Beam Design

Beam Data
width 200 mm
depth 600 mm d' 36 mm .= cc+ sdia + mdia/2
clear cover to main 15 mm eff depth 565 mm .= d - d'
reinf.
Material Grades
Concrete 20 MPa
Steel 415 MPa

Moment 123 KN-m Mu/bd2 1.93

xumax 270 .= (700/(1100 * (0.87 * fy)) * d
Mulim 176 .= 0.36*fck*b*xumax*(d-(0.42*xumax))
Mulim/bd2 2.76

Beam is designed as Singly Reinforced Beam

Area of Steel Tension (Ast) Compr (Asc)

Percentage 0.613 % ------- Refer Table 2 SP 16 pg 48
Area of Steel 692 sqmm

Tension Reinforcement
Type Bar dia Nos Area of Steel
Layer 1 25 mm 2 982 sqmm
Layer 2 16 mm 2 402 sqmm
Layer 3 - 2
Total Steel Provided 1384 sqmm 1.226 %
Provided Steel OK

Compression Reinforcement
Type Bar dia Nos Area of Steel
Layer 1 12 mm 2
Layer 2 -
Layer 3
Total Steel Provided #VALUE!

Shear Force (Vu) 200 KN

ζv 1.771 .=Vu / (b * d)
ζc 0.562 Refer Table 61 SP 16 pg 179 or =(0.85*√(0.8*fck)*√(1+5β)-1)) / (6β)
ζcmax 2.8 Refer Table J SP 16 pg 175

Type Bar Dia Nos Area of Steel

Layer 1 16 mm 2 402 sqmm
Layer 2 12 mm 4 452 sqmm
Layer 3 -
Total Steel Provided 855 sqmm 0.757 %

Sectional Dimensions OK
Shear Reinforcements required

Type of stirrup 2 legged

Stirrup diameter 8 mm
Spacing 150 c/c
Steel Calculation

Grade Check
7.1

SRB DRB
a 0.75 .=(0.87435/100) * (fy/fck)2 a 0.75 .=(0.87435/100) * (fy/fck)2
b -3.611 .=(0.87/100) * (fy) b -3.611 .=(0.87/100) * (fy)
c 1.930 .=Mu/bd2 c 2.762 .=Mulim/bd2
-p 0.613 .=-(b±√(b2-4ac))/2a -p 0.955 .=-(b±√(b2-4ac))/2a
Ast 692 .=(p*b*d)/100 Astlim 1079 .=(p*b*d)/100

Mu2 -53 .=Mu - Mulim

Ast2 -278 .=Mu2/((0.87*fy)*(d-d'))
Ast 801 .=Astlim+Ast2

0.0629 d'/d 0.10

0.1 fsc 353 Refer Table F SP 16 pg 13
fcc 8.92 .=0.466*fck
Asc -291 .=Mu2/((fsc-fcc)*(d-d'))

Min steel % 0.205 .=0.85% / fy

Ast 692
Asc -291

Min Steel 231 .=(0.85*b*d) / fy

Max Steel 4516 .=0.04*b*d)

Ast 692
Asc

Shear Calculations

Pt provided 0.757 .=(Ast*100)/(b*d)

Pc provided .=(Asc*100)/(b*d)
β 3.068 .=(0.8*fck)/(6.89*Pt)

