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The Importance of Signs and Symbols in

Electrical Installation and Maintenance

ALAGABAN, FELIX
CAUMBO, JOSEPH
PANERIO, DEMETRIO JR. S.
ROJO, ALPEE
SILVERIO, JUNAR JOHN

A Research Study Submitted to the Senior High School Department, Kidapawan City
National High School, In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Practical Research I.

TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL AND LIVELIHOOD TRACK


(Electrical Installation and Maintenance)

MARCH 2017
Republic of the Philippines
KIDAPAWAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School Department

SENIOR HIGH DEPARTMENT

TRANSMITTAL

The research study attached entitled “THE IMPORTANCE 0F SIGNS AND SYMBOLS IN
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE – KIDAPAWAN CITY
NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL”prepared and submitted by ALAGABAN, CAUMBO,
PANERIO, ROJO, SILVERIO, in partial fulfillment of the requirement s for Practical
Research I.

MARICEL B CAMPO
Practical Research I-Teacher
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Faith is a living, daring confidence in God’s grace, so sure and certain that a man could

stake his life on it a thousand times.

This research paper is made possible through the help and support from everyone,

including Parents. Teacher and Friends. Especially, please allow us to dedicate our

acknowledgement of gratitude toward the following significant advisors and contributors.

First and foremost, we could like to thank Go for his unconditionally guidance and

wisdom as we make our research. Second, we would like to thank our Practical Research I –

Teacher Ma’am Maricel B. Campo for her support and encouragement. This give us the

experience on how to cooperate and engage ourselves in this serious project. Finally, we

sincerely thank to our Parents, Our Family and friends who provides the advice and financial

support to our research. The product of this research paper would not be possible without all of

them.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGESPages
Title Page i
Transmittal ii
Acknowledgement iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Appendices v
Abstract vi
CHAPTER I – THE RESEARCH PROBLEM1
Introduction 1
Objectives 2
Research Question 2
Scope and Delimitation 2
Significance of the Study 3
CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE4
CHAPTER III – METHODOLOGY8
CHAPTER IV – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION10
CHAPTER V – SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION11

REFERENCES 13
APPENDICES 14
CURICULUM VITAE 15
LIST OF APPENDICES

NO. TITLE
1 SURVEY QUESTIONIER
ABSTRACT

ALAGABAN, CAUMBO, PANERIO, ROJO, SILVERIO, THE IMPORTANCE OF


SIGNS AND SYMBOLS IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE.
Technical Vocational and Livelihood Track – Electrical Installation and Maintenance Senior
High Department, Kidapawan City National High School. March 2017.

Practical Research I – Teacher: MARICEL B. CAMPO

A study was conducted to know the importance of signs and symbols in electrical

installation and maintenance in school year 2016-2017.

35 data were collected through questionnaire. 35 respondents were selected using random

sampling. The respondents of the study are the Electrical Installation and Maintenance Students.

Results showed that Electrical Installation and Maintenance students are knowledgeable

in the importance of signs and symbols. Knowing the importance of signs and symbols it can

gave us a safety procedure in installation. We also need to know the function of signs and

symbols to give us safe and secure in installation. The possible consequences of not following

the signs and symbols are there will be possible outcome in accident and also it can cause death

of not following the signs and symbols.


CHAPTER I

THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

Introduction

Signs and symbols are so important when you are an electrician because you can avoid

accident. One of the most remarkable achievement in the evolution of humankind is how we

learned to communicate through symbol. In our language, images and gesture convey message

that must be learned and interpret by others. The symbols is something that represent or stand for

something else.

In electrical installation one should know what are the signs and symbols. Symbols are

small drawing or pictograms use represent various electrical services in s diagrams and electrical

circuit. The symbols are use in sketching schematic diagrams and electrical plans for numerous

types of electrical works. The signs is so important because when you know of any picture in

electrical you can avoid potential hazardous condition. Knowing and understanding those signs

and symbols will help you operate your tool better and more safety (H. Wayne Beaty)

Through this study, it will give us an idea on the importance of signs and symbols in

electrical installation. We will aware on the functions of signs and symbols and know the

consequences of not following it (Erlanger, J.; Gasser, H. S, 1937)


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Objectives of the Study

This study aimed to provide information on the importance of signs and symbols in

electrical installation and maintenance

Specifically, the objectives of the study were as follows

1. To determine the kind of signs and symbols.

2. To determine the function of signs and symbols.

3. Too determine the consequences of nit following the signs and symbols.

Research Question

General Question:

What is the importance of signs and symbols in Electrical Installation and Maintenance?

