IBIS Hotel HVAC, Plumbing and Fire Fighting Design Report

IBIS HOTEL
(MUSCAT)
HVAC, PLUMBING & FIRE FIGHTING
DESIGN WORK REPORT
Prepared by
SHUHAIL M
C&T Consulting Engineers Pvt. Ltd
Trivandrum, Kerala – 16
September, 2014
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the report entitled “IBIS HOTEL (MUSCAT)”, a case study on
HVAC, PLUMBING and FIRE FIGHTING, submitted by “HIRAN S U”to the C & T
Consultant Engineering is a bonafide record of work carried out by them under our guidance
and supervision.
Jimmy Bentex,
HVAC Engineer,
C&T Consultant Engineers Trivandrum
Rahul P S,
Plumbing Engineer,
JayaramSasthayyan,
Fire Fighting Engineer,
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express our gratitude to our guide Sri Jimmy Bentex, HVAC engineer, C&T Engineers,
Trivandrum for the expert guidance and advice in doing this project.
I express our gratitude to our guide Sri Rahul P S, Plumbing engineer, C&T Engineers,
Trivandrum for the expert guidance and advice in doing this project.
I express our gratitude to our guide Sri JayaramSasthayyan, Firefighting engineer, C&T
Engineers, Trivandrum for the expert guidance and advice in doing this project.
We express our sincere thanks to Jeffin C Thomas, HVAC engineer, C&T Engineers, for his
kind cooperation during the course of this work.
We would also wish to record our gratefulness to all our friends and classmates for their help
and support in carrying out this work successfully.
CONTENTS
Page No.
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. REFRIGERATION CYCLE 2
3. PSYCHROMETRICS 3
4. HEAT LOAD CALCULATION 11
5. SUMMARY OF TOTAL ROOMS CAPACITY AND AIR DISTRIBUTION 25
6. CHILLER SELECTION 27
7. DUCT DESIGN 28
8. CHILLED WATER PIPE DESIGN 35
9. TOILET EXHAUST AIR DUCTS 37
10. STATIC PRESSURE CALCULATION AND EQUIPMENT SELECTION 40
11. HEAD LOSS CALCULATION 46

LIST OF FIGURES
Page No.
Fig.1. Refrigeration cycle 2
Fig.3 Ducts 3
Fig.2 Psychrometric chart 5
Fig.4 Fiberglass duct 6
Fig.5 Flexible ducts 6
Fig.6 Chillers 7
Fig.7 Fan Coil Units 8
Fig.8 Air handling unit 9
Fig.9 Volume Control Dampers 10
Fig.10 Heat Load B 01 11
Fig.11 Heat Load C 01 14
Fig.12 Heat Load E01 17
Fig.13 Heat Load F 01 19
Fig.14 Heat Load S 02 22
Fig.15 chiller selection 27
Fig.16 duct sizer 28
Fig.17 Duct Design B01 29
Fig.18 Duct Design F01 30
Fig.19 Duct Design E01 32
Fig.20 Duct Design T01 32
Fig.21 Duct Design S01 33
Fig.22 Friction loss for closed piping system 36
Fig.23 Toilet Exhaust B01 37
Fig.24 Toilet Exhaust F01 38
Fig.25 Toilet Exhaust B02 39

Fig.26 friction of rectangular elbows 40
Fig.27 static pressure B01 42
Fig.28 static pressure F01 44
Fig.29 AHU selection 45
Fig.30 Friction losses and equivalent length 46
Fig.31 Friction losses and equivalent length of fittings 47
LIST OF TABLES
Page no.
Table.1 Rooms Capacity and Air Distribution 25-26
Table.2 Chilled Water Pipe Design 35-36
Table.3 Static Pressure Calculation B01 42
Table.4 FCU selection 43
Table.5 Static Pressure Calculation F01 44
Table.6 Head loss calculation and pump selection 49
Table.7 chiller pump selection 50

ABBREVIATIONS USED
ACMV AIR CONDITIONING AND MECHANICAL VENTILATION
ADA AMERICAN WITH DISABILITIES ACT
AFC ABOVE FLOOR CEILING
AFT ANTIFREEZE THERMOSTAT
AHRI AIR CONDITIONING HEATING REFRIGERATION INSTITUTE
AHU AIR HANDLING UNIT
AMCA AIR MOVING AND CONDITIONING ASSOCIATION
ANSI AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD INSTITUTE
ARI AMERICAN REFRIGERATION INSTITUTE
ARI AIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION INSTITUTE
ASHRAE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING
ENGINEERS
ASME AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
ASTA ASSOCIATION OF SHORT-CIRCUIT TESTING AUTHORITIES
ASTM AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
TADP APPARENT DEW POINT TEMPERATURE
BEE BUREAU OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY
BFS BELOW FLOOR LEVEL
BMS BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
BS/BSS BRITISH STANDARD / BRITISH STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
BTU BRITISH THERMAL UNIT
BV BUTTERFLY VALVE
CFM CUBIC FEET PER MINUTE
CHW CHILLED WATER
CHWR CHILLED WATER RETURN
CHWS CHILLED WATER SUPPLY
CO CLEAN OUT
CT COOLING TOWER
CV CONTROL VALVE
DBT DRY BULB TEMPERATURE
DFU DRAINAGE FIXTURE UNIT
DRV DOUBLE REGULATING VALVE
DWDI DOUBLE WIDTH DOUBLE INLET
DX DIRECT EXPANSION
ECBC ENERGY CONSERVATION BUILDING CODE
ERSH EFFECTIVE ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT
ERTH EFFECTIVE ROOM TOTAL HEAT
ESHF EFFECTIVE SENSIBLE HEAT FACTOR
EWC EASTERN WATER CLOSET
F/A FROM ABOVE
F/B FROM BELOW
FA FRESH AIR
FAHU FRESH AIR HANDLING UNIT
FBI FIRE BREGADOR INLET
FCO FLOOR CLEAN OUT
FCU FAN COIL UNIT
FD FLOOR DRAIN
FFL FINISHED FLOOR LEVEL
FODRV FIXED ORIFICE DOUBLE REGULATING VALVE
FPM FEET PER MINUTE
FPS FEET PER SECOND
FT FLUSH TANK
FV FOOT VALVE
GPM GALLONS PER MINUTE
GT GULLY TRAP
HD HEAVY DUTY
I/D INDOOR UNIT
IC INSPECTION CHAMBER
IGBC INDIAN GREEN BUILDING COUNSIL
IL INVERT LEVEL
IPC INTERNATIONAL PLUMBING CODE
IV ISOLATING VALVE
LAV LAVATORY
LEED LEADERSHIP IN ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT DESIGN
LH LATENT HEAT
LPH LITERS PER HOUR
LPS LITERS PER SECOND
MH MAN HOLE
NFPA NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION
NRV NON RETURN VALVE
NSPC NATIONAL STANDARD PLUMBING CODE
O/D OUTDOOR UNIT
OBD OPPOSED BLADE DAMPER
OHT OVER HEAD TANK
PICV PRESSURE INDEPENDENT CONTROLLING VALVE
PRV PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE
PS PERNIER SPRAY
PSI POUNDS PER SQUARE INCH
RAD RETURN AIR DUCT
RH RELATIVE HUMIDITY
RMS ROOM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SAD SUPPLY AIR DUCT
SH SENSIBLE HEAT
SP SOIL PIPE
ST SHOWER TRAY
T/A TO ABOVE
T/B TO BELOW
TFA TREATED FRESH AIR
TP TRANSFER PUMP
TR TONS OF REFRIGERATION
UGT UNDER GROUND TANK
UPC UNIVERSAL PLUMBING CODE
VCD VOLUME CONTROL DAMPER
VP VENT PIPE
VRF VARIABLE REFRIGERANT FLOW
VSD VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES
WBT WET BULB TEMPERATURE
WHA WATER HAMER ARRESTER
WP WASTE PIPE
WSFU WATER SUPPLY FIXTURE UNIT
WWC WESTERN WATER CLOSET
YH YARD HYDRANT
Table.01
MAIN EQUATIONS
Heat Gain = UAT
U = Effective heat transfer coefficient
A = Area
T = Temperature rise
Internal heat of outdoor air = Outdoor air x DBT x BF x 1.08
DBT = Difference in dry bulb temperature
BF = Bypass factor
Latent heat of outdoor air = Outdoor air x Gr/Lb x BF x 0.68
Outdoor Heat
Sensible heat = Outdoor air x DBT x (1- BF) x 1.08
Latent heat = Outdoor air x Gr/Lb x (1- BF) x 0.68

𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑛 𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝐻𝑟
Heat Load in TR = ( )
12000
𝐸𝑅𝑆𝐻
ESHF = 𝐸𝑅𝑇𝐻
ESHF = Effective sensible heat factor
ERSF = Effective room sensible heat
ERTH = Effective room total heat
Temperature rise = (1-BF) x (ADPT – RT)
ADPT = Apparent dew point temperature
RT = Room temperature
𝐸𝑅𝑆𝐻
Dehumidified air in CFM = (𝑇𝐸𝑀𝑃.𝑅𝐼𝑆𝐸×1.08)
𝑇𝑅 ×24
US GPM = ( )
∆𝑇
∆T = Temperature difference between inlet & outlet of chiller
Exhaust air quantity in CFM = Volume of space x air changes per hour
1. INTRODUCTION
HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) is the technology of indoor and vehicular
environmental comfort. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air
quality.HVAC is important in the design of medium to large industrial and office buildings
such as skyscrapers and in marine environments such as aquariums, where safe and healthy
building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air
from outdoors. Ventilating is the process of "changing" or replacing air in any space to
provide high indoor air quality (i.e. to control temperature, replenish oxygen, or remove
moisture, odors, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria, and carbon dioxide). Ventilation is used
to remove unpleasant smells and excessive moisture, introduce outside air, to keep interior
building air circulating, and to prevent stagnation of the interior air. Ventilation includes both
the exchange of air to the outside as well as circulation of air within the building. It is one of
the most important factors for maintaining acceptable indoor air quality in buildings.
Methods for ventilating a building may be divided into mechanical/forced and natural types
An air conditioning system, or a standalone air conditioner, provides cooling

and humiditycontrol for all or part of a building. Air conditioned buildings often have sealed
windows, because open windows would work against the system intended to maintain
constant indoor air conditions. Outside, fresh air is generally drawn into the system by a vent
into the indoor heat exchanger section, creating positive air pressure. The percentage of
return air made up of fresh air can usually be manipulated by adjusting the opening of this
vent. Typical fresh air intake is about 10%
Air conditioning and refrigeration are provided through the removal of heat. Heat can be
removed through radiation, convection, or conduction. Refrigeration conduction media such
as water, air, ice, and chemicals are referred to as refrigerants. A refrigerant is employed
either in a heat pump system in which a compressor is used to drive thermodynamic
refrigeration, or in a free cooling system which uses pumps to circulate a cool refrigerant.
APPLICATIONS
 Control buildings
 Substations
 Instrument equipment room
 Offices
 Clean room
 Other manned buildings
1|Page
2. REFRIGERATION CYCLE
Fig 1 Refrigeration cycle
A simple stylized diagram of the refrigeration cycle: 1) condensing coil, 2) expansion valve,
3) evaporator coil, 4) compressor
The refrigeration cycle uses four essential elements to cool.
 The system refrigerant starts its cycle in a gaseous state. The compressor pumps the
refrigerant gas up to a high pressure and temperature.
 From there it enters a heat exchanger (sometimes called a condensing coil or condenser)
where it loses energy (heat) to the outside, cools, and condenses into its liquid phase.
 An expansion valve (also called metering device) regulates the refrigerant liquid to flow
at the proper rate.
 The liquid refrigerant is returned to another heat exchanger where it is allowed to
evaporate; hence the heat exchanger is often called an evaporating coil or evaporator. As
the liquid refrigerant evaporates it absorbs energy (heat) from the inside air, returns to the
compressor, and repeats the cycle. In the process, heat is absorbed from indoors and
transferred outdoors, resulting in cooling of the building.
In variable climates, the system may include a reversing valve that switches from heating in
winter to cooling in summer. By reversing the flow of refrigerant, the heat pump refrigeration
cycle is changed from cooling to heating or vice versa. This allows a facility to be heated and
cooled by a single piece of equipment by the same means, and with the same hardware.
2|Page
3. PSYCHROMETRICS
Psychrometrics is terms used to describe the field of engineering concerned with the
determination of physical and thermodynamic properties of gas-vapor mixtures
Fig .2 Psychrometric chart
3.1 Dry-bulb temperature (DBT)
The dry-bulb temperature is the temperature indicated by a thermometer exposed to the air in
a place sheltered from direct solar radiation. The term dry-bulb is customarily added to
temperature to distinguish it from wet-bulb and dewpoint temperature. In meteorology and
psychrometrics the word temperature by itself without a prefix usually means dry-bulb
temperature. Technically, the temperature registered by the dry-bulb thermometer of a
psychrometer. The name implies that the sensing bulb or element is in fact dry.
3|Page
3.2 Wet-bulb temperature (WBT)
The thermodynamic wet-bulb temperature is a thermodynamic property of a mixture of air

and water vapor. The value indicated by a wet-bulb thermometer often provides an adequate
approximation of the thermodynamic wet-bulb temperature.
A wet bulb temperature taken with air moving at about 1–2 m/s is referred to as a screen
temperature, whereas a temperature taken with air moving about 3.5 m/s or more is referred
to as sling temperature.A psychrometer is a device that includes both a dry-bulb and a wet-
bulb thermometer.
3.3 Wet-bulb Depression
It is the difference between the DBT and WBT at any point.
3.4 Dew point Depression
It is the difference between the DBT and DPT of air.
3.5 Relative humidity
The ratio of the vapor pressure of moisture in the sample to the saturation pressure at the dry
bulb temperature of the sample.
3.6 Dew point temperature
The saturation temperature of the moisture present in the sample of air, it can also be defined
as the temperature at which the vapors changes into liquid (condensation). Usually the level
at which water vapor changes into liquid marks the base of the cloud in the atmosphere hence
called condensation level. So the temperature value that allows this process (condensation) to
take place is called the 'dew point temperature'.
3.7 Latent heat
It is the energy released or absorbed by a body or a thermodynamic system during a constant-

temperature process. A typical example is a change of state of matter, meaning a phase
transition such as the melting of ice or the boiling of water. Heat transferred that caused a
change of volume while the thermodynamic system was held at constant temperature.
4|Page
3.8 Specific heat
Heat capacity is an extensive property of matter, meaning it is proportional to the size of the
system. When expressing the same phenomenon as an intensive property, the heat capacity is
divided by the amount of substance, mass, or volume, so that the quantity is independent of
the size or extent of the sample.
3.9 Ducts
Fig .3 Ducts
Ducts are used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) to deliver and remove
air. The needed airflows include, for example, supply air, return air, and exhaust air. Ducts
commonly also deliver ventilation air as part of the supply air. As such, air ducts are one
method of ensuring acceptable indoor air quality as well as thermal comfort.
3.10 Materials
3.10.1Galvanized steel
Galvanized mild steel is the standard and most common material used in fabricating
ductwork. For insulation purposes, metal ducts are typically lined with faced fiber glass
blankets (duct liner) or wrapped externally with fiber glass blankets (duct wrap).
3.10.2 Aluminium
Aluminium ductwork is lightweight and quick to install. Also, custom or special shapes of
ducts can be easily fabricated in the shop or on site.
5|Page
3.10.3 Fiberglass duct board
Fiberglass duct board panels provide built-in thermal insulation and the interior surface
absorbs sound, helping to provide quiet operation of the HVAC system.
Fig. 4 Fiberglass duct