Shear Capacity of Concrete (Vs) 63 .=ζc*b*d

Shear Stg to be caried by Stirrup (Vus) 137 .=Vu-Vs

Spacing
least of the 4
provide the

actual req 150 .=(Asv*0.87fy*d)/Vus

min 454 .=(Asv*0.87fy)/(b*0.4)
max 423 .=0.75d
max 300 .=300mm
 Column Design

Design Loads
Load Pu 2000 KN
Moment Mu 20 KN-m

Column Data
width b 200 mm
depth d 200 mm
length l 3.00 meters

Grade
Concrete fck 20 MPa
Steel fy 415 MPa

Pu/(fckbd) 2.50 Minimum eccentricity

Mu/(fckbd2) 0.01 ex 1.27 mm OK
d'/d 0.05 ey 1.27 mm OK

Refer Chart 31 of SP 16, Page no: 116

pt/fck 0.18

pt 3.60%
Ast 1440 sqmm

Number of bars
dia nos ast
25 mm 4 1963 sqmm ● ● ● ● ● ● 4- ###

20 mm 4 1257 sqmm 4- ###

20 mm 4 1257 sqmm ● ● ● ● ● ● 4- ###

Total 12 4477 sqmm

Steel provided OK
Column Design

Design Constants Design Final Ast Area of Steel

Sl Grid Col Col
Col Nos. Load Moment Column Data Grade Ast Req Remark Check Fig
No. No type Shape Pu/(fckbdl) Mu/(fckbd ) d'/d
2
Type 1 Type 2 Total Reinf Provided
l Paramenters Required
Ast less than Steel
1 - - C1 R 1500 KN 30 KN-m 30 KN-m 200 mm 750 mm 750 mm 50 mm 3.60 m 20 MPa 415 MPa 0.50 0.01 0.1 0.02 0.40% 600 sqmm 1200 sqmm 4 12 mm 452 sqmm 2 12 mm 226 sqmm 6 679 sqmm provided
min Ast req. NOT OK

08/08/2018 Page 5 of 21
 Slab Design

Slab thickness t 150 mm Sunken Depth 325 mm

Concrete fck 20 MPa
Steel fy 415 MPa

Loading
Slab Load Sunken Slab Load
Dead Load DL 3.750 KN/m Dead Load DL 3.750 KN/m
Live Load LL 2.000 KN/m Filler Load FL 5 KN/m
Finishes Load WL 1.000 KN/m Live Load LL 3.0 KN/m
Total Load Ws 6.750 KN/m Finishes Load WL 1.0 KN/m
Factored Load Wsu 10 KN/m Total Load Wsk 12.37 KN/m
Factored Load Wsku 19 KN/m

Slab Data
Slab Type Regular
Load 10 KN/m
Longer Span (ly) 9.50 m ly/lx ratio 2.02
Shorter Span (lx) 4.70 m Slab type -

Loading on edges one way two way

Wlonger 24 KN/m .=w*lx/2 .=(w*lx/2) + (1-(1/3)*(lx/ly)2)
Wshorter .=w*lx/3

Moments one way two way

Mx 28 KN-m .=w*lx2/ 8 .=αx * w*lx2
.=αy * w*lx2

Thickness Check OK .=Mulim > Mux or Muy

Deflection 10 mm .= 5*W*l4/(384EI)

Astx Refer Chart 4 SP 16 pg 21 or

Area of Steel
667 sqmm Refer Table 5-44 SP 16 pg 51-80

Spacing required in mm
8# 10# 12# 16#
x y x y x y x x
75 c/c 118 c/c 170 c/c 301 c/c
.=ast of bar*1000/ast req

Final Ast x y
provided
Design Calculations

ONE WAY TWO WAY

a 0.75 .=(0.87435/100) * (fy/fck) 2
a 0.75 .=(0.87435/100) * (fy/fck)2
b -3.611 .=(0.87/100) * (fy) b -3.611 .=(0.87/100) * (fy)
cx 1.654 .=Mu/bd2 cy #VALUE! .=Mu/bd2
-px 0.513 .=-(b±√(b2-4ac))/2a -py #VALUE! .=-(b±√(b2-4ac))/2a
Ast 667 .=(p*b*d)/100 Ast #VALUE! .=(p*b*d)/100

Min Ast % mm2

0.12 180

Interpolation 1 0.056

Table 26 IS 456 pg 91
ly/lx αx αy 1.1 0.064
lower upper exact lower upper interptn.
value value value value value value 1.2 0.072
0.00 0.00 2.02 #N/A #N/A #N/A 0.056 1.3 0.079
1.4 0.085
1.5 0.089
2 0.107

xumax 62 .= (700/(1100 * (0.87 * fy)) * d

Mulim 47 KN-m .= 0.36*fck*b*xumax*(d-(0.42*xumax))
Mulim/bd2 2.76
Mux/bd2 1.65
Muy/bd #VALUE!
2

E 2.24E+07
I 2.81E-04 .= bd3/12
Defln 10.23 .= 5*W*l4/(384EI)
Slab thickness t 150 mm
Concrete fck 20 MPa
Steel fy 415 MPa Sunken Depth 450 mm
Loading
Slab Load Sunken Slab Load
Dead Load DL 3.75 KN/m Dead Load DL 3.75 KN/m
Live Load LL 3.00 KN/m Filler Load FL 6.39 KN/m
Floor Finish FF 1.00 KN/m Live Load LL 3.00 KN/m
Other Load OL 0.00 KN/m Floor Finish Load WL 1.00 KN/m
Total Load Ws 7.75 KN/m Total Load Wsk 14.14 KN/m
Factored Load Wsu 12 KN/m Factored Load Wsku 21 KN/m

