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Year
CHEMISTRY
Written examination
DATA BOOK
Instructions
This data book is provided for your reference.
A question and answer book is provided with this data book.
Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic
devices into the examination room.
Table of contents
Page
1. Periodic table of the elements 3
2. Electrochemical series 4
3. Chemical relationships 5
4. Physical constants and standard values 5
5. Unit conversions 6
6. Metric (including SI) prefixes 6
7. Acid-base indicators 6
8. Representations of organic molecules 7
9. Formulas of some fatty acids 7
10. Formulas of some biomolecules 8–9
11. Heats of combustion of common fuels 10
12. Heats of combustion of common blended fuels 10
13. Energy content of food groups 10
14. Characteristic ranges for infra-red absorption 11
15. 13C NMR data 11
16. 1H NMR data 12–13
17. 2-amino acids (α-amino acids) 14–15
1. Periodic table of the elements
1 2
H He
1.0 4.0
hydrogen helium
3 4 atomic number 79 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be Au symbol of element B C N O F Ne
6.9 9.0 relative atomic mass 197.0 10.8 12.0 14.0 16.0 19.0 20.2
lithium beryllium gold name of element boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
23.0 24.3 27.0 28.1 31.0 32.1 35.5 39.9
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.1 40.1 45.0 47.9 50.9 52.0 54.9 55.8 58.9 58.7 63.5 65.4 69.7 72.6 74.9 79.0 79.9 83.8
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.5 87.6 88.9 91.2 92.9 96.0 (98) 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
3
55 56 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba 57–71 Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.9 137.3 lanthanoids 178.5 180.9 183.8 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 (210) (210) (222)
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
87 88 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116
117 118
Fr Ra 89–103 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
(223) (226) actinoids (261) (262) (266) (264) (267) (268) (271) (272) (285) (280) (289) (289) (292)
(294) (294)
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium nihonium flerovium moscovium livermorium tennessine oganesson
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
138.9 140.1 140.9 144.2 (145) 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.1 175.0
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
The value in brackets indicates the mass number of the longest-lived isotope.
TURN OVER
CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK
CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK 4
m V
number of moles of a substance =n = ; n cV ; n =
M Vm
VIt
calibration factor (CF) for bomb calorimetry CF =
∆T
q
enthalpy of combustion ∆H =
n
electric charge Q = It
Q
number of moles of electrons n (e − ) =
F
specific heat capacity of water c 4.18 kJ kg–1 K–1 or 4.18 J g–1 K–1
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CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK 6
0 °C 273 K
Formula Representation
molecular formula C 4 H 8O 2
structural formula H H H O
H C C C C
H H H O H
skeletal structure O
H
O
TURN OVER
CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK 8
CH3
H 3C CH CH CH H3C CH2 CH2 CH
3
CH CH CH
3 CH CH2 CH
CH3 CH3
CH3 CH3
CH CH
CH CH
CH2 CH2
HO HO
vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
H
OH
O
H C OH
HO H C OH
CH OH
H C OH
CH2
HO H
CH2OH CH2OH
O O
OH OH
HO OH CH2OH
HO
OH OH
α-glucose β-fructose
OH OH OH O OH
HO O CH2OH
OH OH OH OH
sucrose lactose
9 CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK
CH2OH OH
O O
O
H2N O OH
N OH
CH3
H O O O O
HO
OH CH2OH
n
O
aspartame cellulose
CH2OH
O
OH
O
OH
O
OH OH OH
O O O O
OH OH OH
amylopectin (starch)
OH OH OH
O O O O
OH OH OH
n
amylose (starch)
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CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK 10
protein 17
carbohydrate 16
11 CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK
R–CH3 8–25
R–CH2–R 20– 45
R3–CH 40–60
R4–C 36– 45
R–CH2–X 15–80
R–CH2–OH 50–90
RC CR 75–95
R2C=CR2 110–150
RCOOH 160–185
R 165–175
C O
RO
R 190–200
C O
H
R2C=O 205–220
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CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK 12
R–CH3 0.9–1.0
R–CH2–R 1.3–1.4
RCH=CH–CH3 1.6–1.9
R3–CH 1.5
O O
CH3 C or CH3 C 2.0
OR NHR
R CH3
C 2.1–2.7
O
R–CH2–X (X = F, Cl, Br or I) 3.0– 4.5
O
R C 3.2
NHCH2R
R—O—CH3 or R—O—CH2R 3.3–3.7
O
O C CH3 2.3
O
R C 3.7– 4.8
OCH2R
R–O–H 1–6
(varies considerably under different conditions)
R–NH2 1–5
OH 4.0–12.0
13 CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK
H 6.9–9.0
O
R C 8.1
NHCH2R
O
R C 9.4 –10.0
H
O
R C 9.0–13.0
O H
TURN OVER
CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK 14
H2N CH COOH
arginine Arg NH
H2N CH COOH
asparagine Asn O
CH2 C NH2
H2N CH COOH
H2N CH COOH
H2N CH COOH
H2N CH COOH
glutamine Gln O
H2N CH COOH
histidine His N
CH2 N
H
H2N CH COOH
H2N CH COOH
15 CHEMISTRY DATA BOOK
CH2
H2N CH COOH
H2N CH COOH
H2N CH COOH
phenylalanine Phe
CH2
H2N CH COOH
H2N CH COOH
H2N CH COOH
tryptophan Trp HN
CH2
H2N CH COOH
tyrosine Tyr OH
CH2
H2N CH COOH
H 2N CH COOH