3.10.4 Flexible ducting
Fig.5 Flexible ducts
Flexible ducts are typically made of flexible plastic over a metal wire coil to shape a tube
3.11 Duct insulating materials
 Elastomeric rubber
 Glass wool
 PUF
 Thermo coal
 Reflective bubble foil
 Aluminium foil
 Rock wool
6|Page
3.12 Chiller
A chiller is a machine that removes heat from a liquid via a vapor-compression or absorption
refrigeration cycle. This liquid can then be circulated through a heat exchanger to cool air or
equipment as required. As a necessary byproduct, refrigeration creates waste heat that must
be exhausted to ambient or, for greater efficiency, recovered for heating purposes. Concerns
in design and selection of chillers include performance, efficiency, maintenance, and product
life cycle environmental impact.
In air conditioning systems, chilled water is typically distributed to heat exchangers, or coils,
in air handling units or other types of terminal devices which cool the air in their respective
space(s), and then the water is re-circulated back to the chiller to be cooled again. These
cooling coils transfer sensible heat and latent heat from the air to the chilled water, thus
cooling and usually dehumidifying the air stream. Chilled water temperatures can range from
35 to 45 °F (2 to 7 °C), depending upon application requirements.
Fig .6 Chillers
3.13 Fan Coil Unit (FCU)
A fan coil unit (FCU) is a simple device consisting of a heating or cooling coil and fan. It is
part of an HVAC system found in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. Typically
a fan coil unit is not connected to ductwork, and is used to control the temperature in the
space where it is installed, or serve multiple spaces. It is controlled either by a manual on/off
switch or by thermostat.
7|Page
Due to their simplicity, fan coil units are more economical to install than ducted or central
heating systems with air handling units. However, they can be noisy because the fan is within
the same space. Unit configurations are numerous including horizontal (ceiling mounted) or
vertical (floor mounted)
Fig .7 Fan Coil Units
3.14 Air Handling Unit (AHU)
An air handler, or air handling unit (AHU), is a device used to regulate and circulate air as
part of a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system. An air handler is usually
a large metal box containing a blower, heating or cooling elements filter racks or chambers,
sound attenuators, and dampers. Air handlers usually connect to a ductwork system that
distributes the conditioned air through the building and returns it to the AHU. Sometimes
AHUs discharge (supply) and admit (return) air directly to and from the space served without
ductwork.
Small air handlers, for local use, are called terminal units, and may only include an air filter,
coil, and blower; these simple terminal units are called blower coils or fan coil units. A larger
air handler that conditions 100% outside air, and no recalculated air, is known as a makeup
air unit (MAU). An air handler designed for outdoor use, typically on roofs, is known as
a packaged unit (PU) or rooftop unit (RTU)
8|Page
Fig .8 Air handling unit
1 – Supply duct
2 – Fan compartment
3 – Vibration isolator
4 – Heating and/or cooling coil
5 – Filter compartment
6 – Mixed (recalculated + outside) air duct
3.15 Volume Control Damper (VCD)
A damper is a valve or plate that stops or regulates the flow of air inside a duct, chimney,
VAV box, air handler, or other air handling equipment. A damper may be used to cut off
central air conditioning (heating or cooling) to an unused room, or to regulate it for room-by-
room temperature and climate control. Its operation can be manual or automatic. Manual
dampers are turned by a handle on the outside of a duct. Automatic dampers are used to
regulate airflow constantly and are operated by electric or pneumatic motors, in turn
controlled by thermostat or building automation system. Automatic or motorized dampers
may also be controlled by a solenoid, and the degree of air-flow calibrated, perhaps according
to signals from the thermostat going to the actuator of the damper in order to modulate the
flow of air-conditioned air in order to effect climate control
9|Page
Fig. 9 Volume Control Dampers
3.16 Cooling Tower
A cooling tower is a heat rejection device, installed outside of the building envelope, through
which condenser water is circulated. Refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is condensed in a
refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger. Heat rejected from the refrigerant increases the
temperature of the condenser water, which must be cooled to permit the cycle to continue.
The condenser water is circulated to the cooling tower where evaporative cooling causes heat
to be removed from the water and added to the outside air. The cooled condenser water is
then piped back to the condenser of the chiller.
3.17 Valves
A butterfly valve is a valve which can be used for isolating or regulating flow. The closing
mechanism takes the form of a disk. Operation is similar to that of a ball valve, which allows
for quick shut off. Butterfly valves are generally favored because they are lower in cost to
other valve designs as well as being lighter in weight, meaning less support is required. The
disc is positioned in the center of the pipe, passing through the disc is a rod connected to an
actuator on the outside of the valve. Rotating the actuator turns the disc either parallel or
perpendicular to the flow. Unlike a ball valve, the disc is always present within the flow,
therefore a pressure drop is always induced in the flow, regardless of valve position.
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3.18Building Management System (BMS)
A Building Management System (BMS) or a (more recent terminology) Building Automation

System (BAS) is a computer-based control system installed in buildings that controls and
monitors the building’s mechanical and electrical equipment such
as ventilation, lighting, power systems, fire systems, and security systems. A BMS consists of
software and hardware; the software program, usually configured in a hierarchical manner,
can be proprietary, using such protocols as C-bus, Provirus, and so on. Building Management
Systems are most commonly implemented in large projects with extensive mechanical,
HVAC, electrical, and plumbing systems. Systems linked to a BMS typically represent 40%
of a building's energy usage; if lighting is included, this number approaches 70%. BMS
systems are a critical component to managing energy demand.
4. HEAT LOAD CALCULATION
4.1 BED ROOM (BR-01)
Fig.10 Heat Load BR-01
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Area: 261sq.ft, Height: 11.48 ft
Area of window: 24.21sq.ft
No. of people: 2
Heat factor coefficient (U) of Glass: 0.56
Heat factor coefficient (U) of Wall: 0.34
Solar gain:
N, NE, SE, E= 11, S= 22, SW= 136, W= 163, NW= 87
From ASHARE:
cfm =10cfm /person
floor air supply= 0.3L/sec/meter square
= 0.059cfm/sq.ft
Condition DB WB %RH GR/LB

Outdoor(OA) 114.8 86 59 140
Room(RM) 75 50 66
Difference 39.8 74
SOLAR GAIN - GLASS

Direction Item Area or Quantity Sun gain on Temp. Diff. Factor Btu/hr
NW GLASS 24.21 sq.ft.X 87 X 0.56 1179.5112
Solar gain = 24.21*87*0.56 = 1179.5112Btu/hr.
SOLAR & TRANS. GAIN - WALL & ROOF

NW WALL 115.846 sq.ft.X 87 X 0.34 3426.7247
SW WALL 308.812 sq.ft.X 136 X 0.34 14279.467
Solar gain through NW wall = 115.846*87*0.34 = 3426.7247 Btu/hr.