Design & Reinforcement Details of Slabs

Slab Data Spacing required in mm

Slab Name
Slab type

Slab type
Spacing provided in
Longer Shorter Loading on edges Moments Thickness Area of Steel
Load ly/lx 8# 10# 12# mm c/c
Sl.No Sl. Id Thickness Span Span Check
Wsu / Wsku ly lx Wlonger Wshorter Mx Astx x y x y x y x y

1 Regular 150 mm 12 KN 7.20 m 3.00 m 2.40 - 18 KN/m 14 KN-m OK 302 sqmm 166 c/c 260 c/c 374 c/c -
1a Regular 150 mm 12 KN 7.20 m 3.50 m 2.06 - 21 KN/m 18 KN-m OK 420 sqmm 120 c/c 187 c/c 269 c/c -
2 Regular 150 mm 12 KN 9.20 m 1.50 m 6.13 - 9 KN/m 3 KN-m OK 180 sqmm 279 c/c 436 c/c 628 c/c -
3 Regular 150 mm 12 KN 5.70 m 2.00 m 2.85 - 12 KN/m 6 KN-m OK 180 sqmm 279 c/c 436 c/c 628 c/c -
4 Regular 150 mm 12 KN 3.60 m 2.00 m 1.80 + 11 KN/m 8 KN/m 5 KN-m 3 KN-m OK 180 sqmm 180 sqmm 279 c/c 279 c/c 436 c/c 436 c/c 628 c/c 628 c/c +
5 Regular 150 mm 12 KN 15.00 m 2.60 m 5.77 - 16 KN/m 10 KN-m OK 224 sqmm 224 c/c 350 c/c 505 c/c -
6 Regular 150 mm 12 KN 6.50 m 5.50 m 1.18 + 25 KN/m 22 KN/m 26 KN-m 20 KN-m OK 604 sqmm 468 sqmm 83 c/c 107 c/c 130 c/c 168 c/c 187 c/c 242 c/c +
7 Regular 150 mm 12 KN 7.40 m 6.00 m 1.23 + 28 KN/m 24 KN/m 32 KN-m 24 KN-m OK 782 sqmm 567 sqmm 64 c/c 89 c/c 100 c/c 139 c/c 145 c/c 199 c/c +
8 Regular 150 mm 12 KN 8.30 m 2.40 m 3.46 - 14 KN/m 9 KN-m OK 190 sqmm 265 c/c 414 c/c 596 c/c -
9 Regular 150 mm 12 KN 6.70 m 3.70 m 1.81 + 20 KN/m 15 KN/m 17 KN-m 9 KN-m OK 379 sqmm 203 sqmm 133 c/c 248 c/c 207 c/c 388 c/c 298 c/c 558 c/c +
10 Sunken 150 mm 21 KN 6.50 m 5.00 m 1.30 + 42 KN/m 35 KN/m 41 KN-m 29 KN-m OK 1066 sqmm 706 sqmm 47 c/c 71 c/c 74 c/c 111 c/c 106 c/c 160 c/c +
11 Sunken 150 mm 21 KN 5.80 m 4.80 m 1.21 + 39 KN/m 34 KN/m 35 KN-m 27 KN-m OK 869 sqmm 644 sqmm 58 c/c 78 c/c 90 c/c 122 c/c 130 c/c 176 c/c +
 Values of Moments and Shear force at different locations
Location (meters) Moments (KNm) Shear (KN)

