6.

0 DATA ANALYSIS

The data will be analyzed by using descriptive analysis and content analysis.

For the quantitative data, I will use the frequencies & percentages and mean &

standard deviation. Meanwhile, for the qualitative data will be using content

analysis. All the data will be documented by using tables, graph and charts.

6.1 Science practical work can motivate students to study.

An interview with semi-structured is conducted to 3 participating students from

different level of achievement in study to determine in deeply practical work

can help them in understand of science concept. The interview among students

shows that practical work can motivate students to learn science.

Based on the interview, the students are very excited to participating in

teaching and learning process after the implementation of practical work. Some

students mentioned that :

I feel excited because I will use the apparatus like beaker.

(Students A, Line 10)
I will feel very excited before conduct the practical work. I just will
see the apparatus that teacher provide. Just will waiting to start. After
finish the practical work I feel satisfied very because I can get learn
something today and will wait for the next science practical work.
(Students A, Line 24-27)

I will feel excited after teacher prepare the apparatus. Then after
conduct the practical work, I will asked the teacher, when will be the
next science practical work.
(Students C, Line 19-21)

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Its shows that practical work make students feel excited to participate in the

classroom activity. The excitement stimulates a positive motivation among the

students to be active in classroom and increase their curiosity level to learn

science. Practical work also make students feel happy in the classroom. The

positive environment of the classroom will promote a enjoyable and active

teaching and learning process. Some students mention that :

I feel very happy because I will conduct the practical work myself.
(Students B, Line 7)

I will feel very happy before conduct the practical work. I just will
touch the apparatus and try to play with the apparatus. After finish
the practical work I will feel good.
(Students B, Line 24-26)

I feel very happy because I like to conduct the experiment.

(Students C, Line 7)

Other than that, practical work also stimulates interest towards the lesson. Due

to the interest students mastery in science knowledge will be doubled. Some

students mention that :

Science practical work because I can move on during the experiment

so that its won’t be boring .
(Students B, Line 9-10)

Science practical work because it’s really interesting. Some more

when teacher taught, it’s very difficult to catch the topic.
(Students B, Line 13)

Sure.. I like to conduct science practical work because Its enjoyable

and interesting.
(Students C, Line 12-13)

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As students grow up it becomes more difficult for them to concentrate on the

subject and they get distracted more easily with their adolescent problems. To

keep their attention, its very necessary to increase student motivation. The

information that obtained from the interview shows practical work can

motivate students to learn science.

.The researcher use the assistance of a peer to carry out observation during his

teaching and learning process. The observation carried out when the researcher

conducts a practical work while his peer observes the teaching and learning

process. The observation give emphasis on the achievement of the learning

outcome and to test whether the learning objectives are met or not. The

observation also give emphasis to the student’s motivation in classroom. The

peer is given an observation form to evaluate the process of teaching and

learning process and the peer evaluate the aspect by giving rate such excellent,

acceptable, average, good and need improvement.

Table 1 : Data of Observation

Aspect Rating
looked forward for conduct the practical work Excellent

asked about the objective of practical work Acceptable

before start

showed high level willingness to participate Excellent

students enjoy the practical work Excellent

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The data of observation shows that practical work can motivate students to

study. From the data, aspect such as students always looked forward for

conduct the practical work, showed high level willingness to participate and

enjoy the practical work are in excellent rating. Students also have asked about

the objective of practical work before start the practical work.

The data from interview and observation prove that practical work motivate

students to study science. Indirectly it’s will make students involve actively in

the teaching and learning process and also will increase their understanding.

6.2 Science practical work makes students to understand the concept of

science.

Before implement the practical work the researcher give pre test to the sample.

The topic already taught by science teacher with use traditional method,

indirectly from the pre test result researcher can identify the understanding

level of students in science. The post test will be given to the students after

implementing practical work. The analysis of the achievement in post test and

pre test are stated below. There 20 question in both test papers. The question is

based on topic “materials”. The test marks obtained from the percentage of 20

question.

Table 2 : Test Result of Experimental Group

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 Student Pre test Post test
(%) (%)
A 20 40
B 27 53
C 20 47
D 13 40
E 40 60
F 20 53
G 27 40
H 20 40
I 13 40
J 27 47
K 13 40
L 7 40

Table 3 : Test Result of Control Group

Student Pre test Post test

(%) (%)
M 20 33
N 27 27
O 20 27
P 33 47
Q 20 27
R 13 20
S 20 27
T 13 20
U 27 33
V 20 27
W 20 27
X 27 33

Table 1 shows the test result of experimental group meanwhile Table 2 shows

the test result of control group. The following graph shows the data from the

table above.

Graph 1: The comparison scores of pre and post test among experimental
group

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Graph 2: The comparison scores of pre and post test among control group

Graph 1 show the comparison scores of pre and post test among experimental

group whereas Graph 2 shows the comparison scores of pre and post test

among control group. Based on the graphs the score marks of post test increase

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compare to the pre test score. But the score of post test among experimental

group shows drastic increment compare to the control group. Other than that all

the students in experimental group able to score at least 40% which is passing

marks. The minimum marks that scored in pre test by both groups are 7% and

13% respectively, the maximum marks scored in pre test by both groups are

40% and 30% respectively. But the minimum marks that scored in post test by

both groups are 40% and 20% respectively, the maximum marks scored in post

test by both groups are 60% and 47% respectively. Experimental group shows

a positive growth compare to the control group and its prove that practical

work enhance students understanding of science concept.