Solar gain through SW wall = 308.812*136*0.34 = 14279.467 Btu/hr.
TRANS. GAIN EXPECT WALL & ROOF

Item Area or Quantity Sun gain on Temp. Diff. Factor Btu/hr
Partition 189.0756 sq.ft.X 20 X 0.34 1285.7141
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Temperature difference = (Outdoor air-indoor air)/2
= (114-75)/2 = 20°F
Gain through partition = 189.0756*20*0.34 = 1285.7141 Btu/hr.
INTERNAL HEAT
People 2 People X 245 490
Power 0.3 kw X 3400 1020
Light 300 Watts X 1.25 X 3.4 1275
Subtotal = 22956.417 Btu/hr.

Safety factor is [5%] = 1147.8208 Btu/hr.
ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT = 24104.238 Btu/hr.

Supply heat duct gain+ductleak+fanhp [5%]= 1205.2119 Btu/hr.
OUTDOOR AIR (Fresh air)

No. of people*10 cfm = 2*10 = 20cfm.
Area*0.059 cfm = 261*0.059 = 15cfm.
Cfm infiltration = 10cfm
Cfm outdoor air through apparatus, CFM (OA) = 45 CFM.
Outdoor air = cfm*TD*BF*1.08 = 45*39.8*0.120*1.08 = 234.037048 Btu/hr.
EFFECTIVE ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT (ERSH) = 25543.487 Btu/hr.
LATENT HEAT
By people = no. of people*latent heat = 2*205 = 410 Btu/hr.
Safety factor [5%] = 20.5 Btu/hr.
ROOM LATENT HEAT = 430.5 Btu/hr.

By outdoor air = cfm*[Gr/lb]*BF*0.68 = 45*74*0.120*0.68 = 273.97972 Btu/hr.
EFFECTIVE ROOM LATENT HEAT (ERLH) = 704.47972 Btu/hr.

EFFECTIVE ROOM TOTAL HEAT (ERTH) = ERSH + ERLH = 26247.966 Btu/hr.
EFFECTIVE SENSIBLE HEAT FACTOR (ESHF) = ERSH / ERTH = 0.97
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For DBT of 75 F, RH 50 % and ESHF 0.97 the ADP =54.6° F.
Temperature rise = [1-BF]*[Troom -Tadp] = [1-0.12]*[75-54.6] = 17.95°F
Dehumidified CFM =ERSH / [temp rise *1.08] = 25543.487 /[17.95*1.08] = 1317 CFM.
OUTDOOR HEAT
Sensible heat = fresh air intake *TD*{1-BF}*1.08 = 45*39.8*0.88*1.08 = 1716.2717 Btu/hr.
Latent heat = fresh air intake*[Wo-Wi]*{1-BF} 0.68 = 45*74*0.88*0.68 = 2009.18 Btu/hr.
GRAND TOTAL HEAT = ERTH + OUTDOOR HEAT = 29973.423 Btu/hr.

TON OF REFRIGERATION = 29973.423/12000 = 2.5 TR.
Notes:
LOAD = 2.5 TR.
DEHUMIDIFIED AIR = 1317 CFM
4.2 CORRIDOOR (CD-01)
Fig.11 Heat Load CD-01

No. of people: 10
Solar gain:
N, NE, SE, E= 11, S= 22, SW= 136, W= 163, NW= 87
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From ASHARE:
cfm =10cfm /person
= 0.059cfm/sq.ft

Outdoor(OA) 114.8 86 59 140
Room(RM) 75 50 66
Difference 39.8 74

SE WALL 67.26 sq.ft.X 11 X 0.34 251.55
Solar gain through SE wall = 67.26*11*0.34 = 251.55 Btu/hr.

Partition 1368 sq.ft.X 20 X 0.34 9302.4

= (114-75)/2 = 20°F
Gain through partition = 1386*20*0.34 = 9302.4 Btu/hr.
INTERNAL HEAT
Power .1 kw X 3400 340
Light 800 Watts X 1.25 X 3.4 3400


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Area*0.059 cfm = 690*0.059 = 41cfm.
EFFECTIVE ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT (ERSH) = 18083 Btu/hr.
LATENT HEAT
ROOM LATENT HEAT = 2152.5Btu/hr.


For DBT of 75 F, RH 50 % and ESHF 0.86 the ADP =50° F.
Temperature rise = [1-BF]*[Troom -Tadp] = [1-0.12]*[75-50] = 22°F
Dehumidified CFM =ERSH / [temp rise *1.08] = 18083.14/[22*1.08] = 761 CFM.
OUTDOOR HEAT
Sensible heat = fresh air intake*TD*{1-BF}*1.08 = 141*39.8*0.88*1.08 = 5319.87 Btu/hr.

Notes:
LOAD = 2.7 TR.
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4.3 ELECTRICAL ROOM (ER-01)
Fig.12 Heat Load ER-01

No. of people: 0
Solar gain:
N, NE, SE, E= 11, S= 22, SW= 136, W= 163, NW= 87
From ASHARE:
cfm =10cfm /person
= 0.059cfm/sq.ft

Outdoor(OA) 114.8 86 59 140
Room(RM) 75 50 66
Difference 39.8 74
17 | P a g e

= (114-75)/2 = 20°F
INTERNAL HEAT
Power 0.5 kw X 3400 1700
Light 200 Watts X 1.25 X 3.4 850



Outdoor air = cfm*TD*BF*1.08 = 0*39.8*0.120*1.08 = 0 Btu/hr.
LATENT HEAT
ROOM LATENT HEAT = 0 Btu/hr.
By outdoor air = cfm*[Gr/lb]*BF*0.68 = 0*74*0.120*0.68 = 0Btu/hr.
EFFECTIVE ROOM LATENT HEAT (ERLH) = 0 Btu/hr.

For DBT of 75 F, RH 50 % and ESHF 1.00 the ADP = 55.20° F.
Temperature rise = [1-BF]*[Troom -Tadp] = [1-0.12]*[75-55.20] = 17.42°F
Dehumidified CFM =ERSH / [temp rise *1.08] = 3828.15/[17.42*1.08] = 203 CFM.
18 | P a g e
OUTDOOR HEAT
Sensible heat = fresh air intake *TD*{1-BF}*1.08 = 0*39.8*0.88*1.08 = 0 Btu/hr.
Latent heat = fresh air intake*[Wo-Wi]*{1-BF} 0.68 = 0*(140-66)*0.88*0.68 = 0 Btu/hr.

Notes:
LOAD = 0.3 TR.
4.4 FITNESS CENTRE (FC-01)
Fig.13 Heat Load FC-01

No. of people: 33
Solar gain:
N, NE, SE, E= 11, S= 22, SW= 136, W= 163, NW= 87
From ASHARE:
19 | P a g e
cfm =10cfm /person
= 0.059cfm/sq.ft

Outdoor(OA) 114.8 86 59 140
Room(RM) 75 50 66
Difference 39.8 74
SOLAR GAIN – GLASS

NE GLASS 48.42 sq.ft.X 11 X 0.56 298.26
Solar gain = 48.42*11*0.56 = 298.26 Btu/hr.

NE WALL 236.393 sq.ft.X 11 X 0.34 889.10
NW WALL 414.41 sq.ft.X 87 X 0.34 12258.26



= (114-75)/2 = 20°F
INTERNAL HEAT
Power 0.5 kw X 3400 1700
Light 1000 Watts X 1.25 X 3.4 4250

20 | P a g e
No. of people*10 cfm = 33*22.88 = 755cfm.

Area*0.059 cfm = 885*0.059 = 52cfm.
LATENT HEAT
Safety factor [5%] = 1023 Btu/hr.
ROOM LATENT HEAT = 21483 Btu/hr.


For DBT of 75 F, RH 50 % and ESHF 0.61 the ADP =32° F.
Temperature rise = [1-BF]*[Troom -Tadp] = [1-0.12]*[75-32] = 37.84°F
OUTDOOR HEAT

Latent heat = fresh air intake*[Wo-Wi]*{1-BF} 0.68 = 817*74*0.88*0.68 = 36185.49Btu/hr.

21 | P a g e
Notes:
LOAD = 11.3 TR.
4.5 SUIT ROOM (SR-02)
Fig.14 Heat Load SR-02

Area: 320sq.ft, Height: 11.4 8ft
No. of people: 2
Solar gain:
N, NE, SE, E= 11, S= 22, SW= 136, W= 163, NW= 87
From ASHARE:
cfm =10cfm /person
floor air supply = 0.3L/sec/meter square
= 0.059cfm/sq.ft
22 | P a g e
Outdoor(OA) 114.8 86 59 140
Room(RM) 75 50 66
Difference 39.8 74
SOLAR GAIN – GLASS
NE GLASS 24.21 sq.ft.X 11 X 0.56 149.13
Solar gain = 24.21*11*0.56 = 149.13 Btu/hr.

NE WALL 115.846 sq.ft.X 11 X 0.34 433.26
SE WALL 308.9242 sq.ft.X 11 X 0.34 1155.37



= (114-75)/2 = 20°F
INTERNAL HEAT
Power 0.3 kw X 3400 1020
Light 300 Watts X 1.25 X 3.4 1275


23 | P a g e
Area*0.059 cfm =320*0.059 = 19cfm.

LATENT HEAT

ROOM LATENT HEAT = 430.5 Btu/hr.


For DBT of 75 F, RH 50 % and ESHF 0.89 the ADP = 52.00° F.
Temperature rise = [1-BF]*[Troom -Tadp] = [1-0.12]*[75-52] = 20.24°F
OUTDOOR HEAT

Notes:
LOAD = 0.9 TR.
24 | P a g e
5. SUMMARY OF TOTAL ROOMS CAPACITY AND AIR DISTRIBUTION
SL NO: SPACE USED FOR AREA (SQ.FT) LOAD(TR) FLOW(CFM)

1 BED ROOM-01 261 2.5 1317
2 BED ROOM-02 248 2.1 1086
3 BED ROOM-03 261 1.2 480
4 BED ROOM-04 248 0.8 247
5 BED ROOM-05 248 1.2 485
6 BED ROOM-06 261 0.8 242
7 BED ROOM-07 248 1.4 612
8 BED ROOM-08 261 0.8 242
9 BED ROOM-09 248 0.8 247
10 BED ROOM-10 248 0.8 247
11 BED ROOM-11 248 1.2 485
12 BED ROOM-12 261 0.8 242
13 BED ROOM-13 248 1.2 485
14 BED ROOM-14 261 0.8 242
15 BED ROOM-15 248 1.2 485
16 BED ROOM-16 248 0.8 247
17 BED ROOM-17 248 1.2 485
18 BED ROOM-18 248 0.8 247
19 BED ROOM-19 248 1.2 485
20 BED ROOM-20 261 0.8 242
21 BED ROOM-21 248 1.2 485
22 BED ROOM-22 261 0.8 242
23 BED ROOM-23 248 1.2 485
24 BED ROOM-24 248 0.9 284
25 BED ROOM-25 248 1.4 612
26 BED ROOM-26 261 0.8 242
27 BED ROOM-27 261 0.8 242
28 BED ROOM-28 261 0.8 242
29 BED ROOM-29 248 0.8 242
30 BED ROOM-30 244 1.4 616
31 BED ROOM-31 248 0.8 242
32 BED ROOM-32 248 1.4 636
33 BED ROOM-33 248 0.8 242
34 BED ROOM-34 248 1.6 761
35 BED ROOM-35 244 0.8 222
36 FITNESS CENTRE-01 885 11.3 1017
37 SUIT ROOM-01 310 1.4 599
25 | P a g e
38 SUIT ROOM-02 320 0.9 275
39 ELECTRICAL ROOM-01 108 0.3 203
40 TELEPHONIC ROOM-01 108 0.6 225
41 LIFT CORRIDOOR-01 270 1.9 308
42 LIFT CORRIDOOR-02 295 2.4 247
43 CORRIDOOR-01(1) 563 2.3 928
44 CORRIDOOR-01(2) 562 2.3 927
45 CORRIDOOR-02 690 2.7 761
46 TOTAL 12926 64 20132
Table.1 Rooms Capacity and Air Distribution
Total tone of refrigeration for a particular floor = 64 TR

Total number of floors = 5[including ground floor]
Thus total tone of refrigeration = 5×64
[Assuming load of ground floor is same
that of other floors]
= 320 TR
Safety factor = 5%
= 0.05×320 = 16 TR
Thus total load of building = 320+16
= 336 TR approximately
26 | P a g e
6. CHILLER SELECTION
No of chiller =2
Load = 336 TR
Load per chiller = 168 TR
= 590.83 KW
Total USGPM of building = 806.4
USGPM per chiller = 403.2
Pipe size = 150 mm
Chiller model number : LCWX1-705FA
Fig.15 Chiller selection
27 | P a g e
7. DUCT DESIGN [EQUAL FRICTION METHOD]
Equal friction method is the way of sizing ductwork systems for a constant pressure loss per
unit length of duct. Here duct sizing is carried out with the help of software called –
“Design tools Duct seizer version 6.4”
Fig.16 Duct sizer
28 | P a g e
7. DUCT DESIGN [EQUAL FRICTION METHOD]
Fig.17 Duct Design BR-01

Dehumidified cfm = 1317cfm
Outdoor air = 45cfm
Return air = 1272cfm
Number of supply grilles =2
Number of return grilles =2
CFM = 700
Listed size = 700mm×250mm
NC = 19
Selected grill: single deflection grill, fixed horizontal blades at 45˚ deflection
Manufacturer Air master
 Supply duct
Selected duct head loss = 0.653 Pa/m
Main branch
Flow rate = 1317cfm
Size = 400 mm×350mm
Velocity = 4.73 m/s
Sub-branch
Flow rate = 658.5cfm
Size = 350 mm × 250mm
Velocity = 3.98 m/s
29 | P a g e
 Return duct
Main branch
Flow rate = 1272cfm
Velocity = 4.69 m/s
Sub-branch
Flow rate = 636cfm
Size = 350 mm × 225mm
Velocity = 3.95 m/s
 Fresh air duct
Flow rate = 45cfm
Size = 200mm×150mm
Velocity = 2.01m/s
Fig.18 Duct Design FC-01

Outdoor air = 817cfm
Return air = 200cfm
CFM = 150
Listed size = 250mm×100mm
NC = 18
30 | P a g e
 Supply duct
Main branch
Flow rate = 1017cfm
Velocity = 4.34 m/s
Sub-branch
Size = 325 mm × 325 mm
Velocity = 4.29 m/s
Sub-branch
Size = 300 mm × 300 mm
Velocity = 4.13 m/s
Sub-branch
Size = 300 mm × 275 mm
Velocity = 3.95 m/s
Sub-branch
Size = 275 mm × 250 mm
Velocity = 3.73 m/s
Sub-branch
Size = 250 mm × 225 mm
Velocity = 3.47 m/s
Sub-branch
Size = 200 mm × 200 mm
Velocity = 3.14 m/s
Sub-branch
Size = 200 mm × 150 mm
Velocity = 2.63 m/s
 Return duct
Main branch
Flow rate = 200cfm
Velocity = 2.95 m/s
Sub-branch
Flow rate = 100cfm
Size = 200mm×150 mm
Velocity = 2.47 m/s
 Fresh air duct
Flow rate = 817cfm
Size = 325mm× 300 mm
Velocity = 4.20 m/s
31 | P a g e
7.3 ELECTRICAL ROOM (ER-01)
Fig.19 Duct Design ER-01

Outdoor air = 0cfm
Return air = 203cfm
CFM = 270
Listed size = 500 mm×100mm
NC = 16
 Supply duct
Flow rate = 203cfm
Velocity = 2.96 m/s
 Return duct
Flow rate = 203cfm
Velocity = 2.96 m/s
7.4 TELEPHONE ROOM (TR-01)
Fig.20 Duct Design TR-01
32 | P a g e
Outdoor air = 26cfm
Return air = 199cfm
CFM = 270
NC = 16
 Supply duct
Flow rate = 225cfm
Size = 200 mm×175 mm
Velocity = 3.04 m/s
 Return duct
Flow rate = 199cfm
Velocity =2.95 m/s
 Fresh air duct
Flow rate = 26cfm
Size = 200mm× 150 mm
Velocity = 1.73 m/s
7.5 SUIT ROOM (SR-01)
Fig.21 Duct Design SR-01
33 | P a g e
Outdoor air = 49cfm
Return air = 226cfm
CFM = 161
NC = 17
Selected grill: Square ceiling diffuser, four way throw,
 Supply duct
Main branch
Flow rate = 275cfm
Velocity = 3.19 m/s
Sub-branch
Size = 200 mm × 150 mm
Velocity = 2.68 m/s
 Return duct
Main branch
Flow rate = 226cfm
Velocity = 3.05 m/s
Sub-branch
Flow rate = 113cfm
Size = 200 mm × 150 mm
Velocity = 2.55 m/s
 Fresh air duct
Flow rate = 49cfm
Velocity = 2.05 m/s
34 | P a g e
8. CHILLED WATER PIPE DESIGN
SL NO: SPACE USED FOR LOAD(TR) FLOW(CFM) GPM PIPE SIZE

1 BED ROOM-01 2.5 1317 6 25
2 BED ROOM-02 2.1 1086 5.04 25
3 BED ROOM-03 1.2 480 2.88 20
4 BED ROOM-04 0.8 247 1.92 20
5 BED ROOM-05 1.2 485 2.88 20
6 BED ROOM-06 0.8 242 1.92 20
7 BED ROOM-07 1.4 612 3.36 25
8 BED ROOM-08 0.8 242 1.92 20
9 BED ROOM-09 0.8 247 1.92 20
10 BED ROOM-10 0.8 247 1.92 20
11 BED ROOM-11 1.2 485 2.88 20
12 BED ROOM-12 0.8 242 1.92 20
13 BED ROOM-13 1.2 485 2.88 20
14 BED ROOM-14 0.8 242 1.92 20
15 BED ROOM-15 1.2 485 2.88 20
16 BED ROOM-16 0.8 247 1.92 20
17 BED ROOM-17 1.2 485 2.88 20
18 BED ROOM-18 0.8 247 1.92 20
19 BED ROOM-19 1.2 485 2.88 20
20 BED ROOM-20 0.8 242 1.92 20
21 BED ROOM-21 1.2 485 2.88 20
22 BED ROOM-22 0.8 242 1.92 20
23 BED ROOM-23 1.2 485 2.88 20
24 BED ROOM-24 0.9 284 2.16 20
25 BED ROOM-25 1.4 612 3.36 25
26 BED ROOM-26 0.8 242 1.92 20
27 BED ROOM-27 0.8 242 1.92 20
28 BED ROOM-28 0.8 242 1.92 20
29 BED ROOM-29 0.8 242 1.92 20
30 BED ROOM-30 1.4 616 3.36 25
31 BED ROOM-31 0.8 242 1.92 20
32 BED ROOM-32 1.4 636 3.36 25
33 BED ROOM-33 0.8 242 1.92 20
34 BED ROOM-34 1.6 761 3.84 25
35 BED ROOM-35 0.8 222 1.92 20
36 FITNESS CENTRE-01 11.3 1017 27.12 20
37 SUIT ROOM-01 1.4 599 3.36 25
38 SUIT ROOM-02 0.9 275 2.16 20
35 | P a g e
39 ELECTRICAL ROOM-01 0.3 203 0.72 20
40 TELEPHONIC ROOM-01 0.6 225 1.44 20
41 LIFT CORRIDOOR-01 1.9 308 4.56 25
42 LIFT CORRIDOOR-02 2.4 247 5.76 25
43 CORRIDOOR-01(1) 2.3 928 5.52 25
44 CORRIDOOR-01(2) 2.3 927 5.52 25
45 CORRIDOOR-02 2.7 761 6.48 32
Table.2 Chilled Water Pipe Design
Fig.22 Friction Loss for Closed Piping System (SCH40)”]
36 | P a g e
9. TOILET EXHAUST AIR DUCTS
Fig.23 Toilet Exhaust BR-01
Area of toilet = 55 sqft

Height = 11.4 ft.
Volume of toilet area = 627 cuft
ACH (Air changes per hour) = 6ℎ−1

Flow =30 CFM
Selected diffuser: Return air square four way ceiling diffuser
Manufacturer: Air master
Number of return diffuser =2[4Way, 74CFM, 150mm×150mm, NC<15]
 Duct 1
Flow rate =15cfm
Size = 100mm×50mm
Velocity = 4.25 m/s
 Duct 2
Flow rate = 30cfm
Size = 100mm×75mm
Velocity = 4.25 m/s
37 | P a g e
9.2 FITNESS ROOM (FC-01)
Fig.24 Toilet Exhaust FC-01
Area of room = 882sqft

Height = 11.4 ft.
Volume of toilet area =10054.8 cuft

Flow = 300 CFM
Number of return diffuser =6 [4Way, 74CFM, 150mm×150mm, NC<15]
 Duct 1
Flow rate =50cfm
Size = 150mm×75mm
Velocity = 4.20 m/s
 Duct 2
Flow rate = 100cfm
Size = 150mm×125mm
Velocity = 4.20 m/s
 Duct 3
Flow rate = 150cfm
Size = 200mm×125mm
Velocity = 4.20 m/s
38 | P a g e
Fig.25 Toilet Exhaust BR-02

Area of toilet = 55 sqft
Height = 11.4 ft.
Volume of toilet area = 627 cuft

Flow =30 CFM
Number of return diffuser =3 [4Way, 74CFM, 150mm×150mm, NC<15]
 Duct 1
Flow rate =10cfm
Size = 100mm×50mm
Velocity = 4.25 m/s
 Duct 2
Flow rate = 20cfm
Size = 100mm×50mm
Velocity = 4.25 m/s
 Duct 3
Flow rate = 30cfm
Size = 100mm×75mm
Velocity = 4.25 m/s
39 | P a g e
10. STATIC PRESSURE CALCULATION AND EQUIPMENT SELECTION
Fig.26 Friction of Rectangular Elbows
Pressure and flow rate determines the selection of air handling device. Air flow rate can be
obtained from the heat load estimation procedure. Thus pressure loss in the system has to be
calculated prior to selection of equipment.
40 | P a g e
10.1 Equations used
Flow rate = area ×velocity
Q = A×V
V = Q/A
Where
Q = supply air quantity or dehumidified CFM
A = area of duct cross section [Width × Height]
V = velocity of air flow through duct
Dynamic pressure:-
𝑉2
Vp = 2𝑔
Where Vp in Pa or PSI
In head of water,
density of fluid 𝑉2
Vp = density of water ×2𝑔
Where Vp in meters or inches of W.C and V in m/s or ft. /min respectively.

In case of fittings like elbows or tees we need to put equivalent length for friction loss
calculation. These are taken from the chart given above. In case of tapers a term called loss
coefficient is used to calculate friction loss.
Thus,
Loss = n [Vp2- Vp1]
Where,
“n” is the loss coefficient whose value depend upon the slope of taper.
Vp1 &Vp2 are the inlet and exit velocities.
41 | P a g e
Fig.27 Static Pressure BR-01
DUCT FLOW
SL FRICTION VELOCITY Vp LOSS LOSS PER
SECTION ITEM QTY W H L (CFM)
NO: (IN.WC/100FT) (INCH.WC) COEFFICIENT ITEM (IN.WC)
MM INCH MM INCH MTR FT L/S CFM M/S FPM
1 a.b Duct 1 400 15.7 350 13.8 1.51 4.94 480 1317 0.107 4.4397 873.96 0.0476185 0.005290306
b Elbow 1 8 0.107 0 0.00856
b Taper 1 400 15.7 350 13.8 659 0.107 2.2199 436.98 0.0119046 1.02 0.018942634
2 b.c Duct 1 350 13.8 250 9.84 5.38 17.7 240 659 0.107 3.5518 699.17 0.0304758 0.018900468
c Elbow 3 6 0.107 0 0.01926
c Taper 1 350 13.8 250 9.84 659 0.107 3.5518 699.17 0.0304758 1.02 0.024315812
Sub Total = 0.095269219
VCD = 0.2
GRILL = 0.15
Sub Total = 0.445269219
Factor of Safty 10% = 0.044526922
Total STATIC PRESSURE WC in INCH = 0.489796141
Total STATIC PRESSURE WC in MM = 12.44082198
Total STATIC PRESSURE Pascal = 122.4490352
Table.3 Static Pressure Calculation BR-01
42 | P a g e
Selected FCU
Flow = 1317 CFM [minimum]
ESP = 12.4408 mm W.C
Selected FCU model BCU-016
Model BCU-016
Nominal Capacity Cooling Btu/Hr. 48000
Height mm 435
Dimensions Width mm 892
Depth mm 708
Air Flow CFM 1600
Ext. Static Pressure Pa 50
Type Centrifugal Forward Curve
Fan
Qty Nos 1
Power KW 0.55
Motor Speed RPM 1300
Qty Nos 1
Tube Material Inner Grooved Copper Tube
Tube O.D. mm 9.53 (3/8")
Fin Material Aluminium
Coil
Rows Deep Nos 4
Fins/inch 12
Face Area Sq. M. 0.3
Condensate Drainage O.D. mm 20
Air Filter 10 mm thk.
Piping Inlet mm 22.23
Outlet mm 22.23
Table.4 FCU Selection
43 | P a g e
Fig.28 Static Pressure FC-01
DUCT FLOW
SL FRICTION VELOCITY Vp LOSS LOSS PER
SECTION ITEM QTY W H L (CFM)
NO: (IN.WC/100FT) (INCH.WC) COEFFICIENT ITEM (IN.WC)
MM INCH MM INCH MTR FT L/S CFM M/S FPM
1 a.b Duct 1 350 13.8 325 12.8 0.29 0.94 480 1017 0.107 4.2195 830.62 0.0430128 0.001011021
b Elbow 1 8 0.107 0 0.00856
b Taper 1 350 13.8 325 12.8 508 0.107 2.1097 415.3 0.0107528 1.02 0.019056762
2 b.c Duct 1 275 10.8 250 9.84 5.38 17.7 240 508 0.107 3.4906 687.13 0.0294359 0.018886426
c Elbow 2 5 0.107 0 0.0107
c Taper 1 275 10.8 250 9.84 381 0.107 2.6179 515.34 0.0165571 1.02 0.00833936
3 c.d Duct 1 250 9.84 225 8.86 1.29 4.22 180 381 0.107 3.1997 629.86 0.024733 0.004510977
d Taper 1 250 9.84 225 8.86 254 0.107 2.1331 419.91 0.0109927 1.02 0.010961439
4 d.e Duct 1 200 7.87 200 7.87 1.29 4.22 120 254 0.107 2.9998 590.51 0.0217392 0.004510977
e Taper 1 200 7.87 200 7.87 127 0.107 1.4997 295.22 0.0054337 1.02 0.004311024
5 e.f Duct 1 200 7.87 150 5.91 6.54 21.4 60 127 0.107 1.9997 393.64 0.0096602 0.02294104
f Elbow 1 4 0.107 0 0.00428
f Taper 1 200 7.87 150 5.91 127 0.107 1.9997 393.63 0.00966 1.02 0.016656352
Sub Total = 0.134725378
VCD = 0.2
GRILL = 0.15
Sub Total = 0.484725378
Factor of Safty 10% = 0.048472538
Total STATIC PRESSURE WC in INCH = 0.533197916
Total STATIC PRESSURE WC in MM = 13.54322706
Total STATIC PRESSURE Pascal = 133.299479
Table.5 Static Pressure Calculation FC-01

44 | P a g e
Selected AHU
Flow = 1017 CFM [minimum]

ESP = 13.543 mm W.C
Selected Ahu Model DCWSL-017-B
Fig.29 AHU Selection
45 | P a g e
11. HEAD LOSS CALCULATION
Fig.30 Friction Losses and Equivalent Length
46 | P a g e
Fig.31 Friction Losses and Equivalent Length of Fittings
47 | P a g e
Chilled water circuit is closed loop.In a closed system, the fluid is not exposed to a break in
the piping system that interrupts forced flow at any point.
Static head represents the net change in height, in feet, that the pump must overcome. It
applies only in open systems. Note that in a closed loop system, the static head is zero
because the fluid on one side of the system pushes the fluid up the other side of the system, so
the pump does not need to overcome any elevation.
Thus for closed systems:
Pump head = the sum of all friction pressure drops
Where:
Friction pressure drop = Piping pressure drop + terminal unit pressure drop + source unit
Pressure drop* + valve pressure drop + accessories pressure drop.
* The "source unit" is defined as the boiler, chiller, or heat exchanger, which creates the hot
or chilled water.
For calculating the chilled water pump head, the longest loop is considered and the loop is
divided into nodes. Friction loss between all nodes calculated and summed up. Along with it
friction loss for equipment’s also considered. The calculation set is as follows
48 | P a g e
HEAD LOSS CALCULATION
HEADER PIPE SIZE FLOW PRESSURE DROP PIPE LENGTH FITTING EQ. LENGTH QTY EQ. LENGTH PRESSURE DROP PRESSURE
PIPE RUN
TEXT (mm) GPM L/S FTt 100Ft. PIPE Mtrs Ft TYPE Mtrs Ft NOS. OF FITTINGS PIPE FITTING DROP TOTAL
LENGTH
3 3.759 12.33 ELBOW 0.8 2.625 S
2 5.249328 0.369979 0.15748 Ft. W.C
P1 TO LINE 25 5.28 0.33
3 0 IV(GV) 0.3 0.984 1 0.984249 0 0.02953 0.556986509
3 3.24 10.63 TEE 0.7 2.297 1 2.296581 0.318897 0.0689
P2 TO LINE 32 11.28 0.71
3 0 REDUCER 0.3 0.984 1 0.984249 0 0.02953 0.417321576
3 4.398 14.43 TEE 0.8 2.625 3 7.873992 0.432873 0.23622
P3 TO LINE 40 19.2 1.21
3 0 REDUCER 0.4 1.312 1 1.312332 0 0.03937 0.70846243
3 11.251 36.91 TEE 1 3.281 6 19.68498 1.107379 0.59055
P4 TO LINE 50 39.84 2.51
3 0 REDUCER 0.5 1.64 1 1.640415 0 0.04921 1.7471404
3 20.04 65.75 TEE 1.2 3.937 10 39.36996 1.972435 1.1811
P5 TO LINE 65 64.32 4.06
3 0 REDUCER 0.6 1.968 1 1.968498 0 0.05905 3.212588736
3 14.524 47.65 TEE 1.5 4.921 9 44.291205 1.429523 1.32874
P6 TO LINE 80 87.84 5.54
3 0 REDUCER 0.8 2.625 1 2.624664 0 0.07874 2.836999318
3 0.712 2.336 ELBOW 3 9.842 1 9.84249 0.070079 0.29527
P7 TO SHAFT 100 163.7 10.3 3 0 IV(GV) 1.4 4.593 1 4.593162 0 0.13779
3 0 REDUCER 1.2 3.937 1 3.936996 0 0.11811 0.621257969
TOTAL CHILLED WATER SUPPLY FRICTION LOSS 10.10075694
TOTAL CHILLED WATER RETURN FRICTION LOSS 10.1007569
LOSS IN FCU 1
LOSS IN PRYMARY PUMP 5
LOSS IN CHILLER 21
SUB TOTAL 47.20151388
10% SAFTEYFACTOR 4.720151388
TOTAL HEAD LOSS in Ft of WC 51.92166526
TOTAL HEAD LOSS in Mtr of WC 15.8257236
TOTAL LOSS IN KILO PASCAL 17.3729892
CHILLED WATER SUPPLY FRICTION LOSS 10.1007

CHILLED WATER RETURN FRICTION LOSS 10.1007
LOSS IN FCU 1
LOSS IN PRIMARY PUMP 5
LOSS IN CHILLER 21
TOTAL HEAD LOSS 47.2015
SAFETY FACTOR 10% 4.72015
TOTAL HEAD LOSS 51.921
LOSS IN PASCAL 17.372
Table.6 Head Loss Calculation and Pump Selection
49 | P a g e
We can see that pump head obtained = 51.921 ft. of WC
= 15.825m of WC
= 17.372 Pascal
Flow = 806.4 USGPM
Thus selected pump must have capacity to work against head of 15.825 m and should have a
discharge capacity of 806.4 USGPM.
No of pump /chiller =3
Total no of pump required =6
Flow = 72.3 m³/h

Head = 21.5 m
Efficiency = 73.1 %
Pump model number =NB 50-125/144 A-F-B-GQQE
Liquid: Installation:
Pumped liquid: Water Maximum ambient temperature: 60 °C
Liquid temperature range: -25 .. 90 °C Maximum operating pressure: 16 bar
Liquid temp: 20 °C Flange standard: EN 1092-2
Density: 998.2 kg/m³ Pump inlet: 65
Technical: Pump outlet: 50

Pressure stage: PN16
Speed for pump data: 2910 rpm
Electrical data:
Actual calculated flow: 72.3 m³/h
Motor type: 132SB
Resulting head of the pump: 21.5 m
IE Efficiency class: IE3
Actual impeller diameter: 138 mm
Number of poles: 2
Shaft seal: GQQE
Rated power - P2: 7.5 kW
Secondary shaft seal: NONE
Mains frequency: 50 Hz
Materials:
Cos phi - power factor: 0,88-0,82
Pump housing: Cast iron Rated speed: 2910-2920 rpm
EN-GJL-250 IE efficiency: IE3 90,1%
ASTM A48-40 B Motor efficiency at full load: 90,1-90,4 %
Impeller: Bronze Motor efficiency at 3/4 load: 90,8-90,9 %
DIN W.-Nr. CuSn10 Motor efficiency at 1/2 load: 90,8-90,4 %
ASTM B584-C83600 Enclosure class (IEC 34-5): 55
Table.7 Chiller Pump Selection
50 | P a g e
51 | P a g e

IBIS Hotel HVAC, Plumbing and Fire Fighting Design Report

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IBIS Hotel HVAC, Plumbing and Fire Fighting Design Report

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IBIS HOTEL

DESIGN WORK REPORT

C&T Consulting Engineers Pvt. Ltd

4. HEAT LOAD CALCULATION 11

5. SUMMARY OF TOTAL ROOMS CAPACITY AND AIR DISTRIBUTION 25

8. CHILLED WATER PIPE DESIGN 35

9. TOILET EXHAUST AIR DUCTS 37

10. STATIC PRESSURE CALCULATION AND EQUIPMENT SELECTION 40

11. HEAD LOSS CALCULATION 46

Fig.1. Refrigeration cycle 2

Fig.2 Psychrometric chart 5

Fig.4 Fiberglass duct 6

Fig.5 Flexible ducts 6

Fig.7 Fan Coil Units 8

Fig.8 Air handling unit 9

Fig.9 Volume Control Dampers 10

Fig.10 Heat Load B 01 11

Fig.11 Heat Load C 01 14

Fig.12 Heat Load E01 17

Fig.13 Heat Load F 01 19

Fig.14 Heat Load S 02 22

Fig.15 chiller selection 27

Fig.16 duct sizer 28

Fig.17 Duct Design B01 29

Fig.18 Duct Design F01 30

Fig.19 Duct Design E01 32

Fig.20 Duct Design T01 32

Fig.21 Duct Design S01 33

Fig.22 Friction loss for closed piping system 36

Fig.23 Toilet Exhaust B01 37

Fig.24 Toilet Exhaust F01 38

Fig.25 Toilet Exhaust B02 39

Fig.27 static pressure B01 42

Fig.28 static pressure F01 44

Fig.29 AHU selection 45

Fig.30 Friction losses and equivalent length 46

Fig.31 Friction losses and equivalent length of fittings 47

Table.1 Rooms Capacity and Air Distribution 25-26

Table.2 Chilled Water Pipe Design 35-36

Table.3 Static Pressure Calculation B01 42

Table.4 FCU selection 43

Table.5 Static Pressure Calculation F01 44

Table.6 Head loss calculation and pump selection 49

Table.7 chiller pump selection 50

Heat Gain = UAT

U = Effective heat transfer coefficient

Internal heat of outdoor air = Outdoor air x DBT x BF x 1.08

DBT = Difference in dry bulb temperature

Latent heat of outdoor air = Outdoor air x Gr/Lb x BF x 0.68

Sensible heat = Outdoor air x DBT x (1- BF) x 1.08

Latent heat = Outdoor air x Gr/Lb x (1- BF) x 0.68

ESHF = Effective sensible heat factor

ERSF = Effective room sensible heat

ERTH = Effective room total heat

Temperature rise = (1-BF) x (ADPT – RT)

ADPT = Apparent dew point temperature

∆T = Temperature difference between inlet & outlet of chiller

An air conditioning system, or a standalone air conditioner, provides cooling

Fig 1 Refrigeration cycle

The refrigeration cycle uses four essential elements to cool.

Fig .2 Psychrometric chart

3.1 Dry-bulb temperature (DBT)

Solar gain = 24.21870.56 = 1179.5112Btu/hr.

Solar gain through NW wall = 115.846870.34 = 3426.7247 Btu/hr.

Solar gain through SE wall = 67.26110.34 = 251.55 Btu/hr.

Solar gain = 48.42110.56 = 298.26 Btu/hr.

Solar gain through NW wall = 236.393110.34 = 889.10 Btu/hr.

No. of people10 cfm = 3322.88 = 755cfm.