Mark
x y Mx My Mxy Qx Qy
0 0 0 0 9 0 0
1.5 0 0 0 9 0 15
3 0 0 0 7 0 27
4.5 0 0 0 4 0 36
6 0 0 0 0 0 39
7.5 0 0 0 -4 0 36
9 0 0 0 -7 0 27
10.5 0 0 0 -9 0 15
12 0 0 0 -9 0 0
0 1.5 0 0 9 15 0
1.5 1.5 20 20 8 14 14
3 1.5 38 38 6 10 25
4.5 1.5 49 49 3 6 33
6 1.5 53 53 0 0 36
7.5 1.5 49 49 -3 -6 33
9 1.5 38 38 -6 -10 25
10.5 1.5 20 20 -8 -14 14
12 1.5 0 0 -9 -15 0
0 3 0 0 7 27 0
1.5 3 38 38 6 25 10
3 3 69 69 5 19 19
4.5 3 91 91 3 10 25
6 3 98 98 0 0 27
7.5 3 91 91 -3 -10 25
9 3 69 69 -5 -19 19
10.5 3 38 38 -6 -25 10
12 3 0 0 -7 -27 0
0 4.5 0 0 4 36 0
1.5 4.5 49 49 3 33 6
3 4.5 91 91 3 25 10
4.5 4.5 118 118 1 14 14
6 4.5 128 128 0 0 15
7.5 4.5 118 118 -1 -14 14
9 4.5 91 91 -3 -25 10
10.5 4.5 49 49 -3 -33 6
12 4.5 0 0 -4 -36 0
0 6 0 0 0 39 0
1.5 6 53 53 0 36 0
3 6 98 98 0 27 0
4.5 6 128 128 0 15 0
6 6 139 139 0 0 0
7.5 6 128 128 0 -15 0
9 6 98 98 0 -27 0
10.5 6 53 53 0 -36 0
12 6 0 0 0 -39 0
0 7.5 0 0 -4 36 0
1.5 7.5 49 49 -3 33 -6
3 7.5 91 91 -3 25 -10
4.5 7.5 118 118 -1 14 -14
6 7.5 128 128 0 0 -15
7.5 7.5 118 118 1 -14 -14
9 7.5 91 91 3 -25 -10
10.5 7.5 49 49 3 -33 -6
12 7.5 0 0 4 -36 0
0 9 0 0 -7 27 0
1.5 9 38 38 -6 25 -10
3 9 69 69 -5 19 -19
4.5 9 91 91 -3 10 -25
6 9 98 98 0 0 -27
7.5 9 91 91 3 -10 -25
9 9 69 69 5 -19 -19
10.5 9 38 38 6 -25 -10
12 9 0 0 7 -27 0
0 10.5 0 0 -9 15 0
1.5 10.5 20 20 -8 14 -14
3 10.5 38 38 -6 10 -25
4.5 10.5 49 49 -3 6 -33
6 10.5 53 53 0 0 -36
7.5 10.5 49 49 3 -6 -33
9 10.5 38 38 6 -10 -25
10.5 10.5 20 20 8 -14 -14
12 10.5 0 0 9 -15 0
0 12 0 0 -9 0 0
1.5 12 0 0 -9 0 -15
3 12 0 0 -7 0 -27
4.5 12 0 0 -4 0 -36
6 12 0 0 0 0 -39
7.5 12 0 0 4 0 -36
9 12 0 0 7 0 -27
10.5 12 0 0 9 0 -15
12 12 0 0 9 0 0
 Staircase Design

Data
Effective Span (l) 3.00 mm
Riser (R) 150 mm
Thread (T) 300 mm
Waist Slab thickness (t) 150 mm
Clear Cover 15 mm
Effective Depth of Waist Slab (d) 135 mm

Grade of Concrete (fck) 20 MPa

Grade of Steel (fy) 415 MPa

Loading
Loads on going Loads on waist slab
Self weight of waist slab 4.19 KN/m Self weight of landing slab 3.75 KN/m
Self weight of steps 1.88 KN/m Live Load 2.00 KN/m
Live Load 3.00 KN/m Floor Finish Load 1.00 KN/m
Floor Finish Load 1.00 KN/m Total Load 6.75 KN/m
Total Load 10.07 KN/m Factored Load 10.13 KN/m
Factored Load 15.10 KN/m

Bending Moment

Calculate Bending Moment using the equation (W*L*L )/8

###
Bending Moment = 17 KN-m

Reaction
to be used as UDL = 23 KN ###
60 KN-m

Area of Main Steel

Ast 370 sqmm

Spacing
Diameter of bar 12ø 16ø
Spacing across x 306 c/c 544 c/c

Provded Main Steel:

Area of Distribution Steel

Ast 180 sqmm

Spacing
Diameter of bar 8ø 10ø
Spacing across y 279 c/c 436 c/c

Provided Distridution Steel:

Seismic Zone II Table 2 IS 1893 2002 pg 16
Seismic Intensity z 0.1

Importance factor I 1.5 Table 6 IS 1893 2002 pg 18

Response Reduction Factor R 3 Table 7 IS 1893 2002 pg 23

Lateral Dimension of Building d 65.6 meters

Height of the of Building h 50.4 meters

with brick infill

Fundamental Natural Period Ta 0.560

Type of Soil Medium Soil

Spectral Acceleration Coefficient Sa/g 0.000

Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient Ah 0

Seismic Weight of Building W 680034 KN

Design Seismic Base Shear VB 0 KN

 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL

1 Preliminary Data
i) Height of RW h 3.00 meters
ii) Soil Density γs 18 KN/cum
iii) SBC qo 250 KN/sqm
30 degrees
iv) Angle of repose Ø
0.524 radians
0 degrees
v) Surcharge Angle Ө
0.000 radians
vi) Coefficient of friction µ 0.5
vii) Surcharge Load Ws 4 KN/sqm

2 Pressure Coefficients
Active Pressure Coefficients
i) =(cosӨ-√(cos2Ө-cos2Ø)*cosӨ) / (cosӨ+√(cos2Ө- Ca 0.333
cos2Ø))
Passive Pressure Coefficients
ii) Cp 3.00
= (1+SinØ) / (1+SinØ)

3 Preliminary Dimensions
Proposed Adopted
i) Thickness of Stem ts - 0.20 meters
ii) Thickness of footing base slab tb = 0.08 * (h + hs) 0.24 meters 0.30 meters
Length of base slab L = 1.5 * √(Ca/3) * (h + hs) 1.61 meters
iii) 2.00 meters
or L = 0.6h to 0.65h 2.09 meters

iv) Extra Height of Retaining Wall due to Surcharge hs = Ws/γs 0.22 meters
v) Total Height of Retaining Wall due to Surcharge Hs = h+hs 3.22 meters

vi) Extra Height of RW due to inclined back fill hi = (L-ts)* tanӨ 0.00 meters
vii) Total Height of RW due to inclined back fill Hi = h+hi 3.00 meters

viii) Design Height of RW considered H = Max of H1 & H2 3.22 meters

4 Stability against Overturning

i) Active pressure due Surcharge Load Pa1 = Ca*Ws*h 4 KN
ii) Active pressure due Backfill Load Pa2 = Ca*γs*h2 / 2 27 KN
iii) Total Load on stem Pa = Pa1 + Pa2 31 KN

iv) Overturning Moment Mo= (Pa1 * h/2) +(( Pa2*CosӨ)* h/3) 33 KNm

v) Load Lever arm from end of stem Moment

W1 Backfill Load = (L-ts)*(h-tb)*γs 87 KN (L-ts) / 2 0.90 meters 79 KNm

W2 Surcharge Load = Ca*Ws*h 4 KN (L-ts) / 2 0.90 meters 4 KNm
W3 Inclined Backfill Load = ((L-ts)*hi)/2*γs 0 KN (L-ts) / 3 0.60 meters 0 KNm
W4 Stem self weight = ts*(h-tb)*γconc 14 KN (L- (ts/2))/2 0.95 meters 13 KNm
W5 Base self weight = L*tb*γconc 15 KN L/2 1.00 meters 15 KNm
W6 Downward component = Pa*sinӨ 0 KN 0 KNm
W6 Other Load 0 KNm
∑W 120 KN ∑Mw 110 KNm

vi) Distance of Resultant Vertical Force from end of heel xw=∑Mw/∑W 0.92 meters

vii) Stabilizing Moment Mr =∑W * (L - xw) 130 KNm

viii) Factor of Safety against OVERTURNING

(FS)OT = 0.9 * (Mr/Mo) 3.54 > 1.4 Safe against Overturning

5 Stability against Sliding

i) Sliding Force Pa*CosӨ 31 KN
ii) Resisting Force F = µ*∑W 60 KN

iii) Factor of Safety against SLIDING

(FS)SL=0.9*(F/(Pa*CosӨ)) 1.74 > 1.4 Safe against Sliding

Shear Key not required

iv) Shear key Design

x 0.00 meters
a) Shear Key Size
y 0.00 meters
b) Distance from stem z 0.00 meters
c) Heigth of exacavation h1 0.00 meters
d) Heigth of exacavation h2 = h1 + y + (z * tanØ) 0.00 meters
e) Passive Pressure Pp = Cp*γs*(h12-h22) / 2 0 KN

v) Revised Factor of Safety against SLIDING

(FS)sliding = 0.9 * ((F+Pp)/(Pa*CosӨ)) 1.74 > 1.4
Safe against Sliding

6 Soil Pressures at footing base

i) Resultant Vertical Reaction ∑W = R 120 KN
ii) Distance of R from heel Lr = (Mw+Mo)/R 1.19 meters
iii) Eccentricity e = Lr- L/2 0.19 meters
Eccentricity lies within middle third of the base hence OK

iv) Pressure Distridution on soil qmax = R/L * (1+(6*e/L)) 95 KN/sqm

qmin = R/L * (1-(6*e/L)) 25 KN/sqm
Max Pressure qmax<SBC hence pressure on base is OK

Pressure at junction of stem and q =q -((q -q )/L)*t )

v) sh max max min 88 KN/sqm
heel s
 DESIGN OF L Shaped Cantilever RETAINING WALL

1 Preliminary Data
i) Height of Retaining Wall h 3.60 meters
ii) Soil Density γs 18 KN/cum
iii) SBC qo 150 KN/sqm
iv) Angle of repose Ø 30 degrees
0.524 radians
v) Surcharge Angle Ө 0 degrees
0.000 radians
vi) Coefficient of friction µ 0.5
vii) Surcharge Load Ws 2 KN/sqm

2 Pressure Coefficients
i) Active Pressure Coefficients Ca 0.333
=(cosӨ-√(cos2Ө-cos2Ø)*cosӨ) /
(cosӨ+√(cos2Ө-cos2Ø))
ii) Passive Pressure Coefficients Cp 3.00
= (1+SinØ) / (1+SinØ)

3 Preliminary Dimensions
Proposed Adopted
i) Thickness of Stem ts min 200mm 0.20 meters
ii) Thickness of footing base slab tb = 0.08 * (h + hs) 0.29 meters 0.25 meters
iii) Length of base slab L = 1.5 * √(Ca/3) * (h + hs) 1.86 meters
2.50 meters
L = 0.6h to 0.65h 2.41 meters

iv) Extra Height of Retaining Wall due to Surcharge hs = Ws/γs 0.11 meters
v) Total Height of Retaining Wall due to Surcharge Hs = h+hs 3.71 meters

vi) Extra Height of RW due to inclined back fill hi = (L-ts)* tanӨ 0.00 meters
vii) Total Height of RW due to inclined back fill Hi = h+hi 3.60 meters

viii) Design Height of RW considered H = Max of H1 & H2 3.71 meters

4 Stability against Overturning

i) Active pressure due Surcharge Load PHS = Ca*Ws*h 2 KN
ii) Active pressure due Backfill Load PH = Ca*γs*h2 / 2 41 KN
iii) Total Load on stem (Force) Pa = PHS + PH 44 KN
iv) Overturning Moment due to Imposed load MOIL = PHS*h/2 5 KN
v) Overturning Moment due to Backfill load MODL = PH*h/3 51 KN
vi) Overturning Moment Mo = (1.2*MDIL) + (1.4*MOIL) 68 KN

v) Load Lever arm at end of stem Moment

W1 Backfill Load = (L-ts)*(h-tb)*γs 143 KN ((L-ts) / 2) + ts 1.35 meters 193 KNm
W2 Inclined Backfill Load = ((L-ts)*hi)/2*γs 0 KN ((L-ts) / 3) + ts 0.97 meters 0 KNm
W3 Stem self weight = ts*(h-tb)*γconc 17 KN ts / 2 0.10 meters 2 KNm
W4 Base self weight = L*tb*γconc 16 KN L/2 1.25 meters 20 KNm
∑W 176 KN ∑Mw 215 KNm

viii) Mw not less than (1.2*MODL) +(1.4*MOIL) Safe against Overturning

-clause 20.1 page 33 of IS 456 2000

5 Stability against Sliding

i) Sliding Force Pa = PHS + PH 44 KN
ii) Resisting Force F = µ*∑W 88 KN

iii) (FS)SL= (0.9*F)/(Pa) 1.81 > 1.4 Safe against Sliding

-clause 20.2 page 33 of IS 456 2000

6 Soil Pressures at footing base

i) Net Moment at toe Mn = Mw - Mo 159 KN
ii) Point of application of Resultant R x = Mn/W 0.90 meters
iii) Eccentricity e = (L/2) - x 0.35 meters L/6= 0.42
e<L6 Eccentricity lies within middle third of the base hence OK

iv) Pressure Distridution on soil qmax = W/L * (1+(6*e/L)) 129 KN/sqm

qmin = W/L * (1-(6*e/L)) 12 KN/sqm
Max Pressure qmax<SBC hence pressure on base is OK

Pressure at junction of stem and qsh=qmax-((qmax-qmin)/L)*ts)

v) 120 KN/sqm
heel
7 Constants for Working Stress Method

Design Constants
i) Grade of concrete 20 MPa
ii) Grade of steel 415 MPa

iii) Compr stress in concrete c 7.0 table 21 page 81 IS 456

iv) Tensile stress in steel t 230
v) Modular ratio m = 280/3c 13.33
vi) Neutral axis depth factor k=mc/(mc+t) 0.289
vii) Lever arm j = 1 - k/3 0.904
viii) Factor R= cjk / 2 0.913

