs and symbols in electrical installation and maintenance. Knowing the functions of this signs
The importance of knowing the signs and symbol is we can practice a safety procedure.
And it is gave a safety work to the worker or the electrician. In following safety procedure we
can avoid accident and you sure that your life are in safety when you have a safety proper
12
procedure. The consequences of not following the signs and symbols are so danger to us because
when you not follow the step there is possible that you are dead in installation.
We recommend a further study on this topic to be able to know the importance of signs
and symbols in electrical installation and maintenance. The students must be aware of the signs
and symbols in electrical installation and maintenance is very necessary and you must learned
and memorize all the signs and symbols. And to the home owner must aware also of any signs
and symbols that can help them to avoid accidents and also they know what to do when accident
happen.
13
REFERENCES
Erlanger, Joseph and Gasser, Herbert, 1937. Electrical signs of nervous activity.
Rockis, G. 2001. Electrical symbols and line diagram, logic applied to line diagram.
Blake, Tunnard and Pushkarew, Constatine, 1947. Design process and style for creating
David P.C. Lloyd, 1975. Electrical signs of impulse conduction in spinal moto neurons.
Hillyard, Hink, Schvent, Piction, 1978. Electrical signs of selective attention in the
APPENDICES
We are the students of Electrical Installation and Maintenance in Kidapawan City National High School.
As part of the research, we need to conduct a survey on at least 35 persons regarding the Importance of
Signs and Symbols. We would like to solicit your help in the completion of this research paper by being a
respondents in this survey. We assure you that all answer will be taken with utmost confidentiality. Thank
You
Alagaban, Felix
Caumbo, Joseph
Rojo, Alpee
Noted By:
Maricel B. Campo
Practical Research I Teacher
3. What are the possible consequences of not following the signs and symbols?
15
CURRICULUM VITAE
1. PERSONAL INFORMATION
AGE:17
SEX:Male
STATUS:Single
FATHER:FelixAlagabanSr
OCCUPATION:Laborer
MOTHER:EmmaAlagaban
OCCUPATION:House Keeper
2. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
1. PERSONAL INFORMATION
AGE:17
SEX:Male
STATUS:Single
FATHER:MartinCaumbo
OCCUPATION:Automotive Engineer
MOTHER:VrendaCaumbo
OCCUPATION:Vendor
1. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
1. PERSONAL INFORMATION
AGE: 17
SEX: Male
STATUS: Single
MOTHER: CherlinaPanerio
1. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
1. PERSONAL INFORMATION
AGE:17
SEX:Male
STATUS:Single
FATHER:Pefecto G. Rojo
OCCUPATION:Laborer
MOTHER:Azlee Y. Rojo
OCCUPATION:House Keeper
1. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
1. PERSONAL INFORMATION
AGE:17
SEX:Male
STATUS:Single
FATHER:Junel G. Silverio
OCCUPATION: Driver
MOTHER:Arley A. Silverio
OCCUPATION:House Keeper
1. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: