Discovering Computers

Fundamentals,
2012 Edition
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Objectives Overview

Discuss the advantages

Explain why computer Describe the five and disadvantages that
literacy is vital to components of a users experience when
success in today's world computer working with
computers

Discuss the uses of the Distinguish between

Internet and World system software and
Wide Web application software

See Page 1 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 2

for Detailed Objectives Chapter 1
Objectives Overview

Explain how home users,

small office/home office
Differentiate among types,
users, mobile users, power
sizes, and functions of
users, and enterprise users
computers in each category
each interact with
computers

Discuss how society uses

computers in education,
finance, government, health
care, science, publishing,
travel, and manufacturing

See Page 1 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 3

for Detailed Objectives Chapter 1
A World of Computers

• Computers are everywhere

Pages 2 - 3 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 4

Figure 1-1 Chapter 1
What Is a Computer?

• A computer is an electronic device, operating

under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory

Collects Produces
data Processing information
(input) (output)

Information Processing Cycle

Pages 3 - 4 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 5

Chapter 1
What Is a Computer?

Page 4 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 6

Figure 1-2 Chapter 1
The Components of a Computer

• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and

mechanical components known as hardware
Input Device • Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

Output Device • Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

• Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that

System Unit are used to process data

Storage Device • Holds data, instructions, and information for future use

Communications • Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and

Device information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices

Pages 4 - 7 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 7

Chapter 1
The Components of a Computer

Page 5 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 8

Figure 1-3 Chapter 1
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
Advantages of Disadvantages of
Using Computers Using Computers

Speed Violation of Privacy

Reliability Public Safety

Consistency Impact on Labor Force

Storage Health Risks

Communications Impact on Environment

Page 7 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 9

Chapter 1
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
• Green computing involves reducing the electricity
consumed and environmental waste generated when
using a computer
• Strategies include:
– Recycling
– Regulating manufacturing processes
– Extending the life of computers
– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

Page 7 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 10

Chapter 1
Networks and the Internet

• A network is a collection of computers and devices

connected together, often wirelessly, via communications
devices and transmission media
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that
connects millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals

Page 8 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 11

Chapter 1
Networks and the Internet

Page 8 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 12

Figure 1-6 Chapter 1
Networks and the Internet

• People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:

Communicate Research and Shop Bank and Invest Online Trading

Access Information

Entertainment Share Information Download Videos Web Application

Pages 8 - 9 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 13

Figure 1-7 Chapter 1
Networks and the Internet

• A social networking Web site encourages

members to share their interests, ideas, stories,
photos, music, and videos with other registered
users
– Also called an online social network

Page 10 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 14

Chapter 1
Computer Software

• Software, also called a program, tells the

computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
System Software
• Operating system
• Utility program

Application Software

Pages 11 - 12 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 15

Figures 1-8 – 1-9 Chapter 1
Computer Software

• Installing is the process of setting up software to

work with the computer, printer, and other
hardware

Pages 12 - 13 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 16

Figure 1-10 Chapter 1
Computer Software

• A programmer develops software or writes the

instructions that direct the computer to process
data into information

Page 13 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 17

Figure 1-11 Chapter 1
Categories of Computers
Personal computers

Mobile computers and mobile devices

Game consoles

Servers

Mainframes

Supercomputers

Embedded computers

Pages 14 - 15 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 18

Chapter 1
Personal Computers

• A personal computer can perform all of its input,

processing, output, and storage activities by itself
• Two popular architectures are the PC and the
Apple
– Desktop computer

Pages 15 - 16 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 19

Figures 1-13 - 1-14 Chapter 1
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Mobile Mobile
Computer Device
Personal computer you Computing device small
can carry from place to enough to hold in your
place hand

Examples include smart

Examples include
phones and PDAs, e-
notebook computers,
book readers, handheld
laptop computers,
computers, portable
netbooks, and Tablet
media players, and
PCs
digital cameras

Pages 16 - 18 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 20

Chapter 1
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Notebook computer

Tablet PC

Smart phones and PDAs

E-book reader
Pages 16 - 17 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 21
Figures 1-15 – 1-18 Chapter 1
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Handheld computer

Portable media player

Digital camera

Pages 17 - 18 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 22

Figures 1-19 – 1-20 Chapter 1
Game Consoles

• A game console is a mobile computing device

designed for single-player or multiplayer video
games

Page 18 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 23

Figure 1-21 Chapter 1
Servers

• A server controls access to the hardware,

software, and other resources on a network
– Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data,
and information

Page 19 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 24

Figure 1-22 Chapter 1
Mainframes

• A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful

computer that can handle hundreds or thousands
of connected users simultaneously

Page 19 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 25

Figure 1-23 Chapter 1
Supercomputers

• A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful

computer
– Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing
more than one quadrillion instructions in a single
second

Page 19 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 26

Figure 1-24 Chapter 1
Embedded Computers

• An embedded computer is a special-purpose

computer that functions as a component in a
larger product
Consumer Electronics

Home Automation Devices

Automobiles

Process Controllers and Robotics

Computer Devices and Office

Machines
Page 19 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 27
Chapter 1
Examples of Computer Usage

Home User Small Office/Home Mobile User

• Personal financial Office User • Connect to other computers
management • Look up information on a network or the Internet
• Web access • Send and receive e-mail • Transfer information
• Communications messages • Play video games
• Entertainment • Make telephone calls • Listen to music
• Watch movies

Pages 20 – 23 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 28

Figures 1-26 – 1-28 Chapter 1
Examples of Computer Usage

Power User Enterprise User

• Work with • Communicate
multimedia among employees
• Use industry-specific • Process high
software volumes of
transactions
• Blog

Pages 23 – 24 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 29

Figures 1-29 – 1-30 Chapter 1
Computer Applications in Society

Education
Finance
Government
Health Care
Pages 24 - 26 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 30
Figures 1-31 – 1-34 Chapter 1
Computer Applications in Society

Science
Publishing
Travel
Manufacturing
Pages 26 - 27 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition 31
Figures 1-35 – 1-38 Chapter 1
Discovering Computers
Fundamentals,
2012 Edition
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World

Chapter 1 Complete