BHAVISHA - The Commerce & Law Institute

410 – Nandanwan, Aakhaliya Circle, Chopasni Road, Jodhpur (Raj.)

Contact : 0291–2760178, 9810060308, 9782408101,
Web – www.bhavisha.co.in:www.bhavisha.co.in

Karl Marx

Karl Marx’s communist theory of law:

Introduction - The Marx’s theory of law is also called as communist theory of
law propounded by Karl Marx. He was born on 5th May 1818. He was a
philosopher, economist, sociologist & Journalist & revolutionary.

- This Marx’s theory seeks to unfold a pattern of evolution of law focusing

on economic substratum of contents of law.

- Marxism is a theory given by Karl Marx. It is a theory of history and

economics. Marx’s theory is about society, economics & politics – The
collective understanding of which is known as Marxism.

- He holds that Human societies progress through class struggle. This

approach is mainly based on class struggle – The Ruling class & The
Working Class.

- Karl Marx in his ‘communist Manifesto’ pointed out that the history of
existing society is nothing but the history of class struggle.

- The social & Economics development of the society is an outcome of class

struggle between the dominant & the suppressed classes of the society.

In earlier stages it existed in the form of privileged classes & the slaves which
subsequently changed into feudal lords (a man of rank in the ancient regime) & serfs
(an agricultural labourer bound by the feudal system who was tied to working on his lord's estate).
With evaluation & develop of trade commerce & industries, this class struggle
transferred into capitalists & the working class.

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 BHAVISHA - The Commerce & Law Institute
410 – Nandanwan, Aakhaliya Circle, Chopasni Road, Jodhpur (Raj.)
Contact : 0291–2760178, 9810060308, 9782408101,
Web – www.bhavisha.co.in:www.bhavisha.co.in

Central theme of Marxism.

- It is public ownership & control of means of production. It calls for abolish

of capitalist system of economy in which means of production are privately
owned.

- It supports develop of classless society which will lead to prosperity for all.
It sought to improve the condition of poor & working class which had
deteriorated due to the influence to Austin’s positivism held the unriddled
authority of the state regardless of justice.

- This theory considers law as an instrument of suppression. It’s main

function being to secure power relationships. It is essentially meant to
further the ends of economically dominant class of society at the expense
of the proletariats (working-class people regarded collectively)

- He was one of the 1st social scientist to focus on social class. He meant
that if one is of upper class, life was one of leisure but other had life of
hardships.

- He, in his books “communist manifesto” stated, the proletariats have

nothing to choose but their chains, They have a world to win.

Though Max had called for a worker’s Revolution where proletariats were to
overthrow capitalists. To Marx’s despair though such revolution occupied in
Russia & China but not in more industrialized areas likes Germany & Britain
conflicts between proletariats & capitalists eventually led to revolt of majority
labor class which gained control over the economic soon will be known as
‘Proletariat Dictatorship’.

EXPELLED - Karl Max was expelled from Germany, France & Belgium and a
number of countries for his radical ideas.

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 BHAVISHA - The Commerce & Law Institute
410 – Nandanwan, Aakhaliya Circle, Chopasni Road, Jodhpur (Raj.)
Contact : 0291–2760178, 9810060308, 9782408101,
Web – www.bhavisha.co.in:www.bhavisha.co.in

Capitalism & Socialism

They are two different types of economic system that exist and are used by
many countries the US is the capitalist country whereas Denmark is
considered a socialist country Both are having democratic system bit differ in
their economist system.

CAPITALISM (Increase disparity between wealthy and labor class)

It is an economist system where the means of production is owned by private
individual. The economy and a use of resources are the individual owners and
private Company essentially the purpose of capitalism is the accumulation of as
much wealth for the owners as possible it also increases disparities between the
wealthy & the labour classes.

SOCIALISM
If refers to the classes society in which division of power & wealth is
proportionately awarded between all the members of the society.

CONTRIBUTIONS
1. Karl Marx has been described as one of the most influential figure in
human history.

2. Many intellectuals’ labor unions & political parties worldwide have been
influenced by the Marx idea.

3. Marx is cited with Eminy Durkheim & Max Weber as one of the 3
principal architect of Modern social science.

4. He developed the concept of communism and socialism which is the of

Marxism.

5. Vladimir Lisin built his new proletarian govt. based on interpretation of

Marx’s thought.

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 BHAVISHA - The Commerce & Law Institute
410 – Nandanwan, Aakhaliya Circle, Chopasni Road, Jodhpur (Raj.)
Contact : 0291–2760178, 9810060308, 9782408101,
Web – www.bhavisha.co.in:www.bhavisha.co.in

CRITICISM

1. Democratic socialism & social democrats rejected the idea that socialism
can only been accomplished through class conflict and proletarian
revolution.

2. Jurist have argued that many aspects of marx’s theory are outdated in
regard to certain social economic & political theory. Freidman believed that
capitalism is pre- condition for freedom to flourish in a nation or state.

3. The Marx stages of History, class analysis & theory of social evaluation
have been criticized.

CHART KARL MARX

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