Specific Questions:

1. What are the kinds of sign and symbol?

2. Why do we need to know the functions of signs and symbols?

3. What are the possible consequences of not following the signs and symbols?

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study was delimited on student’s opinion on the importance of signs and symbols

In Electrical Installation and Maintenance. It involves the Senior High School Students of

Kidapawan City National High School taking up Electrical Installation and Maintenance strand.
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Significance of the Study

The electricians will be benefited from this study. The result of the study will give

information on the signs and symbols in Electrical Installation and Maintenance. Through this,

they will be aware on the possible hazards and consequences of not following the signs and

symbols in Electrical Installation.

The students will also benefited from this study because they will be aware on the importance of

signs and symbols and they can prepare themselves for the actual work.
CHAPTER II

REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE

An electronic symbol is a pictogram use to represent various electrical and electronic

devices (such as wires, batteries, resistors and transistors) in a schematic diagram of an electrical

or electronic circuit, these symbols can (because of remaining traditions) vary from country to

country, but are today to a large extent internationally standardized. Some symbols represent

components (such as vacuum tubes) which ceased to be used routinely as newer technologies

were introduced(http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/symbol.htm).

Electricity is a dangerous force, and misusing it could be fatal, it is important to know

how to read and interpret symbols so that it’s clear what kind of electricity is used and also how

much electricity is use. The more information given and understood, the more safety electricity

can be used (http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/symbol.htm).

Wires and connections components circuit symbols function of component wire to pass

current very from one part of a circuit to another. Wires joined a “blob” should be drawn where

wires are connected, but it is sometimes omitted. Wires connected at ‘crossroads’ should be

staggered slightly to form two T-junctions, as shown on the right , wires not joined in complex

diagram it is often necessary to draw wires crossing even though they are not connected. I prefer

the ‘bridge’ symbols shown on the right because the simple crossing on the left may be misread

as a join where you have forgotten to add a ‘blob’ power supplies component circuit symbols

function of component cell supplies electrical energy

(http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/symbol.htm).
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Battery supplies electrical energy is more than one cell, the large terminal (on the left) is

positive (+), DC supply supplies electrical energy, DC= Direct Current always flowing one

direction. Fuse a safety device which will ‘blow’ if the current flowing through it exceeds a

specified value. Transformer two coils of wire linked by an iron core.Transformer are used to

step up (increase) and step down (decrease) AC voltages, energy is transferred between the coils

by the magnetic field in the core. There is no electrical connection between the coils. For many

electronic circuit this is the OV (zero volts) of the power supply, but for mains electricity and

some radio circuits it really means the earth, It is also known as ground

(http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/symbol.htm).

An electronic symbol is a pictogram used to represent various electrical and electronic devices

(such as wires, batteries, resistors, and transistors) in a schematic diagram of an electrical

or electronic circuit. These symbols can (because of remaining traditions) vary from country to

country, but are today to a large extent internationally standardized. Some symbols represent

components (such as vacuum tubes) which ceased to be used routinely as newer technologies

were introduced (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_symbol).

Field potentials are mainly information-rich signs of underlying processes, but sometimes

they are also signals for neighboring cells, that is, they exert influence. This paper concerns

opportunities for new research with many channels of wide-band (spike and slow wave)

recording. A wealth of structure in time and three-dimensional space is different at each scale—

micro-, meso-, and macroactivity. The depth of our ignorance is emphasized to underline the

opportunities for uncovering new principles. We cannot currently estimate the relative

importance of spikes and synaptic communication vs. extrasynaptic graded signals. In spite of a

preponderance of literature on the former, we must consider the latter as probably important. We
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are in a primitive stage of looking at the time series of wide-band voltages in the compound,

local field, potentials and of choosing descriptors that discriminate appropriately among brain

loci, states (functions), stages (ontogeny, senescence), and taxa (evolution). This is not

surprising, since the brains in higher species are surely the most complex systems known. They

must be the greatest reservoir of new discoveries in nature.

(http://www.pnas.org/content/94/1/1.short).

Many books describe the design process and styles for creating individual signs;

However, little research exists about the impact of signs on a sense of place. Much of the writing

about signs is solely opinions and declarations. Some writers and designers state that signs create

chaos and confusion along busy streets and highways (Blake; Tunnard and Pushkarev;

Constatine).

Often groups of signs are organized into a system that work together to give identity to

A place, as well as to inform, direct, educate, and entertain people (Finke, You are Here, 5).

Signs systems are called many things including environmental graphics or urban graphics.

Controlled environments such as mall interiors, corporate or university campuses, museums,

zoos, or amusement parks often display these types of systems. In such situations, the designers

do not respond to existing signs but instead create a consistent unified approach.

Some systems, like transit systems or tourism directories, occur throughout a district or city

(Finke, Urban Identities). Many of this latter system types are closely tied to wayfinding in

public places (Trulove, Sprague, and Colony 9).

Like the complex architectural accumulations of the Roman Forum, the Strip by day

reads as chaos if you perceive only its forms and exclude its symbolic content. The Forum, like

the Strip, was a landscape of symbols with layers of meaning evident in the location of roads and
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buildings, representing earlier buildings, and the sculpture piled all over. Formally, the Forum

was an awful mess; symbolically it was a rich mix. (Venturi, Scott Brown, and Izenour 117)

An individual sign requires clarity and legibility to accomplish its goal. Many signs are

Ineffective at attracting attention or displaying important information because of poor design

(Passini 100). Research has been conducted on the factors contributing to legibility of signs,

particularly on indoor and highway settings (Arthur and Passini 151).

Graphic symbol twodimensional or spatial, standing separately on the building or inside

constitute in symbolic contact. Spatial symbolnot using graphic symbol but only certain spatial

form. The conclusion of the chapter was that symbol has following attributes: transparency,

arbitrary, participation in presentation force, multi lateness indication beyond itself hierarchical

structure, symbols explain always spiritual reality, symbols have always sacred character, and

full symbol meaning can be explained only with reference (G. Rockis, 2001).
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY

General Procedure

1. Selection of Sample Frame

Population

The respondents of this study are the Senior High School Electrical Installation and

Maintenance students of Kidapawan City National High School.

Sampling Frame

The list of Senior High School Electrical Installation and Maintenance students of

Kidapawan City National High School are taken from their adviser. The names of the students

are arranged and assigned a number.

Sampling Method

The sample method use in this study is a simple random sampling. Using a pure chance

selection, 35 randomized number were selected. The names corresponding that number in the

sampling frame will constitute the sample.

Sample

The respondents that will constitute the sample are the ones chosen in the simple random

sampling.
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2. Data Collection

Data will be collected through questionnaire, The 35 sample respondents will be given a

questionnaire.

3. Data Analysis

Data from the questionnaire will be analyzed in methodical ways. It will be presented in

written discussion containing verbal explanation of findings.


CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Respondents are asked about the importance of signs and symbols during electrical

installation and maintenance. Majority of them answer that the electrical signs and symbols they

have known are electrical sign, warning sign, caution sign, alert sign

They are also asked why we need to know the function of signs and symbols, the

following are their answers: to avoid trouble in electrical signs and symbols; to be aware on any

accident that can caused injured and can be fatal; to give them safety and away from accident;

not be ignorant, confuses and curious.

Electrical Installation is a hazardous job, according to them the following are the possible

consequences of not following the signs and symbols: they get harmed in their lives; they will be

prone from danger; there will be backjob; it can cause accident and it can result in short circuit.
CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter includes the summary of the research, the conclusion of the study and the

recommendation for further research end the chapter.

This study observe the importance of signs and symbols. The literature review was

concentrated to the signs and symbols. In fact the importance of the signs and symbols was to

give a safety work to the worker or the electrician. The process of this type of research in

electrical installation show that in our daily need, we need this kind signs and symbols in

Electrical Installation and Maintenance.

The respondents in this research are the 35 Electrical Installation and Maintenance

students of Kidapawan City National High School.

The intention was to know the importance of signs and symbols in Electrical Installation.

The safety procedure and the possible consequences of not following the signs and symbols.

Signs and Symbols is very important in electrical installation and maintenance. From the

data gathered it can be showed that the respondents are knowledgeable on the importance of

signs and symbols in electrical installation and maintenance. Knowing the functions of this signs

and symbols can help avoid an accident.

The importance of knowing the signs and symbol is we can practice a safety procedure.

And it is gave a safety work to the worker or the electrician. In following safety procedure we

can avoid accident and you sure that your life are in safety when you have a safety proper
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procedure. The consequences of not following the signs and symbols are so danger to us because

when you not follow the step there is possible that you are dead in installation.

We recommend a further study on this topic to be able to know the importance of signs

and symbols in electrical installation and maintenance. The students must be aware of the signs

and symbols in electrical installation and maintenance is very necessary and you must learned

and memorize all the signs and symbols. And to the home owner must aware also of any signs

and symbols that can help them to avoid accidents and also they know what to do when accident

happen.
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REFERENCES

Erlanger, Joseph and Gasser, Herbert, 1937. Electrical signs of nervous activity.

Retrieved, September 21 2013 from http://www.kspec.freeuk.com.

