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Class 10
Polynomials
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(1) If α and β are the zeros of quadratic polynomial x 2 + px + 2q, find the value of α2 + β2.
1 1
(2) If a and b are the zeros of quadratic polynomial x 2 + 2px + q, find the value of + .
a b
(3) If α and β are the zeros of quadratic polynomial x2 + 3x - 4, find the value of α3 + β3.
(4) Find the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x3 - 12x2 + 47x - 60, if it is given that sum of its two zeros is 9.
(5) Find the quadratic polynomial such that sum of its zeros is 10 and difference between zeros is 8.
(6) Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeros are reciprocals of the zeros of the polynomial x2 + 7x + 12.
(7) If two zeros of polynomial x 3 + bx2 + cx + d are 3+√3 and 3-√3, find its third zero.
(8) If α and β are the zeros of polynomial x2 - 6x + k, such that α2 + β2 = 20. Find the value of k.
(9) If α and β are the zeros of quadratic polynomial x2 - 4x - 5, find the value of 1/α 3 + 1/β 3.
(10) Find the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x3 - 21x2 + 143x - 315, if it is given that the zeros are in
arithmetic progression.
(11) If α and β are the zeros of polynomial x2 - 7x + k, such that α - β = 3. Find the value of k.
(12) If α and β are the zeros of polynomial x2 - x - 2, find a polynomial whose zeros are α 2/β2 and β2/α2.
(13) If α and β are the zeros of polynomial x2 + 3x - 4, find a polynomial whose zeros are 3α+1 and 3β+1.
(14) Find the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x3 - 2x2 - 25x + 50, if it is given that two of its zeros are equal in
magnitude but opposite in sign.
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [2]
Answers
(1) p2 - 4q
Step 1
Sum of zeros = α + β = -(p/1) = -p
Step 2
Product of zeros = αβ = 2p/1 = 2q
Step 3
Step 4
α2 + β2 = p2 - 4q
-2p
(2)
q
Step 1
2p
Since, sum of zeros = a + b = - = -2p
1
Step 2
q
Since, product of zeros = ab = =q
1
Step 3
1 1 a+b -2p
Therefore, + = = .
a b ab q
(3) -63
Step 1
Sum of zeros = α + β = -(3/1) = -3
Step 2
Product of zeros = αβ = -4/1 = -4
Step 3
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [3]
(4) 4, 5 and 3
Step 1
Let α, β and γ be the zeros of polynomial
Step 2
α+β=9
Step 3
α + β + γ = 12
Step 4
γ = 12 - 9 = 3
Step 5
Product of zeros = αβγ = 60
Step 6
αβ = 60/3 = 20
Step 7
α (9 - α) = 20
Step 8
9α - α2 = 20
Step 9
α2 - 9α + 20 = 0
Step 10
(α - 4) (α - 5) = 0
Step 11
α = 4 or 5
Step 12
β = (9 - 4) = 5 or (9 - 5) = 4
Step 13
Hence zeros are 4, 5 and 3
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [4]
Step 1
Let α and β be the zeros of the required polynomial
Step 2
Sum of zeros α + β = 10
Step 3
Difference of zeros α - β = 8
Step 4
(α + β) 2 - (α - β) 2 = 4αβ
Step 5
Step 6
36 = 4αβ
Step 7
αβ = 36/4 = 9
Step 8
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [5]
(6)
Step 1
Step 2
Sum of zeros α + β = -(7/1) = -7
Step 3
Product of zeros αβ = (12/1) = 12
Step 4
Let S and P respectively be the sum and products of zeros of the required polynomial
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
(k is a constant)
(7) -b - 6
Step 1
Let third zero be x
Step 2
Sum of zeros = -b/1 = -b
Step 3
(3+√3) + (3-√3) + x = -b
Step 4
6 + x = -b
Step 5
x = -b - 6
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [6]
(8) 8
Step 1
Sum of zeros α + β = -(-6/1) = 6
Step 2
Product of zeros αβ = (k/1) = k
Step 3
(α + β) 2 = (6)2
Step 4
Step 5
20 + 2k = 36
Step 6
2k = 16
Step 7
k=8
(9) -124/125
Step 1
Sum of zeros = α + β = -(-4/1) = 4
Step 2
Product of zeros = αβ = -5/1 = -5
Step 3
= -124/125
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [7]
(10) 5, 7 and 9
Step 1
Let α = (a - d), β = a and γ = (a + d) be the zeros of polynomial
Step 2
α + β + γ = 21
Step 3
(a - d) + a + (a + d) = 21
Step 4
3a = 21
Step 5
a = 21/3 = 7
Step 6
Product of zeros = αβγ = 315
Step 7
(a - d)(a)(a + d) = 315
Step 8
a(a2 - d 2) = 315
Step 9
7(72 - d 2) = 315
Step 10
72 - d 2 = 315/7 = 45
Step 11
d2 = 4
Step 12
d = 2 or - 2
Step 13
Hence zeros are (7 - 2), 7 and (7 + 2) => 5, 7 and 9
OR
(7 + 2), 7 and (7 - 2) => 9, 7 and 5
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [8]
(11) 10
Step 1
Sum of zeros α + β = -(-7/1) = 7
Step 2
Product of zeros αβ = (k/1) = k
Step 3
(α - β) 2 = (3)2
Step 4
(α + β) 2 - 4αβ = 9
Step 5
(7)2 - 4k = 9
Step 6
(7)2 - 4k = 9
Step 7
49 - 4k = 9
Step 8
4k = 40
Step 9
k = 40/4 = 10
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [9]
(12)
Step 1
Sum of zeros α + β = -(-1/1) = 1
Step 2
Product of zeros αβ = (-2/1) = -2
Step 3
Let S and P respectively be the sum and products of zeros of the required polynomial
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
P = (α2/β2) (β 2/α2) = 1
Step 7
(k is a constant)
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [10]
Step 1
Sum of zeros α + β = -(3/1) = -3
Step 2
Product of zeros αβ = (-4/1) = -4
Step 3
Let S and P respectively be the sum and products of zeros of the required polynomial
Step 4
S = 3α + 1 + 3β + 1 = 3(α + β) + 2(1)
Step 5
S = 3(-3) + 2(1) = -7
Step 6
P = (3α + 1) (3β + 1) = 9αβ + 3α + 3β + 1 = 9αβ + 3(α + β) + 1
Step 7
P = 9 × -4 + 3 × -3 + 1 = -44
Step 8
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ID : in-10-Polynomials [11]
(14) 5, -5 and 2
Step 1
Let α, β and γ be the zeros of polynomial
Step 2
It is given than β = -α
Step 3
α+β+γ=2
Step 4
α + (-α) + γ = 2
Step 5
γ=2
Step 6
Product of zeros = αβγ = -50
Step 7
(α)(-α)(2) = -50
Step 8
α2 = -50/(-2) = 25
Step 9
α = 5 or -5
Step 10
β = -5 or 5
Step 11
Hence zeros are 5, -5 and 2
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