8 Design

A) Stem
i) Beanding Moment at base of stem M = MODL + MOIL 56 KN/m

ii) Thickness required dreq=√(Ms/(R*b) 0.01 meters

iii) Thickness provided ts 0.20 meters
Thickness of Stem is OK

iv) Ast required Ast = M/(t*j*tse) 1914 sqmm

v) Ast provided 16 mm dia @ 105 mm c/c 1915 sqmm
vi) Percentage of Steel pt = Ast/(b*d) 1.37 %
Steel OK

B) Base Slab
Force Lever arm from end of stem Moment
i) Force due to backfill+surcharge = (H2-tb)*(L-ts)*γs 143 (L-ts) / 2 1.15 meters 165 KNm
ii) Force due to inclined backfill = hi/2*(L-ts)*γs 0 (L-ts) / 3 0.77 meters 0 KNm
iii) Self Weight of base slab =L *tb*γconc 16 L/2 1.25 meters 20 KNm
∑Ws 159 Md 184 KNm
vi) Upward soil pressure Nup = ((qsh+qmin)/2)*(L-ts) 151 ((qsh+(2*qmin))/(qsh+qmin)) * 0.83 meters 126 KNm
Downward Pressure is greater ((L-ts)/3) Mu 126 KNm

v) Bending Moment Msh = Mu-Md 58

vi) Thickness required dreq=√(Ms/(R*b) 0.25 meters

Thickness of Stem is OK
vii) Thickness provided ts 0.25 meters

viii) Ast required Ast = M/(t*j*tse) 1440 sqmm

ix) Ast provided 16 mm dia @ 125 mm c/c 1608 sqmm
x) Percentage of Steel pt = Ast/(b*d) 0.74 %
Steel OK

C) Reinforcement Details

FILL
 DESIGN OF Reverse L Shaped Cantilever RETAINING WALL

1 Preliminary Data
i) Height of Retaining Wall h 3.00 meters
ii) Height of Plinth Fill hp 0.50 meters
iii) Soil Density γs 18 KN/cum
iv) SBC qo 250 KN/sqm
Angle of repose Ø 30 degrees
v)
0.524 radians
Surcharge Angle Ө 0 degrees
vi)
0.000 radians
vii) Coefficient of friction µ 0.5
vii) Surcharge Load Ws 4 KN/sqm

2 Pressure Coefficients
i) Active Pressure Coefficients Ca 0.333
=(cosӨ-√(cos2Ө-cos2Ø)*cosӨ) /
(cosӨ+√(cos2Ө-cos2Ø))
ii) Passive Pressure Coefficients Cp 3.000
= (1+SinØ) / (1+SinØ)

3 Preliminary Dimensions
Proposed Adopted
i) Thickness of Stem ts min 200mm 0.20 meters
ii) Thickness of footing base slab tb = 0.08 * (h + hs) 0.24 meters 0.45 meters
iii) Length of base slab α = 1 - (q0/2.7*γs*H) -0.60 meters
if sloped backfill
L = H*sqrt((Ca*cosβ)/((1-α)*(1+3α)) 0.00 meters
α = 1 - (q0/2.2*γs*H) -0.96 meters 2.45 meters
if horizontal backfill
L = 0.95*H*sqrt((Ca)/((1-α)*(1+3α)) 0.00 meters
L = 0.6h to 0.65h 2.09 meters

iv) Extra Height of Retaining Wall due to Surcharge hs = Ws/γs 0.22 meters
v) Total Height of Retaining Wall due to Surcharge Hs = h+hs 3.22 meters

vi) Extra Height of RW due to inclined back fill hi = (L-ts)* tanӨ 0.00 meters
vii) Total Height of RW due to inclined back fill Hi = h+hi 3.00 meters

viii) Design Height of RW considered H = Max of H1 & H2 3.22 meters

4 Stability against Overturning

i) Active pressure due Surcharge Load PHS = Ca*Ws*h 4 KN
ii) Active pressure due Backfill Load PH = Ca*γs*h2 / 2 31 KN
iii) Total Load on stem (Force) Pa = PHS + PH 35 KN
iv) Overturning Moment due to Imposed load MOIL = PHS*h/2 7 KN
v) Overturning Moment due to Backfill load MODL = PH*h/3 33 KN
vi) Overturning Moment Mo = (1.2*MDIL) + (1.4*MOIL) 50 KN

