Chapter 2 – Conditional Probability ​Answer Key

2.1 ​Tree Diagrams

Answers
1. The answers are as follows:
a.

b. ​i. ​
ii. ​

2. The answers are as follows:

a.

b. ​
3. ​0.65
4. ​The probabilities can be calculated as follows:
Therefore, the students in BDF High School want green and red the most

5. ​The probability can be calculated as follows:

6. ​The number of branches on the tree diagram can be calculated as follows:
7. ​The number of branches on the tree diagram can be calculated as follows:
8. ​The probability can be calculated as follows: 1 − 0.12 − 0.53 − 0.28 = 0.07
9. ​The probability can be calculated as follows:
10. ​The probability can be calculated as follows: 1 − 0.59 = 0.41

2.2 ​Permutations and Combinations Compared

Answers
1. The answer can be calculated as follows:

2. The answer can be calculated as follows:

3. The number of 4-digit numerals can be calculated as follows:

4. The number of ways the students can be chosen can be calculated as follows:

5. The number of ways the TV station can fill the time slots can be calculated as follows:

6. The number of ways teams can finish in first, second, and third place can be calculated as
follows:

7. The number of secret codes that are possible can be calculated as follows:

8. The number of ways Robert can do the matching can be calculated as follows:

9. The probability that the first boy born will be named Sam and the second boy born will
be named Mark can be calculated as follows:
 10. In this case, the first boy born could have the name Peter and the second boy born could
have the name Paul, or vice versa. Therefore, the probability that one of the boys will be
named Peter and the other boy will be named Paul can be calculated as follows:

2.3 ​Permutation Problems

Answers

1. The answer is:

2. The answer is:

3. The answer is:

4. The answer is:

5. The answer is:

6. The answer is:

7. The answer is:

8. The answer is:

9. The answer is:

10.The answer is:

​

CK-12 Basic Probability and Statistics Concepts ​1

Chapter 2 – Conditional Probability ​Answer Key
2.4 ​Permutations with Repetition
Answers

1. The answer is calculated as shown below:

The letters of the word REFERENCE can be arranged in 7,560 ways.

2. The answer is calculated as shown below:

The letters of the word MISSISSIPPI can be arranged in 34,650 ways.

3. The answer is calculated as shown below:

The letters of the word MATHEMATICS can be arranged in 4,989,600 ways.

4. The answer is calculated as shown below:

There are 37,837,800 answer sheets that are possible.

5. The number of 5-digit numerals that can be written can be calculated as follows:

There are 210 5-digit numerals that can be written using the 9 digits.

6. The number of 4-digit numerals that can be written can be calculated as follows:

There are 315 4-digit numerals that can be written using the 10 digits.
There are 315 4-digit numerals that can be written using the 10 digits.

7. The number of 6-digit numerals that can be written can be calculated as follows:

There are 231 6-digit numerals that can be written using the 12 digits.

8. The number of orders in which the drinks can be consumed can be calculated as follows:

The drinks can be consumed in 27,720 different orders.

9. The number of orders in which the store can sell the shirts can be calculated as follows:

The store can sell the shirts in 360,360 different orders.

10.The number of orders in which the store can sell the remaining shirts can be calculated as follows:

The store can sell the remaining shirts in 4,620 different orders.

CK-12 Basic Probability and Statistics Concepts ​1

Chapter 2 – Conditional Probability ​Answer Key
Chapter 2 – Conditional Probability ​Answer Key
2.5 ​Combinations

Answers
1. The answers are as follows:
b. Yes, it would require calculating a combination.
c. No, it would require calculating a permutation.
d. No, it would require calculating a permutation.

2. The number of possible ways can you select 17 songs from a mix CD of a possible 38 songs can
be calculated as follows:

3. The number of different selections you can make can be calculated as follows:

4. The number of lines that can be formed using any 2 dots can be calculated as follows:

5. The number of different committees that can be formed can be calculated as follows:

6. The number of possible wraps that have 1 kind of meat and 3 veggies can be calculated as
follows:
7. The answers can be calculated as follows:
a.

b.

​
8. The number of possible ways that Julia can pack t-shirts and shorts for her vacation can be
calculated as follows:

9. The number of groups of playoff teams that are possible in Major League Baseball can be
calculated as follows:

10. Since there are 12 months in a year, begin by calculating the number of ways 3 months can be
chosen from 12 months as follows:

Since there are 220 ways that 3 months can be chosen from 12 months, and since the first 3 months
of the year and the last 3 months of the year represent 2 of these ways, the probability that Rick gives
up junk food during the first 3 months or the last 3 months of the year can be calculated as follows:
​

CK-12 Basic Probability and Statistics Concepts ​1

Chapter 2 – Conditional Probability ​Answer Key
2.6 ​Combination Problems
Answers

1. The answer is:

2. The answer is:

3. The answer is:

4. The answer is:

5. The answer is:

 6. The answer is:

7. The answer is:

8. The answer is:

9. The answer is:

10.The answer is:

CK-12 Basic Probability and Statistics Concepts ​1

Chapter 1 – Independent and Dependent Events ​Answer Key
Chapter 1 – Independent and Dependent Events ​Answer Key
2.7 ​Conditional Probability
Answers
1.

2.

3.

4. The probability can be calculated as follows:

 5. The probability can be calculated as follows:

6. The probability can be calculated as follows:

7. The probability can be calculated as follows:

8. The probability can be calculated as follows:

9. Since the test is accurate 80% of the time, 80% of the people who have the disease will
test positive for the disease, and 80% of the people who don’t have the disease will test
negative for the disease. This means that 20% of the people who don’t have the disease
will test positive for the disease. Also, since 2.5% of the population has the disease,
97.5% of the population doesn’t have the disease. Therefore, the probability of testing
positive for the disease can be calculated as follows: (0.025)(0.8) + (0.975)(0.2) = 0.02 +
0.195 = 0.215 = 21.5% Since the probability of testing positive for the disease and having
the disease is (0.025)(0.8) = 0.02 = 2%, the probability the you have the disease, given
that you tested positive, can be calculated as follows:

10. Since the test is accurate 80% of the time, 80% of the people who have the disease will
test positive for the disease, and 80% of the people who don’t have the disease will test
negative for the disease. This means that 20% of the people who have the disease will test
negative for the disease. Also, since 2.5% of the population has the disease, 97.5% of the
population doesn’t have the disease. Therefore, the probability of testing negative for the
disease can be calculated as follows: (0.025)(0.2) + (0.975)(0.8) = 0.005 + 0.78 = 0.785 =
78.5% Since the probability of testing negative for the disease and not having the disease
is (0.975)(0.8) = 0.78 = 0.78%, the probability the you don’t have the disease, given that
you tested negative, can be calculated as follows:

CK-12 Basic Probability and Statistics Concepts ​19