Rockis, G. 2001. Electrical symbols and line diagram, logic applied to line diagram.

Retrieved, August 23 2008 from http://www.pnas.org/content/94/1/short.

Jean-Pierre Vasseur, 1965. Electrical generator of qausi-random symbols.Retrieved,

March 18 1987 from http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/electrical_symbol.

Blake, Tunnard and Pushkarew, Constatine, 1947. Design process and style for creating

individual signs. Retrieved, February 17 1984 from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document.

David P.C. Lloyd, 1975. Electrical signs of impulse conduction in spinal moto neurons.

Retrieved, March 4 2006 from http://www.kspec.freeuk/symbols/htm.

Hillyard, Hink, Schvent, Piction, 1978. Electrical signs of selective attention in the

human brain. Retrieved, October 13 2001 from http://www.kspec.freeuk.com/symbo/htm.


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APPENDICES
We are the students of Electrical Installation and Maintenance in Kidapawan City National High School.

As part of the research, we need to conduct a survey on at least 35 persons regarding the Importance of

Signs and Symbols. We would like to solicit your help in the completion of this research paper by being a

respondents in this survey. We assure you that all answer will be taken with utmost confidentiality. Thank

You

Alagaban, Felix

Caumbo, Joseph

Panerio, Demetrio Jr. S.

Rojo, Alpee

Silverio, Junar John

Noted By:

Maricel B. Campo
Practical Research I Teacher

Instructions: answer/s the following question

1. What are the kinds of sign and symbol?

2. Why do we need to know the functions of signs and symbols?

3. What are the possible consequences of not following the signs and symbols?
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CURRICULUM VITAE

1. PERSONAL INFORMATION

NAME: Felix Alagaban Jr.

AGE:17

SEX:Male

STATUS:Single

DATE OF BIRTH:June 15, 1999

PLACE OF BIRTH:MarianoCuenco Street Kidapawan City

FATHER:FelixAlagabanSr

OCCUPATION:Laborer

MOTHER:EmmaAlagaban

OCCUPATION:House Keeper

ADDRESS: Urban WomensSingaoKidapawan City

2. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

SECONDARY:Kidapawan City National High School

PRIMARY:St. Gregory Elementary School


CURRICULUM VITAE

1. PERSONAL INFORMATION

NAME: Joseph Caumbo

AGE:17

SEX:Male

STATUS:Single

DATE OF BIRTH:July 5, 1999

PLACE OF BIRTH:Davao City

FATHER:MartinCaumbo

OCCUPATION:Automotive Engineer

MOTHER:VrendaCaumbo

OCCUPATION:Vendor

ADDRESS: Purok 2 Magsaysay Kidapawan City

1. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

SECONDARY:Kidapawan City National High School

PRIMARY:Kidapawan City Pilot Elementary School


CURRICULUM VITAE

1. PERSONAL INFORMATION

NAME: Demetrio S. PanerioJr

AGE: 17

SEX: Male

STATUS: Single

DATE OF BIRTH: October 21, 1999

PLACE OF BIRTH: Malusing Davao Del sur

FATHER: Demetrio G. Panerio Sr.

OCCUPATION: Business Man

MOTHER: CherlinaPanerio

OCCUPATION: House Keeper

ADDRESS: Purok 1, Magsaysay Kidapawan City

1. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

SECONDARY: Kidapawan City National High School

PRIMARY:IsidoroLonzaga Memorial Elementary School


CURRICULUM VITAE

1. PERSONAL INFORMATION

NAME: Alpee Y. Rojo

AGE:17

SEX:Male

STATUS:Single

DATE OF BIRTH:July 12, 1999

PLACE OF BIRTH:LuviminKidapawan City

FATHER:Pefecto G. Rojo

OCCUPATION:Laborer

MOTHER:Azlee Y. Rojo

OCCUPATION:House Keeper

ADDRESS: PurokManggosteen, Barangay LuviminKidapawan City

1. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

SECONDARY:Kidapawan City National High School

PRIMARY:Juap P. Alipa Memorial Elementary School


CURRICULUM VITAE

1. PERSONAL INFORMATION

NAME:Junar John Silverio

AGE:17

SEX:Male

STATUS:Single

DATE OF BIRTH:October 3, 1999

PLACE OF BIRTH:Amas Provincial Hospital

FATHER:Junel G. Silverio

OCCUPATION: Driver

MOTHER:Arley A. Silverio

OCCUPATION:House Keeper

ADDRESS: SibawanKidapwan City

1. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

SECONDARY:Kidapawan City National High School

PRIMARY:Sibawan Elementary School

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