Table 4: Score mean of pre test and post test

Sample Mean of Pre Mean of Post ( y – x) = z

Test (x) Test (y)

Experimental 20.6 % 45 % 18.4 %

group

Control 21.7 % 27.9 % 6.2 %

Group

Table 4 shows the score mean of pre test and post test for experimental and

control groups. Mean is known as the average of the data. It is represents the

centre of the data distribution whereby the value of mean will normally tell the

location of the whole data distribution. Based on the table, mean of post test for

both groups shows increment compared to mean pre test. The differences

between mean of pre and post test for experimental group is 18.4% but the

differences between mean of pre and post test for control group is only 6.2%.
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The differences of mean for experimental group are higher than differences of

mean for control group. Its proves that practical work makes students

understand of the concept of science.

An interview with semi-structured is conducted to 3 participating students from

different level of achievement in study to determine deeply whether practical

work can help them in understand of science concept. The interview among

students shows that practical work makes students understand better in science

concept. Some students mention that :

I can touch and feel the apparatus during conduct the science
practical work. I can see the result. So it can help me to understand
the topic.
(Students A, Line 20-22)

I can see the things and feel the thing during conduct the science
practical work. So it’s very easy to me to understand and remember.
(Students C, Line 16-17)

It shows that students can handle the apparatus during the implementation of

practical work and observe the result by their own self. It’s make them to

understand better. Some more the practical work helps students to remember

the things that they have study.

Based on the information gained from the interview, students can easily

understand and remember when they practice the things by their own self.

Student B mentioned that:

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 It’s very easy to learn and understand by conducting science practical
work. It’s because I practice the things by my own self. So, it’s make
me understand the topic very well.
(Students B, Line 20-22)

According to the Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, teachers should use

concrete props in their teaching. During concrete operational stage, children

should be given chance to look at the objects the teachers are talking about.

Concrete props help students to learn by experience. This kind of leaning is

very important, as students learn faster in this method of teaching. ( Piaget, J.

1983). Its shows that students will understand well when handle the concrete

materials like apparatus during practical work. The information that gained

from interview prove that practical work enhance students understanding in

science.

6.3 Science practical work inculcated noble values among the students.

The inculcation of scientific attitudes and noble vales generally occurs by

being aware of the importance and the need for scientific attitudes and noble

vales and give emphasis to these attitudes and values. Other than that,

practicing and internalizing the scientific attitudes and noble values. The

science practical work gives consideration to the above stages to ensure the

continuous and effective inculcation of scientific attitudes and noble values.

An interview with semi-structured was conducted to 3 participating students

from different level of achievement determine deeply in practical work, can

help them to understand of science concept. The interview among students

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shows that practical work inculcate noble values among the students. Practical

work promotes noble values such as being co-operation among students. This

is because students do practical science laboratory works in groups, usually

because they need to share equipment materials and helping each other during

conducting the practical work. Some students mentioned that :

I think science practical work will enhance cooperation among

students
(Students A, Line 29-30)

In my opinion, helping each other will be a positive aspect in science

practical work.
(Students C, Line 23-24)

Other than that, science practical work promotes leadership skills among

students. Normally students will do science practical work in groups. So each

group should be lead by a leader and the leader will conduct the groups with

good leadership skills. Student B mention that :

I can lead my group because I am the group leader.

(Students B, Line28)

The statement that given by a group leader shows, science practical work can

enhance students leadership skills and inculcate noble values.

.The researcher use the assistance of a peer to carry out observation during his

teaching and learning process. The observation carried out when the researcher

conducts a practical work while his peer observes the teaching and learning

process. The observation gives emphasis on the achievement of the learning

35
outcome and to test whether the learning objectives were met or not. The

observation also gives emphasis to the noble values that inculcated during the

science practical work. The peer is given an observation form to evaluate the

process of teaching and learning process and the peer evaluate the aspect by

giving rate such excellent, acceptable, average, good and need improvement.

Table 5 : Data of Observation

Aspect Rating
being co-operation Excellent

being systematic Excellent

having critical and analyzing thinking Acceptable

being confident and independent Excellent

The data which collected from observation shows that practical work inculcate

noble values among students. From the data, aspect such as being cooperation,

being systematic and being confident and independent is in excellent rating.

Students also had critical and analyzing thinking. The data from interview and

observation prove that practical work inculcate noble values among students.

6.4 Conclusion

The collected data shows that practical work enhance students understanding in

science. Practical work can motivate students to study. Students feel excited

and happy when practical work was implemented in teaching and learning

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process. It also stimulates students’ interest towards learning and

understanding science. Other than that practical work also helps students to

understand better in science concept. Students can understand easily and

remember when they handle the practical work by their own self. In addition,

practical inculcated noble value among students. It enhancer’s cooperation

among students because they have to work in group during the practical work.

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