Module 05: Chapter 08
Why do you use trace logging?
 Trace logging provides a detailed record of system and
application events when activities such as a disk I/O
operation or a committed transaction occurs.
What is instrumentation?
 Instrumentation is a number of techniques that provide
support and diagnostic information from within an
application itself.
 These technologies include event logging, debug
tracing, and performance counters.
Why do the developers use
instrumentation?
 Instrumentation enables the developers to determine
the running state of a system after it’s been deployed.
 What is debugging and tracing?
 Debugging allows you monitor execution and finding
errors in development environment.
 Tracing allows you to monitor an application's execution
and performance in deployed environment.
What is a BooleanSwitch?
 A BooleanSwitch Provides a simple on/off switch that
controls debugging and tracing output
 You can use a Boolean trace switch to enable or
disable messages based on their importance.
 You use the Enabled property to get the current value
of the switch.
 A BooleanSwitch is configured in the application's
configure file.
 The config should formatted like below
<configuration>
<system.diagnostics>
<switches>
<add name="mySwitch" value="1"/>
</switches>
</system.diagnostics>
</configuration>
 To disable the switch its value is set to 0.
What are performance counters?
 Performance counters provide data about how your
application uses resources.
 At run time, you use the Performance utility that’s part of
Microsoft Windows to provide a graphical view of the
counters.
Lesson 01 summery
 When using LINQ to SQL classes, you can use the Log
property of the DataContext object to collect all the SQL
statements sent to the database server when the
application is running.
 When working with the Entity Framework, you must use
the ToTraceString method on the ObjectQuery object.
 To access the ToTraceString method, you must typically
convert your query to ObjectQuery.
 You can use the Trace framework that is part of the .NET
Framework to write data to the trace listeners, based on
a trace switch setting.
 The Performance Monitor utility can be used while the
application is running to watch the performance monitor
counters.
What is character encoding?
 A character encoding is a particular mapping that
describes how to turn each character in a character set
into a sequence of bytes.
What is encryption?
 Encryption is a process in which data is deliberately
altered so as to conceal its content.
What is symmetric encryption?
 In symmetric encryption a single key is used to encrypt
and decrypt the message.
What is asymmetric encryption?
 In asymmetric encryption, there are two related keys--a
key pair.
→ A public key is made freely available to anyone
who might want to send you a message.
→ A second, private key is kept secret, so that only
you know it.
 Any message (text, binary files, or documents) that are
encrypted by using the public key can only be
decrypted by applying the same algorithm, but by using
the matching private key.
 Any message that is encrypted by using the private key
can only be decrypted by using the matching public
key.
What is hashing (hash function)?
 A cryptographic hash function takes a block of data of
arbitrary size and returns a fixed-size set of binary bits,
known as the hash value, which represents the block of
data; if you change the original block of data in any
way, the calculated hash value changes.
 One of the main purposes of using hashing functions is to
determine whether data has changed, either by
accident or through a malicious act.
What is salting in hashing?
 Salting is a way to randomize hashes by adding a
random string (which is called a salt) before a password
is hashed, which makes it much more difficult to crack.
What is a digital signature?
 A digital signature proves that a message hasn’t been
modified and proves the identity of its author.
 A digital signature is created by calculating a hash of
data, followed by encrypting the hash, with a private
asymmetric encryption key.
Lesson 03 summery
 Symmetric cryptography uses the same key to encrypt
and decrypt a message; its biggest benefit is
performance, but its biggest drawback is the key
exchange requirement.
 The RijndaelManaged class provides a symmetric
algorithm, which is the Advanced Encryption Standard
(AES).
 The CryptoStream class performs symmetric encryption
and decryption.
 Asymmetric cryptography uses a pair of keys known as
public and private keys; its biggest benefit is that the
private key does not need to be transferred across the
Internet, so key disclosure risk is minimized. Its biggest
drawback is its lack of performance.
 A hashing function determines whether data has been
modified.
 A salt ensures that no two hashes of passwords are the
same.
 A digital signature proves the identity of its author and
proves that a message hasn’t been modified.
 Use the aspnet_regiis.exe utility to encrypt .config files
What is Microsoft Sync Framework?
 The Microsoft Sync Framework simplifies the integration
of application data synchronization from any data store.
 Microsoft Sync Framework is used for building
synchronization logic within your application.