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Causes of Species
Extinction
Prepared by:
Sir Archie S. Pagaura
Definition of terms:
Biodiversity or Biological Diversity
sum of all the different species of animals, plants,
fungi, and microbial organisms living on Earth,
and the variety of habitats in which they live.
Extinction
the end of existence of a group of organism, caused
by their inability to adapt to changing environmental
conditions.
Species
basic concepts in the classification of organism.
In simple term, a single species is a distinct kind
of organism with a characteristic, shape, size,
behavior, and habitat that remains constant from
year to year.
An ecosystem
is a community of living organisms in conjunction
with the nonliving components of their
environment, interacting as a system. These
biotic and abiotic components are regarded as
linked together through nutrient cycles and
energy flows.
Classification of Organism
Causes of Species Extinction
Taking Animals for Profit
Overharvesting
Destruction of Habitat
Pollution
Population
is a group of living things within a certain area that
are all of the same species
Several Different Populations may be found in the
community:
example: A Jungle Community - has a greater
amount of biological diversity than a cornfield.
Some Populations may be found in jungle
1. Population of
Ants community 1. Population of
Tigers
2. Population of
2. Population of
Fungi
Snakes
3. Population of can be very large
Ferns
in number Have fewer
members
Communities
Communities with many different species (a high
index of diversity) will be able to withstand
environmental changes better than communities
with only few species (a low index of diversity)
Index of Diversity = Number of species x number of
runs
Vacant lots Number of Trees
Solution60ants
1:
Population Density
= 15 ants/sq m
= 4 sq
m
100
Solutionants
2:
Population Density
= 25 ants/sq m
=
4 sq m
LIMITING FACTORS:
Anything that limits the size of a population like
certain environmental conditions are called LIMITING
FACTORS
Damaged mangrove
areas
Local and Global Issues that
contributed to Species Extinction
Acid Precipitation - commonly known as acid rain.
Rainwater is normally acidic, because carbon
dioxide is normally present. Other pollutants, mostly
sulfur and nitrogen oxides, make rainwater even
more acidic, with pH of 5.6 or lower