v) Load Lever arm at start of heel Moment

W1 Front fill Load = (L-ts)*(hp-tb)*γs 2 KN ((L-ts) / 2) 1.13 meters 2 KNm
W3 Stem self weight = ts*(h-tb)*γconc 14 KN (ts/2) + (L-ts) 2.35 meters 33 KNm
W4 Base self weight = L*tb*γconc 28 KN L/2 1.23 meters 34 KNm
W5 Other Load PT Beam Load 0 KN
∑W 43 KN ∑Mw 69 KNm

viii) Mw not less than (1.2*MODL) +(1.4*MOIL) Safe against Overturning

-clause 20.1 page 33 of IS 456 2000

5 Stability against Sliding

i) Sliding Force Pa = PHS + PH 35 KN
ii) Resisting Force F = µ*∑W 22 KN

iii) (FS)SL= (0.9*F)/(Pa) 0.55 < 1.4 Unsafe against Sliding

-clause 20.2 page 33 of IS 456 2000

5a Shear key Design

x 0.30 meters
a) Shear Key Size
y 0.30 meters
b) Distance from stem z 0.30 meters
c) Heigth of exacavation h1 0.60 meters
d) Heigth of earth mobilization h2 = h1 + y + (z * tanØ) 1.07 meters
e) Passive Pressure Pp = Cp*γs*(h12-h22) / 2 21 KN

v) Revised Factor of Safety against SLIDING

 v)
(FS)sliding = 0.9 * ((F+Pp)/(Pa*CosӨ)) 1.09 > 1.4
Unsafe against Sliding. Shear Key Required

6 Soil Pressures at footing base

i) Net Moment at toe Mn = Mw - (MOIL+MODL) 28 KN
ii) Point of application of Resultant R x = Mn/W 0.65 meters
iii) Eccentricity e = (L/2) - x 0.58 meters L/6= 0.41
e>L6 Eccentricity lies outside the middle third of the base. Revise the base dimensions

iv) Pressure Distridution on soil qmax = W/L * (1+(6*e/L)) 43 KN/sqm

qmin = W/L * (1-(6*e/L)) -7 KN/sqm
Max Pressure qmax<SBC hence pressure on base is OK

Pressure at junction of stem and qsh=qmax-((qmax-qmin)/L)*ts)

v) 39 KN/sqm
heel
7 Constants for Working Stress Method

Design Constants
i) Grade of concrete 20 MPa
ii) Grade of steel 415 MPa

iii) Compr stress in concrete c 7.0 table 21 page 81 IS 456

iv) Tensile stress in steel t 230
v) Modular ratio m = 280/3c 13.33
vi) Neutral axis depth factor k=mc/(mc+t) 0.289
vii) Lever arm j = 1 - k/3 0.904
viii) Factor R= cjk / 2 0.913

8 Design

A) Stem
i) Beanding Moment at base of stem M = MODL + MOIL 40 KN/m

ii) Thickness required dreq=√(Ms/(R*b) 0.01 meters

iii) Thickness provided ts 0.20 meters
Thickness of Stem is OK

iv) Ast required Ast = M/(t*j*tse) 1387 sqmm

v) Ast provided 16 mm dia @ 120 mm c/c 1676 sqmm
vi) Percentage of Steel pt = Ast/(b*d) 0.99 %
Steel OK

B) Base Slab
Force Lever arm from end of stem Moment
i) Force due to Frontfill = (L-ts)*(hp-tb)*γs 2 (L-ts) / 2 1.13 meters 2 KNm
iii) Self Weight of base slab = L* tb * γconc 28 L/2 1.23 meters 34 KNm
∑Ws 30 Md 36 KNm
vi) Upward soil pressure Nup = ((qsh+qmin)/2)*(L-ts) 35 ((qsh+(2*qmin))/(qsh+qmin)) * 0.58 meters 20 KNm
Upward Pressure is greater ((L-ts)/3) Mu 20 KNm

v) Bending Moment Msh = Mu-Md 16

vi) Thickness required dreq=√(Ms/(R*b) 0.13 meters Thickness of Stem is OK

vii) Thickness provided ts 0.45 meters

viii) Ast required Ast = M/(t*j*tse) 193 sqmm

ix) Ast provided 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm
x) Percentage of Steel pt = Ast/(b*d) 0.05 %
Steel OK

C) Reinforcement Details

FILL
Shaped Cantilever RETAINING WALL